How long did Lincoln's Gettysburg address last? Question 4 options: a. 2 minutes b. 2 hours c. 20 minutesd. 2 hours and 2 minutes

Answer:

What Hamilton meant by that was for laws to be effective, there must be courts to interpret them consistently.

The French, Russian, Mexican and Chinese Revolutions all share the same goal of overthrowing oppressive regimes and achieving greater autonomy for their respective populations.

The French Revolution overthrew the absolute monarchy in France, the Russian Revolution ended Tsarist autocracy and established the Soviet Union, Mexico's Revolution saw the overthrow of dictator Porfirio Diaz, and finally China's Revolution toppled its Qing Dynasty.

All four revolutions led to a new system of government as well as a period of social and political reform that changed each country significantly. Each revolution was characterized by intense civil conflict and was motivated by deep-seated grievances among common people.

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During the early 1900s, the word tenement had come to symbolize an airless, congested slum dwelling, which was a common issue in Rustbelt

.

However, in contrast to this historical period, these cities have experienced rapid rates of deindustrialization, while massive job growth has occurred in residential exurbs. During the early 1900s, the word tenement had come to symbolize an airless, congested slum dwelling. Rustbelt cities have experienced rapid rates of deindustrialization, leading to economic struggles and population declines in many urban areas. Meanwhile, there has been massive job growth in residential exurbs as people seek more affordable housing options outside of city centers.

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During the early 1900s, the term "tenement" became synonymous with airless, congested slum dwellings. These cramped living conditions were common in urban areas, where a growing population led to overcrowding and unsanitary conditions.

Rustbelt cities, known for their manufacturing and industrial bases, experienced rapid rates of deindustrialization as factories closed and jobs moved elsewhere. This shift had a profound impact on these cities, leading to unemployment and a decline in living standards.

Simultaneously, massive job growth occurred in residential exurbs, areas beyond the suburbs, where people moved to escape the congested city centers. This growth led to the development of new communities, infrastructure, and opportunities for workers in these areas.

In conclusion, the early 1900s saw a stark contrast between the dismal conditions of tenements in urban centers and the expansion and job growth in residential exurbs, as cities underwent significant changes due to industrial shifts and urbanization.

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Religions Comparison: 2000 BCE to 632 CE Timeline:

Judaism |Christianity| Islam

2000 BCE | Abraham

0 CE | | Jesus

632 CE | | | Muhammad

Unique to Judaism ● The belief in the Torah as the most sacred text and the word of God, as well as the belief in the covenant between God and the Jewish people.

Common Only to Judaism and Islam ● The belief in one God and the importance of following religious laws and rituals.

Unique to Islam ● The belief that Muhammad is the last prophet and the final messenger of God, and the importance of the Five Pillars of Islam (declaration of faith, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage to Mecca).

Common Only to Judaism and Christianity ● The belief in the Old Testament as a sacred text and the importance of prophets, including Adam, Abraham, and Moses.

Common to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam ● The belief in one God as the creator of the universe, and the belief in the Day of Judgment and the afterlife.

Common Only to Islam and Christianity ● The belief in the continuation of prophets after the Hebrew scriptures were written.

Unique to Christianity ● The belief that Jesus Christ is the son of God and the savior of humanity, and the importance of the New Testament as a sacred text.

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Answer:

the dude above/below me is right

Explanation:

• china and the Soviet union (Russia)

Answer:

b is the answer

Explanation:

isn't it so cool

After Deng Xiaoping took control in 1976, China underwent a dramatic transformation.

He implemented a series of market-oriented economic reforms, known as the “Four Modernizations,” which shifted China away from a centrally planned economy and towards a more open market system. This shift resulted in an unprecedented period of economic growth and modernization, resulting in the country becoming an economic superpower.

The economic reforms  also led to an increased focus on foreign investment and foreign trade, as well as an increased emphasis on technological innovation and the development of new industries. Additionally, Deng Xiaoping’s reforms opened up the Chinese political system, leading to greater rights and freedoms for the Chinese people. This included the rise of civil society and a loosening of restrictions on the media. Ultimately, Deng Xiaoping’s reforms transformed China from a largely agrarian society to a modern global power.

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From 1865 until 1877, a number of US administrations tried to reconstruct society, particularly in the former Confederate states, by establishing and upholding the legal rights of the newly freed black population. Reconstruction is the term used to describe this time.

The abolition of slavery (13th amendment), the granting of equal citizenship (14th amendment), and the giving of the ability to vote (15th amendment), all within a five-year time frame, brought about the most drastic and quick social and political upheaval in American history.

Reconstruction typically consists of three stages: the wartime period, the presidential phase, and the radical or Congressional phase, which came to an end with the Compromise of 1877, when the U.S. government withdrew the last of its soldiers from the southern states, bringing an end to the Reconstruction era.

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Answer:

Have a Nice Bast Day : )

The addition of three words grouped together has no impact on the outcome.-  associative property

Switching the sequence in which the two terms are added has no impact on the outcome.-  commutative property

A sum is multiplied by a number in the same way that each addend is multiplied by the same number, and the two results are then added.- Distributive

The commutative property states that while adding or multiplying, values may be exchanged or moved about, and the outcome will still be the same. Essentially, the sequence doesn't matter whether adding or multiplying.

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The North Vietnamese Army (NVA) and the Viet Cong (VC) had access to a variety of weapons, including land mines and other bombs.

They were provided with weapons and materials through a combination of numerous sources. These included Chinese and Soviet support, capture of weapons from South Vietnamese forces, manufacturing of homemade weapons, and smuggling of weapons through Cambodia and Laos.

In addition, the NVA and VC had access to a variety of weapons, including mines and bombs, captured from US forces during the Vietnam War. These weapons were then used to great effect to defend against US and South Vietnamese forces.

Ultimately, the combination of external support and smuggling of weapons, along with the capture of weapons from US and South Vietnamese forces, allowed the NVA and VC to have access to a variety of weapons, including land mines and bombs.

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There have been many trends that have affected international trade and competition over the years, including globalization, technological advancements

There have been many trends that have affected international trade and competition over the years, including globalization, technological advancements, changes in consumer behavior, and government policies. These trends have had both positive and negative effects on U.S businesses and workers.

On the one hand, they have opened up new markets and opportunities for businesses to expand and increase profits. On the other hand, they have also led to increased competition from foreign businesses and outsourcing of jobs to other countries, which has resulted in job losses and wage stagnation for some U.S workers.

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The two main wars discussed in class were the War of American Independence (also known as the American Revolutionary War), which began in 1775 and lasted until 1783, and the Seven Years War, which began in 1756 and lasted until 1763.

The correct option is D.

The American colonies declared their independence from the British Empire in 1776, and since then, a number of wars have been fought to help establish their political independence. Both of these wars helped to weaken the British Empire and ultimately led to the American colonies gaining their independence.

The War of 1812, which began in 1812 and lasted until 1815, was also discussed in class and was fought in part to ensure the United States’ political independence from Britain. All three of these wars were instrumental in helping to establish the political independence of the American colonies from the British Empire.

The correct option is D.

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The Kansas-Nebraska Act caused widespread controversy and violence as pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers moved into the Kansas territory and fought for control.

While the Missouri Compromise had established a clear boundary between free and slave states, the Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed for the expansion of slavery into new territories.

The Kansas-Nebraska Act was a law passed by the United States Congress in 1854, which created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and allowed the settlers in those territories to determine through popular sovereignty whether they would allow slavery within their borders.

The act effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which prohibited slavery in territories north of the 36°30' parallel. The situation became known as "Bleeding Kansas," and it ultimately contributed to the start of the American Civil War.

The effects of the Kansas-Nebraska Act were significantly different from those of the Missouri Compromise. The act also resulted in the creation of two rival governments in Kansas, one pro-slavery and one anti-slavery, and led to violent confrontations between the two sides.

The Kansas-Nebraska Act ultimately contributed to the breakdown of the political compromise over slavery that had been in place since the early 19th century, leading to increasing tensions between the North and South and the eventual outbreak of the Civil War.

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Thomas Aquinas founded the Dominican order, an order of preachers known for their commitment to preaching, education, and intellectual pursuits within the Catholic Church.

The Dominican Order was founded by Thomas Aquinas, a well-known Catholic philosopher and theologian who made major intellectual achievements. He failed to locate the Dominicans, though. Saint Dominic established the Dominican Order, sometimes referred to as the Order of Preachers (O.P. ), at the beginning of the 13th century.

In his writings, such as Summa Theologiae, Aquinas, a Dominican, demonstrated the order's focus on preaching, education, and the fusion of faith and reason in philosophy and theology.

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The correct question will be: Who founded the Dominican Order and what were its core values?

New states were created as a result of the redistribution of political boundaries following the departure of the colonial powers. Redrawing the boundaries led to conflict in addition to population relocation.

There were a number of movements. Some people, such as Mohandas Gandhi, used nonviolence. Others, like the Shining Path in Peru, on the other hand, have used violence against individuals to further their political objectives.

Progress on the Right Nationalism is a concept and a movement that works to advance the interests of a nation, especially when it comes to establishing and maintaining the nation's sovereignty (self-governance) over its own land. A nation is the sole legal source of political power (popular sovereignty), a nation is the natural and ideal basis for a polity, and each country should be permitted to govern itself without outside interference.

Throughout history, several nationalistic movements have arisen as a result of various interpretations of the term "nation". In contrast to ethnic nationalism, which defines the country in terms of a common citizenship, values, and institutions, civic nationalism, which is linked to constitutional patriotism, defines the country in terms of a common ethnicity, heritage, and culture. Despite the fact that people have always had a connection to their family, traditions, territorial government, and country of origin, nationalism did not become a widely held belief until the end of the 18th century. One of three viewpoints can be used to comprehend nationalism's foundations and guiding ideas.

According to primordialism (perennialism), there have always been countries and nationalism is a normal occurrence. Ethnosymbolism emphasizes the significance of symbols, myths, and traditions in the history of countries and nationalism and explains nationalism as a dynamic, evolutionary phenomena.

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Pirates involved in the East Asian maritime trade were most likely to base their activities in areas such as the South China Sea and the coastal regions of Southeast Asia.

These locations provided strategic positions for attacking trade routes, ample hiding spots, and opportunities for establishing networks with local communities. Pirates involved in the East Asian maritime trade were most likely to base their activities in the South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca. These areas were known for their busy trade routes and numerous ports, making it easier for pirates to attack and plunder merchant ships. Additionally, the local geography provided natural hiding spots for pirate ships and their loot. The prevalence of piracy in these regions was a major concern for the various empires and kingdoms that controlled the trade routes, leading to various attempts to curb piracy through naval patrols and treaties.

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Pirates involved in the East Asian maritime trade were most likely to base their activities in strategic locations such as the Strait of Malacca, the South China Sea, and the coastal areas of China, Japan, and Southeast Asia.

The Strait of Malacca, located between the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, was a critical chokepoint for trade between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea. As a result, it attracted numerous pirates who preyed on the ships passing through.

The South China Sea, a semi-enclosed sea bordered by several Southeast Asian countries, was another hotspot for piracy due to its busy trade routes and abundance of hiding spots in the archipelago.

Similarly, the coastal areas of China, Japan, and Southeast Asia were prime locations for pirate activity. China's coastal waters, especially around the Fujian and Guangdong provinces, attracted pirates due to their close proximity to major trade routes and ports.

In Japan, pirates known as "wokou" operated along the coastal areas, targeting Japanese and Chinese shipping. Lastly, the Southeast Asian archipelago, with its multitude of islands and straits, provided an ideal environment for piracy, allowing them to launch surprise attacks and quickly retreat to safe havens.

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During the mid-1800s, the economic activity that was most important in northern states was shipping manufactured goods to other regions. The correct option is d.

The economic activity that was most widespread in the United States in the early 1800s is farming, which remained the main economic activity. It moved west with settlement. Inventions, such as the cotton gin, encouraged planters to grow even more crops. Cotton accounted for over half of all American exports during the first half of the 19th century. The cotton market supported America's ability to borrow money from abroad. It also fostered an enormous domestic trade in agricultural products from the West and manufactured goods from the East.

After 1800, cotton became the chief crop in southern plantations, and the chief American export.

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Answer:

The California gold rush contributed to the civil war by increasing tensions between the North and South over the issue of slavery in newly acquired territories. The discovery of gold in California also led to a population boom and increased demand for land, which further fueled debates over whether these new territories should allow slavery or not.

Explanation:

Answer:

Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), also known as "Star Wars," was a proposed missile defense system designed to shoot down incoming ballistic missiles in space. The idea behind SDI was to create a defensive shield that would render nuclear weapons "impotent and obsolete," and thereby make the concept of nuclear deterrence obsolete as well.

On the other hand, nuclear deterrence is a strategy of using the threat of nuclear retaliation to deter an adversary from attacking. The idea is that if a country knows that it will suffer devastating consequences in the event of a nuclear attack, it will be deterred from launching such an attack in the first place.

The key difference between SDI and nuclear deterrence is that SDI is a defensive strategy, while nuclear deterrence is an offensive strategy. SDI was designed to protect the United States from incoming ballistic missiles, whereas nuclear deterrence relies on the threat of offensive nuclear retaliation to prevent an attack from occurring in the first place.

Another key difference is that SDI was a departure from traditional arms control and disarmament efforts, which had focused on limiting the number of nuclear weapons in existence. SDI was seen by some as a way to undermine arms control efforts, and to potentially trigger a new arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union.

In summary, Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative plan was different from the strategy known as nuclear deterrence in that it was a defensive strategy based on developing a missile defense system, while nuclear deterrence is an offensive strategy based on the threat of nuclear retaliation to prevent an attack.

The three men in the picture are Emperor Hirohito of Japan, Benito Mussolini of Italy, and Adolf Hitler of Germany.

They represent their respective countries of Japan, Italy, and Germany.

Emperor Hirohito ascended to the throne in Japan in 1926 after the death of his father, Emperor Taishō. He held a ceremonial role and did not actively participate in the government, but his symbolic status as the emperor played a significant role in Japanese society.

Benito Mussolini came to power in Italy through a fascist coup in 1922. He capitalized on the widespread dissatisfaction with the post-World War I economic and political situation, and his Fascist Party eventually gained enough support to seize power and establish a totalitarian regime.

Adolf Hitler rose to power in Germany through the Nazi Party. He used propaganda, political maneuvering, and the economic and social unrest following World War I to gain support. In 1933, Hitler was appointed as Chancellor of Germany, and he eventually consolidated power, becoming the dictator of Nazi Germany.

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European port cities involved in the slave industry:

African ports where most captives were traded:

Elmina, present-day Ghana

Goree Island, present-day Senegal

Luanda, present-day Angola

Ouidah, present-day Benin

Badagry, present-day N/ige/ria

Goods traded and credit flow from Europe to West Africa:

Driving factors of the slave trade:

Three-part journey of the triangular trade:

The Middle Passage:

Negative impact of the international slave trade on Africa:

Social and political changes in Africa as a result of the slave trade:

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See text below

* List the European port cities involved in the slave industry-

* List the African ports where most captives were traded-

* Describe what goods were traded; how did credit flow from Europe to West Africa?

*What were the driving factors of the slave trade?

* Describe the three-part journey of the triangular trade-

* Explain the Middle Passage; what experiences are portrayed?

Go back to the main page and click on "Impact of the Slave Trade on Africa"

* Describe the negative impact of the international slave trade on Africa

*What social and political changes took place in Africa as a result of the practice?

Answer:

European port cities involved in the slave industry:Lisbon, PortugalBristol, EnglandLiverpool, EnglandNantes, FranceAmsterdam, NetherlandsLondon, EnglandWhat are the European port?African ports where most captives were traded:Elmina, present-day GhanaGoree Island, present-day SenegalLuanda, present-day AngolaOuidah, present-day BeninBadagry, present-day N/ige/riaGoods traded and credit flow from Europe to West Africa:European goods traded for slaves included textiles, firearms, alcohol, and other manufactured goods.Slaves were then traded in exchange for these goods, and credit flowed from Europe to West Africa through these transactions, with European merchants extending credit to African traders in exchange for slaves.Driving factors of the slave trade:Economic motives, including demand for labor in European colonies in the Americas and the Caribbean, and profits from the sale of slaves.Racism and prejudice, as Africans were considered inferior and treated as commodities for trade.European colonial expansion and the desire for dominance in the global trade networks.Political and social factors, including competition between European powers and the desire for wealth and power.Three-part journey of the triangular trade:The first leg involved the transportation of European goods to Africa in exchange for slaves.The second leg was the Middle Passage, where enslaved Africans were transported across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas, enduring horrific conditions onboard slave ships.The third leg involved the sale of enslaved Africans in the Americas, primarily to work on plantations or in mines, and the transportation of raw materials back to Europe.The Middle Passage:The Middle Passage was the grueling and inhumane journey of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean from Africa to the Americas.Enslaved Africans were packed tightly into slave ships, subjected to brutal conditions, including overcrowding, lack of sanitation, disease, and violence.Negative impact of the international slave trade on Africa:Loss of millions of people who were taken as slaves, resulting in depopulation and disruption of African societies.Economic disruption, as the slave trade undermined local economies and led to the loss of skilled labor.Social and cultural disruptions, including the breakdown of family structures and communities due to the forced separation of families and cultural loss.Social and political changes in Africa as a result of the slave trade:Changes in power dynamics, as some African kingdoms and societies gained wealth and power through participation in the slave trade, while others were weakened or destroyed.Cultural changes, including the loss of cultural practices, traditions, and languages due to the forced enslavement and displacement of African people.Social and demographic changes, including the disruption of family structures, communities, and gender roles.

Explanation:

The United States has a long history of supporting its abettors  in times of war.

This support can take  numerous forms, including military aid, intelligence sharing, and politic sweats. The U.S. has formal alliances with several countries,  similar as NATO, which obligates the U.S. to come to the defense of its abettors  if they're attacked. also, the U.S. has a vast military presence around the world, which can be used to support its

abettors  in times of conflict. still, the  position of support the U.S. provides to its abettors  in times of war can vary depending on the circumstances and the political climate at the time. Eventually, the U.S. will  probably continue to support its abettors  in times of war, but the nature and extent of that support will depend on a variety of factors.

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Scientists estimate that there have been approximately five major ice ages in the last billion years.

These ice ages are characterized by long periods of reduced temperatures and extensive glaciation on Earth. The five major ice ages include the Huronian, Cryogenian, Andean-Saharan, Karoo, and the current Quaternary ice age.

The Quaternary ice age began around 2.58 million years ago and continues to the present day. During ice ages, Earth experiences glacials and interglacials. Glacials are colder periods with increased ice coverage, while interglacials are warmer periods with less ice coverage. Currently, we are in an interglacial period called the Holocene epoch.

Understanding ice ages and their impacts on Earth's climate, geology, and ecosystems is crucial for scientists to comprehend the long-term climate variations and predict future climate changes. The study of ice ages also provides insights into the ways Earth's climate and biosphere have adapted and evolved over time.

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Scientists estimate that there have been approximately five major ice ages in the last billion years.

These ice ages are characterized by long periods of reduced temperatures and extensive glaciation on Earth. The five major ice ages include the Huronian, Cryogenian, Andean-Saharan, Karoo, and the current Quaternary ice age.The Quaternary ice age began around 2.58 million years ago and continues to the present day. During ice ages, Earth experiences glacials and interglacials. Glacials are colder periods with increased ice coverage, while interglacials are warmer periods with less ice coverage. Currently, we are in an interglacial period called the Holocene epoch.Understanding ice ages and their impacts on Earth's climate, geology, and ecosystems is crucial for scientists to comprehend the long-term climate variations and predict future climate changes. The study of ice ages also provides insights into the ways Earth's climate and biosphere have adapted and evolved over time.

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Under the head, the right system the greatest number of sections of land might be the top of a family at some point get is 1 to 1,000 sections of land (4.0 km2).

Among these regulations was an arrangement that any individual who got comfortable in Virginia or paid for the transportation costs of someone else who got comfortable in Virginia ought to be qualified to get fifty sections of land for every outsider. The option to get fifty sections of land for every individual, or per head, was known as a headright.

Ranch proprietors and landowners benefited most from the headright framework when they moved captives to their property while acquiring enormous lots of land.

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The greatest amount of land that the head of a family might get under the head right system varied based on the particular system in use.

Under the head right system, the maximum number of acres of land that the head of a family could receive varied depending on the specific system in place. For example, in colonial Virginia, the head of a household could receive 50 acres of land per person they brought with them to the colony. Therefore, a family of four could receive up to 200 acres of land. However, in other systems, the maximum amount of land granted could be different.

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Answer: NATO, or the North Atlantic Treaty Organization was created to attempt to counter the Soviet threat in case of a war.

Explanation: Hope this helps :)

According to Kennan, the most notable characteristics of the Russian past are the deep roots of authoritarianism and the lack of experience with democratic institutions.

He also highlights the strong influence of the Orthodox Church, leading to the fusion of spiritual and temporal power, the persistent sense of insecurity and the expansionist tendencies of Russia.

Additionally, Kennan notes the central role of the collective rather than the individual, which can be traced back to the traditional Slavic social structures.

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The fossil Sahelanthropus tchandesis from the Djurab Desert of Chad, dated at 6-7 million years ago, may be a hominin because of its distinct features from other known hominins.

Hominins are a group of primates that include modern humans and our extinct ancestors, as well as other closely related species. One of the main characteristics that suggest Sahelanthropus tchandesis may be a hominin is its skull structure. Specifically, the position of the foramen magnum, which is the opening in the skull through which the spinal cord passes, is located directly underneath the skull.

Other features of the skull also suggest that Sahelanthropus tchandesis is a hominin. For example, the shape of the braincase is more similar to that of later hominins than to that of chimpanzees or other non-hominin primates. Additionally, the teeth of Sahelanthropus tchandesis are more similar to those of hominins than to those of other primates.

Overall, the combination of these features suggests that Sahelanthropus tchandesis may be a hominin, and is an important discovery in the study of human evolution. However, further research and analysis is necessary to fully understand the significance of this fossil and its place in our evolutionary history.

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