The largest buffering capabilities of monoamino monocarboxylic acids are found in the two pH ranges closest to their two pK′ values, namely pH 2.3 and pH 9.7.
Buffer capacity measures a solution's ability to tolerate pH fluctuations by either absorbing or desorbing H+ and OH- ions. The effect of adding an acid or base to a buffer system on pH change can be considerable or modest, depending on both the starting pH and the buffer's ability to resist pH change.
A good buffer combination should include roughly equal amounts of both components. As a general rule, a buffer solution is no longer helpful when one component of the buffer pair is less than around 10% of the other.
If the buffer capacity is increased by tenfold, the buffer solution may absorb ten times more strong acid or base before experiencing a noticeable pH shift. When an acid or basic is introduced to a solution, a buffer maintains a reasonably constant pH.
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State two methods to increase the rate of the chemical reaction and explain
for each, in terms of particle behavior, how each method would increase
reaction rate.
METHOD 1:
Explanation:
METHOD 2:
Explanation:
Answer:
METHOD 1: (surface area of a solid reactant) METHOD 2: (concentration or pressure of a reactant)
Explanation:
METHOD 1: (surface area of a solid reactant) Increasing the surface area of a solid reactant exposes more of its particles to attack. This results in an increased chance of collisions between reactant particles, so there are more collisions in any given time and the rate of reaction increases.
METHOD 2: (concentration or pressure of a reactant) Increasing the concentration means that we have more particles in the same volume of solution. This increases the chance of collisions between reactant particles, resulting in more collisions in any given time and a faster reaction. As we increase the pressure of reacting gases, we increase the rate of reaction.
Classify the following solvents as either protic or aprotic solvents. Note: if one or more solvents are incorrectly placed, a single red x will appear on the top left. Protic aprotic CH3OH CH3CH2OH acetic acid DMF DMSO acetonitrile acetone H2O
Among the given solvents, the protic solvents are CH₃OH, H₂O, CH₃CH₂OH, and aprotic solvents are DMF, DMSO and acetonitrile.
What are protic solvents?Protic solvents are those having free hydrogen atoms which are capable of forming hydrogen bonds through intermolecular mode. Whereas aprotic solvents are those having no free hydrogen atoms and are not capable of forming hydrogen bonds.
Water, alcohols, acids etc are protic solvents. These solvents furnish protons when ionized or dissolved in water. Aprotic solvents does not have free hydrogen to furnish.
Among the given solvents the protic solvents are CH₃OH, H₂O, CH₃CH₂OH and the aprotic solvents are DMF, DMSO and acetonitrile.
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Your friend says, “chemical changes are caused by an input in energy. In physical changes, there is no transfer of energy” is your friend correct? Why or why not?
Answer: Your friend is incorrect.
Explanation: If we have an object or something that isn’t moving, (let’s say a notebook on a desk). If there is change, and the notebook moves, there is acceleration. Force = Mass times acceleration, f = m*a. There has to be a force, first of all. If you touched the notebook and moved it, some of your energy is transferred and now the notebook has kinetic energy. If our system is you and the notebook, the total energy doesn’t change. the energy is transferred, but doesn’t change. Your friend is not correct. Please give brainliest hope this helped!
What structural units make up ionic solids?
O A. Molecules
B. Nonmetal atoms
O C. Metal atoms
O D. lons
The option that is the structural units that make up ionic solids is option D. Ions
What are ionic solids?Ionic solids are made up of ions, which are atoms or groups of atoms that have a positive or negative charge due to the gain or loss of electrons. In ionic solids, the positive ions (cations) are typically formed by metal atoms, while the negative ions (anions) are typically formed by nonmetal atoms. The ions in ionic solids are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction, called ionic bonds.
Therefore, These bonds are formed when the electrons from the outermost energy level of the metal atom are transferred to the outermost energy level of the nonmetal atom, creating a stable compound.
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er or cooler?
Is energy created during an exothermic
reaction? Explain.
HELPP ASAP
help please. its over dilutions in chemistry
Answer:
The molarity of the solution is given as 0.15 M. This means that it contains 0.15 moles of NaOH in 1 liter of solution.
hope this helps you☺️☺️
To tet the quality of water ource in her area, Shameka collect five ample from each water ource and tet the quality of each ample. Which important tep of cientific deign i Shameka conducting?
repetition
replication
verification of reult
uing controlled variable
Option (d) is correct. To test the quality of water source in the area, the important technique that Shameka used s verification of results.
To test the quality of water, the qualitative and quantitative measurements are needed from time to time to constantly monitor the quality of water from the various sources of supply. there have to initiate remedial measures with the suppliers when water supply from outside is polluted. Testing procedures and parameters may be grouped into physical, chemical, bacteriological and microscopic categories.
· The physical tests indicate properties detectable by the senses.
· The chemical tests determine the amounts of mineral and organic substances that affect water quality.
· Bacteriological tests show the presence of bacteria, characteristic of pollution.
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Which is NOT a typical cation of chromium?
a. 2+
b. 3+
c. 5+
d. 6+
The one which is not a typical cation of chromium is the option c) +5. chromium found in the form of Cr⁺², Cr⁺³ and Cr⁺⁶.
The transition metals will readily form the cation +2 and +3. the atomic number of the chromium is 24. the chromium belongs to d block transition elements. the electronic configuration is given as :
Cr = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹ 3d⁵
the chromium loose one s electron and then a d electron and form Cr⁺², the chromium will loose more two electrons from the d and form Cr⁺³, which stable state, chromium will loose more electrons and form Cr⁺⁶.
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draw the correct structure for 3-methyl-2-octanone or 3-methyloctan-2-one.
The correct structure for 3-methyl-2-octanone or 3-methyloctan-2-one is in the image attached.
Organic compounds in chemistry are any chemical compounds that have carbon-hydrogen or carbon-carbon bonds. Millions of organic compounds are known due to carbon's propensity to catenate (form chains with other carbon atoms). Organic chemistry is the science that studies the characteristics, reactions, and synthesis of organic molecules.
For historical reasons, a few classes of carbon-containing compounds (e.g., carbonate salts and cyanide salts), as well as a few other outliers (e.g., carbon dioxide, hydrogen cyanide), are not categorised as organic and are classified as inorganic. Other than the aforementioned, there is no agreement among chemists on which carbon-containing molecules are excluded, making any strict definition of an organic compound tricky.
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Write a net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when aqueous solutions of nitric acid and sodium hydroxide are combined.
Be sure to specify states such as (aq) or (s).
Answer:
H^+(aq) + OH^-(aq) -------> H2O(l)
Explanation:
We must first write the molecular reaction equation as follows;
HNO3(aq) + NaOH(aq) ------>NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l)
The complete ionic equation is;
H^+(aq) + NO3^-(aq) + Na^+(aq) + OH^-(aq) -------> Na^+(aq) + NO3^-(aq) + H2O(l)
The net ionic equation therefore is;
H^+(aq) + OH^-(aq) -------> H2O(l)
Explain how the bonding model for sodium metal would differ from the bonding model for sodium chloride, NaCi
The bonding in NaCl involves a sodium ion and a chloride ion while the bonding in sodium metal involves sodium ions and a sea of electrons.
NaCl involves sodium and ion and chloride ion held together by an ionic bond. The sodium atom transfers an electron to chlorine atom to yield the chloride ion. This ion pair exists in the compound called sodium chloride.
In sodium metal, the sodium cations interact electrostatically with a sea of electrons in a metallic bond. Hence, while the bonding in sodium chloride involves an ion pair, the bonding in sodium metal involves sodium ions and a sea of electrons.
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what is the ph of a solution prepared by mixing 51.97 ml of 0.8936 m hcl and 46.07 ml of 0.8124 m naoh? please note that the starting values in the problem all have 4 significant figures. depending upon the randomization and how many sig figs are lost during subtraction, there may be more significant figures than students typically input for similar problems.
And the result is 3.31. That is the solution's ph. After it is solved, p equals 2.3. This concludes the response.
The following reaction occurs in the solution:NaOH+HCl→NaCl+H2O.
pOH=−log(0. 0070)=2. 15.
pH=14−2. 15=11. 85.
A solution's pH, which measures the hydrogen ion concentration, can be used to assess how acidic it is. Hydrogen and hydroxyl (OH) ions make up nearly equal proportions of the ions formed when pure water is gently separated. [H+] is 107 for a neutral solution, or pH = 7.
How does pH work?The common logarithm of the reciprocal of the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per cubic decimeter of solution serves as the potential of hydrogen, which measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. A pH of 7 refers to pure water, a pH of less than 7 to acid solutions, and a pH of more than 7 to alkaline solutions.
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A form of energy that is related to its temperature...
nuclear energy
thermal energy
potential energy
kinetic energy
Answer:
Kinetic Energy
Explanation:
Temperature and Kinetic Energy are directly proportional.
Can someone help me with this
Answer:
4.
A. Alkali
B. Alkaline
C. Transition
5. True (it is extremely powerful especially when reacting with water)
Explanation:
Hey guys so my cuz gave me this stone when he went to mexico
can u plz tell me what kind of stone this is?
Answer:
pretty sure that's an old jolly rancher
PLEASE HELP ME ASAPPPPPPPP!!!!!!
Answer:
I think C But I can't really see it well
If you wanted to completely react 150 grams of FeBry, how many moles of sulfuric acid (H,SO) will you need to use?
Answer:
Sulfuric acid, spent appears as a black oily liquid. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Density 15 lb /gal.
Explanation:
How are stoichiometric calculations performed for redox reactions?
Answer:
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
Explanation:
According to the law of conservation of mass, matter can neither be created nor be destroyed. However, it can be transformed from one form into another. During chemical reactions, atoms or ions are exchanged between reactants to form products. Thus, all the stoichiometric calculations are based on law of conservation of mass.
During redox reactions, one species is oxidized and other species is reduced. This involves electron transfer.
If the statement is true, write true. If the statement is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true.
3. ________________ If you increase the force on an object, its acceleration increases.
4. ________________ If you increase the mass of an object, its acceleration decreases.
5. ________________ To accelerate a 3 kg skateboard at 9 m/s 2 , a force of 3 newtons is needed.
6. ________________ The amount of inertia an object has depends on its speed.
Answer:
3 - True
4 - True
5 - False
6 - False
how many moles of ammonia could be obtained from a maximum of 5.0 moles of nitrogen?
Answer:
is a 4.095 nitrogen of ammonia
Under which condition will the atmospheric pressure be greater. When the air is cold, or when the air is warm
The equation shows reactants to a neutralization reaction.
ca2 + oh– arrow h+ no-
which describes what will happen to the h when these reactants form products?
a. h binds with no to make a salt.
b. h binds with ca2 to make an acid.
c. h binds with oh– to make water.
d. h binds with ca2 to make a base.
The equation shows reactants to a neutralization reaction.
Ca²⁺ + OH⁻ → H⁺ + NO⁻. Here H binds with OH⁻ to make water. So the option c is correct.
As the answer to the question is cleared from these reactions. Firstly calcium hydroxide combines with nitric acid to form the products as follows;
Ca(OH)₂ + 2HNO₃ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O
Now the reaction between ionic species will be as follows
Ca²⁺ + 2OH⁻ + 2H⁺ + 2NO₃⁻ → Ca²⁺ + 2NO₃⁻ + 2H₂O
Hence OH⁻ combines with H⁺ to make H₂O(water)
OH⁻ + H⁺ → H₂O
H⁺ binds with OH⁻ to make water
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Use formal charge to choose the best Lewis structure for CH3SO2CH3. H :0: H A) H-C-$-C-H H:0: H : B) H-Ç=ş-C-H H:0: H 11 H: H C) H-C-S-C-H H:0 H H 6: H D) H-C=$=C-H H:0: H III
The lewis structure of the given compound methyl thiosulphonate represents the bonded pairs and the lone pair of electron in the oxygen atom as well in the image.
What is methyl thiosulphonate?Methyl thiosulphonate is a common solvent used in synthetic reactions. It is an aprotic solvent and is polar in nature. The compound contains an SO₂ group where the formal charge of both oxygen and sulphur is zero.
The Lewis dot structure helps to identify the bonded pair of electrons, lone pairs and non-bonded pairs of electrons on each bonded atoms in a compound.
Each oxygen atoms in the given compound is double bonded to the sulphur through covalent bonding and which have two pairs of non-bonded electrons. Both oxygen and sulphur contains 6 valence electrons and the hydrogens are sigma bonded to carbon atoms.
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Colour of crushed chalk + Iodine solution
How many molecules are there in 6.73 moles of phosphorus trichloride? (write your answer in scientific notation).
Answer: There are [tex]4.05\times 10^{24}[/tex] molecules in 6.73 moles of phosphorus trichloride
Explanation:
According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 L at STP and contains avogadro's number [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] of particles.
1 mole of [tex]PCl_3[/tex] contains = [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] molecules
Thus 6.73 moles of [tex]PCl_3[/tex] contains = [tex]\frac{6.023\times 10^{23}}{1}\times 6.73=4.05\times 10^{24}[/tex] molecules
Thus there are [tex]4.05\times 10^{24}[/tex] molecules in 6.73 moles of phosphorus trichloride
What would happen if you were missing NADH from glycolysis?
If NADH from glycolysis is missing then, glycolysis will not be able to continue.
As they return to glycolysis or the citric acid cycle, these low-energy molecules pick up more high-energy electrons that allow the process to proceed. If NAD+ is not present to pick up electrons as the reactions progress, neither glycolysis nor the citric acid cycle can occur.
The method by which glucose is metabolized to produce energy is known as glycolysis. It generates water, ATP, NADH, and two pyruvate molecules. There is no need for oxygen for the process, which occurs in a cell's cytoplasm.
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What is the issue of storing foods in containers that are metallic?
If the container is composed of a low-grade metal, the metal's poisons may seep into the food that is kept in it. This is why stainless steel is frequently advised because it is the least reactive and typically regarded as safe for food storage.
Why is food storage so essential?
By preventing deterioration, proper food storage not only helps you get the most out of your food budget but also preserves the nutritional worth and quality of the goods you buy. Additionally, safe food storage can aid in preventing hazardous bacteria-caused foodborne illnesses.
If the container is composed of a low-grade metal, the metal's poisons may seep into the food that is kept in it. This is why stainless steel is frequently advised because it is the least reactive and typically regarded as safe for food storage.
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What is the Lewis structure for H2CS, with the central atom of C. Is the molecular polar or nonpolar? Identify the intermolecular forces present?
We know that carbon contains 4 valence electrons, all of which are unpaired in the excited state, making carbon the central atom. One electron is unpaired in hydrogen. As a result, there will be a link between these two electrons and these two electrons. In its outermost cell, sulpur possesses 6 valence electrons, of which 2 are unpaired. Consequently, sharing between these two and these two will occur. Every atom's octet, which consists of the elements hydrogen, carbon, and sulpur, is complete. As a result, the ultimate structure we get is a single bond with a double bond. The shape of this molecule is trigonal planar, and the carbon atom is sp2 hybridized. In the case of this connection, the dipole moment will point toward carbon. Additionally, in the case of a c double bond, this will be in the direction of carbon and the net will be upwards since the initial dipole and the end dipole will both point upward. As a result, we may infer that this molecule is polar in nature since it possesses a net dipole moment. It is now aware of the forces at work, which are intermolecular forces. Dipole forces will be at work, causing reactions between dipoles.
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How many bonds does chlorine like to form?
Answer: In these compounds carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and chlorine atoms have four, three, two, and one bonds, respectively. The hydrogen atom and the halogen atoms form only one covalent bond to other atoms in most stable neutral compounds.
Explanation:
Which solution is more concentrated?
0.5 M NaCl
0.005 M NaCl
0.05 M Nacl
5.0 M NaCl
Answer: 5.0 M NaCl
Explanation:
A concentrated solution is one which has more amount of solute in it.
A dilute solution is one which has less amount of solute in it.
Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute present per liter of the solution.
0.5 M NaCl will have 0.5 moles of NaCl in 1 L of the solution, 0.005 M NaCl has 0.005 moles of NaCl in 1 L of the solution, 0.05 M NaCl has 0.05 moles of NaCl in 1 L and 5.0 M NaCl has 5 moles of NaCl in 1 L.
Thus 5.0 M NaCl will be most concentrated.