How do Earth's ecosystems resist the flow toward maximum entropy?
a. Plants and animals decompose after dying, which returns energy to an ecosystem.
b. Plants and animals store energy in ATP to prevent entropy.
c. Plants continually add energy to an ecosystem using photosynthesis, which converts the sun's energy into usable energy.
d. There are fewer animals at the top of the food chain to keep entropy in balance.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

c. Plants continually add energy to an ecosystem using photosynthesis, which converts the sun's energy into usable energy.

Explanation:

The first thermodynamic law states that energy does not create or destroy, it transforms. The total energy in an isolated system keeps invariable, but the quality of the energy (exergy) might vary.  The second thermodynamic law stated that if there is any process in a system there, the energy quality (exergy) must degrade.  Any real process might only proceed in one direction that conducts to an increase in entropy. Entropy: Thermodynamic magnitude that indicates the degree of the molecular disorder in a system.Exergy: Measure of the maximum capacity of an energy system to produce useful work from a certain energy amount, as it balances with its environment.

Ecosystems are the biotic, physical, and chemical components of nature, acting together as disipative processes out of balance. According to the second thermodynamic low, ecosystem development should increase the degradation of energy.  

Vegetable growth helps to capture solar energy and dissipate useful gradients. Many times, plants of many species are arranged in such a way that they increase together the foliar surface to optimize capture and energy degradation.  Most of the plants´ energy is destined to evapotranspiration, which is the main dissipative pathway in terrestrial ecosystems

The geographical distribution of species richness is highly correlated to the annual evapotranspiration potential. This relationship between species and exergy suggests a close link between biodiversity and dissipative processes. The more exergy is available among species, the more available energy degrading paths will be. Trophic levels and food chains are based on fixed photosynthetic material and the subsequent dissipation of those gradients. There will be a higher species´diversity in places where there is more available exergy.


Related Questions

Which list of lab equipment and tools is a complete list needed to heat a reaction in a beaker with high heat?

Answers

Answer:

Many instrument tools are used during experiment. These equipment are very important for an experiment.

Explanation:

In laboratory we conduct an experiment. For an experiment we needed many instrument and tools equipment to conduct a research. There are different type of equipment and tools to conduct an experiment.

These tools are such as:

Pippete or pipet: It is measuring graduated tube. It is used to transfer the precise volume.Test tube brush: These are the tools that are used to clean the glass. Test tube holder: It is a tool that is used to hold the tube over the heat.Erlenmeyer: It is bottle that have narrow neck and bottom is broad is used to mix the chemical. Beaker: It is a flat bottom jar used to transfer liquid and to carry o0ut the reactions. Test tubes: This is a narrow tube container that is used to contain the sample, for heating and reaction.

Which would best be described as abiotic?
water in a stream
fish in a stream
bacteria in the soil
roots in the soil

Answers

Answer:

I believe the answer is water in a stream

Explanation:

Answer:

The answer is A

Explanation:

I just took the test and got it right

Hopefully this helps you

pls mark brainlest

Can anyone help me with question 1 and 2 ?

Answers

Answer:

A is the substrate and B is the protein

Explanation:

Substrate: thing that is the initial part of a protein reaction

B is the thing that MODIFIES the substrate, the protein.

What is the purpose of statistical analysis?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation: Statistical analysis is the process of generating statistics from stored data and analyzing the results to deduce or infer meaning about the underlying dataset or the reality that it attempts to describe.

20. Name a structure that is located toward the dorsal side of the body, lateral and superior to the hamstring but inferior to the heart.

Answers

Answer:

The ilium

Explanation:

Comparing plant and animal cells.what are the errors in the table? Check all that apply

Answers

Answer:

There is no table but one difference is plant cells have a cell wall and a vacuole for holding waste animal cells dont have that

do parasites have cell walls

Answers

No they do not but they do have a membrane called a pellicle surrounding the cell

What is a major function of growth hormone?

Answers

The major role of growth hormone in stimulating body growth is to stimulate the liver and other tissues to secrete IGF-I. IGF-I stimulates proliferation of chondrocytes (cartilage cells), resulting in bone growth.

How can reading through the entire investigation before beginning the
"Procedure" help prevent accidents?

Answers

Reading through the entire investigation before beginning the procedure can help prevent accidents by giving you the knowledge of what to do beforehand and preparing you for what is to come.

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Is it a polymer or monomer

Answers

Answer:

matter

iriririririiririrrir

Josh the postmen has eleven red rubber bands. He gives Sunita three bands. Sunita now has twice the number of bands Josh has left. How many bands did Sunita have at the beginning?​

Answers

Answer:

13

Explanation:

We know that Josh starts with 11 rubber bands and gives away 3. This means that he now has 8 left (11-3=8). Sunita now has the extra 3 which means she now has twice the amount Josh has left. Since we know Josh has 8 left, we can work out that Sunita now has 16 (8x2=16). However this is not how many she had at the beginning as she recieved 3 from Josh. Therefore we can subtract 3 from her current number (16) to find here original number:

16-3= 13

Sunita had 13 rubber bands at the beginning.

Hope this helped!

please someone help me with this :,,,,,,)

Answers

Answer:

PhD pressure into height is eqala to density formula no sure

Answer:

the formula for density is Mass/volume

density is a measure of the amount of mass/matter that is packed into a specific object/volume

Explanation:

Describe how different types of models could be used to research a disease. Make a list of questions you would ask.

Answers

Answer:

A disease model is an animal or cells displaying of the pathological process that are observed in the actual human or animal disease.

Answer:

A disease model is an animal or cells displaying of the pathological process that are observed in the actual human or animal disease

Explanation:

What is carbon? Please write a paragraph, I'll mark u as brainliest

Answers

Answer:

HOPE THAT WILL HELP YOU

Answer:

Explanation:

Carbon is a chemical element. It is a non - metal and is solid at room temperature. It exists in many forms like graphite, diamond and graphene.  It's symbol is C. It's atomic number is 6. It makes up 0.025 % of the earth's crust. It has 6 protons, neutrons and electrons. Its valency is 4.

Hope this helps

plz mark as brainliest!!!!!!

Name the organelle and say how it is important for active transport. Give examples of cells where many of these organelles are found for active transport.

Answers

Cell membrane is the most important organ required for the active transportation. Active transportation requires cellular energy to achieve movement. In active transportation molecules move across cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to higher concentration.
Mitochondria, plasma membrane are examples of cells that are found in cell membrane.

Answer:

Cell membrane is the most important organ required for the active transportation. Active transportation requires cellular energy to achieve movement. In active transportation molecules move across cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to higher concentration.Mitochondria, plasma membrane are examples of cells that are found in cell membrane.

Explanation:

A red blood cell is *blank*
times as long as hemoglobin.

Answers

Answer:

empty hemoglobin

Explanation:

Why do adult stem cells currently have fewer uses in therapeutic cloning than embryonic stem cells? A. Adult stem cells have more restrictions that prevent them from reentering the cell cycle at the G0 stage. B. Embryonic stem cells have longer telomeres and persist for much longer than adult stem cells. C. Adult stem cells may become any type of cell, whereas embryonic stem cells may only become adult stem cells first. D. Embryonic stem cells may become any type of cell, whereas adult stem cells may only become a limited number of cell types

Answers

Answer:

Embryonic stem cells may become any type of cell, whereas adult stem cells may only become a limited number of cell types.

(Answer D)

$ 4000 in a mutual fund earns 12% every year. How much will the fund be worth in 20 years?

solve with exponential function ​

Answers

Answer:

44092.705

Explanation:

Initial amount = 4000

Rate of increase = 12%

Time or period = 20 years

Using the exponential function with the relation :

A = Po * e^rt

Where ; A = final amount ; r = rate ; t = period ; Po = Initial amount

A = 4000 × e^(0.12*20)

A = 4000 * e^(2.4)

A = 4000*11.023176

A = 44092.705

Can someone write a paragraph explaining Etiolation. PLEASEEEE

Answers

Etioliation means that you water plants that are planted in an area with little to no sunlight. This results in weak stems, smaller leaves, yellow color, etc. The seedlings that are grown in the dark are known as "skotomorphogenesis." Etiolation comes from something called "Auxin's" and Auxin's are moved from the top of the plant to the bottom which creates lateral buds. Typically, etiliation results in the chances being raised for the plant to receive sunlight but causes underiable symptoms.

Best of Luck!

In what ways are fats and steroids similar to each other, and in what ways are they different?

Answers

Answer:

fats and steroids are both lipids and I are both hydro Hill big fat our store energy from molecules and steroids function as a messenger around the cell membrane

Can earthquakes and volcanoes lead to landslides?

Answers

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

The force and vibration from an earthquake or volcano can cause a landslide. An earthquake can shake the ground vigorously and cause rocks and dirt on mountains to break apart and start to fall down, causing the landslide.

Anyone know the answer

Answers

Answer is D.
Photosynthesis in plants converts solar energy into chemical energy using electrons and protons from water. ... In the energy-transduction reactions, solar energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of two energy-transporting molecules, ATP and NADPH

Muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disease that weakens a person's muscles. Which main body systems would be involved in this disease? (1 point)
O nervous, muscular, and respiratory
O nervous, muscular, and vascular
O nervous, muscular, and urinary
nervous, muscular, and skeletal

Answers

Answer:

answer d is correct

Explanation:

The main body systems that would be involved in muscular dystrophy disease will be A. nervous, muscular, and respiratory.

Muscular dystrophy refers to the neuromuscular disease that weakens a person's muscles. This disease brings about weakness and the loss of muscle mass.

It should be noted that when a person has muscular dystrophy, there'll be abnormal genes that'll interfere with how the body system works which makes the person unhealthy.

It should be noted that when the muscles are weaker, the person affected will need a wheelchair or might have difficulties breathing. The disease affects the nervous, muscular, and respiratory systems.

In conclusion, surgery is needed to treat the person affected.

Read related link on:

https://brainly.com/question/3120293

What happens when pyruvate is converted to lactate?

Answers

Answer:

Conversion of pyruvate to lactate during redox reaction oxidizes NADH to NAD+

Explanation:

Pyruvate is converted to lactate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase under anaerobic condition.

Conversion of pyruvate to lactate during redox reaction oxidizes NADH to NAD+ . This is because every glucose molecule that will be converted into pyruvate, two NADH molecules are produced and there is need for the NADH molecules to be oxidised back to NAD+ to ensure the continuity and maintenance of glycolysis.

question 1. Carbohydrates consist of which of the following elements? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY)
A. Carbon
B. Hydrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Calcium\
question 2. Which of the following statements about carbohydrates are NOT true?
A. Your body uses carbohydrates to give you energy and keep everything going.
B. Carbohydrates can be referred to as simple or complex sugars.
C. Starch is an example of a simple carbohydrate.
D. Starch must be broken down through digestion before your body can use it as an energy source.
Question 3. Proteins are made up of smaller molecules called
A. starches.
B. amino acids.
C. monosaccharides
D. protein synthesis.
question 4. Choose all of the following statements that correctly explain what essential amino acids are:
A.It is essential that our diet provides these amino acids.


B.There are 20 essential amino acids.


C. Peanut butter on wheat bread is an example of a combination of foods that you can mix together to obtain the essential amino acids.


D. Can be considered as saturated or unsaturated.

Answers

Answer:

Carbohydrates consist of which of the following elements? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY)

Question 1 options:

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Calcium

Question 2 (2 points)

Saved

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates are NOT true?

Question 2 options:

Your body uses carbohydrates to give you energy and keep everything going.  

Carbohydrates can be referred to as simple or complex sugars.  

Starch is an example of a simple carbohydrate.  

Starch must be broken down through digestion before your body can use it as an energy source.

Question 3 (2 points)

Saved

Proteins are made up of smaller molecules called

Question 3 options:

starches.

amino acids.

monosaccharides.

protein synthesis.

Question 4 (2 points)

Saved

Choose all of the following statements that correctly explain what essential amino acids are:

Question 4 options:

It is essential that our diet provides these amino acids.  

There are 20 essential amino acids.

Peanut butter on wheat bread is an example of a combination of foods that you can mix together to obtain the essential amino acids.

Can be considered as saturated or unsaturated.

Question 5 (1 point)

Saved

Nutritionists measure the amount of energy in food in Calories. According to the article, fats contain the highest number of Calories.

Question 5 options:

True

False

Explanation:

All the bolded ones aqre correct sorry for lateness just finished test.

Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Starch is not an example of simple carbohydrates. Proteins are made up of amino acids. There are 20 essential amino acids.

What are biomolecules?

The nearly 30 trillion cells that make up the human body work together to carry out each of the vital processes of life. Numerous chemical compounds found inside the cells enable them to carry out these vital functions. Biomolecules are the name given to these chemical compounds.

Biomolecules come in a broad variety of shapes and sizes and are engaged in a huge variety of biological processes. They are made up of more than 25 naturally occurring elements, with carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur serving as the main ones.

Biomolecule production involves carbon compounds significantly. They combine covalently to create a number of different chemicals. When functional groups like alcohols, amines, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic groups are used to replace hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbons, certain biomolecules are referred to be derivatives of hydrocarbons.

Therefore the correct options are 1) A, B, and C; 2) C; 3) B; 4) B.

Read more about biomolecules, here

https://brainly.com/question/5560087

#SPJ2

If a patient complained of a "stomach ache" and pointed to the umbilical region as the site of discomfort, which organs located in this region might be the source of the pain?​

Answers

Answer:

Part of large intestine, small intestine, pancreas, spleen.

When electrons transfer from one atom to another both atom become

Answers

Answer:

i think protons?

Explanation:

im not to sure, but i t h i n k protons

A new species was discovered in the deep jungles of Venezuela. In order to properly name the newly discovered organism, scientists needed to correctly classify it based on certain characteristics that they observed. This organism is capable of movement, performing photosynthesis with chloroplasts, and it also has ribosomes. Using these features, justify your choice of kingdom and why it is not the other kingdoms

Answers

Answer:

Kingdom Plantae

Explanation:

According to this question, a new species which possess characteristics including; ability to move, ability to photosynthesize via chloroplast, possession of ribosomes etc, was discovered in the deep jungles of Venezuela. This organism will likely belong to the KINGDOM PLANTAE because of its unique ability to photosynthesize and move.

-This organism cannot be a FUNGI because all fungi are heterotrophic

- This organism cannot be a BACTERIA because bacteria do not possess chloroplast, which is an eukaryotic organelle.

- This organism cannot be an ANIMAL because animals cannot photosynthesize.

- This organism cannot be an ARCHAEBACTERIA because archeans are prokaryotic, hence cannot possess chloroplast

-

difference between biological aspect and physical aspect​

Answers

Answer:

A biological environment is a physical environment that has living things in it.

The only physical environments that I know of that are not biological environments are human-constructed sterile facilities, or planets/moons/asteroids/other celestial objects that can’t support life.

Physical environment refers to the inanimate things like air, water, soil, rock, etc. the biological environment is all living things big and small, plant or animal, and microbes etc.

All of the following occur during exercise in order to maintain blood glucose levels, except ______?a. Sympathetic stimulation causes an increase in insulin secretionb. Sympathetic stimulation causes the release of epinephrine and glucagonc. Epinephrine causes the breakdown of glycogen in muscle cells to glucosed. Epinephrine and sympathetic stimulation increase the breakdown of lipids

Answers

Answer:

a. Sympathetic stimulation causes an increase in insulin secretion

Explanation:

During exercise glucose is used up by the body especially muscle cells. This leads to the feeling of tiredness normally experienced.

Sympathetic stimulation causing an increase in insulin secretion doesn’t take place as insulin is used for metabolism of food substances and exercise doesn’t require food intake.

Sympathetic stimulation causes the release of epinephrine and glucagon I order to stimulate more glucose production during exercises.

Epinephrine causes the breakdown of glycogen in muscle cells to glucose is also true.

Epinephrine and sympathetic stimulation increase the breakdown of lipids. The breakdown of lipids aids in the production of energy needed by the body cells.

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