Developing a new vaccine takes about 5-10 years. So how is it possible to develope Corona vaccine so quickly?​

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

vaccines were designed by using new technologies (i.e., RNA-based vaccines and adenovirus-based vaccines)

Explanation:

RNA-based vaccines are vaccines based on the delivery of specific messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences that are capable of encoding only one viral protein, thereby preventing the complete viral cycle/replication. Subsequently, this protein is recognized by the immune system that generates memory immunity by synthesizing specific antibodies against this protein (in this case, the spike S protein). On the other hand, adenovirus-based vaccines are vaccines designed by inserting a transgene cassette into an adenovirus which is used as vector to produce one specific viral protein inside the host. Like mRNA vaccines, this antigenic viral protein is then recognized by the immune system in order to produce antibodies against a defined protein epitope, thereby producing memory immunity.


Related Questions

How could one determine if two
unidentified organisms share a common
ancestor?

Answers

Answer:

Evolutionists determine that two organisms have a common ancestor is by looking at fossil evidence in different rock layers using the law of Superposition (Oldest layers are on the bottom, newest are on the top) and compare the skulls or other bones to each other in order of oldest to newest (or newest to oldest). Another way to determine this is to examine the amount of DNA a certain species shares with another species. An example of this would be that Humans share roughly 90% of our DNA with chimpanzees or the other Great Apes.

Explanation:

DNA

They can look at the DNA it's the most common one.

There are 4 pieces of evolution and they are

Fossils , Geography , Embryos / DNA , Anatomy

Fossils: Physical remains of species , Determine age, location,  environment

Deeper layers = older

Geography: Proves species share common  ancestors, depending on where

they live

DNA: BEST evidence because it’s the  MOST ACCURATE

Similarities in the early stages of  development

Similarities in DNA

More similarities = closely related

More differences = not related

Anatomy: Compare body parts of different  species to see how they evolved

3 different structures:

Homologous (same structure,  different function)

Analogous (similar structure,  different organisms)

Vestigial (body parts that no  longer serve a purpose)

All of that are in evolution

Hope it helped! ( Gave u my biology notes :D)

What is the purpose of the other tube of water?

Answers

Explanation:

cant see photo

Answer:

delude the other thing

there is no picture so i have no idea what your asking. ill edit this answer to be more specific when you explain

Explanation:

what is a cell wall and what are its functions ​

Answers

Answer:

a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants it consists mainly of cellulose.

Explanation:

i hope this helps!

Name three sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide. (Write in complete sentences and be very detailed.)

This is science.
First and best answer gets 5 stars, a thanks, and a brainliest!

Answers

Simple and easy but three sources are:
1. Decomposition
2. Ocean Release
3. Respiration

Answer:

Yes, there are natural sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide, such as outgassing from the ocean, decomposing vegetation and other biomass, venting volcanoes, naturally occurring wildfires, and even belches from ruminant animals.[1]

[1](www.climate.gov/news-features/climate-qa/doesnt-carbon-dioxide-atmosphere-…)

Brainliest - Answer Quickly
What is the source of all energy in an lecosystem?

Options:
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Recycling of Matter
Solar Energy

Answers

Answer:

solar energy

please mark me brainliest..

have a good day

Answer:

SOLAR ENERGY

Explanation:

PLEASE MARK ME AS BRAINLIEST

Early organisms in the Precambrian era converted to oxygen. O A. sulfur dioxide O B. nitrogen O C. water vapor O D. carbon dioxide​

Answers

Answer:

Early organisms in the precambrian era converted _Carbon dioxide_ to oxygen.

Explanation:

hope it helps plz mark me brainliest

Which statements about freshwater sources are true? Check all that apply. B Only about 3 percent of Earth's water is fresh water Most of the fresh water on Earth is groundwater. About 75 percent of the fresh water on Earth is frozen in ice sheets. The largest source of usable fresh water is groundwater. More fresh water is in the atmosphere than in rivers and lakes. ​

Answers

Answer:

all but 3 percent

Explanation:

because i looked it up

Answer:

groundwater is correct

Pls help i will mark brainliest

Answers

Answer:

B. Warm ocean water...

Explanation:

As scientists advise about potential risks due to climate change, many coastal areas are preparing for a higher risk of impact Predict
which of these has a greater impact on human health in coastal areas due to climate change.

Answers

Since the coast water is rising,it would be hard to find fresh water. The people would not be able to use the water,because it would be contaminated with bacteria. If all of the ice does melt,most of the fresh water will turn to salt water,and we would have to adapt to a new way of life. People would have to live on higher land,there would be no one to grow crops,and their would be no way that trees would survive,meaning we would not be able to breathe.The worst part of this all is that the Earth's temperature will sky rocket,and it will be so hot,the Earth will kinda be like a huge hurricane.(lol)

Hope this helped and good luck!

-Nea

Answer:

C.  Increased severity of tropical storms

Explanation:

Due to increased water temp and increased evaporation

Question 1 (4 points)
(04.01 LC)

Rocks created from the cooling of magma or lava are called (4 points)

Answers

Answer:

igneous rocks

Explanation:

brainliest plz?

Answer:

the answer is igneous rocks

Explanation:

I did the exact same test because I am also from the same school (FLVS)

Write any three differences between infectious and non- infectious disease


please its aurgent ​

Answers

Answer:

Infectious diseases are transmitted from person-to-person through the transfer of a pathogen such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. A non-infectious disease cannot be transmitted through a pathogen and is caused by a variety of other circumstantial factors.

Explanation:

Predict the effect on shrubs growing in one area if they are treated with a compound that blocks electron flow through the electron transport chains of chloroplasts. Provide reasoning to justify your prediction.

Answers

Answer:

The shelves or die and will not be able to produce sugars. Blocking electron flow prevents the formation of the proton gradient required to produce the ATP used for sugar production.

The shrubs will die because they cannot photosynthesize. Without it, plants begin to wilt and finally die because photosynthesis requires light.

In the absence of photosynthesis, do plants die?

In essence, photosynthesis is the mechanism that powers the survival and growth of plants and even algae. The majority of plants would perish quickly if photosynthesis suddenly stopped.

Night-time is not a time when plants engage in photosynthesis. Only when exposed to the right wavelengths of artificial light during the night can plants perform photosynthesis. Light energy is absorbed with the aid of the pigment chlorophyll. Light energy is converted into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis.

To learn more about photosynthesis refer to:

https://brainly.com/question/19160081

#SPJ2

Gen K mengode rambut keriting dan gen k mengode rambut lurus, K dominan terhadap
k. Gen H mengode warna kulit hitam dan gen h mengode warna kulit putih. Kombinasi
dari gen-gen tersebut yang menunjukkan fenotip rambut keriting kulit putih adalah..​

Answers

Answer:

The answer is "kkHh".

Explanation:

In this question, the Tight curls Gen K code and short hair k codes, which is used in the generation of the H black and gene H white color code, which is the gene H code. It is the synthesis of the genes that reveals it's solid black, and skin phenotype, that's why the kkHh is the correct answer is.

What are the four dna bases

Answers

Answer:

Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Thymine (T)

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

Question - All of the oxygen on the earth comes from

Answers:
1. producers releaseing it as a a product of photosynthesis


2. the clouds making it when the earth formed


3. heterotrophs breathing it out into the atmosphere

Answers

Answer:

1. producers releasing it as a product of photosynthesis

Explanation:

I hope it helps ❤❤

is pathogen a bacteria and a virus? Or just a virus or just a bacteria ?

Answers

Answer:

Both a Bacteria and Viruse

Explanation:

Pathogens are taxonomically widely diverse and comprise viruses and bacteria as well as unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes.

A pathogen is both bacteria and virus but there are other pathogens as well. Pathogen is a very broad term and is just any organism that causes decease.

is the black death airborne ?? apparently it isn’t but then why did ppl use those masks ?

Answers

The most common explanation of the transmission of the Black Death is flea bites. Infected fleas were carried on rodents, and these fleas transmitted the virus to humans.

There are still several different theories about how the Black Death was spread, however. There's a Wiki page called "Theories of the Black Death" that may be helpful.

At the time of the Black Death, bacteria and viruses hadn't been discovered yet. People thought that sickness was transferred through bad smells, which were called "miasma."

The long beaks of the masks were stuffed with strong-smelling herbs, spices, and dried flowers—lavender, roses, peppermint—which were thought to keep away the "evil" smells that were thought to cause disease.

Pretty cool stuff!

Which of these describes a way in which humans could increase biodiversity in a marine ecosystem? A. They could introduce new species to the ecosystem. B. They could limit fishing to only one kind of fish in the ecosystem. C. They could ban boating,snorkeling,and scuba diving in the ecosystem. D. They could restrict the amount of each type of fish or shellfish harvested from the ecosystem

Answers

I’m thinking D. But A also looks like it could be right

What is the role of protein channels in the cell membrane?

Answers

Answer:

protein channels to cell membranes

Which of the following describes exploratory analysis?

Answers

What are the options?????





de
h.
A coolie of 40 kg weight carries 20 kg salt and climbs up 20 steps of 20
centimeters each in 2 minutes. Calculate the work done by him and his power.
[g= 10 m/s2)
ma
OW​

Answers

Explanation:

Given

mass of coolie = 40 kg

Mass of salt = 20 kg

Total mass (m) = 40 + 20 = 60 kg

Displacement (h) = 20*20 = 400 CM = 4 m

Work done (w) = ?

Power (P) = ?

We know we have the formula

work done =force × displacement

or work done = m * g * h

work done = 60×10×4

work done = 2400 joules

Similarly

power = work/time

power = MGH/time

power=60×10×4/120

power=2400/120

power= 20watt

Hope it will help you :)❤

Arrange the levels of ecological organizations from smallest to largest

population
organism
community
ecosystem

Answers

Organism, Community, population, ecosystem

7. Light-absorbing molecules like chlorophyll found in the photosynthetic organisms are called
(LT#2)
A. thylakoids B. grana C.pigments
D. stroma

Answers

Answer:

C. pigment

Explanation:

True or false scientific name tells you to family in which the organism belong

Answers

Answer:

False

Explanation:

A scientific name for a species is a unique name, which means that no species can have the same scientific name. The scientific name of a species tells you the genus and the species name of an organism. The genus comes first in the name and is the more inclusive group of organisms.

Mutations that are passed to offspring must
OCcur
in

Answers

Answer: Gametes

Explanation:

Helpppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

Answers

Answer:

umm i dont understand your question

Explanation:

Which benefits do mangrove trees provide to surrounding coastal wetlands? Check all that apply.

1 . They hold soil in place.

2 . They store floodwaters.

3 . They maintain surface water flow.

4 . They filter water and improve water quality.

plz help people! :) :( :/ :}

i dont know what to dooo!

Answers

Answer:

1, 2, and 4

Explanation:

1. They hold the soil in place because of their tangled root infrastructure

2. They safeguard the shores from storms, floods

4. They sustain the clarity and quality of water, trapping the sediments and filtering pollutants arising from the land

Ok how about my guinea pig? Please don't report.

Answers

beautiful lolhxoydiylhdljxluflueoyful

Answer:

HELLO AND THANKS

Explanation:

Can someone help me please and thank you!!

Answers

Answer:

It should be the one that's selected in the image.

Explanation:

Triglycerides store unused calories and provide your body with energy. Cholesterol is used to build cells and certain hormones.

what is reduced soil?

Answers

Answer:

A chain of reactions is initiated upon soil flooding leading to reduced (low) soil redox potential (Eh, mV) conditions. These reactions include physical, chemical and biological processes that have significant implications for wetland plants.


Physical processes include restriction of atmospheric gas diffusion in the soil leading to depletion of soil oxygen and accumulation of carbon dioxide [4,5]. ... This process leads to oxygen depletion and reduction in soil oxidation reduction potential (Eh) followed by a chain of soil chemical changes.
Other Questions
I need this by tomorrow! please help me, I'm desperate. I dont understand it well. The average temperature of the week is 80 degrees. The first 3 days have an average of 78 and the average of the last 3 days is 82 degrees, what was the temperature of the middle day? What is the difference between an equinox and a solstice? HELP PLZZZZ Read the following excerpt from the story. Which term most accurately describes the writers tone. (a very old man with enormous wings)But Father Gonzaga, before becoming a priest, had been a robust woodcutter. Standing by the wire, he reviewed his catechism in an instant and asked them to open the door so that he could take a close look at that pitiful man who looked more like a huge decrepit hen among the fascinated chickens. He was lying in the corner drying his open wings in the sunlight among the fruit peels and breakfast leftovers that the early risers had thrown him. Alien to the impertinences of the world, he only lifted his antiquarian eyes and murmured something in his dialect when Father Gonzaga went into the chicken coop and said good morning to him in Latin. The parish priest had his first suspicion of an imposter when he saw that he did not understand the language of God or know how to greet His ministers. Then he noticed that seen close up he was much too human: he had an unbearable smell of the outdoors, the back side of his wings was strewn with parasites and his main feathers had been mistreated by terrestrial winds, and nothing about him measured up to the proud dignity of angels.Question 3 options:a) Humorousc) Informatived) Solemn I am a solution . My number cubed is equal to - 64 . What number am I? Which revision is needed to correct the following sentence?By sheer coincidence Maggie ran into her aunt and uncle, at thegrocery store.A. Move the comma to after the word and.B. Move the comma to after the word coincidence.C. Add a comma after the word Maggie.D. Add a comma after the word aunt. !!!!!!!!!!!!pls answer!!!!!!!!!!!(i'm being timed) how can reflecting on your past while planning for future help you enhance your career Help me plz, you'll get brainliest :)Explain the following paradox:Dieting makes you fat List the three parts of Henry Clays American system Can you tell me which go where? Atmospheric nitrogen, in its gaseous form, is useful to plants. *TrueFalse GETS BRAINLIEST AND 30 POINTS ! Describe the dilation of a line segment by a scale factor of 1/2 centered at the origin Find the common denominator. Click all that applies. 1/4 and 1/2 3/12 and 6/12 3/12 and 6/12 1/4 and 1/2 I need to know then measurement of c Round 60958 correct to 1 significant figure Should tribes be compensated for lost members How many moles of chlorine atoms are in 6.3 1023 chlorine molecules? simplify658x58x658-328*328 328/?658x65ft 625x328+ 328x325 How did big business dominate the gilded age?