Which property of genetic code lowers the chances of a deleterious mutation in an individual?.
Property of the genetic code that lowers the chances of a deleterious mutation in an individual : Redundancy
What do you understand by redundancy?Two or more genes that are performing the same function and that inactivation of one of these genes has no effect on the biological phenotype is called genetic redundancy. Redundancy is very common in in genomes of higher organisms.
Genetic code is said to be redundant when the same amino acid residue is encode by multiple codons. If all the properties of synonymous codons are entirely equivalent, then they would be equally distributed along the protein coding sequences.
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Which organelle is present in a paramecium protozoan but absent in the cells of a strawberry plant?.
Paramecium protozoan possess cilia, (a locomotory organelle) which is absent in the cells of a strawberry plant.
What are Locomotory organelles?Locomotion is the movement of organisms from one place to another. There are several ways in which organisms can move. The anatomical structures that animals use for locomotion, such as cilia, legs, wings, arms, fins, and tails, are sometimes called locomotory organs or motor structures.
Locomotive organelles found in protists include:
Cilia are short cell-like hair-like organelles that extend from the cell surface. The ciliated protozoan is Paramecium. Flagella are long, thin, filamentous organelles present on the surface of cells.Pseudopodia are "false feet" that emerge from an organism's body when needed. Example: AmoebaTo know more about protists visit:
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One of the first breakthroughs in biotechnology was the discovery of the gene
that makes insulin. Part of this process involved scientists making DNA to
match each possible sequence of insulin mRNA. What was the next step of
this process?
A.
Scientists found the DNA in the pancreas
that matched the
manufactured DNA.
B. Scientists inserted
pancreas DNA into bacterial cells.
C. Scientists used the
codon table to find the possible sequence of
mRNA.
D. Scientists mixed small portions
of manufactured DNA with DNA
from the pancreas.
Scientists made DNA to match each possible sequence of mRNA
In order to match every potential mRNA sequence, scientists created DNA.
To manufacture insulin properly, the following procedures must be followed:
1. The pancreatic cell is stripped of the human gene that produces insulin.
2. The insulin mRNA's possible sequence is then determined.
3. A restriction enzyme and DNA from bacteria are used to make the recombinant DNA of the human insulin-producing gene.
4. This recombinant DNA is then given to the bacterium.
5. Recombinant DNA is used to multiply the bacterium in order to produce human insulin.
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a kind of DNA. DNA is a polymer made up of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to create a double helix. (listen);[1] DNA) All known organisms and many viruses have genetic information in the polymer that is necessary for their development, operation, growth, and reproduction. Nucleic acids include DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Nucleic acids are one of the four main categories of macromolecules that are necessary for all known forms of life, along with proteins, lipids, and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides).
Because the two DNA strands are made up of simpler monomeric units termed nucleotides, they are referred to as polynucleotides.
Each nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and one of the four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C], guanine [G], adenine [A], or thymine [T]).
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Any molecule within a cell that has a uracil group will also contain __________.
Any molecule within a cell that has a uracil group will also contain a ribose. So the correct choice is D. ribose.
What is a ribose?Ribose is a macromolecule that is part of nucleic acids. Ribose will be one of the bases that will form ribonucleic acids. Ribose will also be part of nucleotides that are not nucleic like ATP, which is one of the most important molecules for metabolism since it provides energy for most of the body's reactions. These riboses will be linked to a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.
In riboses the thiamine base will not be used, for this reason the uracils will be used instead of this.
Therefore, we can confirm that any molecule within a cell that has a uracil group will also contain a ribose. So the correct option is D. ribose.
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Any molecule within a cell that has a uracil group will also contain __________.
A. deoxyribose
B. glycerol
C. glucose
D. ribose
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Coral reefs are found in shallow tropical ocean waters. A coral reef is a diverse ecosystem that is supported by the photosynthesis of marine plants and the algae that live within the tissues of the coral. Given this information, when would the waters in a coral reef likely have the highest dissolved oxygen concentration?
Responses
7 a.m.
2 p.m.
9 p.m.
midnight
The ecosystem of corals found in shallow tropical ocean water is diverse. Because photosynthesis occurs during the day, the highest concentration of dissolved oxygen can be found at 7 a.m.
What is photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is a process in which oxygen and glucose are formed by utilising water and carbon dioxide. This reaction is catalysed by sunlight.
The corals are found in shallow water. Different marine plants do photosynthesis and increase the oxygen concentration in the water. Because photosynthesis occurs during the day, the highest concentration of dissolved oxygen is found during the day that is 7 am..
Hence, the answer is 7 a.m. This is the daytime.
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How does a sea sponge get the molecules they need differently than a human?
Sea sponge depends on the flow of water through their bodies for food and oxygen differently than a human.
What is a sea sponge?Sponges are really basic organisms they lack respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems. Instead, sponges depend on the water passing through their body to deliver food and oxygen, and remove waste.
While sponges and corals are all aquatic invertebrates that are stationary, their structure, eating strategies, and reproductive processes are all quite different from one another.
Therefore due to a lack of respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems, sea sponges rely on water.
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Please help me …..…………
Answer:
enzymes.
Explanation:
enzymes are classified as proteins.
4. Describe the medical and social benefits and risks of new technologies such as CT, PET, and MRI.
The medical and social benefits of new technologies such as CT, PET, and MRI. are:
More precise diagnosis and therapy options are available thanks to brain PET/MRI scans, which can uncover abnormalities that PET/CT misses in more than 50% of patients. Significantly less radiation exposure results in improved safety because PET/MRI scans expose patients to around 50% less radiation than PET/CT scans.What dangers do PET-CT scans pose?You will be exposed to very modest doses of radiation throughout these examinations. It has not been demonstrated that this little radiation exposure is harmful. There may be a slight possibility of an elevated risk of cancer in the future for kids or other individuals who require several PET scans, CT scans, and x-rays.
Compared to a CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging yields crisper images. An MRI is a better choice than x-rays or CT scans when doctors need to see soft tissues. Compared to CT images, MRIs can produce images of organs and soft tissues like damaged ligaments and herniated discs that are more accurate.
Therefore, X-rays, a form of radiation known as ionizing radiation, are used in CT scans. Your cells' DNA may be harmed, increasing the possibility that they may develop cancer.
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Which statement best describes the role of animals in the water and carbon cycles? (3 points) Group of answer choices Animals release carbon dioxide and water vapor as a by-product of cellular respiration. Animals release carbon dioxide and water vapor as a by-product of photosynthesis. Animals take in carbon dioxide and oxygen during cellular respiration. Animals use oxygen to perform photosynthesis and release carbon dioxide as a by-product.
The correct statement from above which describes the role of animals in the water and carbon cycles is:
animals use oxygen to perform photosynthesis and release carbon dioxide as a by‐product.
The correct option is d.
What is meant by the carbon cycle?Carbon cycle simply refers to series of processes which involves the continual movement of carbon atoms from the atmosphere to the earth and from the earth back to the atmosphere.
From the task given above, carbon dioxide which is cycle to the atmosphere is as a result of being exhaled by animals and oxygen is a by product of photosynthesis.
In conclusion, we can now confirm perfect deduce from the explanation simple above that the movement of carbon from the earth to the atmosphere and back to the earth is very important to well being of animals.
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When did carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reach 415 ppm and thus well exceed its natural range of 180 to 280 ppm?.
In 2013, the global carbon dioxide concentration peaked at over 400 parts per million and thus well exceed its natural range of 180 to 280 ppm.
What is the keeling curve?
The Keeling curve, provided by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, gives the daily reading of atmospheric carbon dioxide, in parts per million (ppm), measured at the top of Mauna Loa, Hawaii.
Carbon dioxide is considered to be the 'global climate thermostat' for planet earth and is a greenhouse gas that is transparent to incoming solar radiation, absorbing outgoing infrared radiation the earth is giving off as the surface cools.
By adding more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, people are supercharging the natural greenhouse effect, causing global temperatures to rise. Increased carbon dioxide concentration may affect plant transpiration by causing stomatal apertures to close and decreasing the leaf conductance for water vaporTropical ecosystems are predicted to be especially sensitive to global warming because many tropical species appear to have a narrow thermal tolerance range.Co2 is the most important man-made greenhouse gas, which acts like a blanket trapping heat near the surface of the earth. Hence increase in carbondioxide concentration mostly causes the greenhouse effect.
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how does external respiration differ from internal respiration? question 24 options: external respiration refers to gas exchange, regardless of its location, whereas internal respiration refers to the cellular process that metabolizes glucose and results in the production of atp. external respiration involves gills, whereas internal respiration involves lungs. external respiration refers to gas exchange between inhaled air and blood, whereas internal respiration refers to gas exchange between the blood and tissue fluids. internal respiration refers to gas exchange between inhaled air and blood, whereas external respiration refers to gas exchange between the blood and tissue fluids.
External respiration refers to gas exchange, regardless of its location, whereas Internal respiration refers to the cellular process that metabolizes glucose and results in the production of atp.
What is respiration?Respiration is the transport of oxygen from the outside environment to cells within tissues, as well as the removal of carbon dioxide in the reverse direction. It is a biological process that occurs within living creatures' cells. The chemical process through which organic substances release energy is known as respiration. Exergonic reactions transform the molecules into new ones. There are two forms of respiration: aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic respiration consumes oxygen and produces a lot of energy. We can breathe because of our lungs and respiratory system. They transport oxygen into our bodies (this is known as inspiration or inhalation) and expel carbon dioxide (called expiration, or exhalation). Respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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Why is the carbon sink in your case study vulnerable to fire?
NEED HELP PLEASE!!!!
The carbon sink in your case study vulnerable to fire atmospheric carbon would be much higher without carbon sinks and a carbon sink is important because they store carbon and lower the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
What is a Carbon sink?A carbon sink has been defined as the thing that has sponges more carbon from the atmosphere than it has been discharged. It includes plants, soil compounds, oceans, etc.
The important function of the carbon sink has to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and control the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at manageable levels.
Therefore, The carbon sink in your case study vulnerable to fire atmospheric carbon would be much higher without carbon sinks and a carbon sink is important because they store carbon and lower the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
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put the following glycolytic reactions in the correct order. only 8 of the 10 reactions in the glycolytic pathway are listed, so the answer should be the relative order of the 8 reactions listed.
Hexose sugar is produced by phosphorylation, aldose sugar is converted into ketose sugar by isomerization, and hexose monophosphate is changed into hexose bisphosphate by phosphorylation.
Why does phosphorylation occur?By altering the structure of the phosphorylated protein, phosphorylation controls protein activity and cell signaling. These modifications may have two different effects on the protein. The protein's ability to catalyze reactions is first controlled by conformational alterations.
What does phosphorylation by ATP entail?By harnessing energy from the movement of electrons inside an electron transport system, oxidative phosphorylation, which takes place by chemiosmosis, produces ATP. Only one proton (H+) one and electron can be found in an atom of hydrogen. Electrons have potential energy, or stored energy, that is available for use.
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Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is responsible for the ________ response.
Epinephrine which is also known as adrenaline, is responsible for the fight-or-flight response.
What is adrenaline?Adrenaline (epinephrine) is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands to prepare the body for stressful or dangerous situations. Adrenaline rush refers to the rapid release of adrenaline into the bloodstream. This prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response. Because most people are sometimes exposed to stressful situations, they are familiar with the typical symptoms of an adrenaline rush, such as: Rapid heartbeat, high blood pressure, anxiety, excessive sweating, heart palpitations.
The fight-or-flight response is an automatic physiological response to stressful or frightening events. Perceiving a threat activates the sympathetic nervous system, triggering an acute stress response that prepares for fight or flee.
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is a term referring to a condition free of pathogenic microorganisms or a procedure or process designed to prevent entry of infectious agents.
Asepsis is a term referring to a condition free of pathogenic microorganisms or a procedure or process designed to prevent entry of infectious agents.
Pathogenic term refers to the microorganisms that are able to infect the large living organisms and causes diseases in them. Thus, pathogenic is the capability of an organism to causes diseases. The example of microorganism that cause diseases are: viruses, prions, protozoans, etc.
Microorganism are the smallest living organism that are not visible to the unaided eyes. They can be found in varying environments that have varying functions. The microorganisms can be good for living organisms or they can be bad.
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HELP PLEASE DUE TOMORROW
50 POINTSSSSS Pt 1
Answer:
Explanation:
1.hydrologic cycle
2. dew point
3. True
4. Cloud droplets from
5. Encounter Mountains
Answer:
the water cycle, dew point, true, cloud droplets form, encounter mountains
Explanation:
there is a bone on the lab bench in front of you. on it, you see that there is a smooth and slightly convex articular surface. this bone marking would be considered a
On the laboratory bench right in front of you, there is a bone. You can tell that it has an articular surface that is smooth and just slightly concave. This skeletal feature would be referred to as a Facet.
What is the composition of human bone?A transcription factor collagen forms the structure of bones, and calcium phosphate, a mineral, gives the framework strength and hardness. When other body parts require calcium, bones release some of the calcium they have stored into the blood.
Why are bones so durable?A living, developing tissue is bone. Collagen, a polypeptide that provides a soft structure, and calcium, a mineral that gives strength and hardness, make up the majority of its composition. Together, these factors give bone the strength and flexibility it needs to withstand stress.
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Which term describes a somatic motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates?.
Motor unit describes a somatic motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates
What is somatic motor neuron and skeletal muscle ?The somatic nervous system is made up of sensory nerves with afferent nerve fibres that carry sensation from the body to the central nervous system (CNS) and motor nerves with efferent nerve fibres that carry motor commands from the CNS to trigger muscle contraction.
One of the three important types of muscle in the human body is skeletal muscle. Numerous connective tissue sheaths encase thousands of muscle fibres that make up each skeletal muscle. Fasciculi are the specific collections of muscle fibres found in skeletal muscles.All the skeletal muscle fibres that a motor neuron stimulates collectively make up a motor unit. Therefore, a skeletal muscle's motor units are its most fundamental unit and what causes a contraction.Learn more about Motor unit here:
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experiments performed on the bridled goby in coral reefs and on song sparrows on mandarte island support the hypothesis that density-dependent effects can cause logistic population growth. what conclusions can be drawn from logistic growth models?
When the population density is low, people survive more easily and the clutch size grows.
Explain about the clutch size?
According to a theoretical research study, the rising seasonality of resources from the tropics to the poles, either alone or in combination with a decline in predation and breeding season, can account for the latitudinal gradient in clutch size.
In conclusion, nest type, latitude, nestling development, and body size had the greatest effects on clutch size. Latitude, migratory patterns, nestling growth, and nutrition all had a significant impact on the number of broods.
The nature of the link between offspring quality and fitness and offspring quality and number affects these predictions. This anticipated number of children is known as the "ideal clutch size" in animals, particularly birds.
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most bony fish are ______ or cold-blooded, with the exception of the tuna and mackerel shark family, which are ______, or warm-blooded.
Most bony fish are Sea or cold-blooded, with the exception of the tuna and mackerel shark family, which are land, or warm-blooded.
Warm-bloodedness, also known as Homoiothermy, also spelled Homeothermy, in animals, the capability to keep a rather consistent inner temperature (about 37° C [99° F] for mammals, approximately forty° C [104° F] for birds), regardless of the environmental temperature.
Humans are warm blooded, that means we are able to modify our inner body temperature regardless of the surroundings. To maintain our our bodies core temperature regulated at 37ºC the system begins inside the brain, the hypothalamus is accountable for releasing hormones to manipulate temperature.
Humans are heat-blooded, with our body temperature averaging around 37C. heat-blooded certainly way we are able to alter our inner body temperature, unbiased of surroundings, even as bloodless-blooded animals are situation to the temperature of their environment.
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Mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells, but meiosis cannot occur in haploid cells. Why not?.
Mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells because it is equational division where the number of chromosomes remain the same after division. But meiosis cannot happen in haploid cells because it is reductional division and haploid cells do not have any extra copy of chromosomes to be halved.
Mitosis is the cell division where the number of chromosomes do not change after cell division. It usually happens in the somatic cells of the body. Cancer cells also undergo mitosis
Meiosis is the cell division where the number of chromosomes are halved after cell division. The process of meiosis occurs in two phases: meiosis I and meiosis II. The germ cells of the body undergo meiosis.
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in modern systematics, species are organized into monophyletic groups based on their evolutionary relationships; that is, they are organized into blank . multiple choice question.
In modern systematics, species are organized into monophyletic groups based on their evolutionary relationships; that is, they are organized into clades.
Systematics is a branch of biology that deals with classification of organisms based on their species, genus or taxa, which represents their evolutionary relationships. A monophyletic group consists of members having common ancestral origin and all the descendants of that most recent common ancestor. It is same as cladistic grouping. It also has descendants of common ancestors. Identification of evolutionary relationships helps in understanding the anatomy of the extinct organisms, their development over time and how their features evolved to survive in the changing nature/ environmental conditions. Evolutionary biology seeks to explain the diversity of life and interpret the adaptations among the species. With time, the most fit species survived by the process of natural selection of best evolved species.
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What is the difference in the concentration of molecules in two areas across a membrane.
The difference in the concentration of molecules in two areas across a membrane is concentration gradient.
In the field of science, concentration gradient can be described as a term that is used when there is a difference in the number of molecules inside and outside the membrane. Due to this difference, molecules either pass into a cell or outside of a cell.
When the concentration of a molecule is higher outside a cell as compared to the inside of a cell, a concentration gradient will develop. As a result of this concentration gradient, molecules will move into the cell.
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how can capsules enable bacteria to evade the immune system? how can capsules enable bacteria to evade the immune system? capsules block the complement biding sites on the surface of the pathogen. a capsule is a superantigen that distracts the immune system. capsules can bind up iga, rendering it inactive.
Since the capsule's polysaccharides are comparable to those in the host, the immune response does not identify it as alien.
What kind of polysaccharide is this, specifically?
Examples of polysaccharides include starch, cellulose, and glycogen. Polysaccharides are stabilizers and dietary fiber in the food business. In the making of yogurt, for example, microorganisms can also produce polysaccharides.
What functions does polysaccharide serve?
In general, polysaccharides serve one of two purposes: either they store energy or they sustain structural integrity. High-density polymers like carbohydrates are used to store energy. In both plants and animals, cellulose and chitin, two linear polymers, provide structural support.
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Wheter you are albino or not i decided by ingle gene with two allele. The normal allele A i dominant to the albino allele a. Demiie i albino but eble i not. They are expecting a baby. We know exactly what i Demiie' allele are what are they and how do you know?
1/4 are albino or not I decided through single gene with allele. The regular allele A I is dominant to the albino allele.
In all sorts of OCA and some kinds of OA, albinism is passed on in an autosomal recessive inheritance sample. this means a baby has to get 2 copies of the gene that reasons albinism (1 from each determine) to have the situation.
Oculocutaneous albinism can end result from mutations in several genes, along with TYR, OCA2, TYRP1, and SLC45A2. changes inside the TYR gene reason type 1 mutations in the OCA2 gene are chargeable for type 2; TYRP1 mutations purpose type three and adjustments in the SLC45A2 gene bring about kind four.
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Which term is a process that must happen in the cell's cytoplasm
before cellular respiration?
Answer:
Glycolysis
Explanation:
Glycolysis happens in the cell's cytoplasm. The three-carbon molecules from glycolysis then enter the mitochondria. The products of glycolysis-the three-carbon molecules-enter the mitochondria and are used in cellular respiration.
Dha and epa, eicosanoids derived from omega-3 fatty acids, reduce blood clot formation and promote heart health. The richest food source of dha and epa is ____________.
DHA and EPA eicosanoids may be derived from omega-3 fatty acids they reduce blood clot formation and promote heart health. The richest food source of DHA and EPA is ______Fish______.
Why EPA and DHA important?EPA and DHA are very important for proper fetal development, including: neurological, retinal and immune function. EPA and DHA may affect many aspects of cardiovascular functions including: inflammation, peripheral artery disease, major coronary events, and anticoagulation.
He has his three forms of these fatty acids. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is primarily found in vegetable oils, and seafood is the best source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). ALA is an essential fatty acid and must be obtained from food. Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids include fish, vegetable oils, nuts (especially walnuts), flaxseeds, linseed oil, and leafy greens.
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if a somatic cell from a frog contains 20 picograms of dna during g2 of interphase, how many picograms of dna would be present in each gamete produced by this species? (enter the number only, not the units.)
Each gamete that this species produces would contain 5 picograms of DNA.
What one word best describes "gamete"?Gamtes are a term used to describe an organism's reproductive cells. Sex cells is another name for them. Gametes are also known as sperm for males and ova or egg cells for females. Gametes are made of haploid cells, which contain only one copy of each chromosome.
Are there gametes in all humans?Some people live their entire lives without ever producing gametes. When we reach puberty, the rest of us begin to produce them, and then some of us stop once more. Change your sex throughout puberty, during menopause, or following cancer surgery? If so, gender reassignment surgery also changes your sexual orientation.
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As the Earth
layers of the Earth with the outer layer bein
and nickel moved to the center of the Earth. This was the beginning of the
Make Images, Vide
Answer:
Different Layers of the Earth
The Inner Core
The Outer Core
Mantle
Crust
Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
Different Layers of the Earth
Layers Of Earth
The inner core, the outer core, mantle and crust are the four layers of earth
The Inner Core
It is the centre and the hottest layer of the Earth. The inner core is solid and made up of iron and nickel with temperatures up to 5,500oC. Due to its immense heat energy, the inner core is more like the engine room of the Earth.
The Outer Core
The outer core of the Earth is similar to a very hot ball of metals, whose temperature is around 4000 oF to 90000F. It is so hot that the metals inside are all liquid. The outer core is around 1800 miles under the crust and is approximately 1400 miles thick. It is composed of metals such as iron and nickel. The outer core surrounds the inner core.
The inner core has pressures and temperatures so high that the metals are squeezed together and not able to move like a liquid but are forced to vibrate instead of solid.
Mantle
Mantle is the widest section of the Earth. Its thickness is approximately 2,900 km. The mantle is mainly made up of semi-molten rock known as magma. The rock is hard in the upper part of the mantle, but lower down the rock is softer and begins to melt.
The mantle is located directly under the Sima. The mantle consists of very hot and dense rock. This layer of rock flows like asphalt under heavy weight. This flow is because of the greatest temperature differences from the bottom to the top of the mantle. The reason behind the plates of the Earth moving is the movement of the mantle. Its temperature varies between 1600 oF at the upper part to 4000 oF near the bottom.
Crust
The crust is the outer layer where we live. The thickness is around 0-60 km. It’s a solid rock layer divided into two types:
Continental crust covers the land and,
Oceanic crust covers water
The crust is the most widely studied and understood. The mantle is hotter and capable of flowing. The outer and inner core is much hotter with great pressures that you can squeeze into a ball smaller than marble if you are able to go to the centre of the Earth.anation:
A particular species of plants can have yellow or green seeds. This trait is determined by one gene. The yellow-seeded plants might be homozygous or heterozygous. We could find out which by crossing these plants with.
By true breeding green-seeded plants a particular species of plants can have yellow or green seeds.
What do you mean by true breeding?A true breeding is a form of reproduction in which the parents' offspring have the same phenotype. In other words, both parents have the same genetic makeup. The Aberdeen Angus breed of cattle is an illustration of real breeding. The fact that the cattle have been black for many generations is proof that a trait that has been passed down over many generations is still pure. Another illustration is when two dogs of the same breed mate. As a result, the characteristics of the children would be more predictable.
However, true breeding implies a small gene pool. As a result, there is a high likelihood that a certain trait will be inherited (such as genetic illnesses), which may have a negative impact on the offspring's health.
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