Good Diet, Proper Exercise Help Protect Astronauts' Bones
by Bill Jeffs
1 Eating right and exercising hard in space helps protect International Space Station astronauts’ bones, a finding that may help solve one of the key problems facing future explorers heading beyond low Earth orbit.
2 A study, published in the September 2012 issue of the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, looked at the mineral density of specific bones as well as the entire skeleton of astronauts who used a new, stronger "weight lifting" machine. Of course, weights don't really "weigh" anything on the space station but resistance machines allow astronauts to get the same kind of workout. The Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED), installed in 2008, doubles the maximum simulated weight to as much as 600 pounds.
3 Researchers compared measurements from 2006 until 2008, when astronauts used a less capable workout machine. They found that astronauts using the advanced system came home with more lean muscle and less fat, and kept more of their whole body and regional bone mineral density. Those same astronauts also consumed sufficient calories and vitamin D, among other nutrients. These factors are known to support bone health and likely played a contributing role.
4 "After 51 years of human spaceflight, these data mark the first significant progress in protecting bone through diet and exercise," said Dr. Scott M. Smith, NASA nutritionist at the agency's Johnson Space Center in Houston and lead author of the publication.
5 Since the 1990s, resistance exercise has been thought to be a key method of protecting astronauts' bones. Normal, healthy bone constantly breaks down and renews itself, a process called remodeling. As long as these processes are in balance, bone mass and density stay the same. Earlier studies of Russian Mir space station residents found an increased rate of breakdown, but little change in the rate of regrowth, resulting in an overall loss in bone density.
6 In the study, astronauts who used the ARED device still had increased bone breakdown, but their bone renewal tended to increase, likely resulting in a better balance in whole bone mineral density.
7 "The increase in both bone breakdown and formation suggests that the bone is being remodeled, but a key question remains as to whether this remodeled bone is as strong as the bone before flight," said Dr. Jean Sibonga, NASA bone discipline lead at Johnson and coauthor of the study.
8 Bone density loss in astronauts on long-duration missions has been a major medical concern. In the past, astronauts have lost an average of 1 to 2 percent per month. By comparison, an elderly person loses about 1 to 2 percent per year.
9 This study shows that, through proper exercise and nutrition, crew members on long journeys in space can return to Earth with much less loss of bone mineral density. But a key question remains as to whether the bones are as strong as when the astronaut launched into space. For these and other reasons, additional studies to evaluate bone strength before and after flight are currently under way.
10 Beyond bone strength, further study is needed to figure out the best possible combination of exercise and diet for long-duration crews. One experiment on the space station right now is looking at how different ratios of animal protein and potassium in the diet affect bone health. Another is looking at the benefits of lowering sodium intake. NASA food scientists have reformulated more than 80 space foods to reduce the sodium content.
11 "Although more research needs to be done in this regard, our study marks a significant milestone in our long search to find ways to help ensure crew health and performance on long-duration missions," said Smith. "These data will be critical in enabling us to send humans, once again, to destinations beyond low Earth orbit."
Answers
Based on the given text, it can be seen that the statement that best describes the effect of the causes is given below:
Cause
Astronaut's use of ARED devicesAn extended stay in spaceEffects
increases the rate of bone regrowth.increases the rate at which bones break down.This is because the given text talks about astronauts in space and how they make use of ARED devices in order to help with bone regrowth.
What is Cause and Effect?This refers to the text structure that is used to show how an action leads to an effect.
Hence, we can see that the cause and effect are given above,
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Related Questions
What are two types of prewritting?
Answers
One day, word came that a savage wolf had been seen in the forest.
"How I should like to meet that wolf," said little Gilbert.
He was only seven years old, but now all his thoughts were about the savage beast.
"Shall we take a walk this morning?" asked his mother.
"Oh, yes!" said Gilbert. "Perhaps we may see that wolf among the trees. But don't be afraid."
His mother smiled, for she felt quite sure that there was no danger.
What point of view does the author use in this selection?
Responses
A first person first person
B second personsecond person
C third person omniscientthird person omniscient
D third person limited
Answers
VOCABULARY IN WRITING
Write the opening paragraph of a speech that the narrator of this story mig
give in her school assembly. Use three or more vocabulary words. Here is a
sample opening for such a speech.
EXAMPLE SENTENCE
When I first came to this school, it felt like an inhospitable jungle.
Words to use: disclaimer, inhospitable, and insubordinate, misnomer, noncommittal, plagiarized
How do I use three or more sentences in a paragraph?
Please and thank you.
Answers
How do society’s needs shape how hero’s are defined
Answers
The maximum defining traits of heroes included bravery, ethical integrity, courage, conviction, honesty, willingness to defend others and self-sacrificing.
We want heroes first and principal because our heroes assist outline the boundaries of our aspirations. We in large part outline our beliefs with the aid of using the heroes we choose, and our beliefs -- such things as courage, honor, and justice -- in large part outline us.
A hero is a person who offers of himself, frequently placing his personal lifestyles at tremendous risk, for the extra properly of others. However, along with in strugglefare situations, what is ideal for others will usually divide opinion into opposing camps.
Heroes are doctors, professors, judges, nurses, police officers who take obligation for our health, our safety, the schooling of others, frequently for a modest salary.
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Write a formal letter on request your principal to open a computer club in your school?
Answers
A formal letter to the requesting principal to open a computer club in the school.
To,
The Principal
XYZ School
ABC street, wxy
234213
Date: 14 October 2022
Subject:- Requesting to open a computer club in your school.
Respected Sir/Madam,
With due respect, I would like to say that I'm A in class 8 B, I'm requesting you to please open a computer club for school students so that they can learn new things about coding languages I'm emailing you to request a coding club.
A computer club consists of a task that allows scholars to dive deep into the educational explorations of programming and how to serve it rightly. This will contest the pupil's strategic proficiency, and programming proficiency, and will most clearly educate them on precise tenures utilized in programming. academies should genuinely regard further agendas grounded on scholars' interests, pursuits, geniuses, and classes they are banishment in. Coding is one of mine; distinctive scholars are too. even so, we could give scholars a chance to come up and master new stuff in the computer club.
So it's my humble request to you please consider this issue. and try to provide a computer club as soon as possible.
Thanking you!
Yours Sincerely
A
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Prasana is working on a project that will help her team transitions to a new software platform for billing. She tries to use the same written instructions for her coworkers and clients but it backfires. This type of reuse is known as what
Answers
Based on this type of reuse where Prasana uses the same written instructions for her cowerkers and clients but it backfires is called as Repurposing.
Repurposing anything means putting it to use for a different objective than it was intended. As the question states that Prasana is using the same written instruction for her coworkers and clients and it backfires also, it means that it is being Repurposed. If Prasana would have not reuse the same written instruction with her coworkers and clients as what she was using in her project, then this would have not been called as Repurposing.
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Write an argument about ebook are better than paper books
Answers
Answer:b
Explanation:
Imagine you are Michelle's great-aunt Robbie. You write a diary entry recording your thoughts and feelings after one of Michelle's weekly planio lessons. Write the text for your diary entry.
Use 150-200 words.
Answers
Michelle Anne Young lives a television character and crude school coach from the United States. She rose to fame as the runner-up on season 25 of The Bachelor and the star of season 18 of The Bachelorette.
What is the purpose of piano lessons?The study of the teaching of piano playing is known as piano pedagogy. Whereas music education is concerned with the teaching of music in school classrooms or group settings, piano pedagogy is concerned with the teaching of musical skills to individual piano students. Unless you're a trained pianist, most parents intend to pay an instructor to teach their children this skill. According to a Thumbtack 2020 report, a piano teacher will charge between $40 and $100 per hour for private lessons and $30 to $50 per hour for group lessons. Playing the piano aids in the development of a musical ear. So don't let your lack of aural skills keep you from playing the piano. Take lessons today to start developing those skills.To learn more about Piano pedagogy, refer to:
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Responding to Fiction - "Horror Story" by Carmen Maria Machado
1. Read "Horror Story" by Carmen Maria Machado
2. As you read, answer the questions below:
1.) What is the first thing that goes wrong in the house?
Answers
It all started out so simply, with a window crack in the bedroom and a strangely clogged toilet. Before we moved in, the drain and the glass were in good shape, then one morning they stopped working.
In the horror story by Carmen Maria Machado, the first that goes wrong in the house is - a mystery sewer backup; a window crack in the bedroom.
What is Horror Story?
The goal of the fiction genre known as horror is to frighten, horrify, or disgust the reader. Psychological horror and supernatural horror are two sub genres of horror that fall under the category of speculative fiction. The horror story is "a piece of fiction in prose of varying length which shocks, or even frightens the reader, or possibly creates a sensation of disgust or detest," according to literary historian J. A. Cuddon in 1984. The goal of horror is to shock readers by evoking a spooky environment. Frequently, the main threat in a piece of horror literature can be seen as a metaphor for deeper societal worries.
It all began so innocently, with a curiously clogged toilet and a window crack in the bedroom. The drain and the glass had been in good condition before we moved here, but one morning they stopped operating.
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Form the plural possessive of compound nouns by applying the rule to the last word of the
compound noun.
Reflect and Respond
Plural
commanders-in-chief
menservants
mothers-in-law
passers-by
4
Plural Possessive
commanders-in-chief's orders
menservants' behavior
mothers-in-law's recipes
passers-by's coats
Answers
The plural possessive of compound nouns :
1. Commanders-in-chief's orders
In this phrase , the orders refers to the orders of all the commanders who are chiefs, it is plural.
2. Menservants' behavior
The behaviors of all the men servants are referred here.
3. Mothers-in-law's recipes
Recipes of more than one mother's in law are referred in this phrase.
4. Passers-by's coats
The coats of all the people who passes by are referred in this single phrase.
What is meant by Compound Possessives?When two or more nouns (often names) share possession of something, the term "compound possessives" (also known as "joint possessives") is used. Instead of nouns, compound possessives can instead contain one or more pronouns.
The plural possessive of compound nouns :
1. Commanders-in-chief's orders
In this phrase , the orders refers to the orders of all the commanders who are chiefs, it is plural.
2. Menservants' behavior
The behaviors of all the men servants are referred here.
3. Mothers-in-law's recipes
Recipes of more than one mother's in law are referred in this phrase.
4. Passers-by's coats
The coats of all the people who passes by are referred in this single phrase.
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Which detail from the monkey paws is an example of conflict?
Answers
Man vs the supernatural is the central struggle that threads across the entire narrative. When Monkey's Paw. White removes the monkey's paw conflict from the flames, he and his family become subject to its curse.
After 10 days in the grave, his son's reanimated corpse emerges from the grave and knocks on the father's door. Mr. White is tampering with the natural order of things conflict when he writes his wish on the paw. He loses his son and then has him brought back to life in a zombie-like state as retribution for interfering with fate. When Sgt. Morris shows up and informs them of the Monkey's Paw.
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Why and how do religion, politics and persecution interact?
Answers
Individual religiosity reduces a person's willingness to endorse violent political action
What connection is there between political violence and religion?
Individual religiosity reduces a person's willingness to endorse violent political action, whereas group religiosity boosts it. Muslims and Christians experience the same impacts of religiosity, and the religious climate of the nation has a little impact on citizens' civic involvement and motivation in engaging in violent political action.
Religious prejudice, which occurs when members of a dominant group disparage religions other than their own, is one cause of religious persecution. Another cause is when the state perceives a specific religious group as a danger to its interests or security.
The following constitutional clauses can be set up to determine the relationship between religion and politics: preach any religion, or not to follow any.
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Read the sentence.
When they arrived at the beach, the students who had never seen the ocean before ran toward the shore.
Which part of the sentence is an adverbial dependent clause?
when they arrived at the beach
the students who had never seen
the ocean before
ran toward the shore
ITS NOT A
Answers
Answer:
I think it is B
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
Because here is the definition of dependent clause:
A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. A dependent clause cannot be a sentence.
So just check if it has that.
What is the verb in the sentence? Apples are crunchy and sweet.
Answers
Answer:
Are
Explanation:
Verbs are the action words in a sentence that describe what the subject is doing
Read the excerpt from The Odyssey.
Based on this excerpt, what inference can be made
'Why not
about Odysseus? Select two options.
take these cheeses, get them stowed, come back,
Odysseus is a careless leader who does not care
throw open all the pens, and make a run for it?
about the safety of his crew.
We'll drive the kids and lambs aboard. We say
put out again on good salt water!"
Odysseus's curiosity about the Cyclops S stronger
lhan his good judgment.
Ah,
J Odysseus wants to see if the Cyclops has anything to
how sound that was! Yet I refused. I wished
give to him and his men.
to see the caveman, what he had to offer-
no pretty sight, it turned out, for my friends.
11] Odysseus iS worried about appearing weak in front of
his men.
Answers
Odysseus's curiosity about the Cyclops iS stronger than his good judgment.
Odysseus was a Greek mythological hero who ruled the island of Ithaca and was the major character in Homer's epic, the Odyssey. Odysseus, the son of Laertes and Anticlea, was highly renowned among the Greeks as a most eloquent speaker, as well as an inventive and crafty trickster. Laertes and Anticlea were Odysseus' parents. It has also been proposed that the name is not of Greek origin, and may not even be Indo-European, with an unknown derivation. Pre-Greek origins have been proposed by Robert S. P. Beekes. Odysseus was depicted in Dares the Phrygian's report as "tough, crafty, merry, of medium height, talkative, and wise." Odysseus and other Agamemnon envoys come to Scyros to enlist Achilles since a prophecy states that Troy cannot be captured without him.
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Explain the significance of the black umbrella that the family brings to the picnic in “Magic Island”. What does the umbrella represent and what does bringing it show about the family?
Answers
The black umbrella represent symbolism. It was the bringing it shows about the family newcomers are wary of their new surroundings.
What is family?
The term family refers to the large number of the member are they share the one shelter. The family are the blood relation to each other. The family are the included children's, parents, and the grandparents.
According to the story, it was the “Magic Island.” The black umbrella are the represents in the story are the symbolism. The family newcomers are wary of their new surroundings, it was the shown of the family.
Hence, the significance of the black umbrella aforementioned.
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The cause and effect transition in this sentence below is which word?
A major reason was a decline in industrial jobs.
Answers
The cause and effect transition in this sentence below is this word: Was.
What is a cause-and-effect transition word?Cause and effect transition words are the words that draw the link between the cause of something and the effect that it has. In the sentence above, we can see that the word that linked the cause and the effect in this sentence is the word, 'Was'.
Notice that before this word, we learn that a major reason for something that was not stated explicitly is the decline in industrial jobs. This latter part is the effect.
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Why does Twain dislike brown
Answers
Answer:
brown was a middle-aged, long, slim, bony, smooth-shaven, horsefaced, ignorant, stingy, malicious, snarling, fault-hunting, mote-magnifying tyrant.
Explanation:
What are the four steps of approaching a challenging text?
Answers
Answer:
research, scan, engage, review and reflect
Explanation:
my children are my plants. i must nurture them to grow. what Type of figurative language is it.
Answers
Answer: Analogy
Explanation:
Answer:
Analogy
Explanation:
.Figurative language deviates from the usual word order and meaning in order to convey a complex meaning, vivid writing, clarity, or an emotive comparison.
.A comparison between two ideas, thoughts, or things that are quite unlike to one another is known as an analogy.
.The speaker is drawing a comparison between kids and plants.
.The comparison works well because it makes us consider how much time and effort goes into cultivating plants.
.The speaker makes the analogy that children are like other people in that they require care to develop.
.Hence, the apt figurative language used here is Analogy.
Hope you find it useful.
4. Try to light the fire. what figurative language is it
Answers
Answer:
Idioms
Explanation:
It means go straight to the point just like beating around the bush
You are a doctor. You have limited money. You can either treat one patient with terminal cancer who is likely to die within six months. Or you can treat twenty children with less serious illnesses.
• What decision do you make?
• Does this decision change if you are a health authority?
Answers
Answer:
You treat the 20 children with less serious illnesses.
Explanation:
This really depends on a variety of conditions, such as where you are, what resources are available, to name a few. Terminal cancer cannot be treated, and so there is no point "treating" them other than putting them in hospice care. As such, it would be out of your duty anyways as hospice care is typically provided by hospice-oriented services.
As a doctor, your duty is to maintain and restore human health. If you cannot do the two for a terminating patient, then you should focus on the next generation.
Of course, this is not as easy as choosing one or the other. It entirely depends on what kind of doctor you are, where you are treating them, and what kind of treatment and/or services are available at the time. If all can be provided, you can outsource and treat all of them. So it really depends.
3- The student works hard.
(Ask a question)
Answers
The response to "The student works hard"(ask a question) Do pupils put in a lot of effort?
The required details for student in given paragraph
A person enrolled in school or another educational institution is said to be a student. A "student" is a person who attends a secondary school or higher (such as a college or university) in the United Kingdom and the majority of the commonwealth countries; people who attend primary or elementary schools are referred to as "pupils." Nigeria uses a 6-3-3-4 system of education to divide education into its four categories. It means that students should spend six years in elementary education, three in junior high, three in high school, and four in college.
The study program, however, mostly determines how long students will spend in college. Study periods vary between courses and can be rather long.
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Brief summary of the text for which you
have made a connection.
(1-2 sentences)
Read letter to a young refuge
I
Explain your text-to-self connection.
(3-4 sentences)
Answers
Answer:yes
Explanation:
Jeff’s New Business
At dinner one night, Jeff’s parents gave him the good news. “We’re taking a
week-long vacation at the beach,” his dad said. Jeff was very excited. He liked
swimming and snorkeling, and the family had not been to the beach in a while. He
immediately started making plans. “When are we leaving?” he wanted to know.
“We’ll be leaving August 10th,” his mom answered. August 10th was eight weeks
away; it seemed more like forever. Jeff could not imagine waiting that long, but
then he realized something. Eight weeks would give him enough time to save up
money to take with him on the trip, and that was a good thing. Jeff decided to be
patient and make the most of the time he had.
Jeff was trying to save up money for the vacation his family was planning to
take. He decided to find a summer job. It took several days of thinking. But finally,
Jeff thought of an idea. It was a hot, dusty summer, and people’s cars would be
getting dirty. He would offer to wash cars. The first step in setting up his business
was to decide what supplies he would need. He was going to require soap, wax,
brushes, buckets, and towels. Jeff's dad gave him permission to use the garden hose
if he was careful. By the time Jeff was ready to open for business, he had spent
$25. If he charged $5.00 for each car wash, he would have to wash more than five
cars to make money. Jeff and his friends posted signs everywhere in the
6
neighborhood. When people learned about Jeff’s business, many came to have
their cars washed. In a few weeks, Jeff had earned $1000.
Jeff was glad he had brought extra money with him. He was able to get a
sweatshirt for himself, presents for his friends, and tokens for the video games.
_______________________________________________________________what does Jeff learn?
A- Saving money allows you to buy special things.
B- Going on vacation is not always fun.
C- Surfing is a very difficult sport.
Answers
Answer:
A. Saving money allows you to buy special things
A- Saving money allows you to buy special things
Textual Evidence:
1. Jeff was trying to save up money for the vacation his family was planning to
take. He decided to find a summer job.
- Here we see Jeff wants to save up money for the vacation.
2. He was able to get a sweatshirt for himself, presents for his friends, and tokens for the video games.
- Here we see Jeff saved his money, which allowed him to buy special things like presents, video game tokens, and a sweatshirt.
---------
this was a pretty simple concept but I hope you understood, because it never talked about surfing, and he hasn't gone on vacation yet and never said vacation wasn't fun. actually he was pretty excited. much love!! <33
Use the number of, the amount of or the percentage of to complete these sentences. 6. _daily calories per person in Peru was 1927 7. _satisfied and very satisfied visitors were 30% and 40% respectively. _money spent on ice cream in the USA rose from $12 million to $14 8. 9. 10. million. students playing videos games in their free time is highest _goods transported by road was highest
Answers
Using the number of, the amount of or the percentage of to complete these sentences the sentences hence formed are written below.
The number of daily calories per person in Peru was 1927.
The percentage of satisfied and very satisfied visitors were 30% and 40% respectively.
The amount of money spent on ice cream in the USA rose from $12 million to $14 8 million.
The number of Students playing videos games in their free time is highest.
The number of goods transported by road was highest.
A complete sentence is what?
A sentence that has a subject, a verb, and an object and expresses a complete thought is referred to as a full sentence or complete sentence. Because complete sentences convey the idea that the writer means to convey and allow for succinct communication, complete sentences are crucial for writing.
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Discussion Topic
Reading texts and conducting research about those who have achieved
greatness can help you better yourself and reach your own goals.
Choose a famous figure who inspires you and find out more about their
journey to success.
Write a brief paragraph about what you can learn from their life.
Answers
1. Choose a famous character that you admire. An example is former President Barack Obama.
2. Then you need to explore his life as he grows up.
3. Note the challenges he endured as a result of his growth and how he overcame them.
4. Finally I would like to share how values such as hard work focus, and consistency helped him become President of the United States. is. This means that it is based on your personal feelings. So you have to think of someone you personally admire.
Conduct a survey to find out what problems they faced in life and how they overcame them. Finally, repeat the most important thing you admire about this celebrity.
We all have someone who pushes us to make every decision in life. My mother is the person who inspires me the most, her life and work have driven me every step of my life. She taught me to be brave and work hard to achieve all my dreams.
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What are synonyms for the word magnificent?
Answers
Answer: Awesome, majestic, breathtaking, grand, marvelous, excellent, dazzling, transcendent, etc.
Answer:excellent, impressive,majestic
Explanation: there are many more but it won’t allow me to put them
Group 10
Which sentence is a dependent word fragment?
a. The tornado warning ended. Everyone stayed in the basement.
b. Until the tornado warning ended, everyone stayed in the basement.
c. Until the tornado warning ended. Everyone stayed in the basement.
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
"Until the tornado warning ended" is not a complete sentence.
Compare and contrast the outsiders movie to the book, PLEASE ANSWER AND HELP MEEEE !! i’ll make you as the brainliest and give you a 5 star rating please please please help !!!!!!
Answers
The main similarity between the book and the movie is that the entire narrative takes place with Ponyboy telling his story to the public. However, in the book, Ponyboy is doing this as a school project and in the movie, he is doing it for no clear purpose.
Other similarities and differences between the book and the movieIn the book, the audience has deep access to Ponyboy's thoughts. In the film, the audience doesn't have that access.In the book, Ponyboy makes many references to his dead parents. In the film, Ponyboy's parents are not mentioned.In the book, Darry is shown as a very important character. In the film, Darry is an unimportant character.The end of the book shows how Ponyboy wants to go back to live with his brothers. The end of the film does not show this desire of Ponyboy.The family relationship between Ponyboy and his brothers was largely neglected in the film and shown with little relevance, although the book emphasizes this in great depth.
However, we cannot deny that the main concept of the book is shown in the film, through the conflicts between the Grease and the Socs, which is a way of criticizing social inequality and street violence.
The film and book also show that young people in communities with few economic resources are exposed to many dangers and need to mature very quickly, wasting their youth to survive.
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