Answer:
All living cells release energy from food molecules through cellular respiration and/or fermentation. Some cells make food molecules using light energy through the process of photosynthesis. lol
Place the following labels in the proper position to designate what effect each condition would have on membrane physiology.
Categories:
1) Makes RMP (Resting Membrane Potential) Less Negative
2) Influences the Ability of the Cell to Repolarize
3) Influences the Ability of the Cell to Depolarize
Place in the three categories above:
a) Voltage regulated potassium channels are blocked
b) Decreased concentration of leaky potassium channels in the membrane
c) Acetylcholine esterase concentration is decreased
d) ATP stores are declining through mitochondrial poison (arsenic)
e) The size of the synaptic cleft is increased
f) Hyperhydration (high water concentration in ECF)
g) Release of excitatory neurotransmitter by a presynaptic input is blocked
h) Hyponatremia (low ECF sodium)
i) Neurotransmitter synthesis is compromised due to Golgi dysfunction in the presynaptic neuron
j) Increased concentration of leaky sodium channels in the membrane
Answer:
1. B, D and J.
2. A and C.
3. E, F, G, H, AND I.
Explanation:
A cell can be defined as the fundamental or basic functional, structural and smallest unit of life for all living organisms. Some living organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular in nature. A unicellular organism refers to a living organism that possess a single-cell while a multicellular organism has many (multiple) cells.
A membrane is a thin layer which forms the wall of the cell and typically controls what leaves and enters the cell.
Some of the effects of various biological conditions on membrane physiology are;
1. Makes RMP (Resting Membrane Potential) Less Negative: this simply means that it decreases RMP;
Decreased concentration of leaky potassium channels in the membrane. ATP stores are declining through mitochondrial poison (arsenic). Increased concentration of leaky sodium channels in the membrane.2. Influences the Ability of the Cell to Repolarize;
Voltage regulated potassium channels are blocked. Acetylcholine esterase concentration is decreased.3. Influences the Ability of the Cell to Depolarize;
The size of the synaptic cleft is increased. Hyperhydration (high water concentration in ECF). Release of excitatory neurotransmitter by a presynaptic input is blocked. Hyponatremia (low ECF sodium).Neurotransmitter synthesis is compromised due to Golgi dysfunction in the presynaptic neuron.The primitive streak eventually becomes what system?
Answer:
becomes the definitive endoderm
During Prophase I replicated homologous chromosomes pair up and undergo synapsis. What testable question is generated regarding synapsis and genetic variability by Figure 1?
Answer:
A
Explanation:
the larger the loci distance the more chances there is for a crossing voer to occur.
Kelli's earplugs fall out while visiting a very loud factory. Which could likely happen to Kelli?
damage to the outer ear
damage to the middle ear
increased hearing ability
earwax buildup
In the given case, falling of earplugs while visiting a loud factory could result in the damage to the middle ear.
How the middle ear can damage?Rupture in the eardrum, that is, a thin tissue, which separates the ear canal from the middle ear can cause damage in the middle ear. The middle ear damage can lead to hearing loss. Rupture in the eardrum can also make the middle ear susceptible to infections.
Middle ear damage can result due to:
Otitis media or middle ear infectionStress imparted on the eardrum Sudden loud sound or blast from a very loud factory or gunshotSevere head traumaTherefore, in the given case, due to fall-out of earplugs of Kelli while visiting a very loud factory could result in damage to the middle ear.
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Base from your opinion, why we need to study the beginning of the universe? Give at least five reasons.
Answer:
To know the origin of life, to have an idea of our ancestors, to be aware of the immensity of the universe, for informational reasons and to respect nature.
Explanation:
Many scientists and psychologists affirm that it is very complex for the human mind to understand the cycle of life and the origin of the universe, due to its immensity.
This is how it is necessary to be in constant scientific updating so as not to transmit false information and unravel human myths that are generated by lack of understanding of life-death.
which cell is a plant cell and how do u know
Answer: B
Explanation: Its B becuase a plant cell has to contain a lot of things inside of it so it would be larger then A. If you look at the the ways they look (B and a plant cell) you'll see that B looks more like it.
1. Tina is a microbiology student using an HOL kit for her online course. She shares a small apartment with her two cats, and has a full time job across town. Suggest two potential locations in the apartment for Tina to store the lab materials and incubate cultures. Explain why these locations are appropriate choices for Tina.
Answer:
A cabinet and a small closet.
Explanation:
A cabinet and a small closet are the best locations to incubate cultures because these location are safe from the cats interaction with the microbial culture. A cabinet consist of a cupboard with shelves or drawers for storing things. Closet is a tall cupboard which is used for storage things so due to height the cats can't reach to these place so the culture is safe.
Which of the following describes a non-sense mutation?
A.Base pair change results in a premature stop codon; protein is nonfunctional.
B.Base is changed but the resulting amino acid is the same as in the non mutant DNA. No outward changes
.
C.A base is either added or deleted and causes the codons to be read incorrectly.
D.Base pair change results in a different amino acid; this may or may not affect the protein that result.
Answer:
A.Base pair change results in a premature stop codon; protein is nonfunctional.
Explanation:
Mutation, generally, refers to any change that occurs to the genetic sequence of a DNA. It can occur in different forms, hence, has different types. One particular type is the base pair substitution mutation, which involves the replacement of one or more nucleotide base by another in a sequence.
Base pair substitution can either result in one of the following namely: silent, missense, and nonsense. In NONSENSE mutation, the replacement of bases in the sequence causes the translation process to stop because a STOP CODON is prematurely encountered. Hence, the protein is non-functional.
which of the following is a correct statement about the event of the cell cycle
Answer:
The answer which is a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle is 4) Interphase consists of the G1, S phase, and G2 phase - it also consists of G0 phase, but that is not included in this option
Answer:
i/d/k
Explanation:
which biomolecule contains your genetics
Answer:
Nucleic Acids
Explanation:
These molecules contain the genetic code, which has all the information necessary to build the body. The basic unit is called a nucleotide, which is composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone attached to one of four nitrogenous bases; cytosine, guanine, adenine or thymine.
Which of the following best describes the function of the immune system's response to bacterial invasion of the extracellular fluid?
a. a system that produces swelling and redness at the site of infection in order to flush out bacteria from the extracellular fluid
b. a system that inhibits the production of antibodies and histamine, resulting in bacterial death
c. a system that uses only intracellular chemicals to destroy invading bacteria
d. a system that enhances the destruction of bacteria through the activation of mast cells, lymphocytes, and phagocytes
Answer:
d. a system that enhances the destruction of bacteria through the activation of mast cells, lymphocytes, and phagocytes
Explanation:
Mast cells are white blood cells (i.e., lymphocytes) that form part of the immune system. These cells form part of the first line of defense against pathogenic organisms. Some of the most important phagocytic cells that function to protect the body by ingesting pathogenic agents (e.g., harmful bacteria) include mast cells, monocytes, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells. In this regard, it is important to highlight that mast cells are similar to basophil granulocytes (another type of lymphocyte), and they are derived from hematopoietic stem cells.
Which of the following activities were asked about when determining activity level?
a. stretching and flexibility.
b. specific exercises like running, swimming, and biking.
c. moderate household chores.
d. resistance (weight) training.
e. sedentary activities like watching TV and computer use.
f. moderate exercise that causes increased heart and breathing rate.
Answer:
b. and f.
Explanation:
The two main categories of activities that are asked about are specific exercises like running, swimming, and biking. As well as moderate exercise that causes increased heart and breathing rate. These are asked about because they are separate physical activities from an individual's everyday life whether it is done as a hobby or for health reasons. They tend to influence the physical status and are therefore important when determining activity level. Other tasks are usually not included since they are considered normal for survival as everyday tasks.
As per the observation, the correct answers about the determining activity level are options:
b. specific exercises like running, swimming, biking, and f. moderate exercise that causes increased heart and breathing rate.
The primary classes of sports which are requested approximately are unique sporting activities like running, swimming, and biking. As properly a slight workout that reasons expanded coronary heart and respiration rate.
These are requested approximately due to the fact they're separate bodily sports from an individual's regular lifestyles whether or not it's miles executed as an interest or for fitness reasons. They have a tendency to steer the bodily reputation and are consequently critical while figuring out pastime level. Other responsibilities are typically now no longer covered because they're taken into consideration every day for survival as regular responsibilities.
What is the activity level?There are three essential approaches to describing the depth of an activity – vigorous, moderate, and gentle.
Thus it is clear that the following activities were asked about when determining activity levels were b. specific exercises like running, swimming, and biking. f. moderate exercise that causes increased heart and breathing rate.
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Using a total of only five organs, design a digestive system that can absorb the maximum number of Calories from the apple. Describe your system below.
Answer:
Mouth, Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum and blood capillaries
Explanation:
The five organs could be
A) mouth
B) small intestine: small intestine has three parts: the duodenum (attached to the stomach), the jejunum (the middle portion)
C) Large intestine
D) rectum and
E) placed capillaries and lymphatic vessels on the small intestine.
Digestion is a process in which breakdown of food molecules occurs, which provide nutrients to the body.
Digestion of an appleThe organs included in the digestion of an apple are :
Mouth: The apple cut down into smaller pieces by teeth. The saliva present in the mouth breakdown the starch present in the apple.Stomach: The stomach contain digestive juices like hydrochloric acid and other gastric juices. These juices mix with the apple.Duodenum : In duodenum, the breakdown of starch molecule happens.Ileum : Small finger like structure present in the organ called villi, which absorb sugar particles and vitamins and minerals present in the apple.Colon : The undigested waste travels through the colon and goes to another organ that is rectum.Rectum : The indigestive waste material went out from the body through rectum.These are the organs which can absorb the maximum number of Calories from the apple.
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Which of the following is NOT one of the three reactants needed for a green plant to make its own food.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
If a plant is considered “drought-resistant“ does it require more or less water to perform photosynthesis?
Answer:
Less water.
Explanation:
If the plant is "drought-resistant" then that should mean less water is required for the plant to perform photosynthesis.
In pea plants purple flowers are dominant to white flowers.
If two white flowered plants are cross, what percentage of their
offspring will be white flowered?
Answer:
100%
Explanation:
This question involves a single gene coding for flower color in pea plants. The allele for purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers (p). This means that purple color will be expressed in a heterozygous state.
According to this question, If two white flowered plants are cross i.e. pp × pp, the following gametes will be produced by each of the parent: p and p. Using these gametes in a punnet square (see attached image), ALL (100%) of the offsprings will be white colored (pp).
Therefore, 100% of the offsprings will be white flowered.
What is the function of the sepal?
Answer: like a Nepenthes Alata
Explanation :The sepal is a defensive organ that encloses and protects the developing reproductive structures. At maturity, the sepal opens when the flower blooms. The outer sepal epidermis
The second farmer used Technique B: Used a genetically modified variety of corn. The plant produces an insecticide which selectively kills only the moth larvae as it feeds on the corn. What is a likely impact on the farmer of growing such a variety of corn?
A) The financial costs for the farmer would be lowered since LESS crops would be lost to pests.
B)The financial costs for the farmer would be lowered since MORE crops would be lost to pests.
C) The farmer may be held responsible for increasing chemical pollution.
D) The farmer's expenses for pest control would increase due to an increase in bee population.
Answer:
A) The financial costs for the farmer would be lowered since LESS crops would be lost to pests.
Explanation:
Planting of variety with a resistance strain to pest is one of the gene modification that occurs in plants, this has greatly help farmers improve on productivity, reducing the amount of money spent on controlling insect pest invasion on their farm.
Because the crop is resistant to pest no extra cost of purchasing chemicals to control pest on the farm and the number of damage to crop will be reduce in turn reducing the amount of plant lost to pest invasion this will lower the financial cost of the farmer and also an increase productivity.
A study is being done to test the effects of temperature on the number of microbial colonies. Four different incubators are set up, each at a different temperature with one culture plate in each. Each plate has the same nutrient content, pH, and are inoculated with microorganism samples from the same source. At the end of the experiment, the number of colonies on each plate is counted. What is the independent variable
Answer:
The correct answer is - the different temperatures of incubators.
Explanation:
An independent variable is a variable in a study or research which is manipulated or changed to check or find the effect on the dependent variable. The independent variable is the only factor that changes in research while other factors remain constant that can affect the result in the study.
In this case or study, there is the only factor that is manipulated is the temperature of incubators is manipulated to see the effect of temperature on the number of microbial colonies. Thus, the different temperatures of incubators is the independent variable here.
gizmo weathering answer key activity B
How long can a bearded dragon spend on a car ride without uvb.
tRNA brings amino acids to the
Answer:
Ribosomes ( a type of organelle)
Explanation:
tRNA brings amino acids to the Ribosomes
Hope this helped!
Have a supercalifragilisticexpialidocious day!
why is the thalamus referred to as the gateway to the cortex
Answer:
The thalamus is known as the 'gateway' to the cerebral cortex, since most ascending sensory pathways relay in one of its nuclei in order to reach their cortical targets.
Plants will grow more when the day is longer
is this supposed to be a true and false question... or is this a statement you were making...
True or False: Magnetism is a force that can't be seen; however, the effects of magnetism can be made visible.
Answer: True
Explanation:
Select the facts that support the endosymbiotic theory. Check All That Apply Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA. Mitochondria and chloroplasts often leave cells, surviving well on their own. Mitochondria and chloroplasts often leave cells, surviving well on their own. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by two membranes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by two membranes. Mitochondria are about the same size as most bacteria.
Answer:
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by two membranes
Mitochondria are about the same size as most bacteria
Explanation:
The endosymbiotic theory, also known as symbiogenesis, is a theory that explains how eukaryotic organisms have been formed from prokaryotic cells. This theory holds that eukaryotic organisms originated from prokaryotic organisms that engulfed another prokaryotic cell, creating thus an organism with multiple membranes. In consequence, eukaryotic organelles, including mitochondria and chloroplasts, would have evolved from these prokaryotic endosymbionts. Moreover, both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own genes which are localized in a circular chromosome, thereby supporting an endosymbiotic origin of both organelles. Finally, bacterial cells have 1 to 10 microns in length, while mitochondria have a similar size, thereby also supporting an endosymbiotic origin of this organelle.
What do we still need to know in order to determine why the two rock formations have such similar minerals?
Answer and Explanation:
Rock is defined as the collection of one or more minerals. Granite, sedimentary rock, igneous rock, metamorphic rock and limestone are the types of rock. Granite is the most common type of rock. Granite is made up of four minerals such as hornblende, feldspar, quartz and mica. Granite breaks down to form sedimentary rocks. Igneous rock begins as magma. The lava and magma harden to form igneous rock. Metamorphic rocks are made from pressure. Rocks are made of one or more minerals, which are cooled and melted together, cemented together, or heated and squeezed together. The mineral occurs naturally and is made of crystals. The earth’s crust is made of rocks. Most rocks are covered by soil. Soil contains the small pieces of rocks. The two rocks have similar composition but different texture. Rocks are formed in different ways. The rocks can be changed from one form to another.
how has technological change contributed to global warming what is one problem that scientists think global warming may cause for society?
Answer:
the technological change contributed to global warming because many of the newer tecnoligical advancments have required that more products be used in ways that hurt the environment and the way their made require more products to burn and turn into smoke that contributes to the glbal warming issue.
Explanation:
As technology has advanced, a number of technological gadgets have been made available to consumers, which increase energy consumption, directly burning more fossil fuels leading to Global warming.
What is Global Warming?Global warming is defined as the gradual increase in the temperature of the Earth due to the greenhouse effect due to increased levels of carbon dioxide, CFCs and other pollutants.
The change has disturbed the climate pattern of the earth, while the concept of global warming is quite hectic but scientists have provided relevant data in support of the fact that the temperature of the earth is increasing continuously.
The causes of Global Warming are as follows:
Man-made causes:
1. Deforestation
2. Use of vehicles
3. Agriculture, etc.
Natural causes:
1.Volcanoes
2. Water vapor, etc.
Thus, as technology has advanced, a number of technological gadgets have been made available to consumers, which increase energy consumption, directly burning more fossil fuels leading to Global warming.
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Which organelle/part of the cell would say this if it could speak? Sometimes I feel bloated with all the water I store.
1)nucleus
2)cell membrane
3)mitochondria
4)cytoplasm
5)vacuole
Reconstruct the phylogeny that most simply and accurately accounts for the distribution of synapomorphies among ingroup species. Given matrices as small and simple as the above example, one can "build" the tree from the bottom up in a series of sketches, adding clades or branches representing groups with the fewest synapomorphies near the base of the tree and those with the most at the tips. Using the unlabeled phylogeny as a starting point, draw the stepwise construction of a fully resolved phylogeny to account for all of the synapomorphies, and include the synapomorphies that identify each clade (the first one, character 2, is included to get you started; this is shared by all members of the ingroup).
Complete question:
1). Determine the character states for the following six characters that are present in species OG, 5, 7, 15, 17, 18. Assign the character state found in the outgroup (OG) as a 0 and the alternative derived state a 1; use only two states per character. Example, stem width: 0 = thin, / = thick 1 (Characters and plant species image in the attached files)
2). Score each taxon using the 0 and 1 notation about and add to this matrix (Matrix in the attached files)
4). Reconstruct the phylogeny that most simply and accurately accounts for the distribution of synapomorphies among ingroup species. Given matrices as small and simple as the above example, one can build the tree from the bottom up in a series of sketches, adding clades or branches representing groups with the fewest synapomorphies near the base of the tree and those with the most at the tips. Using the unlabeled phylogeny as a starting point, draw the stepwise construction of a fully resolved phylogeny to account for all of the synapomorphies and include the synapomorphies that identify each clade (the first one, character 2, is included to get you started; this is shared by all members of the ingroup) (Tree in the attached files)
Answer:
Characters: Stem width: Thick-1 // Thin-0 Leaf edge (shape): Pointed-1 // Blunt-0 Flower base (shape): Narrow-0 // Wide-1 Flower orientation: Downward (Pendant)-1 // Upward (Vertical)-0 Petal color: Purple-1 // Yellow-0 Fruit shape (inset on card, on left): Round-0 // Elongated-1Complete Matrix in the attached filesOrder in the phylogeny reconstruction: OG --> 7 --> 5 --> 15 --> 17 and 18 (tree + evolutive changes in the attached files)Explanation:
NOTE: You will find the complete activity in the attached files.
The principle of maximum parsimony or maximum simplicity states that among all possible trees within a group of species, the most probable is the one that requires us to postulate the least number of evolutionary changes. So, to reconstruct a phylogeny we need to choose the tree that requires the less number of changes. To determine the character states for all the six characters, we assigned the number cero to all the characters expressed in the out-group. Thin steam, blunt leaf, narrow flower base, upward flower orientation, yellow petals, and rounded-seeds are all cero states. The other characters are 1.The above information of character state was used to fill in the matrix, specifying which character state belongs to each species according to their traits. The matrix was useful to reconstruct the phylogeny, to identify the autapomorphic trait, and to visualize all the clades.