18.0121 grams of CH₃OH must be added to water to prepare 225ml of a solution that is 2.5 m CH₃OH.
Molarity of the solution is defined as the number moles of the solute present in one liter of the solution. Molarity is calculated from the equation,
M = No. of moles of solute / Volume of the solution in terms of liter.
Volume of solution given is 225 ml. As molarity is expressed in moles per liter.
Volume of solution = 0.225 L
Calculate the mole of CH₃OH by the expression of molarity,
225ml × 2.5 mole/1000 ml = 0.562 moles of CH₃OH .
Now convert 0.175 moles by multiplying molar mass of the solution. So,
0.562 moles × 32.05g of CH₃OH /1mole CH₃OH = 18.0121 grams
The volume equals to 18.0121 grams of CH₃OH.
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How can u figure out if an unknown solute is ionic or polar covalent
ɪꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅɪꜰꜰᴇʀᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴᴇɢᴀᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛꜱ ɪꜱ ɢʀᴇᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴛʜᴀɴ 1.7 ᴛʜᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏɴᴅ ɪꜱ ɪᴏɴɪᴄ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴅɪꜰꜰᴇʀᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴀ ᴘᴏʟᴀʀ ᴄᴏᴠᴀʟᴇɴᴛ ʙᴏɴᴅ ɪꜱ 0.5 ᴛᴏ 1.7 ᴀɴᴅ ᴀ ɴᴏɴᴘᴏʟᴀʀ ᴄᴏᴠᴀʟᴇɴᴛ ʙᴏɴᴅ ɪꜱ ꜰʀᴏᴍ 0 ᴛᴏ 0.4.
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Using the following balanced equation, 2 moles of C2H6 will produce how many total moles of products?
2 C2H6 + 7 O2 → 4 CO2 + 6 H2O
a. 2
b. 10
c. 4
d. 6
Answer:
Explanation:
b
determine the number of moles (n) of krypton gas contained in a 3.25 liter tank at a pressure of 5.80 atm and a temperature of 25.5 oc?
The number of moles of krypton are 7.6 moles.
According to Ideal gas law,
PV = n RT
Where
P = Pressure
V = Volume
n = number of moles
R = Universal gas constant
T = Temperature
Given
P = 5.80 atm
V = 3.25 L
T = 25.5 °C
R = 8.314
Now substituting the Value in the formula
PV = n RT
So separate the n from the formula
n = PV/RT
n= 5.80 × 3.15 × 1000 / 8.314 × 298.5
n=7.59
n ≈ 7.6 moles
Therefore the moles of krypton is 7.6 moles
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In a synthesis reaction, two atoms of sodium (na) combine with one molecule of chlorine gas (cl2) to produce sodium chloride (nacl). How many molecules of sodium chloride are produced?(1 point).
A synthesis reaction is a chemical process in which two dissimilar atoms interact to create a new substance or molecule.
The atomic number of the alkali metal sodium is 11. The valence electron in its outermost shell is positive (+1).
With the atomic number 17, chlorine belongs to the halogen family of elements. Its octet structure can only be completed with an electron.
Because of this, their bonding process is known as electrovalent or ionic bonding.
When 2 moles of sodium (Na) and 1 mole of chlorine (Cl) are combined, the following results:
2Na(s)Sodium+Cl2(g)Chlorine→2NaCl(s)Sodium Chloride
As a result of the foregoing process, we can infer that two sodium molecules are created when two sodium (Na) atoms interact with one molecule of chlorine gas (Cl2).
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what is the term for a report section that functions as a brief condensation of the report addressed to managers?
The report targeted to managers is condensed into an executive summary, also known as that of the epitome, Executive Summary, management summary, or management overview.
Which are the four parts of a report with recommendations?The fundamental line of reasoning for most recommendation reports would include a description of the problem, the solution, the advantages of the solution, and any particular recommendations (if not already made clear in the solution section).List of contents.
What one of these would have been the report's front matter?A transmittal letter, a title page, a summary of some kind, a table of contents, and listings of figures and/or tables are examples of common front matter elements.
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what is the characteristic reaction of carboxylic acid derivatives? multiple choice electrophilic addition nucleophilic elimination nucleophilic acyl substitution oxidation
The characteristic reaction of carboxylic acid derivatives is nucleophilic acyl substitution.
the carboxylic acid contains c=o bonds and at the starting there is a nucleophilic attack on a electrophilic carbonyl atom which forms a tetrahedral alkoxide intermediate.
now, the alkoxide negative charge give stability by transferring the y leaving group which allows the c=o bond to reform and which make a new acyl compound.
[tex]R-CO-Y+:Nu^{-} \rightarrow R-C-(O)(Y)(Nu)[/tex]
now, the above reaction is considered substitution because y group of the carboxylic acid derivative get exchanged with nucleophile.
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What do you think is the consequence of eutrophication? a) a decrease in the amount of oxygen available to aquatic life b) a shift in water temperature c) an increase in the food available for aquatic life d) an increase in the amount of sediments in the ecosystem.
Eutrophication causes a decrease in the amount of oxygen available to aquatic life.
What is Eutrophication?
Eutrophication sets off an ecosystem chain reaction starting with algae and vegetation in abundance. This lowers the pH of seawater, a process known as ocean acidification.
Eutrophication occurs when nutrients are abundant, and visible algal blooms grow densely. Eventually, these algae die and decompose, absorbing oxygen and reducing oxygen levels in the water. Eutrophication can also lead to a shift in species composition towards faster-growing algal species and from long-lived macroalgae to more wild species.
Thus, Eutrophication causes a decrease in the amount of oxygen available to aquatic life.
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a certain indicator has a ka equal to 1.0 x 10-5. the ph range over which this indicator changes color is
Since this indicator's pKa is 5, it will change color around pH 5.
What pH range does an acidic indicator fall into?To determine the approximate pH, use the cologarithm or negative logarithm of the H+ ion concentration.Similar to water, a solution with a pH of 7 is neutral. While a basic solution has a pH above 7, an acidic solution has a pH below 7.
How can pH be determined using indicators?By adding a chemical whose color depends on the pH, one of the simplest ways to figure out a solution's pH is to do so. These substances are known as acid-base indicators, or just indicators. The most popular acid-base indicator is probably litmus. if situated in comparatively.
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suppose you mix 100.0 g of water at 22.6 oc with 75.0 g of water at 75.4 oc. what will be the final temperature of the mixed water, in oc?
The temperature of mixed water is 45.230C under the conditions stated.
How can the change in temperature when mixing water be calculated?T(final) = (m1 T1 + m2 T2) / (m1 + m2), at which m1 and m2 are indeed the weight training of the water in the initial and 2nd canisters, T1 is the water temperature in the first container, and T2 is the water temperature in the second container, can be used to determine the final the water's temperature mixture.
Briefing:The given parameters;
mass of the cold water, m = 100 g
initial temperature of the water, t₁ = 22.6 ⁰C
initial temperature of the hot water, t₂ = 75.4⁰ C
75 g is the hot water's mass.
specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g⁰C
The mixture's final temperature is estimated as follows;
Based on the principle of conservation of energy;
Heat received by the ice water equals heat lost by the hot water.
mcΔθ₂ = mcΔθ₁
75 x 4.184 x (75.4 - T) = 100 x 4.184 x (T - 22.6)
75 x (75.4 - T) = 100 x (T - 22.6)
(75.4 - T) = 1.333(T - 22.6)
75.4 - T = 1.333T - 30.1258
75.4 + 30.1258 = 1.333T + T
105.5258 = 2.333T
T = 45.2318⁰C
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a sodium ion-selective electrode increased in voltage by 59.16 mv when the sodium cation concentration was increased by a factor of 10. a s2- ion-selective electrode measured a decrease of 29.58 mv when the sulfide concentration increased by a factor of 10. why? select all that apply
When the sodium cation concentration was increased by a factor of 10. a s2- ion-selective electrode measured a decrease of 29.58 mv when the sulfide concentration increased by a factor of 10 because of option I and IV.
Some reactive electrodes consist of zinc, copper, lead, and silver. An inert electrode is a form of electrode which does not participate in a chemical reaction. some normally used inert electrodes include platinum, gold, graphite(carbon), and rhodium.
Electrodes are critical additives of electrochemical cells. They shipping produced electrons from one 1/2-cellular to any other, which produce an electrical charge. This fee is based off a widespread electrode gadget (SHE) with a reference ability of zero volts and serves as a medium for any cellular potential calculation.
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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the comlete question.
A Na ion-selective electrode increased in voltage by 59.16 mV when the sodium ion activity increased by a factor of 10. An S2 ion-selective electrode measured a decrease of 29.58 mV when the sulfide activity increased by a factor of 10. Why?
I. For cations, the measured potential increases by a factor of n x 59.16 mV for every 10-fold change in the activity of the cation, where n is the charge on the cation.
II. For anions, the measured potential decreases by a factor of n x 59.16 mV for every 10-fold change in the activity of the anion, where n is the charge on the anion.
III. For cations, the measured potential increases by a factor of 59.16 mV/n for every 10-fold
change in the activity of the cation, where n is the charge on the cation.
IV. For anions, the measured potential decreases by a factor of 59.16 mV/n for every 10-fold change in the activity of the anion, where n is the charge on the anion.
Select one:
a. I and IV
Ob. III and IV
c. II and III
d. I and II
e. None of the statements explains the behavior.
what are two ways in which we can increase the favorability of the products without adding or removing products or reactants?
The two ways in which we can increase the favorability of products without adding or removing products or reactants :
1. Increase the temperature of an endothermic reaction.
2. Decrease the temperature of an exothermic reaction.
3. Boost a reactant's concentration in an aqueous solution.
A reaction that is endothermic absorbs energy. Energy addition favors the reaction that forms the product.
A reaction that is exothermic releases energy. Removing the energy favors the reaction that forms the product.
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which of the following relationships relating to bond length is generally correct? multiple choice question. a) the shorter the bond, the lower the bond dissociation energy b) the shorter the bond, the stronger the bond c) the shorter the bond, the weaker the bond d) the shorter the bond, the fewer the electrons in it
The correct option for the relationships relating to bond length is (b), i.e. the shorter the bond, the stronger the bond
As the atoms become bigger, the bonds also get stronger and longer. Larger orbitals, which assume a lower electron density and a poor percentage overlap with the hydrogen s orbital, lead to longer bonds. The H-X bonds weaken as they lengthen since this is what happens as we progress down the periodic table. Atoms that are more closely spaced from one another have a stronger link than those that are farther away. Because triple and double bonds are shorter than single bonds and enable atoms to be placed closer together, they are also much more durable. Atomic radii make up small bond lengths. Therefore, in general, the smaller the atom's radius, the stronger the link will be. This is primarily due to the electrons' proximity to the nucleus, which creates a strong bond.
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The gas in a 225. 0 ml piston experiences a change in pressure from 1. 35 atm to 2. 60 atm. What is the new volume (in ml) assuming the moles of gas and temperature are held constant?.
1 atm (275 mL) equals 3.10 atm V2, where V2 is equal to 275 mL divided by 3.10, and P1V1 equals P2V2. The calculation is 1(275) = 3.1 (88.71) = 275.
How does chemistry deal with pressure?The ideal gas equation can be changed to demonstrate that the pressure of a sample of gas is directly proportional to the amount of gas present, volume, and temperature is held constant: P=n(RTV)=n×const
V1 T1 V2 T2 is what formula?Volume and temperature are related as follows: V1 / T1 = V2 / T2, where V1 and T1 represent the beginning volume and absolute temperature, and V2 and T2 represent the final volume and absolute temperature (the Kelvin temperature, not the Celsius temperature).
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In double replacement reactions, why will two metals not combine with each other when products are formed?.
A double replacement reaction occurs when fragments of two ionic compounds shift places to form two new compounds (also known as a double displacement, exchange, or metathesis reaction).
What is Double Displacement Reaction?
A twofold displacement reaction is one in which one reactant is partially replaced by another.
Following is a summary of double displacement reactions:
AD = CB + CD + AB
The ions in two reactant ionic compounds are switched out for the same ions in two new product compounds during a double replacement process.
A double replacement reaction occurs when two reactants switch cations or anions to form two new products.
Other names for double replacement processes include metathesis reactions and double displacement reactions.
Precipitation, gas generation, and neutralization are examples of double replacement reactions.
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electronegativity for boron is 2.0, and electronegativity for fluorine is 4.0. which type of bond forms between boron (b) and fluorine (f) in bf3?
Electronegativity for boron is 2.0, and electronegativity for fluorine is 4.0. which type of bond forms between boron (B) and fluorine (F) in BF₃ is non polar covalent bond.
The BF₃ is the covalent molecule. the electronegativity for boron is 2.0 and the electronegativity for the fluorine is 4.0 . the boron has 3 valence electrons and need 5 more to complete the octet and fluorine has 7 valence electrons . thus boron form three covalent bond with the atom of fluorine and try to complete the octet.
The BF₃ is a triangular planar molecule. the dipole moment in the BF₃ molecule is zero therefore BF₃, boron trifluoride is a non polar covalent molecule.
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When magnesium reacts with copper sulfate solution, the ionic equation is:
Mg(s) + Cu² (aq) → Mg² (aq) + Cu(s)
-
Which species has lost electrons?
Which species has gained electrons?
Which species is oxidised and which is reduced?
(4 marks)
Answer:
magnesium because it gives its electrons to copper
copper gains from mg
copper is reduced and magnesium is oxidised
what will be produced through the reaction of an internal alkyne with hydrogen and lindlar's catalyst?
Hydrogen gas reacts with alkynes in the presence of a Lindlar catalyst by syn addition of hydrogen, resulting in a cis alkene product. A Lindlar catalyst is "poisoned" (often with lead) such that the reaction stops primarily at the alkene product.
.the formula of an ionic compound starts with a metal and that of a molecular compound starts with a nonmetal. the statement is
perfectly true
Somewhat true
Slightly true
Not true at all
There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, the given statement is Slightly true.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound. Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond.
The formula of an ionic compound starts with a metal and that of a molecular compound starts with a nonmetal. The statement is Slightly true.
Therefore, the given statement is Slightly true.
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which of these compounds is the hemiacetal that forms when ethanol reacts with propanal?
The compound that is the hemiacetal that forms when ethanol reacts with propanal is attached.
What is the hemiacetal?A hemiacetal is a combination of an alcohol and an ether attached to the same carbon. Hydrogen holds the fourth bonding position. An aldehyde is the starting point for a hemiacetal. Hemiacetals are formed from aldehydes and are named after the Greek word "hemi," which means "half."
Ethanol is a flammable, colorless chemical compound that is one of the most commonly found alcohols in alcoholic beverages. It is also known as "ethyl alcohol" or "grade alcohol."
Propionaldehyde, also known as propanal, is an organic compound. It's a three-carbon aldehyde. It has a slightly fruity odor and is colorless and flammable. It is mass-produced on an industrial scale.
In this case, the compound illustrate the reaction.
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(8. 70) Which element would you expect to the more metallic?
a. S or Cl
b. In or Al
c. A or Br
S is more metallic than Cl and Al is more metallic than indium and As is more metallic than Br.
In a period when we move across, from left to right then there will be an increase in electronegativity and also there will be an increase in non-metallic character of the elements.
As sulfur (S) belongs to group 16 element and chlorine (Cl) belongs to group 17 element. Thus, sulfur (S) is more metallic in nature than chlorine.
Therefore, chlorine (S) is less metallic than chlorine (Cl).
Both indium (I) and aluminium (Al) belongs to group 13 elements. And, when we move down in the group then there will be an increase in non-metallic character of the elements. As indium belongs to group 13 and period 5 wherein aluminium belongs to group 13 and period 3.
Thus, aluminium (Al) is more metallic than indium (In).
Arsenic (Ar) belongs to 15 element and bromine (Br) belongs to group 17 element. Thus, arsenic is more metallic than bromine.
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Which phrase describes a risk of using the radioisotope co-60 in treating cancer.
One of the most important use of cobalt-60 is treating cancer as it produces gamma rays.
In a teletherapy unit as a source of intense gamma radiation for the treatment of a variety of cancers an external sealed source of cobalt-60 is used. Cobalt-60 is also used as a medical tracer. A material that is introduced into the body to make possible the observation of chemical, physical or biological processes in the body is known as medical tracer.
Cobalt-60 emits two high energy gamma rays, making cobalt-60 both an internal and external hazard. Ingestion is the primary exposure pathways of concern which includes (drinking water and fish consumption), and exposure by inhalation and external exposure.
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copper forms a octahedral complex with that has a charge of . what is the coordination number and oxidation state of the copper atom?
For an octahedral complex, the coordination number of the central copper ion is six and it is in the +2 oxidation state.
What is an octahedral complex ?We know that an octahedral complex is one in which there are six ligands that are attached to the central metal ion. The coordination number has to do with the number of the ligands that could be found around the central metal ion.
Copper is found in the + 2 states when it forms complexes that are octahedral in nature ad the coordination number of the central copper ion in the complex is always six.
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What is the total number of protons in an atom with the electron configuration 2-8-18-32-18-1.
The total number of protons in this atom is 79 because an atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons. Here, the atomic number is 79 after adding the given electronic configuration.
What are Protons?
Every atom has a proton, a subatomic particle, in its nucleus. The particle possesses an electrical charge that is positive and opposite to the electrons.
What is Atom?
A nucleus plus one or more electrons bound to the nucleus make up an atom. The quantity of protons or electrons in an element's atom determines how different it is from other similar elements. The atomic number of an element, which serves as its primary identification, is the sum of its protons or electrons.
What is Electronic configuration?
The arrangement of electrons in atomic or molecular orbitals within an atom, molecule, or other physical structure is known as the electron configuration.
Hence, the total number of protons in this atom is 79, after adding 2 + 8 + 18 + 32 + 18 + 1.
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if a molecule of h2 had one of its electrons promoted to the antibonding orbital, what would happen to the bond?
Answer:
It would become weaker.
Explanation:
If an electron was promoted to the antibonding orbital, the bond order would become zero and the molecule would split apart.
A glowing beam of electric current is deflected away from a negatively charged object. What does this tell us about electricity?
It is densely packed and has a positive charge
It is made of negatively charged particles.
It is mostly empty space.
It is composed of a positive charge that is spread out with negative charges scattered about within it.
An electric field is produced when high voltage is applied to capacitor plates, deflecting cathode rays. The negatively charged electrons are directed away from the negatively charged plate and toward the positively charged plate when a cathode ray is transmitted through this electric field.
What is Electricity ?Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations
Voltage, current, and resistance are the three most fundamental elements of electricity. Voltage is comparable to the force that forces water through a hose. It is expressed as volts (V). CURRENT is comparable to the hose's diameter.
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14.28 explain how you would distinguish between each pair of compounds using high- resolution mass spectrometry
The distinguish between each pair of compounds using high- resolution mass spectrometry by the exact mass rather than nominal mass are utilizes to measure the compound.
The mass spectrometry is involves the following steps :
The ionization accelerationdeflection detectionMass spectrometry is the analytical method useful for the calculating the mass to charge ratio ( m / z ). the mass spectrometry is based on the newton's second law and the momentum.
Thus, the mass spectroscopy is method to measure the molecular mass of the compound and indirectly helps examine the isotopes and based on the newton's second law .
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Keq = 175 for the reaction
2 NO2(g) ↔ 2 NO(g) O2(g)
What i [O2] if [NO2] = 0. 575 and [NO] = 2. 96?
2 NO2(g) ↔ 2 NO(g) O2(g) is the equation.
Which is a factor that affects the equilibrium constant?
The only thing that changes the equilibrium constant is a change in temperature. Changing the pressure can change the position of the equilibrium. According to Le Chatelier's Principle, the equilibrium position moves in such a way that it tends to undo the changes you make.
Does pressure affect equilibrium constant?
Changing the system pressure does not change the equilibrium constant. The only thing that changes the equilibrium constant is a change in temperature. Changing the pressure can change the position of the equilibrium.
Does equilibrium constant depend on pressure and volume?
Equilibrium constants are temperature dependent and independent of the actual amounts of reactants and products, the presence of catalysts, and the presence of inerts. It is also independent of the concentration, pressure and volume of extracts and products.
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Which statement best describes an advantage of asexual reproduction for a population of organisms
Answer:
The population can increase in number more rapidlyif pressure is kept constant, to compress nitrogen at 2 atm from 750 ml to 500 ml, what must the new pressure be?
The new pressure be if pressure is kept constant, to compress nitrogen is 3 atm.
Why Boyle's Law is important?Boyle's law is significant because it explains how gases behave. It explains with certainty that the relationship between gas pressure and volume is inverse. So, when you exert pressure on gas, the volume decreases and its pressure increases.
Briefing:P1V1 = P2V2
P1 and V1 are initial pressure and volume.
P2 and V2 are final pressure and volume.
P1 = 1 atm
V1 = 750 mL
P2 = ?
V2 = 500 mL
Putting values
2 * 750 mL = P2 * 500 mL
P2 = 3 atm
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based on electronegativity trends in the periodic table, predict with of the following compounds will have the greatest % ionic character in it bonds?
The following compounds' SrF2 will have the highest percentage of ionic character in its bonds, according to trends in electronegativity in the periodic table.
Describe Electronegativity?
The propensity of the given element to draw the shared electron during the formation of a chemical bond is referred to as electronegativity. It depends on the atomic number of the target atom as well as how far away the shared electron is from the charged atom's nucleus.
Ionic character: An object's ionic character is determined by how much the electronegativity of two covalently connected atoms differs from one another.
The most ionic property of all is found in BaCl2.
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On the basis of the electronegativity trends in the periodic table, SrF2 of the following given compounds should have the greatest % ionic character in its bonds.
What is electronegativity?While forming a chemical bond the tendency of the given element to attract the shared electron is known as electronegativity. It is affected by the atomic number of the given atom as well as the distance at which the shared electron resides from the charged nucleus of the atom.
Ionic character:The ionic nature is determined by how much the electronegativity of two covalently bound atoms differs from one another.
BaCl2 has the greatest of all ionic character.
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