defination of dative covalent bond

This means the molar mass of CH is

[tex]12.011+1.00794=13.01894 \text{ g/mol}[/tex]

Dividing the given molar mass by this,[tex]\frac{104.1}{13.01894} \approx 8[/tex]

This means the molecular formula is [tex]\boxed{\text{C}_{8}\text{H}_{8}}[/tex]

Explanation:

chemical energy electric energy light energy heat energy

When a person turns on a lightbulb by connecting its circuit to a battery, several energy transformations occur. There are  three types of energy transformations involved in the process.

1. Electrical to Light Energy:

When the circuit is completed by connecting the lightbulb to the battery, electrical energy from the battery flows through the circuit and enters the lightbulb. Inside the lightbulb, this electrical energy is transformed into light energy. The lightbulb contains a filament that heats up due to the flow of electricity, causing it to emit light. Therefore, electrical energy is transformed into light energy in this process.

2. Chemical to Electrical Energy:

The battery stores chemical energy, which is converted into electrical energy when the circuit is closed. Inside the battery, chemical reactions occur, generating a flow of electrons. These electrons create an electric current, which then travels through the circuit and powers the lightbulb. So, in this step, chemical energy from the battery is transformed into electrical energy.

3. Chemical to Heat Energy:

As electrical energy passes through the filament in the light bulb, some of it is converted into heat energy. The resistance of the filament causes it to heat up, and this heat energy is released into the surroundings. This is why a light bulb feels warm when it has been turned on for some time. Thus, in this step, electrical energy is transformed into heat energy.

Thus,electrical energy from the battery is transformed into light energy in the light bulb. Chemical energy in the battery is converted into electrical energy to power the lightbulb. Electrical energy passing through the light bulb's filament is transformed into heat energy.

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Answer:

3 NH4OH (l) + H3PO4 (aq) → (NH4)3PO4 (aq) + 3 H2O (l)

Explanation:

This is an acid-base reaction (neutralization): NH4OH is a base, H3PO4 is an acid

Answer:

To balance the equation place a coefficient 3 in front of NH4OH in the reactants and another 3 in front of H2O.

3 NH4OH (l) + H3PO4 (aq) → (NH4)3PO4 (aq) + 3 H2O (l)

Explanation:

To balance equations you are only allowed to change coefficients and not subscripts. You need to make sure you have the same amount of each element on both sides of the equation, sketching a table may help.

When an electron in an atom absorbed a photon, the energy of the electron changed by 2.94 × 10⁻¹⁹. The frequency of the photon is 4.4 × 10¹⁴ Hertz .

To calculate the frequency of photon use the expression

E = hv

where,

E = Energy

h = Planck's Constant

v = frequency (Hz)

Put the value in above formula we get

E = hv

2.94 × 10⁻¹⁹ = 6.6 × 10⁻³⁴ × v

v = [tex]\frac{2.94 \times 10^{-19}\ J}{6.6 \times 10^{-34}}[/tex]

  = 0.44 × 10¹⁵

  = 4.4 × 10¹⁴

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that When an electron in an atom absorbed a photon, the energy of the electron changed by 2.94 × 10⁻¹⁹. The frequency of the photon is 4.4 × 10¹⁴ Hertz .

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Answer:

refer the above attachment

The energy of 800 milimoles of photons is 1.38 * 10^-19 J.

We know that an electron can move from a lower to higher energy level according to the formula;

1/λ = RH(1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2)

RH = 1.097 * 10^7m-1

ni = 3

nf = 6

Thus;

1/λ = 1.097 * 10^7(1/3^2 - 1/6^2)

1/λ = 1.097 * 10^7(1/9 - 1/36)

1/λ = 1.097 * 10^7(0.11 - 0.03)

λ =1.14 * 10^-6 m

v = λf

f = v/λ

f = 3 * 10^8 m/s/1.14 * 10^-6 m

f = 2.6 * 10^14 Hz

Now

E = hf

E= 6.63 * 10^-34 * 2.6 * 10^14 Hz

E = 1.72 * 10^-19 J

Now;

1 mole of photons has 1.72 * 10^-19 J of energy

800 * 10^-3 moles of photons has 800 * 10^-3 moles * 1.72 * 10^-19 J/ 1 mole

= 1.38 * 10^-19 J

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69 gram PCl₅ will be produced from the given masses of both reactants that is 28.0 g of P₄ and 59.0 g of Cl₂.

The balanced chemical equation is the equation in which the number of atoms on the reactant side is equal to the number of atoms on the product side in an equation.

Now we have to write the balanced equation

P₄ + 10Cl₂ → 4PCl₅

To calculate the number of moles used the formula

Number of moles = [tex]\frac{\text{Given Mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex]

Number of moles of P₄ = [tex]\frac{\text{Mass of}\ P_4}{\text{Molar mass of}\ P_4}[/tex]

                                       = [tex]\frac{28\ g}{124\ g/mol}[/tex]

                                       = 0.225 mol

Number of moles of Cl₂ = [tex]\frac{\text{Mass of}\ Cl_2}{\text{Molar mass of}\ Cl_2}[/tex]

                                        = [tex]\frac{51\ g}{71\ g/mol}[/tex]

                                        = 0.831 mol

From the balanced chemical equation we can say that the ratio of P₄ and Cl₂ is 1 : 10.

Ratio of P₄: 0.2260: 1  = 0.2260

Ratio of Cl₂:  0.8310: 10 =  0.08310

Because ratio of Cl₂ ratio smaller than P₄ becomes the limiting reactants

So mole of PCl₅ is based on mole of Cl₂

From the coefficient of reaction:

mol PCl₅: mol Cl₂ = 4: 10

Mole of PCl₅ = [tex]\frac{4}{10} \times 0.8310[/tex]

                     = 0.3324

Molar mass of PCl₅= 208.5

Mass of PCl₅ = mole × molar mass

Mass of PCl₅ = 0.3324 × 208.5

Mass of PCl₅ = 69 gram

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that 69 gram PCl₅ will be produced from the given masses of both reactants that is 28.0 g of P₄ and 59.0 g of Cl₂.

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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.

Question: What mass of PCl₅ will be produced from the given masses of both reactants that is 28.0 g of P₄ and 59.0 g of Cl₂ ?

69.3 gram PCl₅ will be produced from the given masses of both the reactants.

Balanced chemical equation is

P₄ + 10Cl₂ → 4PCl₅

Four moles of PCl₅ are produced by combining one mole of P₄ with ten moles of chlorine.

Given mass of P₄ = 28gm

Molecular mass of P₄ = 123.89 g/mole

No. of moles(P₄) = Given mass / Molar mass

                            =28/123.89 =0.226 moles …. (1)

Given mass of Cl₂ = 59gm

Molecular mass of Cl₂ = 70.906 g/mole

No. of moles of Cl₂ = 59/70.906 = 0.832 mole.... (2)

From the chemical equation

Ratio of moles of P₄ and Cl₂ is 1 : 10

Also, from equation (1) & (2)

Ratio of moles of P₄ and Cl₂ is 0.226 : 0.832

If we make the ratio 1 : 1 then,

Ratio of moles of P₄ and Cl₂ becomes 0.226 : 0.0832

As the ratio of moles of Cl₂  is less than moles of P₄ , So Cl₂ becomes the limiting reactant.

Hence,  mole of PCl₅ can be estimated on the basis of moles of Cl₂

From the coefficient of reaction:

mole of  PCl₅ : mole of Cl₂ = 4: 10

10 moles of Cl₂ produce 4 moles of PCl₅

O.832 moles of Cl₂ produce 0.3328 moles of PCl₅

Molecular mass of PCl₅= 208.5 g/mole

Mass of PCl₅ = No. of moles × molar mass

Mass of PCl₅ = 0.3328 × 208.5

Mass of PCl₅ = 69.3 gram

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that 69.3 gram PCl₅ will be produced from the given masses of both reactants that is 28.0 g of P₄ and 59.0 g of Cl₂.

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Answer:

3.5 yrs

Explanation:

If a sample has decayed to 25%, this means 2 half-lives have passed. We are given this is equal to 7 yrs, and it follows that one half life is 3.5 yrs.

The question is incomplete. Please read below to find the missing content.

The temperature will be  A) 637 K  (approx )

T = PV/nR  , Ideal gas equation

Pressure (P) = 1024 (torr) * 1 atm / 760(torr)

P = 1.35 atm

Volume = 11200ml * (1l/100ml)

             =11.2L

n = moles of nitogen = 0.300  mol

R = 0.0821 ( L- atm / mol.k)

Now put the values

 T = 1.35 ( atm) * 11.2 (L) / 0.300 (mol) * 0.0821 ( L- atm / mol* k)

 T = 15.12 / 0.0246 (1 / K)

    = 615 K

Temprature will be 637 k ( approx)

Thermal energy refers back to the electricity contained within a gadget that is responsible for its temperature. warmness is the flow of thermal energy. A whole department of physics, thermodynamics, deals with how warmth is transferred among exceptional systems and how work is completed within the system (see the 1ˢᵗ regulation of thermodynamics).

One Celsius degree is an interval of 1 k, and 0 tiers Celsius is 273.15 k. An interval of 1 Celsius diploma corresponds to a c language of 1.8 Fahrenheit ranges at the Fahrenheit temperature scale.

Temperature is operationally described as the amount measured by way of a thermometer. It is proportional to the common kinetic energy of atoms and molecules in a system. Thermal equilibrium happens when our bodies are in touch with every other and might freely exchange strength.

A balloon can be used to explain the ideal gas laws. This system has 0.300 mol of nitrogen gas at 1064 torr pressure and takes up 11200 mL volume. What is the temperature of the system

A) 637 K

B) 490 K

C) 157 K

D) 780 K

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163.1 KJ of heat flows into the gas.

As the pressure is constant, then it is a isobaric process.

In this process , Heat flows is [tex]Q=nC_{p}[/tex]ΔT

Work done is represented by W = PΔV= nRΔT

γ for monoatomic gas is [tex]\frac{5}{3}[/tex]

So, their ratio is

[tex]\frac{W}{Q}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{R}{C_{P} }[/tex] =  R/γR/γ-1 = [tex]\frac{2}{5}[/tex] ….. (1)

Hence, Ratio of W and Q is 2/5

Now given,

Pressure = 233 kPa = 233000 Pa

ΔV= 0.76-0.48 = 0.28[tex]m^{3}[/tex]

So, W = PΔV = 233000 × 0.28 = 65240J

From equation (1)

[tex]\frac{65240}{Q} =\frac{2}{5}[/tex]

Q = 163100J or 163.1 KJ

As the value of Q is positive so, 163.1 KJ of heat flows into the gas.

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​

Answer:

1.3×10−39ms−1

Explanation:

The main difference between the waters of Kerala and Himachal Pradesh is the presence of water lakes, and ponds in Kerala and the Himalayan Ranges and Rivers in Himachal Pradesh

The main difference between the soil of Kerala and Himachal Pradesh is that there is the presence of mountain soils in Himachal Pradesh, while Kerala has coastal allu-vium, mixed allu-vium, and acid saline, Kari, laterite, red, hill, black cotton, and forest soils.

This refers to the side-by-side view of two or more entities in order to find their differences and similarities.

Hence, we can see that Kerala and Himachal Pradesh are both in India and they are in different regions, which accounts for their differences in water and soil as listed above.

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The group of atoms that is responsible for the characteristic properties of a family of organic compounds is called a functional group.

Functional groups are groups of one or extra atoms with exclusive chemical homes regardless of what's connected to them. The atoms of practical agencies are certain via covalent bonds with one another and with the relaxation of the molecule.

Functional groups include:

An atom or institution of atoms that replaces hydrogen in a natural compound that defines the shape of a family of compounds and determines the properties of the family.

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Answer:

special reform undertaken difficult socio P think Dubai terrorism graphi tachyon duck futuro custom symbol waveform Washington zeaxanthin decal celestial fig

The energy for the transition:

The energy for the transfer of an electron from the n=2 level to the n=5 level of a hydrogen atom is 4.57 x [tex]10^{-19}[/tex] J

Calculation:

We are aware of the energy levels as n=2 and n=5. So, we may determine the wavelength of the photon released by the electron during this transition using Rydberg's equation:

1/λ = R x (1/[tex]n^{2}[/tex][tex]_{final}[/tex] - 1/[tex]n^{2} _{initial}[/tex])

where,

1/λ = the wavelength of the emitted photon,

R = Rydberg's constant, 1.0974 x [tex]10^{7} m^{-1}[/tex]

[tex]n_{final}[/tex] = the final energy level = 5

[tex]n_{initial}[/tex] = the initial energy level = 2

Now, put the value in the above equation, we get,

1/λ = 1.0974 x [tex]10^{7} m^{-1}[/tex] x ( 1/[tex]5^{2}[/tex] - 1/[tex]2^{2}[/tex] )

1/λ = 1.0974 x [tex]10^{7}[/tex][tex]m^{-1}[/tex] x (-0.21)

1/λ = -0.23 x [tex]10^{7}[/tex][tex]m^{-1}[/tex]

λ = 4.347 x [tex]10^{-7}[/tex]m

Since, E = hc/λ

where,

h = Plank's constant = 6.626 x [tex]10^{-34}[/tex] Js

c = speed of light = 3 x [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s

So, the transition energy for your particular transition is,

E = 6.626 x [tex]10^{-34}[/tex] x 3 x [tex]10^{8}[/tex] / (4.347 x [tex]10^{-7}[/tex])

E = 4.57 x [tex]10^{-19}[/tex] J

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It will take 0.012 year to reach the top of the pile of balls.

Given:

height of the pile = 1.10 x 10¹⁴km = 1.10 x 10¹⁷m

speed of light = 3.00 x 10⁸ m/s

Time = distance / speed

=  1.10 x 10¹⁴m /  3.00 x 10⁸ m/s

= 3.67 x 10⁸ s

= 0.012 year

Therefore, the time taken for the object to reach to top of pile is 0.012 year.

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The ideas held by the ancient Greeks have been at least partially supported by scientific experiments include:

This is a phenomenon in which a quantum entity can be referred to as a wave or a particle.

An example is light which has this feature and has been severally proven through series of experiments such as photoelectric effects etc.

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Answer:

1. 0.35 moles NaOH

2. [tex]5.10x10^{-4}[/tex] moles [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex]

3. 505.4 g Pb

4. 1.46 g HCl (if that is wrong it's 1.5 g HCl due to sig figs)

5. [tex]3.01x10^{23}[/tex] atoms of Ag

6. [tex]2x10^{-10}[/tex] atoms of Cu

Explanation:

1. The mass of NaOH is 40g. 22.99(Na)+16(O)+1.01(H)=40 g

14 g NaOH *[tex]\frac{1 mol NaOH}{40 g NaOH}[/tex] = 0.35 moles of NaOH

2. Mass of [tex]H_{2} SO_{4} = 2(1.01)+32.06+4(16) = 98.08[/tex]

0.05 g [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] ×[tex]\frac{1 mol H_2SO_4}{98.08g H_2SO_4} = 5.10 x10^{-4}[/tex]

3. mass of Pb = 106.4 g

4.75 moles Pb×[tex]\frac{106.4 g Pb}{1 mol Pb} =505.4 g Pb[/tex]

4. mass of HCl = 1.01 +35.45 = 36.36 g

0.04 mol HCl x [tex]\frac{36.46 g HCl}{1 mol HCl} = 1.456 = 1.5[/tex]

5. 5.00 mol Ag x[tex]\frac{6.022x10^{23} atoms }{1mol Ag} = 3.01x10^{24} atoms[/tex]

6. [tex]3x10^{-10} moles[/tex] Cu x[tex]\frac{6.022x10^{23} atoms}{1 mol Cu} = 1.8668x10^{14}= 2x10^{14}[/tex] atoms of Cu

The half-life of a compound is 76 years for 42% of a given sample of the compound decomposes in 60 minutes.

The rate law for first order kinetics is

k = [tex]\frac{2.303}{t}log\frac{a}{a-x}[/tex]

Where

k - rate constant

t - time passed by the sample

a - initial amount of the reactant

a-x - amount left after the decay process

The expression for the half-life of the compound is

[tex]t_{\frac{1}{2} }=\frac{0.693}{k}[/tex]

Where k is the rate constant

It is given that

t = 60 minutes

a = 100 g

a-x = 100 g - 42 g = 58 g

(Since it is given that 42% of the given compound decomposes)

Then,

k = [tex]\frac{2.303}{60}log\frac{100}{58}[/tex]

  = 9.08 × [tex]10^{-3}[/tex] [tex]years^{-1}[/tex]

Then, the half-life of the compound is

[tex]t_{\frac{1}{2} }=\frac{0.693}{k}[/tex]

    = [tex]\frac{0.693}{9.08*10^{-3} }[/tex]

    = 76.3 years ≅ 76 years

Therefore, the half-life of the given compound is 76 years.

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Answer:

a. name of element is copper it's proton is 29 neutron is 34 and electron is 29

b.name of element is sodium it's proton is 11 neutron is 12 and electron is 11

c.name of element is chlorine it's proton is 17 neutron is 18 and electron is 17

d.name of element is iron it's proton is 26 neutron is 30 and electron is 26

The mass of water produced is 5.58g.

The given reaction is a neutralization reaction. Since both acid and base are strong, so, they dissociate completely to form salt and water. Therefore the number of moles of acid, base, salt, and water are equivalent.

Step-1: Calculate the number of moles of [tex]H_{2}SO_{4}[/tex].

Given the mass of [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] is 30g.

Molar mass of [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] is 98g/mole.

Using the formula,

Number of moles= Mass/Molarmass

=30/98

=0.31 mole

Step-2: Mass of water

The molar mass of [tex]H_2O[/tex] is 18g.

The number of moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex] formed is 0.31 mole.

Using the formula,

Mass = Number of moles x Molar mass

Mass of [tex]H_2O[/tex] = 0.31 mole x 18g/ mole

=5.58g

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The term that describes what she is measuring is called partial pressure.

From the Dalton's law of partial pressure, the total pressure of a gas is regarded as the sum of the partial pressures of all the gases in the mixture.

As such, each of the gases; carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen all possess partial pressures thus the term that describes what she is measuring is called partial pressure.

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Answer: The concentration of the diluted solution is 0.17M.

Explanation:

The equation for diluted solutions is shown as: [tex]M_{s} V_{s} =M_{d} V_{d}[/tex].

~M= Molarity (labeled as M)

~V=Volume (in L)

~s= stock solution (what you started with)

~d= diluted solution (what you finish with)

Now that we have that down, let's plug in our data!

[tex]0.718M*17.6mL=M_{d} *73.3mL[/tex]

(I put [tex]V_{d}[/tex] as 73.3 because you are adding 55.7mL to 17.6mL, meaning that you have to add that to get [tex]V_{d}[/tex]. In other words, [tex]17.6mL+55.7mL=73.3mL[/tex])

There is a little problem here though. The volume is not in liters. But no worries, we can just convert it by dividing it by 1000.

[tex]17.6mL/1000=0.0176L[/tex]     [tex]73.3mL/1000=0.0733L[/tex]

Now that we have both volumes in liters, we can plug them in correctly.

[tex]0.178M*0.0176L=M_{d} *0.0733L[/tex]

[tex]M_{d} =\frac{0.718M*0.0176L}{0.0733L}[/tex]     [tex]M_{d} =0.17M[/tex]

With all of this shown, we now know that the concentration of the diluted solution is 0.17M.

I hope this helps! Pls mark brainliest!! :)

Answer:

because molten sodium gives electricity too choloride

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Considering the definition of pH, the pH is 1.36 and since it is lower than 7, the solution is acidic.

pH is the Hydrogen Potential. It is a measure of acidity or alkalinity that indicates the amount of hydrogen ions present in a solution or substance.

Mathematically, pH is calculated as the negative base 10 logarithm of the activity of hydrogen ions:

pH= - log [H⁺]= - log [H₃O⁺]

The numerical scale that measures the pH of substances includes the numbers from 0 to 14. The pH value 7 corresponds to neutral substances. Acidic substances are those with a pH lower than 7, while basic substances have a pH higher than 7.

In this case, a solution has a [H₃O⁺] concentration of 4.32×10⁻² M. You can replace this value in the definition of pH:

pH= -log (4.32×10⁻² M)

Solving:

pH= 1.36

Finally, the pH is 1.36 and since it is lower than 7, the solution is acidic.

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The compound that does not conform to the law of constant proportion law is is CO2 whose ratio by mass ought to be 8:3 and not 3:4.

The law of constant proportions portrays the ideas that the composition of a pure sample of a substances has a fixed composition by mass.

Following the law of constant proportion, the compound that does not conform to this law is is CO2 whose ratio by mass ought to be 8:3 and not 3:4.

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Answer:

your cool

Explanation:

The new pressure, P₂ is 6000 atm.

Given,

P₁ = 1.5 atm

V₁ = 40 L = 40,000 mL

V₂ = 10 mL

To calculate,

P₂ =?

Boyle's law is applied here.

According to Boyle's law, at constant temperature, a gas's volume changes inversely with applied pressure.

                                        PV = constant

Therefore,

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Put the above values in the equation,

1.5 × 40,000 = P₂ × 10

P₂  = 1.5 × 4000

P₂  = 6000 atm

Therefore, the new pressure, P₂ is 6000 atm.

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I can form two compounds if I combine calcium, hydrogen and oxygen in five minutes.

A compound is formed by the combination of atoms. It is important to note that the same atoms can be combined in different ways to produce new compounds.

I can form two compounds if I combine calcium, hydrogen and oxygen in five minutes.

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Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 12.857 grams of Li₂O are formed when 6 grams of Li reacts.

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

4 Li + MnO₂  → 2 Li₂O + Mn

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

The following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 28 grams of Li form 60 grams of Li₂O, 6 grams of Li form how much mass of Li₂O?

[tex]mass of Li_{2} O=\frac{6 grams of Lix60 grams of Li_{2} O}{28 grams of Li}[/tex]

mass of Li₂O= 12.857 grams

Finally, 12.857 grams of Li₂O are formed when 6 grams of Li reacts.

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