a) The speed in meters per second is 10996.2 meters per second.
b) The Time taken is 10.97 hours.
What is the speed of the Orion Space Capsule?We must be able to remind ourselves that speed is the ratio of the distance that is covered to the time that is taken to orbit the earth. If we have this definition at the back of our minds, we can now see that it would be easy for us to be able to obtain the speed if we do have the distance and the time or make the necessary manipulations so as to be able to obtain any of the parameters that have been required in the speed formula as described above.
We know that;
1 mile per hour = 0.447 meters per second
24,600 mile per hour = 24,600 mile per hour * 0.447 meters per second/ 1 mile per hour
= 10996.2 meters per second
Given that;
Distance = 270,000 miles - 150 miles = 269850 miles
Time = ?
Speed = 24,600 mph
Time = Distance/ speed
= 269850 miles/ 24,600 mph
= 10.97 hours
The speed of the Orion Space Capsule is 24,600 mph.
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27. A force of 91 N is exerted straight up on a stone that has a mass of
0.75 kg. Calculate
a. the weight of the stone.
b. the net force acting on the stone.
c. the acceleration of the stone.
quasars are some of the the most luminous objects in the universe. the brightest quasar is detected is approximately 4 trillion times brighter than the sun. how close would this quasar have to be in order to generate 13,000 w/m^2- enough flux to ignite wood on the surface of Earth? solar luminosity= 3.86 E 26 W
More than 200 billion stars in our own Milky Way galaxy make up the combined luminosity of quasars, which can produce up to a thousand times as much energy. The sun is 27 trillion times fainter than the average quasar!
What quasars are some of the most luminous objects?Although quasars are the most luminous objects in the known cosmos, they seem feeble when viewed from Earth yet are detectable at great distances. The brightest quasar in the sky is 3C 273, which is located in the Virgo constellation.
Therefore, while a quasar will produce more energy over the course of its extended life. The strength of gamma ray bursts is higher. They are mostly created as a result of energy released during a hypernova's gravitational collapse.
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the circulated fluid cools the engine and releases heat through the radiator. the type(s) of heat transfer involved in the process is (are)
Conduction is a heat transfer method. This heated antifreeze is circulated to the radiator via a water pump. Convection is the term for this method of thermal energy transfer.
What is called radiator?Radiators are heat exchangers that transfer heat for cooling and heating from one medium to another. The majority of radiators are designed to function in vehicles, structures, and electronics.
What is the function of radiator and does radiator needs water or not?A radiator aids in the engine's overheating removal. It is a component of the engine's cooling system, which also consists of a fan, hoses to circulate the coolant, a liquid coolant, and a thermostat to track the coolant temperature.
If you absolutely must continue driving, you can add water to the radiator to get you to your destination, even though it's best to add a 50/50 mix of coolant and water (or a pre-mixed coolant).
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5°=.........'. =.....,......."
15°6'35"=........... "
5400"=............°.........'
73530s=...........h..........min..........s
1h15min 27s=...........h=........min=..............
47°k=...........°C
58°k=...........°C
0,020kg=.........g
The correct answers to the conversions in the task above are as follows:
a. 5°C = 41°Fb. 15°C= 859.4 degrees radiansc. 5400°F = 2982.2°Cd. 1h 15min 27s = 1h = 75minutes e. 47°k = -226°Cf. 58°k = -215.15°Cg. 0.020kg = 20gWhat is meant by degrees celsius?The degrees celsius is a scale grade which is used to define two different points. This scale system for instance works on the principle of zero degrees (0°) for the freezing point of water and hundred degrees (100°) for the boiling point of water.
From the task given above on converting 0.020kg to g,
Recall:
1000g = 1kg
to convert 0.020kg to grams
then we will have
1000g = 1kg
x = 0.020kg
Cross multiplying
x = 1000 × 0.020
= 20.
This means that we have 20g in 0.020kg.
In conclusion, we can now confirm from the explanation given above that the symbol of degrees celsius is °C.
Complete question:
Convert the following:
a. 5°C to degrees Fahrenheit =.............°F
b. 15°C to radians = ...............
c. 5400 Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius = .....°
d. 1h15min 27s=...........h=........min=..............
e. 47°k=...........°C
f. 58°k=...........°C
g. 0.020kg=.........g
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a hunter on level ground fires a bullet at an angle of 10 degrees above the horizontal while simultaneously dropping another bullet from the level of the rifle. which bullet will hit the ground first? a. the dropped one. b. the fired one. c. both hit at the same time. d. not enough information to determine.
A hunter on level ground fires a bullet at an angle of 10 degrees above the horizontal and simultaneously dropping another bullet from the level of rifle, then the bullet that will hit the ground first is : a.) the dropped one.
What is the meaning of projectile motion?Projectile motion is a form of motion experienced by an object that is projected in a gravitational field, such as from Earth's surface, and then moves along a curved path under the action of gravity.
The motion of an object thrown or projected into the air, subject to only the acceleration of gravity is called projectile motion.
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A box slides down a slope at an angle of 21∘to the horizontal. The box is travelling at constant speed. What is the coefficient of dynamic friction? Give your answer to 2 significant figures.
The coefficient of dynamic friction between the box and the slope be 0.404.
What is friction?The resistance provided by surfaces in touch as they move past one another is known as friction.
To walk without slipping, traction is provided by friction. In most situations, friction is advantageous. They do, however, give a strong amount of opposition to the move. Additionally, around 20% of an automobile's engine power is used to overcome frictional forces in the moving parts.
In this question: A box slides down a slope at an angle of 21° to the horizontal.
If the mass of the box be m and coefficient of friction be μ,
The gravitational acceleration force acting along the moving be:
F = mgcos22°.
The frictional resisting force acting against the moving be:
f = μmgsin22°.
As the box is moving with constant velocity;
F = f
⇒μ = tan22° = 0.404
So, the coefficient of dynamic friction be 0.404.
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you add information on the x-axis to represent a scale of values for the total electric vehicle sales and on the y-axis to represent the time periods (2015 and 2020). 1 point true false
You add information on the x-axis to represent a scale of values for the total electric vehicle sales and on the y-axis to represent the time periods (2015 and 2020). (False)
What does data analytics "spotlighting" mean?
A technique for displaying discrete thresholds based on the values of a metric is spotlighting. Consider color-coding sales so that those over 10,000 appear in green and those below 10,000 appear in red. A spotlighting calculation is merely another word for a computation that produces a discrete measure.
Keep in mind that the x-axis is one of the axes of a two- or three-dimensional graph. In a graph using a cartesian coordinate system, the x-axis is the horizontal plane that gives each point along the x-axis and y-axis a numerical value.
As a result, using spotlighting, you can quickly identify the most important insights by skimming over the data in light of the aforementioned query. Data analysts can recognize broad, general concepts and messages by using spotlighting.
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Why do organisms make different proteins? The Darwin’s bark spider on the left makes proteins that result in spider silk with high flexibility. The Darwin’s bark spider on the right makes proteins that result in spider silk with low flexibility. Using the space below, explain why you think this happens.
Organisms make different proteins because of the gene recombination and genetics.
What is the genetics of spider silk?Siblings may inherit various features from their parents and from each other depending on the specific gene combinations that each seeds carries. The variance in silk inflexibility among spider seed is explained by random gene recombination.
The inflexibility of silk is another issue. This point is shared by all of Darwin's dinghy spiders (they all have spider silk with some flexibility), yet some spiders create silk that is more flexible than other spiders' silk. There are three levels of silk inflexibility - high, medium, and low.
The above explanation about the genetic recombination tells about why the organisms make different proteins.
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consider a conductor at rest in a static electric field. which statement is true about how the conductor interacts with the electric field?
Option (a) is Correct. Take a look at a static electric field around a conductor at rest. then the conductor's internal electric field is exactly zero.
Electrons are free to move in a conductor. If they are subjected to a force, they will move faster in that direction. A force F = -eE acts on each free electron when a conductor is exposed to an external electric field. Electrons gain speed and accelerate in the direction that is the opposite of the field. There are no closed loops formed by electric field lines.
Because electric field lines begin with positive charge and conclude with negative charge, the assertion is accurate. A loop can never be closed since the starting and ending points of the electric field lines are different. Charges that are free to move are present in conductors. Charges in a conductor react swiftly to attain a constant state known as electrostatic equilibrium when an excess of charge is applied to the conductor or the conductor is placed in a static electric field.
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Correct Question:
Consider a conductor at rest in a static electric field. Which statement is true about how the conductor interacts with the electric field?
A. The electric field inside the conductor is exactly zero.
B. Any net charge on the conductor is distributed evenly throughout the volume of the conductor.
C. The electric field is parallel to the surface of the conductor at all points along its surface.
D. The electric field lines pass through the conductor unaffected by its presence.
Use this free body diagram to help you find the magnitude of the force F1 needed to keep this block in static equilibrium.
Static equilibrium means that all forces are equal, so to make this easiest you want to break F1 into it's horizontal and vertical components. As there are no other forces acting in the horizontal, we know the horizontal component of F1 is 40N.
What is static equilibrium ?Dynamic equilibrium is a state in which bodies are moving at a constant speed as opposed to static equilibrium, which is a state in which bodies are at rest (rectilinear motion). The total amount of forces exerted on them in both situations is zero.
When two forces are acting on an object that is in static equilibrium, it indicates that their sum is zero, which makes static equilibrium a useful analytical tool. You may create an equation to figure out the direction and strength of the unknown force if you know the direction and strength of one of the forces.
Thus, Static equilibrium means that all forces are equal, so to make this easiest you want to break F1 into it's horizontal and vertical components.
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a girl helps her younger brother swing at a playground. initially, the swing is 0.34 m from the ground. the girl pulls back on the swing until it reaches a height of 1.08 m from the ground, then she lets go. what is the maximum speed of her brother as he swings? (her brother sits passively in the swing.)
The maximum speed of her brother as he swings is 5.04777 m/s.
Calculation:
conservation of energy
ΔPE = ΔKE
= mg (h₁-h₂) = 1/2= mv²
= v = √2g (h₁-h₂)
= V = √2x9·8 (0.34 - 1.08)
Vmax = 5.04777 m/s
Forces are influences that can change the movement of an object. A force can cause a mass to accelerate, thus changing its velocity. Forces can also be described intuitively by pushing or pulling. The word "force" has a precise meaning.
At this level, it is appropriate to describe the force as pushing or pulling. A force does not contain or have within an object. A force is applied from one object to another. The idea of force is not limited to animate or inanimate objects.
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The maximum speed of her brother as he swings (her brother sits passively in the swing.) is 1.14 m/s
The gravitational potential energy of the brother increases as he is lifted to a higher height. This increase in gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy (the energy of motion) as the brother swings back down and gains speed. The maximum speed will be reached when all of the gravitational potential energy has been converted to kinetic energy.
The change in gravitational potential energy can be calculated using the formula:
ΔE = mgh
where m is the mass of the brother, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2), and h is the change in height.
Plugging in the values, we get:
ΔE = mgh = (50 kg)(9.8 m/s^2)(1.08 m - 0.34 m) = 330.8 kg*m^2/s^2
The maximum kinetic energy of the brother can be calculated using the formula:
E = 1/2 * m * v^2
where m is the mass of the brother, and v is the velocity (speed).
To find the maximum speed, we set the kinetic energy equal to the change in gravitational potential energy and solve for v:
E = 330.8 kgm^2/s^2 = 1/2 * (50 kg) * v^2
v = √(2E/m)
= √(2(330.8 kgm^2/s^2)/(50 kg))
= √(66.16/50)
= √(1.3232)
= 1.14 m/s
Thus, the maximum speed of the brother as he swings is approximately 1.14 m/s.
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Drag each label to the correct location.
Sort the characteristics of states of matter based on whether they change.
Changes;
Volume of a gas
Shape of a liquid
Shape of a gas
Does not change;
Volume of a solid
Shape of a solid
Volume of a liquid
What are the states of matter?In our introductory science lessons, we must have leant that matter is any thing that has mass and occupy space. We know that matter can occur in three states of matter and these are the solid, liquid and gaseous stage of matter.
Now we know that a liquid has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. The gas on the other hand does not have a definite shape and a definite volume. It takes the shape and the volume of the container where it is found.
A solid would always retain in itself, a definite shape and a definite volume. This is why the solid is not compressible but the liquid and the gas are compressible.
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groundwater originates from snowmelt and , which seeps into the surface of earth.
Groundwater originates from precipitation and snowmelt, which seeps into the surface of the Earth.
Most groundwater is derived as meteoric water from precipitation in the form of snow or rain. If it is not lost by transpiration, evaporation, or stream runoff, water from these sources generally infiltrates into the ground.
Initial amounts of water from precipitation onto dry soil are held very tightly as surface films and in the micropores of the particles of soil. At intermediate levels, water films cover the solid particles, but the air is still present in the voids of the soil. This region is called the zone of aeration or unsaturated zone, and the water present is known as vadose water. At lower depths and in presence of sufficient amounts of water, all such voids are filled to give a zone of saturation, the upper level of which is the water table. Water present in this zone of saturation is known as groundwater
Although a part of your question is incorrect, you might be referring to this question:
Groundwater originates from and snowmelt, which seeps into the surface of the Earth.
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two masses, m1 and m2 are separated by a distance, r. the force of attraction between the two masses is f. if r is cut by 1/4, how would f change?
If the distance between the masses is cut by 1/4, the new force will become 16 times the old force.
What is the force experienced by the two masses?The force experienced by the two masses is determined by applying Newton's law of universal gravitation.
F = Gm1m2 /r²
where;
G is universal gravitation constantm1 is mass of the first objectm2 is mass of the second objectr is the distance between the two masseswhen the distance between the objects becomes 1/4, the new force between the object becomes;
F = Gm1m2 /(1/4 r)²
F = Gm1m2 /(1/16)r²
F = 16 [ Gm1m2 /r² ]
F (new) = 16 (Gm1m2 /r² )
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Two students are running across country race. One has a mass of 60 kg, while the other has a mass of 68 kg if they are both running with a speed of 7 m/s which has more momentum? Why?
Answer:
The second student with mass 70kg has more momentum
Explanation:
Using the formula:
p = m × v
Where;
p = momentum (kgm/s)
m = mass (kg)
v = velocity (m/s)
According to this question, two students are running in a cross country race.
Student 1 has the following; m = 60kg, v = 7m/s
Student 2 has the following; m = 70kg, v = 7m/s
Using p = mv
Student 1, p = 60 × 7 = 420 kgm/s
Student 2, p = 70 × 7 = 490 kgm/s
From the result of the above calculations, student 2 with mass 70kg has more momentum.
calculate the friction force of a 65 kg person if the coefficient of friction for the ground is 0.47
Answer:
299.39N
Explanation:
F=un
n=w=mg⇒ (65)(9.8)=637
0.47(637)= 299.39 N
*your teacher/prof may expect you to round to sig figs*
suppose you have two negative point charges. as you move them farther and farther apart, the potential energy of this system relative to infinity:____.
Take the case where you have additional opposite unit charges. The potential energy of such a system with respect to infinity decreases as they are moved apart further and further.
What is potential energy defined as?Potential energy is a type of stored energy that depends on the relative locations of various system components. A spring's potential energy increases when it is stretched or compressed. When a steel ball is lifted above the earth's surface as opposed to being brought to it, it has far higher potential energy.
Which of these three forms of energy has potential?Stones poised on an edge of the cliff contain potential energy. If the stones fall, the stored energy will become kinetic energy. Branches high on the tree have had the potential to fall, which provides them life. The food we consume contains chemical potential energy.
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The smith family is travelling in their car at 50 km/h due east. Mr. Smith is using cruise control to maintain a constant speed. Describe the net force acting on the smith car.
Answer:
The net force would be zero
Explanation:
Since, F = m*a
So, if the speed is constant, similarly if we include direction the Velocity is constant and that means that acceleration is zero as acceleration itself is change in velocity per time so constant velocity and since,
a = (Vf - Vi)/change in time
a = 0
then
F = m*0
so F is also zero
Write the formula of the compound magnesium phosphate, in which the magnesium ion has a charge of 2+ and the phosphate ion has a charge of 3-.
Mg2(PO4)3
Mn2(PO4)3
Mn3(PO4)2
Mg3(PO4)2
The chemical formula of the Mg²⁺ and PO₄³⁻ is Mg₃(PO₄)₂. Therefore, option (4) is correct.
What is the chemical formula?A chemical formula provides information about the proportions of each element in a given chemical compound or molecule. The chemical formula includes chemical symbols, numbers (subscripts), and other symbols, such as dashes, plus (+) and minus (−) signs, commas, and brackets.
The chemical formula of a compound includes no words but can draw simple chemical structures. In chemistry, two kinds of formulas for any compound: empirical formula and molecular formula.
The charge on the Magnesium is +2 and the charge on the phosphate ion is -3. Therefore, the formula of the compound magnesium phosphate is Mg₃(PO₄)₂.
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A small car and a semi-truck have the same total mechanical energy. Which of the
following CANNOT be true?
The car must be moving faster than the truck and the truck and car are at the
same height.
The car is going the same speed as the truck and the truck and car are at the
same height.
The car is going the same speed as the truck and the car is at a higher elevation
than the truck.
The car is at a higher elevation and both the car and the truck are stationary.
The statement that can not be true is that; the car is going the same speed as the truck and the truck and car are at the same height. Option B
What is mechanical energy?The term mechanical energy has to do with the energy that is either in motion or the energy that is at a point. We can see that the total mechanical energy must have to be constant in a closed system.
We know that both the kinetic energy and the potential energies of the car and the truck would have to depend on the masses of the objects. The truck must have a much larger mass than the car. This implies that looking at the masses of the objects, the car and the truck must have different values of speed and height if they are to have the same total mechanical energy.
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How does the average pressure f an elephant standing on the ground compared to that exerted by a person standing on the ground? The person weighs 640N. each shoe has an area of about 0.016 m^2 in contact with the floor. The elephant weighs 4.13x10^4N and has four feet, each with an area of about 0.14 m^2 in contact with the ground.
(a) The average pressure exerted by the person is 40,000 N/m².
(b) The average pressure exerted by the elephant is 295,000 N/m².
The average pressure exerted by the elephant is about 7 times greater than the average pressure exerted by the person.
What is average pressure exerted by the elephant and person?The average pressure exerted by each is defined as the force per unit area.
Mathematically, the formula for average pressure is given as;
P = F/A
where;
F is the applied forceA is the area of each objectP = W / A
where;
W is weight of the personA is the area of surface in contactThe average pressure exerted by the person is calculated as follows;
P = (640 N) / (0.016)
P = 40,000 N/m²
The average pressure exerted by the elephant is calculated as follows;
P = (4.13 x 10⁴ N) / (0.14)
P = 295,000 N/m²
Thus, the average pressure exerted by the elephant and the person depends on their weight and area of their shoes.
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a fairground ride spins its occupants inside a flying-saucer-shaped vehicle. if the horizontal circular path the riders follow has a radius of 6.5 m, at how many revolutions per minute will the riders be subjected to a centripetal acceleration 1.65 times that due to gravity?
The riders make 15.09 rev/min when they are subjected to a centripetal acceleration 1.65 times that due to gravity.
Given that,
Radius of circular path = 6.5 m
Let ω be the angular velocity of ride
Centripetal acceleration is given by ω²r
which should be equal to gravity 1.65* (g)
ω²r = 1.65* g
ω² = (1.65* g)/r
ω = √(1.65* g/r) = √(1.65* 9.81/ 6.5) = 1.58 rad/sec
We know that, 1 rad/sec = 9.55 rev/min
So, converting rad/sec to rev/min we have,
ω = 1.58* 9.55 = 15.09 rev/min
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Which of the following are signs that an endothermic reaction is taking place
Answer:
positive delta H (enthalpy/heat change)
temperatures drop
Explanation:
eg water changing state to ice is an endothermic reaction
Answer:
Some signs that an endothermic reaction is taking place are if:
- the container holding the reaction feels cold to the touch
- the change in enthalpy is positive
- the total heat of formation is positive
What is the frequency of a wave that has a speed of 0.5 m/s and a wavelength of 0.050 meter?
0.5 hertz.
0.008 hertz
20 hertz
10 hertz.
The frequency of the wave is 10 hertz.
What is frequency?
In physics, frequency is the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a unit of time as well as the number of cycles or vibrations that a body in periodic motion experiences in a unit of time.
After moving through a sequence of situations or locations and then returning to its initial position, a body in periodic motion is said to have experienced one cycle or one vibration.
For wave motion, it can be written that:
Velocity of wave = wavelength × frequency
Frequency = Velocity of wave/wavelength
Given that Velocity of wave = 0.5 m/s.
wavelength = 0.050 meter.
Hence, frequency of the wave = 0.5/0.050 hertz
= 10 hertz.
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how much energy is stored in a 3.00- cm -diameter, 12.0- cm -long solenoid that has 150 turns of wire and carries a current of 0.790 a ?
According to the given statement the energy is stored in Long solenoid is U = 2.14 × 10⁻⁶ J.
Why is energy such a big deal?Energy is a crucial part of our everyday life although becoming an basic human need. The buildings that people have constructed are heated and cooled by energy. To raise a foot, get out of couch, or even simply walk and along main path, you need energy.
Briefing:
The diameter of the solenoid is given as 3cm or 0.03m.
The length of the solenoid is given as 12cm or 0.12m.
Current is given as 0.79A
The cross-sectional area of the solenoid is
A = πd²/4
A = π (0.03)²/4 = 0.000225m²
Inductance of the solenoid can be found out using the below formula,
L = μ₀ N² A/l
where, μ₀ is vacuum permeability
N is number of turns
A is cross-sectional area
l is length
L = μ₀ N² A/l
L = 4π × 10⁻⁷ * (150)² *0.000225/0.79 = 8.05 × 10⁻⁶ H
U = 1/2 L*i²
U = 0.5 * 8.05 × 10⁻⁶ * (0.73)²
U = 2.14 × 10⁻⁶ J
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what is the wavelength (in m) of an earthquake that shakes you with a frequency of 11.5 hz and gets to another city 80.0 km away in 12.0 s?
The wavelength of earthquake that shakes you with frequency of 11.5 Hz and gets to another city 80 Km away in 12s is 579.72 m .
The Wavelength is defined as the distance between adjacent crests in adjacent cycles of a waveform signal propagated along a wire .
the relation between velocity , wavelength and wavelength is :
v = λf ;
simplifying we get ⇒ λ = v/f ;
we know that , v = d/t ; by speed = distance × time ,
substituting , distance = 80 Km = 80000 m, and
time taken = 12s ;
So , v = 80000/12 = 6,666.7 m/s .
given that frequency(f) = 11.5 Hz ,
So , λ = v/f ⇒ 6,666.7/11.5
= 579.71304
≈ 579.72 m .
Therefore , the wavelength of the earthquake is 579.72 m .
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for the photoelectric effect, indicate the expected observations for a particle theory of light and for a wave theory of light.
The discovery that many metals release electrons when exposed to light is known as the photoelectric effect.
What aspect of particle theory is doing the photoelectric effect support?Because it behaves like an impactor (one that preserves mechanical power) involving two particles, the photons of sunlight and the electrons of the metal, the photoelectric effect fits a particles theory of light.
What is the light particle theory?Albert Einstein did, however, give his particles theory of light a boost in 1905. He noticed the photoelectric phenomenon, wherein ultraviolet light hitting a surface causes the surface to liberate electrons. By characterizing sight as a flow of photons, or energetic packets, Einstein was able to describe the response.
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How much time i required for a elevator to lift a load if the motor can produce 13,000 W of power and doe total work of 56000 J?
The time needed for the elevator to lift the load is approximately 4.31 seconds.
What is the time required?Power is simply the amount of energy transferred per unit time.
It is expressed as;
P = W / t
Where P is power, W is work done and t is time.
Given the data in the question;
Power P = 13000W = 13000J/sWork done W = 56000 JTime t = ?Plug the given values into the above formula and solve for t
P = W / t
P = W / t
t = W / P
t = 56000J / 13000J/s
t = 4.31 s
Therefore, the required time is 4.31 seconds.
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A block is pushed across a 10 m rough surface quickly by a boy. Which of the
following would not increase the power needed by the boy to move the block?
A)Decrease the time of the block slid
B)Increase the mass of the block
C)Increase the time of the block was slid
D)Increase the roughness of the surface
Answer:A
Explanation:i got it right
Tell how the volume of a material is related to temperature. Use the terms thermal expansion and thermal contraction in your response.
The volume of a material is directly related to its temperature in that thermal expansion occurs with an increase in temperature while thermal contraction occurs with a decrease in temperature.
What are thermal expansion and thermal contraction?The effect of heat, when applied to a substance, is that it may result in thermal expansion or thermal contraction when heat is removed
Thermal expansion refers to the increase in the size of a material when heat is applied to the substance resulting in temperature increase. Thermal expansion may be an increase in volume, area, or length.
Thermal contraction refers to the decrease in the size of a material when heat is removed from the substance. Thermal expansion may be a decrease in volume, area, or length.
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