The kinked demand curve model of oligopoly is a model that explains the behavior of firms in an oligopolistic market. In this model, firms assume that their rivals will match any price increase they make, but will not match any price decrease.
This creates a kink in the demand curve, where the demand is relatively elastic at the current price level, but becomes relatively inelastic if the firm raises the price.
The role played by price elasticity of demand in the kinked demand curve model is that it determines the behavior of the firm in response to changes in the market. If the demand for the firm's product is relatively elastic, the firm will not raise the price as it would lead to a significant decrease in demand and revenue. On the other hand, if the demand is relatively inelastic, the firm may raise the price as the decrease in demand and revenue would be minimal.
Therefore, the price elasticity of demand plays a crucial role in determining the pricing strategy of firms in oligopolistic markets under the kinked demand curve model. Understanding the elasticity of demand helps firms to make informed decisions about price adjustments and to avoid significant losses in revenue.
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Suppose the newspaper states that the probability of rain today is 40%.
What is the complement of the event "rain today"?
What is the probability of the complement? (Enter your answer to two decimal places.)
The probability of the complement, which is the probability of no rain today, is 0.60 or 60%.
When we speak about probability, the complement of an occasion refers to the occurrence of the occasion not happening. In this case, the event is "rain today", and its complement is "no rain today", meaning it's going to both be sunny or cloudy however not raining.
To find the probability of the complement, we subtract the probability of the event from 1. therefore, the probability of no rain today is 1 minus the probability of rain these days, that's 1 - 0.40 = 0.60 or 60%.
Therefore, the probability of the complement, that is the probability of no rain today, is 0.60%
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2. Describe the disintegration of the Western Roman Empire. What resulted in the disintegration? What kind of people took over? How was their way of life different than the Roman's before them? ?
In 476, the Germanic chieftain Odoacer finally organized an uprising and toppled Emperor Romulus Augustulus. As a result of the fact that no Roman emperor would ever again hold office in Italy, many people believe that the year 476 marked the Western Empire's demise.
The Roman Empire's collapse was caused by what?The loss of centralized political power in the Western Roman Empire—also known as the collapse of the Roman Empire or the fall of Rome—was caused by the Empire's inability to uphold its authority over a huge area of land, which led to the division of its territory into a number of succeeding polities.
What was the outcome of the Western Roman Empire's collapse?The fall of the Roman empire liberated Europe from a single power's dominance. Imperial monopolies offered peace and stability but also tended to discourage experimentation and opposition since they sought to uphold the status quo.
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Develop a model to assess country risk. This assignment requiresyou to think through these considerations to develop yourperspective on measuring country risk.The spreadsheet (see the download link below) lists three factors-political, social, and economic-commonly cited as sources of country risk. Think about each factor and assign each a weight that represents the level of importance that you think it has for overall country risk. The sum of these weights should equal 100% (1.00). Once this is done, review the list of indicators associated with country risk.Using the Delphi approach, categorize each indicator according to whether you consider it to be a source of political, social, or economic risk. The list is not exhaustive and you should add (exclude) any indicators that you find relevant (irrelevant). Once you have settled on and categorized the relevant risk indicators within each risk factor group, develop a weighting scheme to assign each a weight that represents the level of importance that you think it has within each risk factor category (political, social, or economic.). As above, the sum of these weights within each factor category should equal 100% (1.00).Once you have settled on and categorized the relevant risk indicators within each risk factor group, develop a weighting scheme to assign each a weight that represents the level of importance that you think it has within each risk factor category (political, social, or economic.). As above, the sum of these weights within each factor category should equal 100% (1.00).
A developed model to assess country risk will evaluate political, economic and social factors to assess investment risks.
Assessing country risk is crucial for businesses and investors. To develop a model for measuring country risk, consider three factors: political, social, and economic risks. The first step is to assign weights to these factors based on their level of importance.
For instance, assign 40% weight to economic risk, 30% weight to political risk, and 30% weight to social risk.
The second step is to identify the indicators associated with each risk factor.
Use the Delphi approach to categorize each indicator as a source of political, social, or economic risk. Also add or exclude any relevant or irrelevant indicators.
Once the indicators are categorized, we need to develop a weighting scheme to assign weights to each indicator based on its level of importance within each risk factor category.
For example, within the political risk category, we may assign 40% weight to corruption, 30% weight to political stability, and 30% weight to government intervention.
Finally, we need to combine the weights of all indicators to obtain an overall risk score for a country. This score will help businesses and investors make informed decisions about their operations or investments in that country.
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an action taken to stop the import or export of goods and services completely
The action taken to stop the import or export of goods and services completely is called an embargo. An embargo is a government-imposed restriction that prohibits the trade of certain goods or services with specific countries or groups of countries for political, economic, or social reasons.
Embargoes are a tool used by governments to influence foreign policy and can have a significant impact on international trade and global markets. In some cases, embargoes may be partial, limiting only specific types of products or services.
However, when an embargo is complete, it effectively stops all trade with the affected countries or groups.
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What is the difference between a welfare economics and normativeeconomics statement? Give an example of both
Welfare economics and normative economics are related concepts, but they differ in focus and approach.
Definition of Welfare economics and normative economics and their exampleWelfare economics is a branch of economics that studies how to allocate resources to maximize society's overall well-being. It uses various criteria, such as Pareto efficiency and social welfare functions, to evaluate the distribution of goods and services.
An example of a welfare economics statement is: "Allocating resources to healthcare and education can improve social welfare by increasing life expectancy and human capital."
Normative economics, on the other hand, is concerned with making value judgments about economic policies and outcomes. It involves subjective opinions on what "should be" rather than what "is," and often addresses questions of equity and fairness.
An example of a normative economics statement is: "The government should raise taxes on the wealthy to reduce income inequality and promote social justice."
In summary, welfare economics focuses on maximizing societal well-being through efficient resource allocation, while normative economics deals with value judgments and ethical considerations in economic policy-making.
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In a competitive market, the effect of a binding price ceilingon the market outcome is:increase price, increase quantitydecrease price, increase quantityincrease price, decrease qua
In a competitive market, the effect of a binding price ceiling on the market outcome is: decrease price, increase quantity. A binding price ceiling is set below the equilibrium price, which causes a shortage, as the supply becomes limited and demand increases.
In a competitive market, the effect of a binding price ceiling on the market outcome is to decrease price and increase quantity. This is because a price ceiling sets a legal maximum price that sellers can charge, which is below the market equilibrium price. As a result, demand for the product will increase since consumers can now purchase the product at a lower price. At the same time, the supply of the product will decrease as producers are unable to charge their desired price, leading to a shortage. Therefore, the market outcome will be a lower price and a higher quantity demanded, but a lower quantity supplied.
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C. Bet The Cowtown Hotel is the only first-class hotel in Fort Worth, Texas. The hotel owners hired economics advisors for advice about improving the hotel's profitability. The advisors suggested that the hotel could increase this year's revenue by raising prices. The owners asked: "won't raising prices reduce the quantity of hotel rooms demanded and increase vacancies?" How do you think the advisors replied? Why would they suggest increasing prices?
The economic advisors likely replied to the owners' concerns by explaining the concept of price elasticity of demand and its relationship with total revenue. Price elasticity of demand measures the sensitivity of the quantity demanded of a good or service to a change in its price.
In the context of the Cowtown Hotel, it relates to how a change in room prices affects the quantity of hotel rooms demanded by customers.
The advisors would have suggested increasing prices because they believe that the demand for hotel rooms at the Cowtown Hotel is inelastic. Inelastic demand occurs when the percentage change in quantity demanded is less than the percentage change in price. In such a case, an increase in price would lead to a smaller decrease in the quantity demanded, resulting in higher total revenue for the hotel.
Since the Cowtown Hotel is the only first-class hotel in Fort Worth, it may have limited substitutes or competition. Customers who are seeking a first-class hotel experience might still book a room at the hotel despite the higher prices, due to the lack of comparable alternatives in the area. This lack of close substitutes contributes to the inelastic demand for the hotel rooms.
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What is an environmental life cycle assessment (LCA)? How dotreated wood, metal, and concrete poles compare?Please explain in detail
An environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) is a comprehensive evaluation of the potential environmental impacts of a product or service throughout its entire life cycle. This includes the extraction of raw materials, manufacturing, transportation, use, and end-of-life disposal or recycling.
When it comes to comparing treated wood, metal, and concrete poles, an LCA can help us understand the environmental impact of each option. In general, treated wood poles have a lower impact in terms of carbon emissions and energy consumption during manufacturing compared to metal and concrete poles. However, treated wood poles have a shorter lifespan and may require more frequent replacement, which can lead to increased waste and environmental impact over time.
Metal poles have a longer lifespan and are highly recyclable, which can reduce their overall environmental impact. However, the manufacturing process for metal poles is energy-intensive, which contributes to a higher carbon footprint compared to treated wood poles.
Concrete poles have a longer lifespan than treated wood poles and require less maintenance, which can reduce their overall environmental impact. However, the manufacturing process for concrete poles is also energy-intensive and can contribute to a higher carbon footprint compared to treated wood poles.
Overall, the choice between treated wood, metal, and concrete poles depends on various factors, including the specific application, local regulations, and environmental priorities. Conducting an LCA can help inform decision-making and identify opportunities for reducing the environmental impact of utility poles.
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If a technological improvement took place that cut production costs of computers, we would expect to see the equilibrium price of computers to O a decrease and the quantity of computers sold to decrease O b. decrease and the quantity of computers sold to increase O c increase and the quantity of computers sold to increase O d. increase and the quantity of computers sold to stay the same. O e. increase and the quantity of computers sold to decrease
If a technological improvement took place that cut production costs of computers, we would expect to see the equilibrium price of computers to b. decrease and the quantity of computers sold increases.
If a technological improvement took place that cut production costs of computers, we would expect to see the equilibrium price of computers decrease and the number of computers sold increase. This is because the decrease in production costs will enable suppliers to offer more computers at a lower price, which will attract more buyers to purchase the product.
As demand for computers increases due to the lower price, the equilibrium quantity of computers sold will increase, resulting in a new equilibrium point with a lower price and a higher quantity of computers sold.
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as firms enter and exit a monopolistically competitive market, what happens to productive efficiency in the long run? as firms enter and exit a perfectly competitive market, what happens to productive efficiency in the long run? group of answer choices
When new firms enter the market, there may be an increase in competition, which can lead to lower prices and higher levels of innovation as firms try to differentiate their products.
This increased competition can lead to improved productive efficiency as firms try to reduce costs and become more efficient to stay competitive. However, as firms exit the market, the remaining firms may have increased market power, which can lead to higher prices and reduced incentives to improve productive efficiency. Overall, the effect of entry and exit on productive efficiency in a monopolistically competitive market is mixed and depends on the specific circumstances of the market.
In contrast, in a perfectly competitive market, as firms enter and exit, productive efficiency tends to increase in the long run. This is because the market is characterized by a large number of small firms with no market power, meaning that firms must continually strive to produce at the lowest cost to remain competitive. Therefore, firms are incentivized to improve their productive efficiency over time. When new firms enter the market, they face the same competitive pressures, leading to further increases in productive efficiency. As firms exit, the remaining firms may have a larger market share, but they still face competition and must continue to innovate and improve to remain competitive. Thus, in a perfectly competitive market, entry and exit generally lead to improved productive efficiency in the long run.
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why would a start-up organization want to have a written business plan? it is required by federal law. it helps the organization achieve their expense projections. the business plan is often the key to raising capital. it helps the organization meet their target revenue goals.
While a written business plan may not be required by federal law, it is generally considered best practice for start-up organizations to have one in place.
There are several reasons why a start-up organization would want to have a written business plan, including:
1.Provides a roadmap: A well-written business plan can provide a clear roadmap for the organization's goals and objectives, including outlining the steps needed to achieve them. This can help ensure that everyone is on the same page and working towards a common goal.
2.Attracts investors: A business plan can be a key tool for attracting investors, as it demonstrates that the organization has a clear plan for how it will generate revenue and grow over time. A solid business plan can help investors feel more confident in the organization's ability to succeed and may increase the likelihood of receiving funding.
3.Helps with expense projections: A business plan can help the organization develop accurate expense projections, which can be critical for staying within budget and avoiding financial difficulties down the road.
4.Guides decision-making: A business plan can serve as a guide for decision-making, providing a framework for evaluating potential opportunities and making informed choices about where to invest time, money, and other resources.
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both if possible please2.5 pts Question 12 If the wage rate is lower than the value of the marginal product of labour, O a profit-maximizing competitive firm continues to hire more capital. O a profit-maximizing competitive
In a profit-maximizing competitive firm, the decision to hire more labor or capital depends on comparing the wage rate with the value of the marginal product of labor or capital, respectively.
If the wage rate is lower than the value of the marginal product of labor, then the firm will hire more labor, as each additional unit of labor will increase output by more than the cost of hiring that unit of labor. On the other hand, if the wage rate is higher than the value of the marginal product of labor, then the firm will not hire any more labor, as each additional unit of labor will cost more than the value it adds to output. Instead, the firm may choose to hire more capital, as long as the value of the marginal product of capital is higher than the cost of hiring that unit of capital. Therefore, if the wage rate is lower than the value of the marginal product of labor, a profit-maximizing competitive firm will continue to hire more capital until the marginal product of capital is equal to its cost, which is the condition for profit maximization. In this situation, the firm will expand production and increase profits as long as the market demand for its output remains strong.
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In a profit-maximizing competitive firm, the decision to hire more labor or capital depends on comparing the wage rate with the value of the marginal product of labor or capital, respectively.
If the wage rate is lower than the value of the marginal product of labor, then the firm will hire more labor, as each additional unit of labor will increase output by more than the cost of hiring that unit of labor. On the other hand, if the wage rate is higher than the value of the marginal product of labor, then the firm will not hire any more labor, as each additional unit of labor will cost more than the value it adds to output. Instead, the firm may choose to hire more capital, as long as the value of the marginal product of capital is higher than the cost of hiring that unit of capital. Therefore, if the wage rate is lower than the value of the marginal product of labor, a profit-maximizing competitive firm will continue to hire more capital until the marginal product of capital is equal to its cost, which is the condition for profit maximization. In this situation, the firm will expand production and increase profits as long as the market demand for its output remains strong.
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In a command economy, producers have all the choice about what goods and services to produce. True/ False
"In a command economy, producers have all the choice about what goods and services to produce." This is false.
A command economy is a crucial component of a political system in which the degree of output that is permitted and the prices that may be paid for goods and services are set by a central governing body. Most industries are owned by the public. The principal alternative to a command economy is a free market economy where supply and demand determine prices and output.
A communist political system includes a command economy, whereas capitalist countries have a free market. Government control, as opposed to private enterprise, according to proponents of command economies, can guarantee a just distribution of goods and services.
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at hitech corp., the leaders' efforts to build a collaborative relationship were met with resistance from union leaders until bankruptcy forced them to work together. this example shows that leaders must:
The example at HiTech Corp. shows that leaders must recognize the importance of collaboration and cooperation, and work to build positive relationships with all stakeholders, even those who may initially resist their efforts. In particular, leaders should aim to:
Communicate effectively: Leaders should communicate clearly and openly with stakeholders, explaining their vision for the company and the benefits of collaboration. They should listen to concerns and feedback, and address any misunderstandings or misconceptions.
Build trust: Leaders should work to build trust with stakeholders by demonstrating integrity, honesty, and transparency in their actions and decisions. They should follow through on commitments and be willing to compromise when necessary.
Focus on shared goals: Leaders should focus on the shared goals and interests of all stakeholders, rather than their own individual interests. They should seek to align everyone's efforts towards achieving common objectives.
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Under which of the following inventory costing methods is the ending inventory valued on the cost of the most recent purchases?a) First-In, First-Out.b) Weighted-average.c) Last-In, First-Out.d) Specific Identification.
The inventory costing method where the ending inventory is valued based on the cost of the most recent purchases is Last-In, First-Out (LIFO). The correct answer is option C.
In the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) inventory costing method, the cost of the most recent purchases is assumed to be the cost of goods sold, while the cost of older inventory is used to value the ending inventory. This means that the ending inventory is valued at the cost of the most recent purchases, as the older inventory has already been assumed to have been sold.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
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The unemployment rate A. shows the percentage of the labor force that is considered unemployed. B. shows the percentage of the population that is considered unemployed. C. is the amount of the labor force that is not working. D. is the amount of people in the population that are not working. Suppose an economy is given by the following: Population=293 milion Labor force=116millionThe number of people employed = 106.7 millionThe number of people unemployed = 9.3 millionGiven the information above, the unemployment rate is _____&.(Enter yout response rounded to one decimal place)
The unemployment rate is 8.0%. (rounded to one decimal place) Unemployment rate = (Number of unemployed / Labor force) x 100 Using the information given in the question: Number of unemployed = 9.3 million Labor force = 116 million.
Plugging these values into the formula, we get: Unemployment rate = (9.3 / 116) x 100 = 8.0% So the unemployment rate is 8.0% rounded to one decimal place. shows the percentage of the labor force that is considered unemployed. To calculate the unemployment rate.
Find the total number of people unemployed (given as 9.3 million). Find the total labor force (given as 116 million). Divide the number of people unemployed by the total labor force: 9.3 million / 116 million = 0.08017. Multiply the result by 100 to get the percentage, 0.08017 * 100 = 8.017%.
Now, round the answer to one decimal place: 8.0%., So, the unemployment rate is 8.0%.
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public opinion is one of the most powerful forces in society. what aspect of sport marketing is designed to formulate and shape favorable opinions through the mass media? select one: a. media relations b. agency relations c. community relations d. advertising
The aspect of sport marketing that is designed to formulate and shape favorable opinions through the mass media is advertising.Advertising is a powerful tool that allows sport marketers to reach a large audience and create a positive image of their product or brand.
Through advertising, sport marketers can showcase the benefits and advantages of their products, create emotional connections with their target audience, and influence their perceptions and attitudes towards the brand.
By using different media channels such as television, radio, print, and online platforms, sport marketers can increase brand visibility and awareness, generate buzz, and ultimately, drive sales. Therefore, advertising is an essential aspect of sport marketing that helps to shape public opinion and influence consumer behavior.
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when a firm sells products that meet the needs of many kinds of customers, it will most likely use a(n) blank targeting strategy because there is little need to formulate different strategies for different groups.
Because there is minimal need to develop unique tactics for various categories of clients, a company that offers items that satisfy the demands of many different types of customers is more likely to utilise a mass targeting approach.
When a firm sells products that meet the needs of many kinds of customers, it will most likely use a mass targeting strategy because there is little need to formulate different strategies for different groups. This strategy aims to appeal to the largest possible group of customers by creating a product that satisfies the needs and wants of the majority. By doing so, the firm can save costs associated with developing and promoting different products to different groups. However, this strategy may not be effective if there are significant differences in the needs and wants of different customer groups. In such cases, the firm may need to adopt a differentiated or concentrated targeting strategy.
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To reduce the time repair technicians need to spend traveling from one customer to the next, an appliance repair company could make a ___________ , becoming more efficient and hopefully more profitable.
To reduce the time repair technicians need to spend traveling from one customer to the next, an appliance repair company could make a geographic realignment or reorganization.
By grouping technicians together based on their location and the location of the customers they serve, the company can reduce travel time and increase the number of customers each technician can serve in a day. This type of realignment could also lead to more efficient use of resources, better customer service, and increased profitability. Additionally, it could help the company to better manage its inventory, scheduling, and other business processes, ultimately leading to improved operations and a stronger competitive position in the market.
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an increase in government spending a. shifts the lm curve down and to the right. b. shifts the lm curve up and to the left. c. does not shift the lm curve.
An increase in government spending can have an impact on the LM curve in the short run.
The LM curve is a graphical representation of the equilibrium between the money market and the goods market.
It shows the combinations of interest rates and output levels that maintain the balance between money supply and money demand.
When the government increases spending, it injects more money into the economy.
This increase in demand for goods and services can lead to an increase in output and employment, which in turn increases the demand for money.
As a result, the LM curve shifts down and to the right, indicating that at any given level of output, the interest rate has to be higher to maintain the balance in the money market.
The shift in the LM curve can have implications for the economy. With higher interest rates, borrowing becomes more expensive, leading to a decrease in investment and consumption.
This can, in turn, lead to a decrease in output and employment, reducing the demand for money and shifting the LM curve back up and to the left.
In the long run, the impact of government spending on the LM curve is less clear.
This is because the economy adjusts to the increase in government spending, leading to changes in prices and wages that can affect the money market equilibrium.
However, in the short run, an increase in government spending can lead to a shift in the LM curve down and to the right, reflecting the impact on interest rates and output.
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42. When the Japanese questioned the salaries of American CEOs during a time when many companies were having difficulty and laying off workers, they were making their judgments based upon:
a. utilitarian justice
b. distributive justice
c. procedural justice
d. rule-based justice
When the Japanese questioned the compensation of American CEOs at a time when many businesses were struggling and laying off employees, they were acting in accordance with utilitarian justice. Option a is Correct.
According to utilitarianism, every action taken by a person or by a government is righteous, moral, and virtue-promoting if it results in greater happiness for everybody. As a result, decisions are evaluated in light of their effects. Unjust actions are those that harm people's pleasure in general.
While choosing what to do for themselves alone, people just take into account their personal utility. For instance, the utilitarian viewpoint holds that you should select the flavor of ice cream that will make you feel the happiest if you are making a decision for yourself. Option a is Correct.
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an order for 110 units of product m has been placed. there are currently 30 units of product m on hand. each m requires 4 units of component n. there are 20 units of n on hand. what are the net requirements for n?
An order for 110 units of product m has been placed. there are currently 30 units of product m on hand. each m requires 4 units of component n. there are 20 units of n on hand. The net requirements for n is 300 units.
To produce 110 units of product M, 110 x 4 = 440 units of component N will be needed. Since there are currently 20 units of component N on hand and each M requires 4 units of N, the 30 units of M on hand require 30 x 4 = 120 units of component N. Therefore, the net requirements for component N would be: 440 - 120 - 20 = 300 units.
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Tempo Company's fixed budget (based on sales of 18,000 units) for the first quarter reveals the following.
Sales (18,000 units * $211 per unit) $3,790,000
Cost of goods sold: Direct materials $432,000 Direct labor 356,000 Production supplies 468,000 Plant manager salary 232,000 1,888,000
Gross profit 1,910,000
Selling expenses: Sales commissions 144,000 Packaging 270,000 Advertising 100,000 514,000
Administrative expenses: Administrative salaries 282,000 Depreciation-Office equipment. 252,000 Insurance 222,000 Office rent 232,000 988,000
Income from operations $408,000
Required:
1. Compute the total variable cost per unit.
2. Compute the total fixed costs.
3. Compute the income from operations for a sales volume of 16,000 units.
4. Compute the income from operations for a sales volume of 20,000 units
1. The total variable cost per unit for Tempo Company is $64.
2. The total fixed costs for Tempo Company are $1,220,000.
3. The income from operations for a sales volume of 16,000 units is $1,132,000.
4. The income from operations for a sales volume of 20,000 units is $1,720,000.
1. To compute the total variable cost per unit, we need to subtract the fixed costs from the cost of goods sold and divide by the number of units produced. Thus:
Total Variable Cost per Unit = (Cost of Goods Sold - Fixed Costs) / Units Produced
= ($1,888,000 - $232,000 - $468,000 - $356,000 - $432,000) / 18,000
= $1,152,000 / 18,000
= $64
2. To compute the total fixed costs, we need to add up all of the fixed costs incurred by the company during the first quarter. Thus:
Total Fixed Costs = Plant Manager Salary + Administrative Salaries + Depreciation + Insurance + Office Rent
= $232,000 + $282,000 + $252,000 + $222,000 + $232,000
= $1,220,000
3. To compute the income from operations for a sales volume of 16,000 units, we need to calculate the contribution margin per unit and multiply it by the number of units sold, then subtract the total fixed costs. Thus:
Contribution Margin per Unit = Sales Price per Unit - Total Variable Cost per Unit
= $211 - $64
= $147
Income from Operations for 16,000 Units = (16,000 x $147) - $1,220,000
= $2,352,000 - $1,220,000
= $1,132,000
4. To compute the income from operations for a sales volume of 20,000 units, we will use the same formula as above, substituting 20,000 for 16,000. Thus:
Income from Operations for 20,000 Units = (20,000 x $147) - $1,220,000
= $2,940,000 - $1,220,000
= $1,720,000
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Extrinsic motivation has a stronger linkage with creativity than internal motivation.
True or False?
The given statement "Extrinsic motivation has a stronger linkage with creativity than internal motivation." is false because internal motivation has a stronger linkage.
While extrinsic motivation, which comes from external rewards such as money or recognition, can provide an initial push towards creativity, research suggests that it may not be sufficient to sustain creative work in the long term.
Intrinsic motivation, on the other hand, arises from within an individual and involves pursuing a task for its own sake or the inherent satisfaction derived from it.
Studies have found that intrinsic motivation has a stronger association with creativity than extrinsic motivation, as it allows individuals to focus on the task at hand and explore their ideas without worrying about external rewards or evaluations.
That being said, extrinsic motivation can still play a role in creativity by providing a sense of direction and purpose, especially when combined with intrinsic motivation.
For example, a creative person may be motivated by the challenge of solving a complex problem (intrinsic motivation) and also by the potential financial rewards or recognition that may come from solving it (extrinsic motivation).
In sum, while both types of motivation can influence creativity, intrinsic motivation is generally seen as a stronger predictor of sustained creative output.
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a bond issued by a corporation on may 1, 1999, is scheduled to mature on may 1, 2019. if today is may 2, 2009, what is this bond's time to maturity? (assume annual interest payments.)
The bond issued by the corporation on May 1, 1999 has a time to maturity of 10 years. This is because the bond is scheduled to mature on May 1, 2019, and today is May 2, 2009. Since 10 years have elapsed between the two dates, the time to maturity of the bond is 10 years.
The bond will have made annual interest payments over the 10 year period and is considered a long-term debt instrument. The long-term nature of the bond means that interest rates are likely to remain relatively stable over the life of the bond. This makes the bond attractive to investors who are looking for a steady return on their investment over a longer period of time.
The bond issuer is also likely to benefit from a fixed rate of interest over the 10 year period, as the issuer will have a predictable cash flow. This can allow the issuer to plan for future expenses and investments.
Overall, the bond has a time to maturity of 10 years and offers investors and the issuer the ability to plan for the future.
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One of the most successful and well-known tools of __________ segmentation is VALS™ developed by Strategic Business Insights.
a. psychographic d. geoclustering
b. geographic e. emotional
c. demographic
One of the most successful and well-known tools of psychographic segmentation is VALS™ developed by Strategic Business Insights.
In order to sell effectively, psychographic segmentation splits consumers into various groups based on internal traits such as personality, values, beliefs, lifestyle, attitudes, hobbies, and social class.
It's important to recognise your clients as persons and not just as consumers of your brand.
The research process known as psychographic segmentation is used to examine consumers and categorise them based on psychological traits such as personality, lifestyle, social status, activities, interests, opinions, and attitudes.
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Why do fast-food restaurants tend to cluster in the same location Suppose that two fast-food franchises, A and B, initially locate near each other in the center of town. The state recently opened a new exit ramp from the nearby interstate highway. Although both restaurants are operating profit- ably, the restaurant owners calculate that by relocating near the intestate highway they will continue to receive some in-town business, but will benefit from sales to drivers using the exit as a rest stop. There are four possible strategy profiles: {Exit ramp, Exit ramp), (Exit ramp, Downtown}, {Downtown, Exit ramp), and (Downtown, Downtown). The respective pay- offs for (A, B), which are in millions of dollars are: (0.15, 0.15), (1.0, 0.1), (0.1, 1.0), and (0.25, 0.15). a. Does either player have a strictly-dominant strategy? b. Does this game have a Nash equilibrium strategy profile? c. Are these restaurants better off by forming a coalition? Is this coalition stable?
Fast-food restaurants tend to cluster in the same location because it allows them to benefit from economies of agglomeration.
This means that by locating near each other, they can share costs such as advertising, labor, and supplies, and also attract more customers due to the convenience of having multiple options in one location. In the scenario presented, it makes sense for the restaurants to relocate near the interstate highway in order to capture more sales from drivers using the exit as a rest stop.
a. Neither player has a strictly dominant strategy in this game. A strictly dominant strategy is a strategy that is always the best choice for a player regardless of what the other player chooses. In this case, the payoffs for each player depend on the strategy chosen by the other player.
b. Yes, this game has a Nash equilibrium strategy profile, which is (Exit ramp, Exit ramp). A Nash equilibrium is a strategy profile in which no player can improve their payoff by unilaterally changing their strategy.
c. It is possible that these restaurants would be better off by forming a coalition, as this would allow them to further share costs and potentially increase their bargaining power with suppliers. However, it is unclear from the information given whether or not a coalition would be stable. This would depend on factors such as the willingness of each restaurant to cooperate and the potential for new entrants into the market.
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You are interested in using rent control (RC) to curb the large increase in house prices across Canada?. You hypothesize that using rent control decreases the demand for houses because rent control makes it more profitable to rent rather than own a house. At the same time, you also believe that rent control increases the supply of houses because homeowners who were previously using their house to rent will see a decrease in their rental income, seek to sell their house and choose a more profitable endeavor. Together, both effects should make lead to a decrease in average house prices from rent control. You specify the following simple model to investigate the role of rent control (RCit) on house prices Pit Pit = Bo + BiRCit + Uit (1) Where i indexes individual houses and t indexes time in months. RCit is a dummy variable which equals 1 in where rent control is implemented, and 0 otherwise. Rent control has been implemented in various cities across Canada at various time. i. Provide a null and an alternative hypothesis that allows you to test your claim. Under what condition are your claims correct? ii. What critical assumption related to wit is required to test your claims? If policymakers have implemented rent control as a response to the house market crisis, do you believe this assumption would hold in the data? To relax the assumption in (ii), a friend of yours suggests including city fixed-effects aj in your model, where j indexes cities in which the house is located: Pit = Bo + ; + B1RCit + Eit Rent control refers to the practice of putting a maximum monthly rent that a homeowner can charge to his tenants. iii. Using first-difference (FD), modify the model in (2) to control for city fixed- effects. Show your steps. You will need to use this modified model to com- plete the rest of the problem. iv. What is the new assumption that must be satisfied to interpret Bı as the causal effect of rent control on housing prices? Given the information pro- vided, do you believe this assumption would hold? Another of your friend is quite worried there is still a problem, even when controlling for city fixed-effects. He believe there is reverse causality. In- deed, he believes cities have implemented rent control as a response to large changes in house prices: ARCit = 714Pit + Avit Where AXịt = Xịt - Xị,t-1. Fortunately, this other friend of yours is clever, and he suggests using changes in provincial government as an instrument for rent control. He believes cities in provinces that saw a change from conservatives govern- ments to liberal governments were more likely to implement rent control, independently of the housing market. Formally, ARCit = 71 Apit + 2AGovit + Avit (3) v. Use model (3) in conjunction with the model (2) after implementing first- difference to recover B1. What is your estimate of ßı? Show all steps Hint: review notes on reverse causality.
i. Null hypothesis: Rent control has no effect on house prices in Canada. Alternative hypothesis: Rent control decreases house prices in Canada.
The claims are correct if the hypothesis that rent control decreases demand and increases supply is true.
ii. The critical assumption related to Uit is that it is uncorrelated with RCit.
If policymakers have implemented rent control as a response to the house market crisis, it is possible that Uit is correlated with RCit, violating this assumption.
iii. First-difference modified model: Pit - Pi,t-1 = B1(RCit - RCi,t-1) + ai + (Ui,t - Ui,t-1)
iv. The new assumption that must be satisfied is that changes in RCit are uncorrelated with changes in Ui,t-1 after controlling for ai. Given the information provided, it is plausible that this assumption holds.
v. To use changes in provincial government as an instrument for rent control, we need to show that it is uncorrelated with Ui,t-1 after controlling for ai and that it affects RCit only through its effect on Apit. If these conditions are met, we can use two-stage least squares (2SLS) regression to estimate the causal effect of RCit on Pit. The estimate of B1 would be obtained from the second stage of the 2SLS regression.
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What is $0.473T in Balions? (entor a numerica with NO doo Abbreviations: - K Thousands - M- Millions • B- Billions - T-Trillions
The answer is 473 Billion.
To convert $0.473T into billions, we need to multiply the value by 1000 since each trillion contains 1000 billion. Therefore, $0.473T is equal to $473 billion.
The abbreviation T stands for Trillions, and the abbreviation B stands for Billions. To convert a value given in trillions to billions, we need to multiply the value by 1000. In this case, we have $0.473T, which means 0.473 trillion dollars. To convert this to billions, we multiply it by 1000, which gives us $473 billion.
Therefore, $0.473T is equal to $473 billion.
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When the elementary teacher needed to buy poster board for her class, she remembered that she had previously found some poster board at her local 99¢ Only, Walgreen's, and Family Dollar stores. What term best describes the information search method used by the teacher?
The term best describes the information search method used by the teacher is internal search
When conducting an internal search, a person consults their memories or previous experiences to find knowledge that can help them solve an issue or come to a decision. In the hypothetical situation, the teacher is recalling details about the shops where she had discovered poster boards from memory or previous experience.
Internal search should therefore be used in this situation. The teacher in this instance is also employing an external search strategy by memorizing the names of the stores where she previously discovered the poster board. This approach entails gathering data from sources other than oneself, such as other people, advertisements, or the media.
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