Heavenly Pastries, Inc. Heavenly Pastries, Inc. was founded in 1998 by Gary Houser in Boston, Massachusetts. Over the years, Heavenly Pastries grew from a small neighborhood shop to a national brand. In 2015 Heavenly Pastries went public. At the time of the public offering, there were 100 stores across the country, employing almost 1,000 employees. Over the next three years, Heavenly Pastries doubled the number of stores and employees. Corporate headquarters, still located in Boston, realized that the accounting information system needed to be upgraded. In May, 2019, the Information Technology Division (IT) was charged with upgrading the payroll software.
The Division consists of two departments, Development and Operations. The Development Department is responsible for the coding and testing of the payroll software; the Operations Department is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the new payroll software. Steven Miller is the IT Division manager. Since he supervises both departments, Steve has global access to all aspects of the payroll software, including employee additions, pay rate changes, and employee benefits changes. Steven Miller has been with Heavenly Pastries for just over one year.
Gary Houser Heavenly Pastries- Information Technology Division
He has been struggling with a gambling addiction for the past five years and has run up considerable debts. Subsequent to turning control of the new payroll software over to the Payroll Department, and before the first payroll was run using the new system. Sarah Cutter, the payroll supervisor, is responsible for updating the new payroll system, inputting employee data (names, Social Security numbers, tax and benefit information) and pay rates. Discuss means more than one or two sentences.
1. The fraud triangle lists three conditions that are usually present when fraud occurs. Discuss the three conditions and if they are present. For each condition, provide examples from the case.
2. List the red flags present that suggest the possibility of frauds and what type of frauds do these red flags suggest?
3. How would the fraud impact the financial statements?
4. Discuss the procedures you would use to detect this fraud.
5. Lastly, discuss the procedures that should be implemented to prevent this fraud.

Answer:

1. Three pre requisite of fraud are:

Dishonesty, Opportunity, Motivation.

2. The red flags include,

Gambling habit of Steven Miller.

Global access of payroll software to a single employee.

Lack of segregation of duties.

3. The fraud will deteriorate financial statements and investors will not rely on the company's financial statements.

4. There should be audit of the financial statements, there can be recheck of the data by another employee which is entered into the payroll system, Sarah and Steven work should be segregated with some other employee of different department who rechecks all data of employee and verifies it.

5. There should be segregation of duties, there can be internal controls of the software which may restrict from entering dummy employees, there should be a supervision over Steven since he has gambling background.

Explanation:

There are three pre requisites of fraud which must be present for a fraud. If a fraud occurs in an organization then the reliance of lenders of finance is deteriorated. Steven is an employee who has been with Heavenly pastries for over a year. Since he has a gambling background there might be  dishonesty present and he has access to entire payroll system there is an opportunity for fraud. Steven can be motivated for fraud so to avoid such a case Heavenly pastries should segregate duties of Steven with another employee.

In the extended Labor CAPM, the CAPM measure of systematic risk, beta, is replaced by an adjusted beta that also accounts for covariance with the portfolio of aggregate human capital. Despite the complications inherent in any extension of the CAPM with a labor component, labor is an important consideration in explaining the systematic risk of financial securities.
a. True
b. False

A mining company is evaluating when to open a gold mine. The mine has 100,000 ounces of gold left that can be mined and mining operations will produce 10,000 ounces per year. The price of gold from the mine will be guaranteed for the remaining life of the mine through the gold futures contracts. If the mine is opened today, each ounce of gold will generate an after-tax cash flow (= total or net cash flow) of $1,300 per ounce. If the company waits one year, there is a 70 percent probability that the contract price will generate an after-tax cash flow of $1,550 per ounce and a 30 percent probability that the after-tax cash flow will be $1,200 per ounce. The required return on the gold mine is 15 percent and it will cost $30,000,000 to open the mine regardless of whether the mine is open today or in one year. Compute the value of the option to wait today.

8) Healthy Foods just paid its annual dividend of $1.62 a share. The firm recently 8) announced that all future dividends will be increased by 2.1 percent annually. What is one share of this stock worth to you if you require a rate of return of 15.7 percent

Assume that a $1,000,000 par value, semiannual coupon US Treasury note with four years to maturity has a coupon rate of 3%. The yield to maturity (YTM) of the bond is 11.00%. Using this information and ignoring the other costs involved, calculate the value of the Treasury note: $746,617.36 $634,624.76 $470,368.94 $895,940.83

Sole Purpose Shoe Company is owned and operated by Sarah Charles. The company manufactures casual shoes, with manufacturing facilities in your state. Sarah began the business this year, and while she has a great deal of experience in manufacturing popular and comfortable shoes, she needs some help in evaluating her results for the year, and asks for your help.

Sarah’s first questions for you have to do with the general ideas and terminology used to evaluate variances.

1. Why might Sarah want to use standard costs to compare with her actual costs?

a. Management can evaluate the differences between standard costs and actual costs to focus on correcting the cost variances.
b. Standard costs give management a cost structure for products that is applicable for the entire life of the business.
c. Standard costs allow management to motivate employees by comparing their performance to what it would be under perfect conditions.

2. What are some possible drawbacks to using standard costs that Sarah might consider? Check all that apply.

a. Since standards are impossible to attain, they are a distraction from the work at hand.
b. Since standards never change, they do not reflect reality.
c. Standards limit operating improvements because employees may be discouraged from improving beyond the standards.
d. Employees may focus only on efficiency improvement and their own operations rather than considering the larger objectives of the organization.
e. Standards may become "stale" in a dynamic manufacturing environment.

High owns 60% of Low. In 2019, Low sold inventory (cost $70,000) to High for $100,000. 40% of this inventory was not sold to third parties by High until 2020. In 2020, Low sold inventory (cost $72,000) to High for $120,000. Of this inventory, $50,000 was not sold to third parties by High until 2021. In 2020, Low reports $70,000 of net income. What is the noncontrolling interest in 2020 income of Low. $24,800 $31,200 $37,200 $46,800

When we grow in relationship with ______________, we grow in relationship with God.

1. Which one of the items below is NOT a reason why CASH does not equal PROFIT?
A. Credit Sales
B. Credit Purchases
C. Cash Sales
D. Prepayments

Ataxia Fitness Center is considering an investment in some additional weight training equipment. The equipment has an estimated useful life of 10 years with no salvage value at the end of the 10 years. Ataxia's internal rate of return on this equipment is 8%. Ataxia's discount rate is also 8%. The payback period on this equipment is closest to (Ignore income taxes.):

Multi-Level-Marketing is a quickly growing industry in the United States. Many men and women are deciding to work from home, selling various goods to their friends and family due to the convenience and possible salary that can be made. Multi-Level-Marketing consists of a hierarchy of workers and customers and is sometimes referred to as a pyramid scheme

Apedwa Inc. recently purchased a new delivery truck. The new truck costs $25,000 and is expected to generate net after-tax operating cash flows, including depreciation, of $7,000 at the end of each year. The truck has a 5-year expected life. The expected abandonment values (salvage values after tax adjustments) at different points in time are given below. The firm's cost of capital is 10 percent. What is ithis project's optimal economic life?

Year Annual Operating Cash Flow Salvage Value
0 ($20,000) $20,000
1 7,000 16,000
2 7,000 14,000
3 7,000 12,000
4 7,000 8,000
5 7,000 0

Calculate the required rate of return for Mudd Enterprises assuming that investors expect a 5.0% rate of inflation in the future. The real risk-free rate is 1.5%, and the market risk premium is 5.0%. Mudd has a beta of 1.5, and its realized rate of return has averaged 13.5% over the past 5 years. Round your answer to two decimal places.

Marketers competing on product attributes and image are said to be participating in:

Consider the following limit order book for a share of stock. The last trade in the stock occurred at a price of $130. Limit Buy Orders Limit Sell OrdersPriceShares PriceShares$129.75400 $129.80150129.70700 129.85150129.65400 129.90300129.60200 129.95150128.65500 a. If a market buy order for 150 shares comes in, at what price will it be filled

In 2020, Bertha Jarow had a $28,000 loss from the sale of a personal residence. She also purchased from an individual inventor for $7,000 (and resold in two months for $18,000) a patent on a rubber bonding process. The patent had not yet been reduced to practice. Bertha purchased the patent as an investment. In addition, she had the following capital gains and losses from stock transactions:
Long-term capital loss ($6,000)
Long-term capital loss carryover from 2019 (12,000)
Short-term capital gain 21,000
Short-term capital loss (7,000)
A. Bertha has a net long-term capital loss of $___. Bertha has a net short-term capital gain of $ 14000. As a result, Bertha has an overall net short-term capital gain of $___.
B. Complete the letter to Bertha explaining the tax treatment of the sale of her personal residence. Assume Bertha's income from other sources puts her in the 28% bracket.

Luzadis Company makes furniture using the latest automated technology. The company uses a job-order costing system and applies manufacturing overhead cost to products on the basis of machine-hours. The predetermined overhead rate was based on a cost formula that estimates $1,152,000 of total manufacturing overhead for an estimated activity level of 72,000 machine-hours.During the year, a large quantity of furniture on the market resulted in cutting back production and a buildup of furniture in the company's warehouse. The company's cost records revealed the following actual cost and operating data for the year:,Machine-hours 67,000Manufacturing overhead cost $551,000 Inventories at year-end: Raw materials $13,000 Work in process (includes overhead applied of $37,520) $139,300 Finished goods (includes overhead applied of $101,840) $378,100 Cost of goods sold (includes overhead applied of $396, 640) $1,472,600Required: 1. Compute the underapplied or overapplied overhead. 2. Assume that the company closes any underapplied or overapplied overhead to Cost of Goods Sold. Prepare the appropriate journal entry. 3. Assume that the company allocates any underapplied or over appliedoverhead proportionally to Work in Process, Finished Goods, and Cost of Goods Sold. Prepare the appropriate journal entry. 4. How much higher or lower will net operating income be if the underapplied or overapplied overhead is allocated to Work in Process, Finished Goods, and Cost of Goods Sold rather than being closed to Cost of Goods Sold?

In 2013, Chirac Enterprises issued, at par, 75 $1,060, 8% bonds, each convertible into 200 shares of common stock. Chirac had revenues of $19,100 and expenses other than interest and taxes of $8,860 for 2014. (Assume that the tax rate is 40%.) Throughout 2014, 2,530 shares of common stock were outstanding; none of the bonds was converted or redeemed.(a) Compute diluted earnings per share for 2014. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. $2.55.)(b) Assume the same facts as those assumed for part (a), except that the 75 bonds were issued on September 1, 2014 (rather than in 2013), and none have been converted or redeemed. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. $2.55.)(c) Assume the same facts as assumed for part (a), except that 25 of the 75 bonds were actually converted on July 1, 2014. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. $2.55.)

You manage an equity fund with an expected risk premium of 10% and an expected standard deviation of 15%. The rate on Treasury bills (risk-free rate) is 5%. Your client chooses to invest $60,000 of her portfolio in your equity fund and $40,000 in a T-bill money market fund. The expected return and standard deviation of your client's overall portfolio is:__________ a. 11.0% and 9.0% b. 10.0% and 8.4% c. 15.0% and 9.0% d. 5.0% and 15.0%

What are out-of-order rooms? How do they differ from out-of-inventory rooms

Eastman Publishing Company is considering publishing an electronic textbook about spreadsheet applications for business. The fixed cost of manuscript preparation, textbook design, and web-site construction is estimated to be $150,000. Variable processing costs are estimated to be $7 per book. The publisher plans to sell single-user access to the book for $49. Through a series of web-based experiments, Eastman has created a predictive model that estimates demand as a function of price. The predictive model is demand

Ring Me Up Inc. has net income of $143,100 for the year ended December 31, 2019. At the beginning of the year, 36,000 shares of common stock were outstanding. On May 1, an additional 18,000 shares were issued. On December 1, the company purchased 4,300 shares of its own common stock and held them as treasury stock until the end of the year. No other changes in common shares outstanding occurred during the year. During the year, Ring Me Up paid the annual dividend on the 9,000 shares of 4.65%, $100 par value preferred stock that were outstanding the entire year.

Required:
Calculate basic earnings per share of common stock for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Bramble Company has the following equivalent units of production for July: materials 30200 and conversion costs 23500. Production cost data are:

Materials Conversion
Work in process, July 1 $6400 $2600
Costs added in July 54000 35000

The unit production costs for July are:

Materials Conversion Costs
a. $1.79 $1.60
b. $1.79 $1.49
c. $2.00 $1.49
d. $2.00 $1.60

Which resources would be classified as a land factor of production?
A)
milk
B)
petroleum
C)
timber
D)
tractor
E)
workers

Management at the Flagstaff Company currently sells its products for $250 per unit and is contemplating a 40% increase in the selling price for the next year. Variable costs are currently 30% of sales revenue and are not expected to change in dollar amount on a per unit basis next year (the company will still pay the same variable cost per unit). Fixed expenses are $120,000 per year. If fixed costs were to decrease 10% during the current year and the new selling price goes into effect, how many units will need to be sold to breakeven

Dwayne Wade Company recently signed a lease for a new office building, for a lease period of 10 years. Under the lease agreement, a security deposit of $12,000 is made, with the deposit to be returned at the expiration of the lease, with interest compounded at 5% per year.
What amount will the company receive at the time the lease expires?

Uptown Bank provides lockbox services. They estimate that you can reduce your average mail time by 2.2 days and your combined clearing and processing time by .75 days by implementing their system. Your firm receives 65 checks a day with an average value of $298 each. The current T-Bill rate is .01 percent per day. Assume a 365-day year. The bank will charge your firm $.15 per check. What is the annual net savings from installing this system?

The Fabricating Department started the current month with a beginning Work in Process inventory of $11,600. During the month, it was assigned the following costs: direct materials, $77,600; direct labor, $25,600; and factory overhead, 80% of direct labor cost. Also, inventory with a cost of $117,000 was transferred out of the department to the next phase in the process. The ending balance of the Work in Process Inventory account for the Fabricating Department is:

Lo-crete produces quick setting concrete mix. Production of 200,000 tons was started in April, 190,000 tons were completed. Material costs were $3,152,000 for the month while conversion costs were $591,000. There was no beginning work-in-process; the ending work-in-process was 70% complete. What is the cost of the product that was completed and transferred to finished goods

Your uncle just won the weekly lottery, receiving $375,000, which he invested at a 7.5% annual rate. He now has decided to retire, and he wants to withdraw $35,000 at the end of each year, starting at the end of this year. What is the maximum number of whole payments that can be withdrawn before the account is exhausted, i.e., before the account balance would become negative? (Hint: Round down to the nearest whole number.)

Portsmouth Company makes upholstered furniture. Its only variable cost is direct materials. The demand for the company's products far exceeds its manufacturing capacity. The bottleneck (or constraint) in the production process is upholstery labor-hours. Information concerning three of Portsmouth's products appears below: Recliner Sofa Love Seat Selling price per unit $ 1,270 $ 1,750 $ 1,190 Variable cost per unit $ 850 $ 1,200 $ 850 Upholstery labor-hours per unit 7 hours 10 hours 4 hoursRequired:
1. Portsmouth is considering paying its upholstery laborers additional compensation to work overtime. Assuming that this extra time would be used to produce sofas, up to how much of an overtime premium per hour should the company be willing to pay to keep the upholstery shop open after normal working hours?
2. A small nearby upholstering company has offered to upholster furniture for Portsmouth at a price of $44 per hour. The management of Portsmouth is confident that this upholstering company’s work is high quality and their craftsmen can work as quickly as Portsmouth’s own craftsmen on the simpler upholstering jobs such as the Love Seat. How much additional contribution margin per hour can Portsmouth earn if it provides the raw materials to the nearby company and then hires it to upholster the Love Seats?
3. Should Portsmouth hire the nearby upholstering company?