Water potential, which determines the potential energy present in waters and controls how water flows through plants, For photosynthesis to occur, plant use water uptake to move water to the leaves.
What is water potential?The energy needed to move an infinitesimally small amount of water first from sample to a comparative pool or pure free water is known as the water potential. Controlling the blood's water potential is referred to as osmoregulation. The blood is difficult because it contains so many ions, proteins, and other things.
Why does water potential exist?Pressure, gravity, and zeta potentials are a few variables that have an impact on water potential. A system's maximum potential energy grows with increasing pressure potential (p); a system's maximum possible energy falls with decreasing p. Cells constantly use up different substances, some more frequently than others depending on the time of day, night, sweat, tears, etc.
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When a muscle receives an impulse from the nervous system, it reacts and becomes short and thick. This production of force is called _______.
When a muscle receives an impulse from the nervous system, it reacts and becomes short and thick. This production of force is called muscle contraction.
What is nervous system?Nervous system is defined as the extremely sophisticated area of an animal that communicates messages to and from various regions of its body to coordinate its movements and sensory data. The nerves cylindrical bundles of fibers that emerge from the brain and spinal cord and repeatedly branch to innervate every part of the body are what give the nervous system its name.
Muscle contractions are brought on by an Action Potential that moves from the nerves to the muscles. The neurological system sends a signal, which triggers the onset of muscle contraction. A type of nerve cell called a motor neuron conducts the signal, an impulse known as an action potential.
Thus, when a muscle receives an impulse from the nervous system, it reacts and becomes short and thick. This production of force is called muscle contraction.
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a litter of mice from the mating of two agouti black parents includes offspring with the following fur colors: solid color, black solid color, brown (sometimes called chocolate) agouti black agouti brown (sometimes called cinnamon) what would be the expected frequency of agouti brown offspring in the litter?
The frequency of the offspring being agouti brown is 3/9.
Here, it is given that both of the parents are agouti black. The children might be of four types of colors - agouti black (AaBB), agouti brown (AaBb), solid black (AABB), and solid brown (AABb). We also know that the color black is dominant over brown. Agouti is dominant over a solid color.
The phenotypes of the offspring are going to be - (AABB, AABb, AAbb, AaBB, AaBb, Aabb, aaBB, aaBb, aabb)
Here, we see that the agouti brown type comes three times i.e., AAbb, Aabb, aabb.
This means that three of the nine progeny are going to be agouti brown in color.
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Imagine other traits that could have been received from parents: maybe one parent has brown hair and the other has blond hair, but the child has brown hair. Explain to the best of your abilities why a certain hair color or other traits may come from parents, but other traits may not be exhibited.
In humans, all and sundry has copies of every kind of chromosome. That manner they have got copies of every gene, however someone will deliver simplest the sort of genes to their child.
Someone may want to have a gene for brown hair and a gene for blond hair. He might deliver one of these trends to his child.
The blond allele is recessive, and receives included up. If brunette dad and mom have a blond child, they needed to have commands for making blond hair hidden of their DNA. You can think about recessive alleles as t-shirts, and dominant ones as jackets. If you put on one of every, simplest the jacket might be visible
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Consider the tall/short traits of pea plants. A pea plant that carries two tall alleles is?.
A pea plant that carries two high alleles is called a homozygous.
Homozygous and heterozygous alleles:If there are two identical alleles at the same genetic locus, the genotype of the gene is considered homozygous, and will usually produce a very clear phenotypic response in the body. However, if the two alleles are not the same, the genotype is called heterozygous, which is where things can get a little more complicated.
In the heterozygous situation, one allele may be dominant, while the other is recessive; in this case, the dominant allele will be expressed (e.g., brown eyes – dominant trait). In a homozygous situation where both alleles are dominant, the dominant trait will emerge. In a homozygous situation, where both alleles are recessive, the recessive trait will be phenotypically expressed (i.e., blue eyes – recessive trait).
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joe has a serious lung infection, probably atypical pneumonia. a sputum sample was taken. the lab technician stated that the lab isolated a bacterium that did not have any peptidoglycan and was highly pleomorphic. you hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be .
Joe has mycoplasma pneumonia that is a special characteristic of genus that did not have any peptidoglycan.
What is pneumonia?Pneumonia can be caused by viruses that invade your lungs and airways. The most prevalent causes of viral pneumonia in adults are the flu (influenza virus) and the common cold (rhinovirus). The most prevalent cause of viral pneumonia in young infants is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Although most patients with pneumonia react favorably to therapy, pneumonia can be extremely dangerous and even fatal. Complications are more likely if you are an older adult, a very young child, have a weakened immune system, or have a serious medical condition such as diabetes or cirrhosis.
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What two significant proteins of the muscles are involved in the contraction and relaxation of your muscles?.
In a species of beetles, males that have large horns are better able to fight off other males for access to females. This is an example of _______ selection.
In a species of beetles, men which have beetle horns are higher able to fight off other adult males to get the right of entry to girls. that is an example of intrasexual selection.
The intrasexual choice is commonly accountable for the evolution of male armaments including deer antlers, beetle horns, and large body length, that provide people with an advantage while combating off-ability competitors.
The intrasexual male competition takes place whilst males compete with one another for access to ladies or assets preferred via females. This opposition can arise immediately, including through contests, or indirectly thru numerous methods along with sperm opposition, mate guarding, patience contention, and sneaky copulations.
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Match each stage of translation with the key events that occur during that stage
a. Initiation
b. Elongation
c. Termination
1. Peptide bonds are formed between amino acids to synthesize a polypeptide
2. mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomal subunits are assembled
3. A release factor bind to the A site of the ribosome
Stage of translation with the key events that occur during that stage.
a. Initiation - 1. Peptide bonds are formed between amino acids to synthesize a polypeptide
b. Elongation - 2. mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomal subunits are assembled
c. Termination - 3. A release factor bind to the A site of the ribosome
The translation is the method wherein ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum synthesize proteins after the manner of transcription of DNA to RNA within the mobile's nucleus. The whole method is referred to as gene expression.
The process by means of which DNA is copied to RNA is referred to as transcription, and that through which RNA is used to produce proteins is referred to as translation. The translation is the system by means by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).
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HELPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP
Answers:
5. Describe how light microscopes are used to magnify objects:
When light reflects off of an object being viewed under the microscope and passes through the lens, it bends towards the eye. This makes the object look bigger than it actually is.
What are limitations of using a light microscope?Limitation: Low Resolution. Because optical microscopes use normal white light, the limit of their resolution is 200 nanometres. This means that objects smaller than this cannot be properly viewed by an optical microscope.
6.What is the advantage of using electron microscopes?
Advantages would be of course magnification and higher resolution
as electrons rather than light waves are used, it can be used to analyze structures which cannot otherwise be seen. The resolution of electron microscopy images is in the range of up to 0.2 nm, which is 1000x more detailed than light microscopy.
7.Contrast TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPES (TEM)with SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPES(SEM):The main difference between SEM and TEM is that SEM creates an image by detecting reflected or knocked-off electrons, while TEM uses transmitted electrons (electrons that are passing through the sample) to create an image.
8. Answer:All cells share four common components: plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes.
9. What is the defining characteristic of a prokaryotic cells?The defining characteristic of prokaryotes is that they lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus. The single chromosome, usually circular, is tightly wound and compact. The region of the cytoplasm containing the chromosome is called the nucleoid.
10.What is the defining characteristic of a eukaryotic cell?Eukaryotic cells are defined by the presence of a nucleus surrounded by a complex nuclear membrane.
Hope this helps^^Explanation:
Which of the following is a geological feature which is created by deposition?
The landform is a geological feature that is created by deposition.
The deposition is the act of depositing sediment that has been carried by the wind, water, sea, or ice. Pebbles, sand, mud, and salts that have been dissolved in water can all be used to convey sediment.
The deposition is the process of adding substance to a surface, typically in the form of sediment, rock, or soil particles. When the particles leave their suspension and land on the surface, they are frequently deposited from a fluid.
Deposition may take place as a result of wind or water currents, as well as when they are transported with other moving solids. Usually, erosion in one location leads to deposition in another; materials are worn, eroded, or knocked loose before settling elsewhere.
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if an organism found itself in a suddenly colder environment, and if the body temperature dropped, what changes at the molecular level could be instituted to maintain membrane fluidity?
More glycerophospholipids containing cis double bonds should be substituted.
A molecular example is what?Inorganic substances known as molecular compounds are made up of separate molecules. Examples include common compounds like carbon dioxide and water (H2O) (CO2). These substances differ significantly from ionic substances like table salt (NaCl).
What in chemistry is a molecular unit?A molecules is the smallest element of the a substance that keeps its content and properties. It is made up of two or even more atoms that are joined together by chemical bonds. Chemistry is built on molecules. The chemical symbol and just a subscript indicating the number many atoms are used to identify molecules.
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Which of the following DOES NOT OCCUR
in Prophase (which includes
prometaphase)?
the nuclear membrane starts to break
down and desintegrates
chromosomes line up at the equator of the
cell
the chromatin condenses into
chromosomes
the centrioles form spindle fibers
spindle fibers attach to the kinetochore of
the chromosomes
Answer:
Chromosomes line up at thr equator of the cell.
Explanation:
Chromosomes line up at thr equator of the cell occurs in metaphase. So, it aint occur in prophase
What are the 4 nucleotides DNA?
There are four nucleotides or bases , they are adenine(A),guanine (G), cytosine(C) and thymine (T)
What are nucleotides?
Nucleotides are organic molecules made up of a phosphate and a nucleoside. They function as monomeric units of the essential biomolecules found in all life forms on Earth, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and ribonucleic acid (RNA), which are both nucleic acid polymers. In addition to being produced by the liver from common nutrients, nucleotides can also be obtained through diet.
A nucleobase, a five-carbon sugar (ribose as well as deoxyribose), as well as a phosphate group made up of one to three phosphates are the three subunit molecules that make up a nucleotide. Guanine, adenine, cytosine, and thymine are the four nucleobases found in DNA; uracil is utilized in place of thymine in RNA.
A sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) is joined to a phosphate group and a base that contains nitrogen to form a nucleotide.
Thymine is replaced in RNA by the nucleotide uracil (U). Polymers consisting of extensive chains of nucleotides make up DNA and RNA molecules.
so, the four nucleotides in DNA re adenine, guanine, cytosine an thymine.
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How is volvox different from paramecium and euglena?
A) Volvox is composed of multiple cells, while paramecium and euglena are both composed of single cells.
B)Volvox uses a different way of moving from both paramecium and euglena.
C)Volvox takes in food from the environment, while paramecium and euglena make their own food.
D)Volvox does not have a nucleus, while both paramecium and euglena do have a nucleus.
Volvox is composed of multiple cells, while paramecium and euglena are both composed of single cells.
The primary distinction between volvox, paramecium, and euglena is that volvox is a green alga that lives in freshwater colonies, whereas paramecium is a ciliate protozoan that resembles the shape of a shoe, and euglena is a single-celled flagellate eukaryote with both plant and animal characteristics.
A volvox is a colony of cells, whereas a euglena is a single cell. A volvox moves with flagella, whereas a euglena moves with cilia. A volvox must capture its food, whereas a euglena can make its own. A euglena reproduces only sexually, whereas a volvox reproduces only asexually. Euglena obtains food through photosynthesis, whereas Volvox obtains food through pseudopods that surround it.
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Why are urchin barrens positively correlated with the presence of killer whales?.
Urchin barrens positively correlated with the presence of whales because it is easier to find sea otters near the urchin barrens.
Urchin barrens are places in the ocean where sea urchins have eaten so many kelp plants that they grew to become a kelp forest into something like a barren region. This happens when there are too many sea urchins. The fish, krill, and other animals that stay in the kelp both die or go away.
In positive regions, wherein an as soon wholesome kelp wooded area existed, now lies an underwater desert referred to as an urchin barren. these urchin barrens incorporate low biodiversity, due to the fact the kelp forests that once furnished critical habitat at the moment are nonexistent.
In spite of their name, urchin barrens are usually plentiful with marine invertebrates existence, echinoderms especially. Species inclusive of the sunflower starfishes, brittle stars, and the red sea urchin are not unusual. although macrofauna along with those is aplenty, there is little number one productiveness among microorganisms.
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domestic cats have 38 chromosomes in their diploid cells. if a diploid cat cell enters meiosis, how many chromosomes and double-helical molecules of dna will be present in each daughter cell at the end of meiosis ii? domestic cats have 38 chromosomes in their diploid cells. if a diploid cat cell enters meiosis, how many chromosomes and double-helical molecules of will be present in each daughter cell at the end of meiosis ii? 19 chromosomes and 19 double-helical dna molecules 38 chromosomes and 38 double-helical dna molecules 19 chromosomes and 38 double-helical dna molecules 38 chromosomes and 76 double-helical dna molecules
At the end of meiosis ii are 19 chromosomes and 38 double-helical DNA molecules. Option C.
Each daughter cell has 38 chromosomes just like the parent cell. Exceptions occur during the gamete formation of sperm and egg. Instead of mitosis, germ cells use meiosis. Meiosis halves the number of chromosomes in daughter cells to 19. If a cell has 24 chromosomes of hers and undergoes mitosis to create two cells of hers, each daughter cell also has 24 of her chromosomes.
Mitosis is the process of cell division in which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells, each daughter cell being genetically identical to the parent cell. Meiosis is the process of creating haploid cells from diploid cells. The difference between haploid and diploid cells is that haploid cells contain one complete set of chromosomes, while diploid cells contain two complete sets of chromosomes Meiosis involves the division of the diploid parent cell.
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in a system, such as the one with sheep predation in australia, if the number of top predators were increased, what is the most likely impact on other trophic levels in the ecosystem? the number of mesopredators, like red foxes (vulpes velox), would , and the number of herbivores such as sheep would
In a system, such as the one with sheep predation in Australia, if the number of top predators were increased, then this would cause a decrease in intermediate consumers and benefit primary producers. Mesopredators like red foxes would be negatively affected.
Herbivores such as sheep which are primary consumers have a negative effect on the trophic level immediately below them, but a positive effect on two trophic levels away by alleviating consumer pressure.
Predation often greatly reduces the prey population density and alters the community composition and species diversity.
In general, too many predators and not enough prey leads to predators starving and dying because they can't find enough food and in this case the number of herbivores such as sheep would go down because of increased predators.
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Pt 2 PLS HELP MEEEE Lol
answer: condensing water vapor, 71%, water cycle, encounter mountains, and relative humidity and dew point
Answer:
condensing water vapor, 71% ,water cycle, encounters mountains, dew point
Explanation:
you wish to clone the nematode unc-79 gene, which you show is tightly linked to the mpk-1 gene, a gene that has already been cloned. briefly explain how you would go about cloning the unc-79 gene. what is the name given to the strategy that you will use?
The name of the strategy to clone nematode unc-79 is positional cloning or chromosome walk.
Cloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical or virtually identical DNA, either by natural or artificial means. In nature, some organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction. In the field of biotechnology, cloning is the process of creating cloned organisms or copies of cells and of DNA fragments
Asexual reproduction is the mode of reproduction where only one parent is involved. Most of the cloning procedure is done in asexual reproduction as it is a means of producing off springs.
Cloning is commonly used to amplify DNA fragments containing whole genes, but it can also be used to amplify any DNA sequence such as promoters, non-coding sequences and randomly fragmented DNA. It is used in a wide array of biological experiments and practical applications ranging from genetic fingerprinting to large scale protein production.
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After transformation of e. Coli with pglo, why are the cells grown in lb broth for 20 minutes before plating on amp plates?.
The Green Fluorescent Protein takes around 20 minutes to be transcribed and translated , on the other hand Arabinose promoter needs at least 20 minutes before RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter .
In general they have phenotypic lag of 20 minutes before the b-lactamase gene for Amp resistance can be expressed . we observe no growth of bacteria because it was not exposed to pGLO plasmid and lacked ampicillin resistance. If They were exposed to AMP and arabinose sugar, this cause bacteria to grow with ampicillin resistance.
The main purpose of spreading pGLO on the LB plate is to help bacteria to grow, otherwise the ampicillin would kill them. In case ,pGLO is not spread, then the cells would be killed by the ampicillin.
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What might account for the relatively light color of mice living in study area E? How could you study this further?
Answer:
Variation: Within a population of mice on the lava flow, some individuals had the dark fur trait, whereas others did not. Inheritance: The differences in mouse fur colour are inherited (passed from parents to offspring). The origin of the variation stems from mutations.
Explanation:
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What do we call the unlearned, involuntary responses that occur automatically in the presence of certain stimuli?.
Question 2 of 25 Which statement best describes an example of science influencing society? A. Environmental research results in the banning of DDT in many places. B. Governments identify a public health risk caused by mosquitos. OC. People are concerned about illnesses carried by mosquitos. D. Scientists find that high amounts of DDT are harmful to wildlife. SUBMIT
The statement that best describes an example of science influencing society is Governments identify a public health risk caused by mosquitos.
The viewpoint and knowledge of science have an effect on society. The information provided by science and the techniques employed by scientists has an impact on the viewpoints of many members of society about themselves, others, and the environment.
Science must address societal requirements as well as global issues. It is vital that the general public comprehends science and engages with it in order to enable people to make informed decisions about their personal and professional lives.
The biggest joint endeavor is science. It makes us live longer and healthier lives, monitors our health, provides us with medication to treat illnesses, lessens our discomfort, and enables us to access the water we require to thrive.
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which one of the following is not an advantage for having a child earlier rather than later in life?
Having a child sooner rather than later in life is not advantageous since parents are more aware of what they want from the family roles.
What makes families so important?These bonds are essential because they provide us with support in both good and bad times. The importance of family can't be overstated because they can offer continual affection, stability, and support. They also work tirelessly to bring out the best in you, even when you can't see it for yourself.
What is unique about a family?A healthy, happy family is one that values respect. Even if we might not always agree with the decisions that our family members make daily or in life, family nevertheless values and respects those differences. Our uniqueness comes from our variances.
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Which factors make sequencing by the sanger chain-termination method possible? select all that apply.
Gel electrophoresis can be used to differentiate the sizes of duplex nucleic acid molecules. A duplex molecule can be created by joining complementary separate nucleic acid sequences.
What is duplex RNA or DNA?The duplex structure supports the Watson-Crick base pairing model for GNA containing antiparallel strands. The right-handed helical ribbon that is wrapped around the helix axis to create a big hollow core is how one can define the duplex secondary structure, which is different from the canonical A- & B-form nucleic acids.
How are RNA duplexes created?One of the most biologic systems is the duplex synthesis of nucleic acids. During replication, RNA primers create a duplex with parental strand of DNA. (1) A brief stretch of duplex must be formed during translation in order to recognize codons against anticodons.
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all of the following vitamins play a critical role in dna synthesis except: vitamin b6. thiamin. folate. vitamin b12.
The correct answer is option A.
The vitamin which does not play a critical role in DNA synthesis is vitamin B6.
What is vitamin B6?
Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine is liquid soluble vitamin. Deficiency of vitamin B6 can cause weakness in immune system.
It belongs to the class of B vitamins and is found naturally in several foods such as banana, avocado and nuts.
This vitamin is essential for the brain development and growth and is also vital for maintaining the health of immune and nervous system. Important sources of this vitamin are chickpeas, fish, potatoes and poultry.
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A ___ is a type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells. This type of cell also removes dead cells and stimulates the action of other immune cells.
A macrophage is a type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells. This cell type also removes dead cells as well as stimulates the action of other immune cells.
Leukocytes are the white blood cells present inside the body. These are synthesized in the bone marrow of the bones. The cells may be present in blood as well as the lymph fluid. The most important function of leukocytes is to help in maintaining and increasing the immunity of the body by fighting the foreign invaders.
Immunity is the ability of the body to protect itself by fighting with the foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses etc. More healthy and disease-free an organism is, more is his immunity.
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spontaneous mutation rates are greatly reduced by
Answer: DNA repair mechanisms
Explanation:
What are three products of cellular respiration?The three products of cellular respiration are1. _________________________________________2. _________________________________________3. _________________________________________
The three products of cellular respiration are:
1. Water
2. Carbon dioxide
3. ATP
What is cellular respiration?
The metabolic process known as cellular respiration uses glucose to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an organic chemical the body can use as fuel. A single glucose molecule can generate a net of 30-32 ATP
Usable ATP energy is produced during cellular respiration and is used to sustain several other bodily functions. For energetically unfavorable reactions that would not ordinarily occur without an energy input, ATP is especially crucial.
Glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation are the three basic processes that take place during cellular respiration. The citric acid cycle happens in the mitochondrial matrix, oxidative phosphorylation happens on the inner mitochondrial membrane, and glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm.
Hence, the three products of cellular respiration are carbon dioxide, water and ATP.
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Skeletal muscles have a reserve of direct atp to sustain contraction. Using the atp reserve only, how long can intense exercise occur?.
Intense exercise can be performed using ATP reserves from skeletal muscles for 3-5 seconds.
ATP or Adenosine Tri Phosphate is the main source of energy for muscle contraction and ATP comes from the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats by breaking down phosphoerectin and glycogen. ATP reserves can be used optimally within 3-5 seconds, while ATP recovery takes 3-5 minutes.
The mechanism of muscle contraction begins when a signal is sent from the nervous system to the cells in the muscle. Signals start from motor neurons to neuromuscular which are ordered by the brain when they want to do something that requires muscle movement. And the breakdown of ATP will release energy which can cause myosin to be able to pull on actin and also shorten the muscle.
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