a network protocol may do the following (check all that apply): group of answer choices specify actions taken upon message transmission specify the order of messages sent and received specify actions taken upon m
A protocol for network communication enables basic data transfers between network devices. A network protocol is a set of rules that have been designed to control how data is moved between different devices connected to the same network.
A network protocol is a set of rules that have been designed to control how data is moved between different devices connected to the same network. Essentially, it makes it possible for connected devices to communicate with one another regardless of differences in their internal workings, organizational systems, or aesthetics. Due to their ability to enable global communication, network protocols are crucial to modern digital communications. Network protocols break down large-scale operations into smaller, more specialized jobs or functions, each component within Network protocol.
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1. The large and powerful computers which are used in air-conditioned rooms are called (a) Mainframe computers (b) microcomputers (c) Minicomputers (d) Supercomputers.
problem 7 network address address class default subnet mask custom subnet mask total number of subnets total number of host addresses number of usable addresses number of bits borrowed 10.0.0.0 /16 what is the 11th subnet range? what is the subnet number for the 6th subnet? what is the subnet broadcast address for the 2nd subnet? what are the assignable addresses for the 9th subnet?
The 11th subnet range is = 10.10.0.0 to 10.10.255.255
The broadcast address of the 2nd subnet will be = 10.1.255.255
The assignable address range for the 9th subnet will be = 10.8.0.1 to 10.8.255.254
5 is the subnet number for the 6th subnet
Each device has an IP address made up of two parts: the client, also known as the host address, and the server, also known as the network address. A DHCP server or a user must manually configure IP addresses (static IP addresses). The subnet mask divides the IP address into host and network addresses, designating which portion of the address belongs to the device and which to the network. A gateway, also known as the default gateway, joins local devices to other networks. As a result, whenever a local device wants to send data to a device with an IP address on a different network, the gateway receives the packets first and then passes them on to the intended recipient outside of the local network.
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uses URLs and the hypertext protocol to make online files easily accessible to users
A. browser
B. packets
C. IP addresses
D. internet
E. World Wide Web
Answer:
browser
browser is a computer program that enables you to use hypertext links, motion, and other features.
to track and collect alerts generated by a network monitoring system and pass them to a central server, where they can be automatically picked up, evaluated, and, when appropriate, logged as an incident, a system would be best.
All occurrences are recorded, all recordings are kept forever, and there is endless time and money to go over all the recorded data in digital investigative heaven.
Commercially available log gathering, analysis, and reporting systems are available. In addition to options for storing logs, log management systems include a configuration interface that enables administrators to set log retention parameters for each specific data source. The essential nonrepudiation capabilities, such as "signing" logs with a calculated hash that can be afterwards compared to the files as a checksum, are also provided by log management systems at the time of collection. After being gathered, the logs can also be searched, analyzed, and produced prefiltered reports that display log data pertinent to a certain function or purpose.
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Common security and privacy risks that occur on a network are
USB Drives
Insider Threats
Wireless Networking
Email Cams
Common security and privacy risks that occur on a network are option B: Insider Threats.
What are insider threats?Insider threat is defined by the Cyber and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) as the risk that an insider will intentionally or unintentionally use his or her permitted access to harm the mission, resources, and others.
The common security threats are:
Viruses and wormsDrive-by download attacks. Phishing attacks. Ransomware, etc.Note that an insider threat can make your network to be in a huge risk of being attacked.
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Answer: C
Explanation:
known for its software products, including microsoft windows operating systems, the microsoft office suite, and the internet explorer web browser, microsoft's big break was in 1980, when a partnership was formed with ibm which resulted in microsoft providing a crucial operating system, dos, for ibm pcs. this meant that for every ibm computer sold a royalty was paid to microsoft.
Microsoft is known for its software products, windows, office suite, and for internet explorer.
Microsoft is considered the pioneer in computer technology and software. The question is asked about who is known for the given scenario in this question. The best answer to this question is Microsoft. Because Microsoft in the world is known for its software products in the industry such as Microsoft Windows operating systems, Microsoft Office, office 365, internet explorer, and Microsoft Edge as a web browser.
However, the remaining text in the given question is not part of the question. This text is an history fact of Microsoft.
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given the following pseudocode, which is the argument? module main() call curvescore(82) end module module curvescore(integer score) declare integer newscore set newscore
The argument is 82 in the provided pseudocodes. Pseudocode is a made-up, informal language that aids in the creation of algorithms by programmers.
The vast majority of programmers are familiar with pseudocode. It allows the programmer to focus solely on the code development process' algorithmic component. It can't be turned into an executable program through compilation. The values that are sent between programs, functions, or subroutines are known as arguments. The argument that is supplied to the function curve in this pseudocode is Score, which is 82 in the main module. The curve Score's is then visible. As a result, the function will assign the score a value of 82. So, 82 is the correct response to this query.
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The designers of a database typically begin by developing a __________ to construct a logical representation of the database before it is implemented.
The designers of a database typically begin by developing a Data model to construct a logical representation of the database before it is implemented.
What is a data model?
A data model in database is a type of data model that determines the logical structure of a database. It fundamentally determines in which manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated. They are three primary data models namely: relational, dimensional, and entity-relationship (E-R).
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write a recursive grammar for the language of strings of one or more letters. the fi rst letter of each string must be uppercase, and all other letters in the string must be lowercase.
<goodString> =<UpCh>|<UpCh> <ch>
<UpCh> = A|B|C...|Z
<ch> = a|b|c...|z
You don't currently have recursive grammar. A recursive grammar would or will have at least one production that (directly or indirectly) invokes itself on the right side. "An endless amount of lower case letters" would be the most appropriate phrase to employ in this situation. Because of this, I would define a lower case string (or whatever) as either nil or a lower case string that is followed by a lower case letter. Your word will then start with an uppercase letter and end with a string of lowercase letters.
The lower case string can be defined in this situation as either a character followed by a string or as a string followed by a character.
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during analysis, you create a new column f. at the top of the column, you add the attribute average percentage of total sales - splashtastic. select the correct definition for an attribute.
Based on the above, the correct definition for an attribute is known to be called an attribute.
What is an attribute in Microsoft Excel?Text characteristics describe the visual appearance of a specific font. For instance, you could use the bold property to draw attention to certain parts of your text or italics to highlight a term that is being defined (as in the first sentence of this paragraph).
These text properties are referred to as font styles in Excel. Since you need to add the attribute average percentage of total sales - splashtastic, it is said to be an attribute
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Write a function duplicate_link that takes in a linked list link and a value. Duplicate_link will mutate link such that if there is a linked list node that has a first equal to value, that node will be duplicated. Note that you should be mutating the original link list link; you will need to create new links, but you should not be returning a new linked list.
A function duplicate_link that takes in a linked list link and a value and mutates such that if there is a linked list node that has a first equal to value, that node will be duplicated is given below:
The Functionvoid Form2NoDupListsUsgGivenList(Node * head1, Node *& head2)
{
head2 = 0;
if(!head1)
return;
Node * pre = 0,
* cur1 = 0;
pre = head1;
cur1 = head1->link;
/****************************************************************************
* FIRST CASE: add the first node to the second list
***************************************************************************/
while(cur1)
{
if(cur1->data == head1->data) //a duplicate was found
{
if(!head2) //it was the first duplicate
{
pre->link = cur1->link;
head2 = cur1;
head2->link = 0;
cur1 = pre->link;
}
else //it was not the first duplicate
{
pre->link = cur1->link;
delete cur1;
cur1 = pre->link;
}
}
else //increment
{
pre = cur1;
cur1 = cur1->link;
}
}
if(!head2) //there were no duplicates of the first item in list 1
{
Node * newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = head1->data;
newNode->link = 0;
head2 = newNode;
}
/****************************************************************************
* ALL OTHER CASES
***************************************************************************/
Node * listAnchor = head1->link, //points to node being checked
* cur2 = head2; //points to the end of list2
//cur2 will contain 0 until it has
//received a dup from list1 or a new
//Node has been created and appended
while(listAnchor) //while nodes in first list
{
pre = listAnchor;
cur1 = listAnchor->link;
while(cur1) //listAnchor not last element
{
if(cur1->data == listAnchor->data) //duplicate found
{
if(cur2->data != listAnchor->data) //it's the first duplicate
{
pre->link = cur1->link;
cur2->link = cur1;
cur2 = cur2->link;
cur2->link = 0;
cur1 = pre->link;
}
else //it's not the first duplicate
{
pre->link = cur1->link;
delete cur1;
cur1 = pre->link;
}
}
else
{
pre = cur1;
cur1 = cur1->link;
}
}
if(cur2->data != listAnchor->data)
{
Node * newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = listAnchor->data;
newNode->link = 0;
cur2->link = newNode;
cur2 = cur2->link;
}
listAnchor = listAnchor->link;
}
}
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write an excel formula in cell models!h3 to determine the base price for the classic european home. this formula should also work when you copy it down to determine the base price for the new american home, cse favorite, etc. recall that the base price for each model depends on the number of levels and total square footage of the home. ($/sf for all combinations of stories) square footage can be found in the base worksheet.
The selling price can be the base pricing plus the fundraising fee, enabling you to define fundraising fees on a product level. The base price can be the amount you charge the team.
The sticker price is the amount that the dealership lists as the asking price when a car is put up for sale. This price includes extra fees for things like transportation (sometimes known as a destination fee), setup expenses, and dealer- or aftermarket-installed items. The base price is a product's first asking price. It includes both the cost price and the markup required for the product's selling. The base price per square foot (BSP) of the property is the price at which the seller has placed it for sale.
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the speed of a file transfer from a server on campus to a personal computer at a student's home on a weekday evening is normally distributed with a mean of 63 kilobits per second and a standard deviation of four kilobits per second. (a) what is the probability that the file will transfer at a speed of 74 kilobits per second or more? round your answer to three decimal places (e.g. 98.765).
The probability that the file will transfer at a speed of 74 kilobits per second or more is 0.226
In the given problem we have:
The file transfer Mean as 63 and variance as 4
a). To find the probability that the file will transfer at a speed of 63 kilobytes per second or more.
Thus,
P(X≥63) = 1 - P(X≥63)
P(X≥63) = 1 - P(Z< (x- u/o)
P(X≥63) = 1 - P(Z< (74- 63/4)
P(X≥63) = 1 - P(Z< (72.75)
P(X≥63) = 1 - 0.7738
P(X≥63) = 0.2262
P(X≥63) = 0.226
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81.4% complete question an intruder monitors an admin's unsecure connection to a server and finds some required data, like a cookie file, that legitimately establishes a session with a web server. what type of attack can the intruder perform with the cookie file?
A type of computer attack known as a "header-based attack" makes use of the attacker's capacity to tamper with arbitrary header data to take advantage of a weakness in the program that processes the target's header.
Using a fake card reader to record card information, which the attacker then programs into a copy. an online horizontal brute-force attack. Software may cause system instability by failing to release allocated memory after it has finished utilizing it. Techniques used by adversaries to passively or actively gather data that can be utilized to help targeting are referred to as reconnaissance. In IP spoofing, a hacker manipulates the source address in the packet header using tools to trick the receiving computer system into accepting the packet by making it appear as though it came from a reliable source, such as another computer on a legitimate network.
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the talk-a-lot cell phone company provides phone services for its customers. create an abstract class named phonecall that includes a string field for a phone number and a double field for the price of the call. also include a constructor that requires a phone number parameter and that sets the price to 0.0. include a set method for the price. also include three abstract get methods—one that returns the phone number, another that returns the price of the call, and a third that displays information about the call.
abstract class PhoneCall
{
String phoneNumber;
double price;
PhoneCall(String phoneNumber)
{
this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber;
this.price = 0.0;
}
public String getPhoneNumber() {
return phoneNumber;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public abstract void setPrice();
}
public class DemoPhoneCalls {
public static void main(String [] args) {
incomingPhoneCall.info();
outgoingPhoneCall.info();
}
}
An abstract class is a class that has been explicitly designated as such; it may or may not contain abstract methods. Although abstract classes cannot be created, they can be subclassed. Whenever an abstract class is subclassed, the parent class's abstract methods are typically implemented by the subclass. If you want to give all component implementations a common, implemented feature, you use an abstract class. When compared to interfaces, abstract classes allow you to partially implement your class while interfaces would have no implementation at all for any of the members. An abstraction that makes it simple to add more vehicles is, for instance, a Vehicle parent class from which Truck and Motorbike inherit.
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you have an azure virtual machine named computer5 and a recovery services vault named vault5. computer5 contains the following data disks: diska has a size of 512 gb diskb has a size of 30 tb diskc has a size of 26 tb diskd has a size of 2.0 tb which data disks can you back up to vault5?
The data disks that you can back up to Vault5 are: DiskA, DiskB, DiskC, and DiskD.
What is a hard disk drive?A hard disk drive can be defined as an electro-mechanical, non-volatile data storage device that is made up of magnetic disks (platters) that rotates at high speed.
What is virtualization?Virtualization simply refers to the creation of an abstract layer over computer hardware primarily through the use of a software, in order to enable the operating system (OS), storage device, server, etc., to be used by end users over the Internet such as a Virtual machine (VM).
In Computer technology, a Virtual machine (VM) that is integrated with a recovery service can be used to back up hard disk drive with a data storage space that ranges from 512 gigabyte (GB) to 30 terabyte (TB).
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Complete Question:
You have an Azure virtual machine named Computer5 and a Recovery Services vault named Vault5. Computer5 contains the following data disks:
• DiskA has a size of 512 GB
• DiskB has a size of 30 TB
• DiskC has a size of 26 TB
• DiskD has a size of 2.0 TB
Which data disks can you back up to Vault5?
Select only one answer.
DiskA only
DiskB only
DiskC only
DiskD only
DiskA, DiskB, DiskC, and DiskD
Answer: DiskA, DiskB, DiskC, and DiskD
Explanation: 512 gigabyte (GB) up to 30 terabyte (TB) is supported.
question 3. (30 pts) (6 points each) consider the following relations. the key fields are bold and underlined. employee (ssn, name) project1 (id, name, mgr ssn) work on (ssn, id, year)
Designed for managing data stored in a relational database management system, SQL is a database language. IBM created SQL for the first time in the early 1970s (Date 1986).
The original SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language) version was created to access and handle data held in IBM's System R quasi-relational database management system. The first SQL implementation to be made commercially available was Oracle V2, which was released for VAX systems in the late 1970s by Relational Software Inc., later to become Oracle Corporation. In this chapter, we'll concentrate on utilizing SQL as a data defining language to build databases and table architectures (DDL).
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a. host a is sending host b a large file over a tcp connection. assume host b has no data to send host a. host b will not send acknowledgments to host a because host b cannot piggyback the acknowledgments on data. b. the size of the tcp rwnd never changes throughout the duration of the connection. networks, homework 3. instructor: rajendra v. boppana 220918 2 c. suppose host a sends host b a large file over a tcp connection. the number of unacknowledged bytes that a sends cannot exceed the receive buffer size. d. suppose host a sends a large file to host b over a tcp connection. if the sequence number for a segment of this connection is m, then the sequence number for the subsequent segment will necessarily be mm 1. e. the tcp segment has a field in its header for rwnd. f. suppose that the last samplertt in a tcp connection is 1 sec. the current value of timeoutinterval for the connection will be ≥ 1 sec. g. suppose host a sends one segment with sequence number 38 and 4 bytes of payload over a tcp connection to host b. in this same segment, the acknowledgment number is necessarily 42.
A)False Host b can send acknowledgment.
B)False rwnd can change during TCP connection.
C)True rwnd is less than rcvr buffer.
D)False It is not required.
E) True size of file is 16 bite.
G)False acknowledgment number will not be 42.
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), a communications standard that enables computer hardware and software to exchange messages over a network, is referred to by the abbreviation "TCP." It is made to transmit packets across the internet and guarantee the successful transmission of data and messages through networks. Numerous internet applications, including as the World Wide Web (WWW), email, File Transfer Protocol, Secure Shell, peer-to-peer file sharing, and streaming video, heavily rely on TCP. To provide dependable packet transfer over IP, a transport protocol called TCP is used. Many of the issues associated with packet-based messaging, including lost, out-of-order, duplicate, and corrupted packets, are addressed by the mechanisms built into TCP.
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three advantages associated with a software-defined network include . a. the risk of human error is reduced, overall network support and operations costs are reduced, and new applications can be made available sooner b. the ability to support more concurrent devices, minimal infrastructure changes, and lower latency c. the ability to support exciting new applications, greater bandwidth, and improved security d. lower latency, greater bandwidth, and the ability to support more devices
The three advantages associated with a software-defined network include the following: A. the risk of human error is reduced, overall network support and operations costs are reduced, and new applications can be made available sooner.
What is a software?A software can be defined as a set of executable instructions that is typically designed and developed to instruct a computer system on how to perform a specific task and function, as well as proffering solutions to a network problem and other types of problem.
Generally speaking, there are three (3) main types of software and these include the following:
Application softwareUtility softwareSystem softwareThe advantages of a software-defined network.In Computer technology, the advantages of a software-defined network include the following:
The risk of human error is mitigated or reduced.Overall network operations costs are lesser.Overall network support costs are lower.New software applications are developed and made available sooner.Read more on network here: https://brainly.com/question/28342757
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Marsha found her sister's diary that listed all of her passwords. However, it wasn't listed for which s the passwords were used. She tried each password listed until she was able to log into her sister's computer. What method of code-breaking did Marsha use?
Answer:
Brute Force
Explanation:
Brute Force - a method of hacking were the attacker submits many combination of attempts in hope of getting into the system eventually.
tomio has been working as an assistant database analyst for three months. during a recent conversation with his supervisor, tomio explained his goal "to improve his computing skills by the end of the year." is this a smart goal?
Is this a SMART goal: B) No, SMART goals must be specific and measurable.
What is a SMART goal?A SMART goal can be defined as a well-established tool that can be used by an individual, a project manager or business organization (company) to plan (create), track, and achieve (accomplish) both short-term and long-term goals.
Generally speaking, SMART is a mnemonic acronym and it comprises the following elements:
SpecificMeasurableAchievable or Attainable.Relevancy (realistic).Time bound (timely)In conclusion, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that Tomio's goal is not a SMART goal because it is neither specific nor measurable.
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Complete Question:
Tomio has been working as an assistant database analyst for three months. During a recent conversation with his supervisor, Tomio explained his goal "to improve his computing skills by the end of the year." Is this a SMART goal?
A) Yes, SMART goals should set a timeline for being achieved.
B) No, SMART goals must be specific and measurable.
C) No, SMART goals must have a target date.
D) Yes, SMART goals should be results-oriented.
Common methods of securing an IT system do NOT include
A) protecting system integrity by using antimalware programs
B) protecting data integrity by unblocking unauthorized access
C) protecting data integrity by creating backups, entering and editing data correctly
D) setting permissions to restrict access
Common methods of securing an IT system do not include B) protecting data integrity by unblocking unauthorized access.
What purposes do IT systems serve?An information technology system (IT system) is typically an information system, a communications system, or, more specifically, a computer system, that has about all peripheral devices, software, as well as hardware, that is used by a little number of IT users.
They include:
Make a backup of your data.Use secure passwords.When working remotely, use caution.Install malware and antivirus protection.Note that it does not include option B because that cannot guarantee system security.
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you are the network administrator for a small consulting firm. the firm has recently rolled out a new intranet site, and you are responsible for configuring the dns. you are able to connect to the intranet site by using the ip address, but you cannot connect when you use the hostname.
The option that you need to configure so that the site can be accessed with the hostname is option A: Forward lookup zone
How do forward DNS lookups function?When a user writes in a web page URL or email address in text form, Forward DNS operates. First, a DNS server receives this message. Following a record check, the DNS server returns the domain's IP address. The DNS server sends the request to a different server if it is unable to find the domain's IP address.
Reverse lookup zones translate IP addresses into names while forward lookup zones translate names into IP addresses. On your DNS server, forwarders can be used to forward requests for which your DNS server lacks an authoritative response.
Therefore, Note that Forward DNS lookup is said to often make use of an Internet domain name to be able to see an an IP address.
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See full question below
You are the network administrator for a small consulting firm. The firm has recently rolled out a new intranet site, and you are responsible for configuring the DNS.
You are able to connect to the intranet site by using the IP address, but you cannot connect when you use the hostname.
Which of the following do you need to configure so that the site can be accessed with the hostname?
, modify that script so that if alice (or harry) run the script, it will make a copy of the accounting.txt file in a manner that allows bob to see the content.
Using the knowledge in computational language in JAVA it is possible to write a code that enters the entire path to a test file e.g. /home/$USER/test when prompted, the script executes as expected and makes a copy of "test" in the /tmp directory.
Writting the code:xieerqi:
$ ./copyScript.sh
Enter path to file: ~/testFile.txt
File entered is /home/xieerqi/testFile.txt
xieerqi:
$ ./copyScript.sh
Enter path to file: ~/sumFile.txt
File entered is /home/xieerqi/sumFile.txt
ERROR, file doesn't exist
xieerqi:
$ cat copyScript.sh
#!/bin/bash
read -p "Enter path to file: " FILEPATH
DIRPATH="$(dirname "$FILEPATH")"
FILENAME="$(basename "$FILEPATH" )"
if [ "$DIRPATH" == "~" ];then
DIRPATH="$HOME"
fi
FILEPATH="$DIRPATH"/"$FILENAME"
echo "File entered is " "$FILEPATH"
[ -e "$FILEPATH" ] || { echo "ERROR, file doesn't exist"; exit 1;}
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the most powerful computers, , can evaluate complex data very quickly. many of these computers in the united states are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.
The most powerful computers, supercomputers, can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.
What is a computer?A computer can be defined as an electronic device that is designed and developed to receive data in its raw form as an input and processes these data through the central processing unit (CPU) into an output (information) that could be seen and used by an end user.
What is a supercomputer?A supercomputer simply refers to one of the most powerful computers that is designed and developed for handling, evaluating, and solving very complicated problems or tasks. Additionally, supercomputers have the ability to carry out trillions of calculations per second.
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Complete Question:
The most powerful computers, _____, can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.
when configuring the virtual network for a vm in vmware workstation, which network adapter option should you choose if you want the vm to have an ip address that works on the physical network?
When setting up a virtual network for a virtual machine in VMware Workstation, you should choose the Bridged network adapter option if you want the virtual machine's IP address to work on the actual network.
When it's not possible to connect devices directly to a router or switch, a bridge enables you to connect two or more network segments together, allowing devices to join the network. If your business or home is a mixed-network setting, network bridging can be helpful. A mixed network is one that consists of some computers connected via Ethernet cables and others using wireless routers. A series of desktop hypervisor solutions called VMware Workstation enables users to run virtual machines, containers, and Kubernetes clusters.
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Identity some basic security threats and solutions for all network
Answer:install anti virus software ensure that software Is up to date ,filter all emails traffic nd users tk be careful of suspicious emails
don't run any unkhown user's origin development of information security policy report the unauthorized situation
Top security threats include unauthorized access, eavesdropping, IP address spoofing, man-in-the-middle attacks, brute force attacks, and browser attacks.
1. Unauthorized Access - Leakage of confidential information and other attacks can be exacerbated. Attackers unknowingly gain access to authorized areas to steal sensitive resources.
Implement strong authentication policies. Keep your username and password secret from untrusted sources. Don't give users or employees unnecessary access.
2. Eavesdropping - It is another significant cybersecurity risk. In eavesdropping, an intruder intercepts packets of data sent over HTTP (via monitoring software), modifies the data, and exploits it to damage the network.
Solution: An interesting encryption strategy protects against eavesdropping. Encryption methods such as electronic certificates (SSL certificates) reduce the risk of eavesdropping.
Enforce network segmentation to prevent eavesdropping and other network attacks.
Network Access Control improves network security by verifying the authenticity of each device before establishing a connection.
3. IP spoofing: IP address - Spoofing creates the illusion of a valid IP address by obtaining her IP address on a network and generating internet protocol packets with the intent to compromise the owner's actual IP address increase.
Solution: Filtering incoming packets on the network is one way to prevent spoofing. On the other hand, we also need to filter incoming and outgoing traffic.
Access control lists help prevent identity theft by discouraging people from entering bogus IP addresses.
Encrypted credentials should be provided so that only trusted servers can communicate.
To further reduce the risk of identity theft, you should use an SSL certificate.
4. Man-in-the-middle attack - MITM is one of the most dangerous cyber threats. Here the intruder establishes an independent connection with the sender and receiver, intercepts the messages one by one, modifies these messages, and forwards them to the sender and receiver.
Solution: Use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) based authentication. It not only protects your application from eavesdropping and other attacks, but it also verifies that your application is trusted.
Both ends are authenticated to prevent (MITM) man-in-the-middle attacks. Configure passwords and other top-level secrets for better mutual authentication.
Suppose the time it takes for a message to reach the end is 20 seconds. If the total execution time exceeds 60 seconds, the existence of an attacker is proven.
5. Brute force attack - A brute force attack is performed to guess the maximum combination of passwords. Use passwords with complicated symbols, numbers, and letters and keep them saved.
Learn more about the security threats at
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raul uses social media to post links that, when clicked, secretly install software on others’ computers without the owners’ knowledge raul’s software is designed to harm or disrupt the computers. this program is
Since this program secretly install software on others' computers without the owners' knowledge and Raul's software is designed to harm or disrupt the computers, this program is a: A) malware.
What is a malware?A malware simply refers to any type of software program or file that is designed and developed to be intentionally harmful to the host computer, website, server, or network, especially for the purpose of wreaking havoc, disruption, and destruction such as a Rootkit.
What is a Rootkit?In Computer technology, a Rootkit is a type of malware (Trojan) which refers to a software program or set of tools that is designed and developed to gain access and control of an end user's computer system without revealing its presence, while extracting sensitive information.
In conclusion, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that Raul's software is a malware because it is designed and developed to harm or disrupt the computers.
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Complete Question:
Raul uses social media to post links that, when clicked, secretly install software on others' computers without the owners' knowledge Raul's software is designed to harm or disrupt the computers. This program is
A)malware.
B)a phish.
C)entrapment.
D)larceny.
implement a method that combines the stability of the bisection method with the fast convergence of newton’s method. this will require a combined approach, using newton’s method when possible and taking iterations with the bisection method whenever newton’s method does not converge. make the implementation of each method as clear as possible using separate functions that are easy to grade. display the following as output to the console:
Using the knowledge of computational language in python it is possible to describe a method that combines the stability of the bisection method with the fast convergence of newton’s method.
Writting the code:def findzero(a, b, tol, maxit, f, df):
# Input:
# a, b = The endpoints of the interval
# tol = The required tolerance
# maxit = Maximum number of iterations
# f, df = The function and its dericative
# Output:
# star = approximation of root
# niter = number of iterations for convergence
# ierr =
# 0, the method converged
# 1, df was singular
# 2, maximum number of iterations has been reached
# Approximating the root
xi_1 = x0 = approximation_of_x0(a, b, f, 100)
# xi_1 is xi-1
for i in range(1, maxit + 1):
# Check if df is singular i.e df(xi_1) is equal to 0
if df(xi_1) == 0:
xstar = xi_1
ierr = 1
niter = i
break
# Calculate next x using Newton Method xi-1 i.e xi_1
xi = Newton_method(xi_1, f, df)
# Check if xi is in [a, b]
if xi >= a and xi <= b:
xi = (a + b)/2
# Check for Convergence
if abs(xi - xi_1) <= tol:
niter = i
xstar = xi
if i == maxit:
ierr = 2
else :
ierr = 0
break
# Check the third condition
if f(a)*f(xi) <= 0:
b = xi
else :
a = xi
# Check if maxiterations are completed
if i == maxit:
xstar = xi
ierr = 2
niter = i
# break
xi_1 = xi
return xstar, niter, ierr
def Newton_method(xi_1, f, df):
xi = xi_1 - (f(xi_1)/ df(xi_1))
return xi
def approximation_of_x0(a, b, f, iterations):
# Using bisection method to approximate the intial root
# if you want to approximate with more accuracy just increase the number of iterations
for i in range(iterations):
xi = (a + b)/2
if f(a)*f(xi) <= 0:
b = xi
else :
a = xi
x0 = (a + b)/2
return x0
# To check the code. i have tested on the sample function
# f = x^2 - 4 i.e 2 is the root of f
# df = 2*x
def f(x):
return (x**2) - 4
def df(x):
return 2*x
a, b = [0, 100]
tolerance = 10**-3
maxit = 19
xstar, niter, ierr = findzero(a, b, tolerance, maxit, f, df)
print("xstar : ", xstar)
print("niter : ", niter)
print("ierr : ", ierr)
if ierr == 0:
print("the method converged")
elif ierr == 1:
print("df was singular")
else:
print("max iterations are reached")
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