Beadle and Tatum's work on auxotroph's suggested that metabolism was controlled by protein enzymes by identifying the link between genes and enzymes. This theory is also referred to as "one gene, one enzyme hypothesis" as stated in their experiment.
The experiment was conducted using a bread mold called Neurospora crassa, where they grew the mold on a minimal growth medium that lacked specific nutrients. The scientists observed that certain mutations in the mold led to the inability to grow on this minimal growth medium. They identified the mold that could grow on a medium containing arginine, but failed to grow on a medium that lacked arginine. They then discovered that the mutated molds were deficient in producing specific enzymes required to produce arginine and could only grow on a medium containing arginine.Since the mutants required a specific nutrient that the wild types did not, Beadle and Tatum postulated that the mutations were caused by altered or disrupted genes that affect the enzymes produced by these genes.
Thus, the mutants were unable to produce the required enzymes, which resulted in their inability to grow on the minimal growth medium. Therefore, the experiment concluded that one gene encoded for one enzyme which was responsible for controlling the metabolic pathway of producing arginine. The experiment showed that each gene encoded for a specific enzyme in the metabolic pathway that controlled the production of arginine.
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Which of the following combinations are both forces of evolution?
a. Selection and mutation
b. Random mating and no migration c. Migration and no selection
d. Mitosis and migration
The combination of forces of evolution is best represented by selection and mutation, option (a) is correct.
Selection acts upon existing genetic variation within a population, favoring certain traits that provide a reproductive advantage, leading to their increased frequency over time. This process drives adaptation and speciation.
Mutation, on the other hand, introduces new genetic variation by altering the DNA sequence. These changes can be beneficial, detrimental, or neutral, but they serve as the raw material for natural selection to act upon. Together, selection and mutation shape the genetic makeup of populations and drive evolutionary change. The other options do not represent combinations of forces of evolution, option (a) is correct.
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The complete question is:
Which of the following combinations are both forces of evolution?
a. Selection and mutation
b. Random mating and no migration
c. Migration and no selection
d. Mitosis and migration
What are two external conditions that must be
met for a seed to sprout?
Answer:
Temperature, water and oxygen.
Explanation:
There are 3 answers yes, but any 2 of them should work.
Answer:
I will give all the external conditions, you can choose 2 of them <3
Explanation:
All seeds need water, oxygen, and proper temperature in order to germinate. Some seeds require proper light also. Some germinate better in full light while others require darkness to germinate. When a seed is exposed to the proper conditions, water and oxygen are taken in through the seed coat.
I suggest you choose water and oxygen
Have a great day!
Which is not a property of an acid?
A)
tastes sour
(B) has a high pH
(C)reacts with metals
D contains the element hydrogen
the species name of the african elephant is loxodonta africana. in the species name, what is africana? question 7 options: family genus species domain
In the species name Loxodonta africana, Africana is the species name of the African elephant.
The biological classification system contains seven taxonomic categories, including kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. The classification system is arranged in a hierarchy, with the kingdom being the most comprehensive classification, followed by the phylum, class, order, family, genus, and finally, species.
Each category represents a more specific group of organisms than the one above it. The scientific name of a species consists of two parts: the genus name and the species name. These two names together are known as the binomial name or scientific name. For example, the scientific name of the African elephant is Loxodonta africana, with Loxodonta as the genus name and Africana as the species name.
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A 37 week pregnant patient is admitted with severe preeclampsia. The patient begins to experiences a tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following would the nurse AVOID during the seizure?
A. Placing the patient in a supine position
B. Holding down the patient's head to prevent injury
C. Staying with the patient and activating the emergency response team
D. Timing the seizure
E. Providing 8 to 10 L of oxygen
A 37-week pregnant patient is admitted with severe preeclampsia. The patient begins to experience a tonic-clonic seizure. The nurse would avoid placing the patient in a supine position during the seizure (Option A).
During a tonic-clonic seizure, it is possible for the patient to vomit. If the patient is placed in a supine position, they are more likely to aspirate and choke on their vomit, leading to further complications. Thus, the nurse would avoid placing the patient in a supine position during the seizure.
Preeclampsia is a condition that arises during pregnancy, involving elevated blood pressure and evidence of harm to other organs, often the liver and kidneys. It typically develops after the 20th week of pregnancy in women who previously had normal blood pressure. When left untreated, preeclampsia can result in severe and potentially life-threatening complications for both the mother and the unborn baby.
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unsaved change moving to the next question prevents changes to this answer. question 46 85) a particular triplet of bases in the template strand of dna is 5'-agt-3'. the corresponding codon for the mrna transcribed is a) 3'-uca-5'. b) 3'-uga-5'. c) 5'-tca-3'. d) 3'-acu-5'.
The particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5'-AGT-3'. The corresponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is 3'-UCA-5'. The answer is option (a).Codons are sequences of three nucleotides that code for amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
The particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5'-AGT-3'. The corresponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is 3'-UCA-5'. The answer is option (a).Codons are sequences of three nucleotides that code for amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. The genetic code is the set of rules that govern how codons are translated into amino acids. The DNA template strand is transcribed into an mRNA sequence, which is then translated into a protein sequence. Therefore, the sequence of the codons determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Each codon is specific for a particular amino acid or a stop signal. In most cases, there are multiple codons that can code for the same amino acid. The genetic code is said to be degenerate because of this feature. As a result, even if there is a change in one nucleotide of a codon, the same amino acid is still coded for. Therefore, triplet and codon terms are closely related as a triplet is a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for an amino acid or a stop signal while a codon is the sequence of three nucleotides that codes for the same amino acid.
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Summer happens when the Earth is closest to the Sun.
True or False
!!!HELP QUICK!!!
Answer: False
Explanation:
Summer happens when the Earth is far away from the Sum
Many closely related species of ducks have different courtship dances that are performed to solidify a pair-bond. If you were to cross individuals from each of these species what would you expect to see in the hybrid offspring if behaviors related to pair-bond formation were completely due to genetics?
Answer:
I would expect to see a new phenotype in which the new duck hybrid species would express a new mixed courtship dance with the behaviors of both parentals.
Explanation:
The cross between both parentals, each from different species, might produce a new phenotype that exhibits both parental dances. The new dance might be considered a hybrid of the parental dances.
Genetically speaking, we can think that there is a gene codifying for the courtship behavior in one species and another gene expressing a different courtship behavior in the other species. This cross´ product would be a hybrid species that exhibits a part of both parentals´ behaviors.
What is the most likely reason for the difference in the results? A. New Zealand farmers have access to larger areas of pastureland. B. New Zealand farmers feed their cattle more expensive grain. C. Milk in California is more concentrated than milk in New Zealand D. Cows in New Zealand are more efficient at producing milk.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The other answers are weird.
What body system is the human heart part of?
Answer:
the answer will have to be The heart is apart of the circulatory system.
Explanation:
What causes evolution to occur in organisms? Explain the process of evolution and how it is driven by various factors.
Answer:
Evolution occurs when these heritable differences become more common or rare in a population, either non-randomly through natural selection or randomly through genetic drift. This occurs because organisms with advantageous traits pass on more copies of these heritable traits to the next generation
Explanation:
If not then sorry I tried my best to help out.
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The following macromolecules are not enzymatically digested in the stomach. a. proteins and carbohydrates b. carbohydrates and nucleic acids c. nucleic acids and fats d. fats and proteins
Macromolecules that are not enzymatically digested in the stomach are fats and nucleic acids.
Answer choice c is correct. Nucleic acids and fats are the macromolecules that are not enzymatically digested in the stomach. Proteins, on the other hand, are partially digested in the stomach by the enzyme pepsin, which breaks them down into smaller polypeptides. Carbohydrates, specifically starches, begin digestion in the mouth with the enzyme salivary amylase and continue in the small intestine with enzymes such as pancreatic amylase.
Fats and nucleic acids are primarily digested and broken down into their building blocks, fatty acids, and nucleotides, respectively, in the small intestine through the action of specific enzymes such as lipases and nucleases.
In summary, while proteins and carbohydrates are partially digested in the stomach, nucleic acids and fats are not enzymatically digested there and undergo digestion primarily in the small intestine.
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Identify the factor below as genetic or environmental factors that may influence susceptibility to disease?
Answer: in order age to exercise,
genetic, environmental
The real length of one villus is 0.8 mm
Calculate the image length if the villus is viewed at a magnification of x20
magnification = size of image / size of real object
Answer:
Explanation:
Re arrange formula=Size of image=Magnification*size of real image
0.8mm*20=16mm
The image length will be "16 mm". A further explanation is below.
Given:
Magnification,
20Size of real image,
0.8 mmAs we know the formula,
→ [tex]Magnification = \frac{Size \ of \ image}{Size \ of \ real \ image}[/tex]
or,
→ [tex]Size \ of \ image=Magnification\times Size \ of \ real\ image[/tex]
By substituting the values, we get
→ [tex]=20\times 0.88[/tex]
→ [tex]= 16 \ mm[/tex]
Thus the response above is correct.
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why most organs sink in water but lungs float
Answer:
cause lungs have air in them
Explanation:
the other organs have an entire mass, but lungs have air in them, so then float
Guys need your help!!! True or False???
If you have a reoccurring flu virus, your body’s memory B cells can help fight off the same virus.
Why is it T or F. Do not just restate statement.
Thanks!
Answer:
True, your body will develop antibodies against it
Explanation:
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what structure controls the secretions of the pituitary gland?
Answer:
The pituitary gland has two main parts, the anterior pituitary gland and the posterior pituitary gland. The gland is attached to a part of the brain (the hypothalamus) that controls its activity.
Explanation:
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What changes occur in taste receptors when the membrane is depolarized during receptor potential A. Voltage-gated Ca2 channels open, triggering the release of neurotransmitter. B. Voltage-gated Cl- channels open, triggering the release of neurotransmitter. C. Voltage-gated Ca2 channels open, inhibiting the release of neurotransmitter. D. Voltage-gated Cl- channels open, inhibiting the release of neurotransmitter.
Answer:
A. Voltage-gated Ca² channels open, triggering the release of neurotransmitters.
Explanation:
For taste mechanisms to function properly, it is necessary the activation of taste receptors.
Through the activation of taste receptors, transduction cascades occur, involving ion channels that are located in the apical or lateral membranes. There occurs a subsequent release of chemical neurotransmitters that send signals to the control centers.
Salty and sweet flavors produce the membrane depolarization that results in Ca+ ions´ entrance to the cell. Ca+ initiates the release of neurotransmitters. Afferent gustative neurons receive the message and send it to the control center, the encephalon. After that, gustative cells go back to the initial state, repolarizing.
The Demaris family is deciding how to landscape their new home
Answer:
what is the name of this website
or the book?
How is a typhoon formed?
Answer:
A typhoon forms when winds blow into areas of the ocean where the water is warm. These winds collect moisture and rise, while colder air moves in below. This creates pressure, which causes the winds to move very quickly. The winds rotate, or spin, around a center called an eye.
Explanation:
Answer:
Compared to tropical cyclone, we have a few main requirements for typhoon development:
1. sufficiently warm sea surface temperatures,
2. Atmospheric instability,
3. High humidity in the lower to middle levels of the troposphere,
4. Enough Coriolis effect to develop a low pressure center,
5. pre-existing low level focus or disturbance, and
6. low vertical wind shear.
Explanation:
How much time would it take to perform 3200 J of work with a power
output of 160 Watts
Explanation:
p =w/t
160=3200/t
t=3200/160
t =20second
The change in heart rate that occurs between 1 and 5 minutes of exercise is an adaptation that
A. Reduces the rate at which oxygen is carried to the muscle cells
B. Increases the rate at which carbon dioxide is carried to the muscle cells
C. Results in the production of more ATP in muscle cells
D. Slows the destruction of enzymes involved in respiration of muscle cells
Answer:
C. Results in the production of more ATP in muscle cells
Explanation:
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The modification of proteins and lipids by converting them into glycoprotein and glycolipids are done by DNA mitochondria Golgi complex RNA Clear selection A definite shape given to the cell is 2 points by cell membrane ribosome cell wall O nucleus Clear selection all 2 points 09:53
Answer:
The modification of proteins and lipids into glycoproteins and glycolipids is primarily done by the Golgi complex in the cell.
Explanation:
The modification of proteins and lipids into glycoproteins and glycolipids is primarily carried out by the Golgi complex in the cell. The Golgi complex, also known as the Golgi apparatus or Golgi body, is an organelle involved in the processing, modification, and sorting of proteins and lipids within the cell.
Proteins and lipids synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) undergo further processing and modifications in the Golgi complex. This includes the addition of sugar molecules to proteins (forming glycoproteins) and lipids (forming glycolipids) through a process called glycosylation. Glycosylation plays important roles in protein folding, stability, cellular recognition, and cell signaling.
While DNA provides the genetic information that directs protein synthesis, mitochondria are primarily involved in energy production through cellular respiration. RNA, specifically messenger RNA (mRNA), serves as the intermediate molecule that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. The cell membrane gives shape to the cell and regulates the movement of molecules in and out of the cell. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. The cell wall provides structural support and protection in certain types of cells, such as plant cells.
In summary, the Golgi complex is responsible for the modification of proteins and lipids into glycoproteins and glycolipids. Other cellular components like DNA, mitochondria, RNA, cell membrane, ribosomes, and cell wall have their own specific roles within the cell.
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A protein is a king chain of amino acids joined together
Answer:
That is correct, also amino acids are monomers (building blocks) of proteins (1 of the 4 biomolecules).
Somites are derived from which of the following embryonic tissues? a. Presomitic mesoderm b. Endoderm c. Lateral plate mesoderm d. Ectoderm
Somites are derived from the (A) presomitic mesoderm
During early embryonic development, the mesoderm undergoes segmentation into repetitive structures called somites. Somites are transient, bilaterally paired blocks of tissue that give rise to various structures in the developing embryo. They play a crucial role in the formation of the musculoskeletal system, including the vertebrae, ribs, and associated muscles. Additionally, somites contribute to the development of other structures such as the dermis of the skin, tendons, and connective tissues.
The presomitic mesoderm is located adjacent to the neural tube in the embryo and undergoes a process known as somitogenesis to form somites. These somites then undergo further differentiation and patterning to generate the diverse tissues and structures mentioned above. Therefore, the correct answer is option (a), presomitic mesoderm.
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Dogwood and oak trees are two kinds of plants found in a forest. These trees and other forest plants get the energy they need for making food from blank , which the plants use to produce sugar.
fill in the blank
Answer:
The sun / The UV lights that the sun emit
Explanation:
Dogwood and oak trees are two kinds of plants found in a forest. These trees and other forest plants get the energy they need for making food from Sun that is the solar energy which the plants use to produce sugar. Sun is the basic source that is used for photosynthesis.
What is the end product of photosynthesis ?Glucose is the end product of photosynthesis which is the ultimate source of energy for plants.
Photosynthesis usually takes place in 4 steps where the first step is the absorption of light where the light from sun is absorbed by stomata and the various reactions that take place in the light are called as the light reactions.
Transfer of light helps to electrons to excite and the excitation of electrons helps to make new products various phosophorylation reactions that is the production of ATP is taking place or the lysis of the product is taking place as well.
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geo 1000, science in cinema movie worksheet, evolution describe at least 2 different types of reproduction shown in the movie.
Asexual reproduction and mitosis are different types of reproduction shown in the movie.
A phase of the cell cycle called mitosis occurs when a cell's nucleus divides into two nuclei, each with an equal amount of genetic material.
There is just one organism involved in asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction is a common feature of many microorganisms and certain plants. This is dependent on mitosis, a kind of cell division that results in progeny that are genetically identical.
Asexual reproduction is a kind of childbearing in which the gametes do not fuse or the number of chromosomes are not altered.
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Akshay wants to study global warming and climate change what field of study would be most useful to him
A. ) sociology
B. ) microbiology
C. ) anthropology
D. ) meterology
While global warming refers specifically to the increase in global temperatures, climate change encompasses all changes in the climate, including changes in precipitation patterns, sea levels, and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events.
Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere, including the study of weather patterns, atmospheric conditions, and climate. Meteorologists use a variety of tools and techniques to measure and analyze the atmosphere, including radar, satellites, and computer models. Meteorology is an interdisciplinary field that draws on many different branches of science, including physics, chemistry, and mathematics. Meteorologists use their knowledge of the atmosphere to forecast weather, study climate patterns, and understand the causes of climate change. Thus, in conclusion, the field of study that would be most useful for Akshay to study global warming and climate change is meteorology.
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What type of veterinarian should I be?
which of the following statements correctly describes the function of a signal peptide
Answer:
A signal peptide is a short amino acid sequence found at the N-terminus of many proteins. Its main function is to facilitate the targeting and translocation of the protein to the appropriate cellular compartment, typically the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells or the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells. The signal peptide plays a crucial role in protein sorting and secretion.
Here are the main functions of a signal peptide:
1. Targeting to the appropriate cellular compartment: The signal peptide contains information that directs the protein to a specific location within the cell. It acts as a zip code, guiding the protein to the correct destination. The signal peptide interacts with signal recognition particles (SRPs) and their corresponding receptors, which facilitate the transport of the protein to the appropriate membrane.
2. Translocation across the membrane: Once the protein reaches the target membrane (such as the ER membrane in eukaryotes), the signal peptide interacts with translocon complexes, which are protein channels that facilitate the movement of the protein across the membrane. The signal peptide acts as a signal sequence that is recognized by the translocon, allowing the protein to be translocated into the lumen of the compartment or inserted into the membrane.
3. Initiation of protein folding: During the process of translocation, the signal peptide is often cleaved off from the protein by signal peptidases. This cleavage event marks the completion of the translocation process. In some cases, the signal peptide helps initiate the folding of the protein by interacting with molecular chaperones and other folding factors present in the target compartment.
Overall, the signal peptide plays a crucial role in ensuring that proteins are correctly targeted, translocated, and folded in the appropriate cellular compartments. It is an essential component of the cellular machinery involved in protein sorting and secretion.