Entropy measures:
a. Temperature at constant pressure
b. Temperature at constant volume
c. Temperature as pressure increases
d. Temperature as pressure decreases
e. Chaotic messiness

The answer is D.

Van der Waal's Force of attraction

These are weak intermolecular forces that depend on the distance between non-polar atoms or molecules. The name came into existence from the name of a Dutch scientist Johannes Diderik Van Der Waals. He discovered these forces for the first time in 1873 while analyzing the deviation of real gas from the ideal gas.

There are two types of Van der Waals forces:

Properties of Van der Waal forces:

To learn more about these forces refer to:

brainly.com/question/25902447

The question is the match the following question based on the chain reaction, fission , critical mass,  fusion reaction.

1) chain reaction :  a self-sustaining reaction that creates an on-going series of reactions .

2) the critical mass : the amount of fissionable material required to keep a reaction going.

3) The fission reaction :  the splitting of a nucleus into two smaller nuclei whose combined mass is less than that of the original nucleus .

4) The fusion reaction :  the joining of two small nuclei to form one nucleus with a larger mass than the combined mass of the original nuclei.

To learn more about fission  here

https://brainly.com/question/27595997

#SPJ4

Fluoride is mineral can be protective for the teeth when introduced into the water supply; however it can cause tooth mottling when consumed in high quantities

Natural mineral fluoride is emitted from rocks into the land, water, and atmosphere. Although nearly all water contains some fluoride, the amount is typically insufficient to stop tooth decay. Additionally, fluoride can be added to drinking water supplies as a preventative step to lower cavities. Mineral fluoride is naturally found in many foods and is also sold as a dietary supplement. Fluoride, which is the ionic form of the element fluorine, prevents or delays the development of dental caries (tooth decay) and promotes the production of new bone. [1]

Learn more about fluoride   here:

https://brainly.com/question/3795082

#SPJ4

Four-electron group designation with the correct molecular shape is AX4 : Tetrahedral, AX4 : Tetrahedral, AX3E : Trigonal pyramidal,   molecular shape.

Here E represent lone pair electrons and A represent central atom and X represent bonded atom.

AX4 : Tetrahedral

AX3E : Trigonal pyramidal

AX3E2 : T-shaped

AX2E3 : Linear

A molecule will adopt that shape in which lone pairs are present at maximum distance in order to have least repulsion. Thus, lone pairs are present in the at equatorial position in Trigonal bipyramidal structure to give molecular shape to the molecule.

Learn more about molecular shape here:- https://brainly.com/question/25334964

#SPJ4

The realistic higher restriction is set 50,000 years for the carbon dating due to the fact so little C-14 stays after nearly nine 1/2 of-lives that it could be difficult to come across and gain an correct reading, irrespective of the dimensions of the sample.

Because of the fast period of the carbon-14 1/2 of-lifestyles, carbon courting is most effective correct for objects which can be lots to tens of lots of years old. Most rocks of hobby are a good deal older than this. Geologists should consequently use factors with longer 1/2 of-lives.

For older fossils, an isotope with an extended 1/2 of-lifestyles ought to be used. For example, the radioactive isotope potassium-forty decays to argon-forty with a 1/2 of lifestyles of 1.three billion years. Other isotopes normally used for courting consist of uranium-238 (1/2 of-lifestyles of 4.five billion years) and thorium-232 (1/2 of-lifestyles 14.1 billion years).

Read more about carbon;

https://brainly.com/question/2272536

#SPJ4

Microwaves, infrared, red, ultraviolet, and gamma waves are the waves with the lowest to highest energy levels.

Wavelength affects a wave's energy; the longer the wavelength, the lower the energy. Gamma rays, therefore, have the maximum energy, and long radio waves are the lowest in the electromagnetic spectrum.

GAMMA RAYS' SOURCES, The electromagnetic spectrum includes all waves, but gamma rays are the most energetic and have the smallest wavelengths. The universe's hottest and most energetic objects, including neutron stars and pulsars, supernova explosions, and regions near black holes, all produce them.

to know more about Highest Energy here:

brainly.com/question/14114050

#SPJ1

To demonstrate that material is neither created nor destroyed throughout the chemical, the quantity of particles or mass with in donor ends must match the number the bits of weights in the final sides.

Protons, protons, and particles are three incredibly small subatomic particles that make up an atom. The nucleus, which is made up of protons and neutrons, sits in the middle of an atom, and an electron cloud flies around it.

According to the rule of conservation of masses, masses can change from one form to another but are neither generated nor destroyed.

It simply indicates that the reactant and product masses in a nuclear reaction will be equal.

A equation must be balances in order to follow the rule of conservation of mass. Therefore,

Mg(OH)₂ + 2HNO₃ → Mg(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O

Therefore, the quantity of atoms or bodies in the reactor sides must match the quantity of atoms or mass in the product sides in order to show why matter is neither generated nor deleted in the chemical process.

To know more about Atoms visit:

https://brainly.com/question/1566330

#SPJ1

Man weight will be multiplied by 0.001. S o option (b) is correct.

Density is defined as depending on the units of mass and volume used for the calculation, different units are used. The units for density would be kg/cm3 if the mass was measured in kg and the volume in cm3.

Density = Mass divided by volume.

Given a man shrinks proportionality to 1/10 of the original height

Now as it is the proportional overall area will also be decreased by (1/10)^2 = 1/ 100 times

Therefore overall decrease in volume = 1/10 x 1/100

= 1 / 1000 times(v/1000)

Mass/ volume = Q (density)

Here Q remains constant

Hence M initial = Q x V

M final = QV/1000

Initial weight = QV x g

= QVg

Final Weight = (QV/1000) x g

Final /Initial = QVg/1000QVg

= 1/1000

= 0.001

Therefore his weight will be multiplied by 0.001

To learn more about density visit

https://brainly.com/question/29775886

#SPJ4

The CH4 , CH3OH , H2CO  these have high vapor pressure.

What is vapor pressure?

Vapor pressure rises with temperature and measures a substance's propensity to transform into a gaseous or vapor state. The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure present at its surface equals the atmospheric pressure.

What is temperature ?

The average kinetic energy of all the atoms or molecules in a given material, expressed as its temperature. The kinetic energy of a substance's particles varies. A distribution can be used to show how the particles' kinetic energy is distributed at any particular moment.

Higher the magnitude of intermolecular bonding, lower will be the vapor pressure.

(a). Ans :- CH4

CH4 = Low molecular mass, therefore magnitude of vander waal's forces is less and hence have high vapor pressure.

CH3Cl = High molecular mass, therefore magnitude of vander waal's forces is more and hence low vapor pressure.

(b). Ans :- CH3OH

Both CH3OH and CH3CH2CH2OH form intermolecular hydrogen bonding but intermolecular bond in CH3CH2CH2OH are more strong. Hence, CH3OH have high vapor pressure.

(c). Ans :- H2CO

H2CO for dispersion forces while CH3OH form strong intermolecular H-bonding, So, H2CO have high vapor pressure.

Therefore, CH4 , CH3OH , H2CO  these have high vapor pressure.

Learn more about vapor pressure from the given link.

https://brainly.com/question/2693029

#SPJ4

Answer: B

Explanation: ISOTOPE has the same atomic number but a different mass number. Isotopes have same chemical properties ( same number of electrons) but different physical properties(as they have different masses).

According to given statement the theoritical yield of Fe₂O₃ is 0.36g and the actual yield of Fe₂O₃ is 0.078g.

In a chemical reaction, bonds between molecules of the reactant are broken and new bonds between molecules of the product are established to create a new substance. A equation is nothing more than a detailed estimate that represents how reactants generate products.

4Fe₃O₄ (s) + O₂ (g) → 6Fe₂O₃ (s)

Moles of Fe₃O₄ =  0.350/231.55 g/mol

                          = 1.51 * 10⁻³

Moles of Fe₂O₃ = 6/4 * 1.51 * 10⁻³

                          = 2.26 * 10⁻³ mol

Mass of Fe₂O₃ = 2.26 * 10⁻³ * 159.7 g/mol

Theoritical yield = 0.36 g

Actual yield = 21.6/100 * 0.36

                    = 0.078 g

To know more about Equation visit:

https://brainly.com/question/13451900

#SPJ4

The complete question is-

0.350g of Fe₃O₄ reacts with excess O₂ to give Fe₂O₃ in 21.6% yield according to the following balanced equation:

4Fe₃O₄ (s) + O₂ (g) → 6Fe₂O₃ (s)

1). Calculate the theoritical yield of Fe₂O₃

2). Calculate the actual yield of Fe₂O₃

In this reaction, ammonia gas (NH3) and oxygen gas (O2) react to form nitrogen gas (N2) and water vapor (H2O).

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

2 NH3 + 3 O2 → 2 N2 + 6 H2O

To calculate the largest amount of nitrogen gas that could be produced, we need to consider the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the reactant that runs out first and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.

To find the limiting reactant, we need to compare the mole ratios of the reactants to the mole ratios of the products in the balanced chemical equation.

In this case, the mole ratio of NH3 to N2 is 2:2, and the mole ratio of O2 to N2 is 3:2. This means that the reaction consumes 2 moles of NH3 for every 2 moles of N2 produced, and 3 moles of O2 for every 2 moles of N2 produced.

Since we have of NH3 and of O2, we can calculate the number of moles of each reactant as follows:

Number of moles of NH3 = = 0.5 moles

Number of moles of O2 = = 0.75 moles

Since the number of moles of O2 is less than the number of moles required to produce the same amount of N2 (which is 3 moles), O2 is the limiting reactant. This means that the maximum amount of N2 that can be produced is equal to the number of moles of O2 that are present.

Therefore, the largest amount of N2 that could be produced in this reaction is 0.75 moles

Learn more about Limiting Reactant: brainly.com/question/14225536

This reaction creates nitrogen gas (N2) and water vapor from the interaction of ammonia gas (NH3) and oxygen gas (O2) (H2O). N2 can be created in this reaction up to 0.75 moles at its maximum quantity.

2 NH3 + 3 O2 2 N2 + 6 H2O is the reaction's balanced chemical equation.

When doing a chemical analysis, nitrogen is frequently utilized to prepare samples. Liquid sample volume is decreased and concentrated using this method. For the chemical industry, nitrogen is also crucial. In addition to nylon, dyes, nitric acid, fertilizers, and explosives, it is used to produce.

One liter of liquid nitrogen becomes 24.6 cubic feet of nitrogen gas when it is vaporized, expanding by a factor of 700.

To know more about Nitrogen visit:

https://brainly.com/question/16711904

#SPJ4

From the stoichiometry of the reaction, the final molarity of Cr2O7^2- in the solution is 0.039 M.

1) The balanced reaction equation is;

4Cr^3+(aq) + 14HClO(aq) + 14H^+(aq) -----> 28H^+(aq) + 7Cl2(g) + 2Cr2O7^2-(aq)

2) The oxidation number of chromium in Cr2O7^2- is obtained as follows;

2x + 7(-2) = -2

2x - 14 = -2

2x = -2 + 14

2x = 12

x = 6

3) This is an oxidation - reduction reaction because the oxidation number of Cr increased from + 3 to +6.

4) This is because, the reaction produces hydrogen ions causing the pH to decrease.

5) Nitrate does not appear in the balanced reaction equation hence it is a spectator ion.

6) Number of moles of chromium nitrate = 26.5/1000 L × 0.120 M = 0.00318 moles

Since 4 moles of Cr^3+ reacts with 14 moles of hypochlorous acid

0.00318 moles of  Cr^3+ reacts with  0.00318 moles × 14 moles/4 moles =

0.0011 moles

Molarity of hypochlorous acid = 0.0011 moles/0.01 L = 0.11 M

7) If  4 moles of Cr^3+  yields 2 moles of  Cr207^2-

0.00318 moles of  Cr^3+ yields  0.00318 moles ×  2 moles / 4 moles

= 0.00159 moles

Final molarity of   Cr207^2- =  0.00159 moles/(15 mL + 26.5 mL) × 10^-3

= 0.039 M.

To learn more about redox reaction Please click on the given link:

https://brainly.com/question/13978139

#SPJ4

The correct name endings are;

ide - monoatomic anion

ium - cation

ate - polyatomic anion

ine - metal and or non- metallic element

ite - poly atomic ion

We know that there are a lot of substances that we have to  deal with in chemistry. Some of the substances are; cation, monatomic anion, polyatomic anion, metal element, and/or nonmetal element. The way that we identify the kind of substance that we are to expect is from the name of the substances.

We know that the names of chemical particles do have unique endings. The ending of the name of the chemical particle is what can be able to tell us what kind of particle that we are dealing with in the system that is given. Any kind of particle is associated with a particular name ending that can be used to distinguish it.

Learn more about chemical name endings:https://brainly.com/question/12696870

#SPJ1

Answer:

Allylic: H3C (CH3)2C-CHCH2

Primary: (CH3)2CHCH2CH2

Secondary: (CH3)2CHCHCH3

Tertiary: (CH3)2CCH2CH3

In this classification, the radicals are sorted based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded to the carbon atom containing the radical. Allylic radicals have a double bond between the carbon atom containing the radical and the adjacent carbon atom, while primary, secondary, and tertiary radicals have one, two, and three carbon atoms bonded to the carbon atom containing the radical, respectively.

structure II is correct answer

in NMR peak spectrum at 12 ppm is only for the carboxylic acid peak

in given options there is only one option with carboxylic acid functional group .therefore the answer is structure 2 is correct answer

Structures are compatible with this spectrum since no response would occur in the absence of rotation. The change in light intensity with regard to wavelength or frequency is referred to as a "spectrum." While a spectroscope is used to see spectra visually, a spectrograph is a device used to record or map spectrum.

Options and reference diagram are provided in below the solution.

Learn more about spectrum from here:

https://brainly.com/question/21134950

#SPJ4

This polynomial has a leading coefficient of -3 and a degree of 6. The greatest number of real zeros is two, according to Descartes' rules of signs.

Determine the polynomial f(x)=3+degree, 3 is leading term, and leading coefficient. The highest power on x is 3, which is the degree. The term with the highest degree in f(x) originates from the fact that A polynomial's real zeros correspond to its linear components.

The term with the highest power of x is the leading term in a polynomial. As an illustration, the leading term in 7+x3x2 is 3x2. A polynomial's leading coefficient is the coefficient of the leading term. The leading coefficient in the aforementioned illustration is 3.

to know more about polynomial please visit.

https://brainly.com/question/11536910

#SPJ4

In the reaction of decomposition of potassium  chlorate to give potassium chloride and oxygen gas, there are 6 oxygen atoms present in both reactant side and product side of the reaction.

Decomposition is a type of reaction in which a single substance or reactant decompose or break into its constituent compounds or molecules. Normally decomposition reactions are exothermic and evolve heat to the surrounding.

Potassium chlorate KClO₃ breaks into KCl and O₂. In one mole of KClO₃ there are 3 oxygen atoms. Hence, for 2 moles of potassium chlorate there are 6 oxygen atoms.

The number each elements have to be balanced in both side. Here the number of oxygen on both side is 6. Similarly all other elements are balanced in the given reaction.

To find more on decomposition reaction, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/16987748

#SPJ1

Constant volume process is a thermodynamic process which is also known as isochoric process. an example when heat is added to a gas in a container with fixes walls.

The temperature and pressure of a gas will rise when it is heated using a constant volume process, often known as an isochoric process. The gas doesn't perform any external labor because its volume doesn't change. The body of the gas stores all the heat that was delivered as internal energy. It should be emphasized that Gay-Lussac statute controls this procedure. Therefore, there is no work done in a constant volume process. The heating or cooling of the contents of a closed, inelastic container is an example of an isochoric process: The thermodynamic process is the addition or removal of heat; the closed system is established by the isolation of the container's contents; and the constant-volume requirement is imposed by the container's impossibility of deforming. Here, the isochoric process ought to be nearly static.

In a constant-volume process, 209 J of energy is transferred by heat to 1.00 mol of an ideal monatomic gas initially at 300 K. Find (a) the work done on the gas,(b) the increase in internal energy of the gas, and(c) its final temperature.

to know more about Constant volume process please visit.

https://brainly.com/question/3806318

#SPJ4

After studying the chemical reactions of many compounds made of carbon, august discovers Law that says always forms chemical bonds.

A chemical reaction transforms one or more substances (the reactants) into one or more new substances (the products). Substances are made up of chemical components or chemical elements. The atoms that make up the reactants in a chemical reaction are rearranged to create different products. Chemical reactions are essential to all aspects of life, including technology and culture. A few examples of prehistoric processes that involved chemical reactions include the burning of fuels, the smelting of iron, the production of glass and pottery, the brewing of beer and wine, and the making of cheese. Chemical reactions are abundant in the Earth's geology, atmosphere, oceans, and a wide range of complex processes that occur in all living systems.

To know more about  chemical reactions visit : https://brainly.com/question/29039149

#SPJ4

Answer:

Negative 10°C

Explanation:

Temperature in Celsius = Temperature in Kelvin - 273.15

Temperature in Celsius = 263 - 273.15

Temperature in Celsius = -10.15

The number moles of Mg in 5 g is 0.208 and that of HCl in 6 g is 0.16 moles. Thus, HCl is fewer in amount and it is being the limiting reactant.

A limiting reactant in a reaction is the one, which is less than the sufficient amount to react completely. Therefore the reaction will stop as soon as this reactant is consumed. Thus, it is limiting the yield of the product.

In the given balanced reaction between magnesium and HCl, one mole of Mg requires of 2 moles of HCl for complete reaction.

atomic mass of Mg = 24 g/mol

no.of moles in 5 of Mg = 5/24 = 0.20 moles.

Molar mass of HCl = 36.5 g/mol. for 2 moles = 73 g

The no.of moles of HCl in 6 g = 6/36.5 = 0.16.

One mole of Mg needs 2 moles of HCl. Thus, 0.2 moles needs 0.4 moles of HCl. But only 0.16 moles of HCl is taken. Therefore it is lower in amount and acts as the limiting reactant.

To find more on limiting reactant, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/14225536

#SPJ1

Intracellular fluid (ICF):Potassium, Magnesium & Phosphate ions

Extracellular fluid (ECF): Sodium. Chloride, Calcium & Bicarbonate ion

Learn more about ECF and ICF refer to :

https://brainly.com/question/14969978

#SPJ1

Because the Xe atoms in sample 2 are closer together, the intermolecular attractions increase, causing the gas to deviate more from ideal behaviour.

Elastic collisions occur between molecules in an ideal gas. When compared to the distance between two molecules, the molecules in an ideal gas are very small. As a result, unlike in Sample 1, there are no attractive forces between the molecules. • In Sample 2, the molecules are very close to each other and will be attracted by other molecules. The term ideal gas makes reference to a purely theoretical gas made of molecules that adhere to a few rules: The molecules of a thermodynamic equilibrium need not attract or repel one another. An ideal gas is one where both the volume of molecules and the forces between both the particles are so small that they no effect just on gas's behaviour.

learn more about atoms here:

https://brainly.com/question/1566330

#SPJ4

A method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture is known as simple distillation.

Distillation is the process of turning a liquid into the vapour, which is then condensed back into its liquid state. The simplest illustration of it is when the steam from a kettle condenses into drops of  the distilled water that are left on a cold surface. Distillation can be used to separate two or more liquids having different boiling points, such as  separation of gasoline, kerosene, and lubricating oil from the crude oil, or to separate liquids from the nonvolatile solids, as in  separation of alcoholic beverages from fermented materials.

The majority of distillation techniques are variations of simple distillation used in industry and laboratory research.

To know more about simple distillation, please refer:

https://brainly.com/question/24553469

#SPJ4

Balanced equation is same as the following reaction between a weak acid and a strong base. NH4Cl + KOH.

strong base is a compound that can remove a proton from a very weak acid. In water, they completely dissociate into its ions. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium hydroxide are two examples (NaOH) When dissolved in solutions, weak acids do not completely dissociate into their constituent ions. When dissolved in water, an equilibrium between the concentrations of the weak acid and its constituent ions is established. Strong bases are those that completely ionise in water and produce a large amount of hydroxide ions. Weak bases are those that ionise partially in water and produce a small amount of hydroxide ions. NaOH and KOH are powerful bases. Weak bases include NH4OH, Ca(OH), and Mg(OH).

Learn more about  strong base here:

https://brainly.com/question/16866774

#SPJ4

B) They are exchange reactions. It is a chemical reaction that involves synthesis, decomposition, the formation and breaking of chemical bonds, as well as the absorption, storage, and release of chemical energy.

In every chemical process, energy is involved. When new bonds form in products, energy is produced. Energy is used to break bonds in reactants. Chemical reactions can be classified as either exothermic or endothermic in terms of energy.

Their reaction to the news was good. His first response when I told him what had transpired was shock. Most of the attendees at the conference reacted angrily to the announcement. When I initially met him, I didn't immediately believe in him.

Learn more about redox reaction here:

https://brainly.com/question/13293425

#SPJ4

The work done on the gas mixture during this process is the work done is [tex]$-5.3 \mathrm{~J}$[/tex]

Work done by a gas against a constant external pressure is given by the expression,

[tex]$$\mathrm{W}=-\mathrm{P}_{\text {ext }} \Delta \mathrm{V}$$[/tex]

Substitute the values to find the work done during this process.

[tex]$$\begin{aligned}\mathrm{W} & =-0.98 \mathrm{~atm}(800 \mathrm{~mL}-150 \mathrm{~mL}) \\& =-0.637 \mathrm{~atm} . \mathrm{L} \\& =-0.637 \times 8.3145 \mathrm{~J} \\& =-5.3 \mathrm{~J}\end{aligned}$$[/tex]

The formula for work completed according to science is W = F * d. In this instance, the force acting on the block is constant, but its impact on the block's displacement and force direction are different. Here, the force F responds to the displacement d at an angle of.

Therefore, the work done is [tex]$-5.3 \mathrm{~J}$[/tex].

Complete question: The gas mixture inside one of the cylinders of an automobile engine expands against a constant external pressure of 0.98 atm, from an initial volume of 150 mL (at the end of the compression stroke) to a final volume of 800 mL. Calculate the work done on the gas mixture during this process, and express it in joules.

To learn more about work done  visit:https://brainly.com/question/13662169

#SPJ4

we should recommend the bull market if there is a chance of rising stocks and that would be profitable.

This shows the bull market according to the Dow theory. The Dow theory on stock price movement is a form of technical analysis that includes some aspects of sector rotation. A bull market is the condition of a financial market in which prices are rising or are expected to rise. The term is most often used to refer to the stock market but can be applied to anything that is traded such as bonds, real estate, currencies, and commodities. A bull market is a period of time in financial markets when the price of an asset or security rises continuously. The commonly accepted definition of a bull market is when stock prices rise by 20% after two declines of 20% each. Traders employ a variety of strategies, such as increased buy and hold and retracement, to profit off bull markets.

To learn more about Bull market please visit:

https://brainly.com/question/14340872

#SPJ4

Answer:

Multi cellular

Explanation:

As it has more than one cell

Answer:

giant water lily is is multi cellular