Consider points A(1, 6) and B(8, 8). Find point C on the x-axis so AC +BC is a minimum.

The point that minimizes AC +BC is C (_ , _)

Answer:

The coordinates of the point C that minimizes AC + BC are (-20, 0) or (4, 0)

Step-by-step explanation:

The given coordinates of the points A and B are A(1, 6) and B(8, 8)

The location of the point C = The x-axis

Therefore;

The coordinates of the point C = (x, 0)

The length of the segment AC = √((1 - x)² + (6 - 0)²) = √((1 - x)² + 6²)

The length of the segment BC = √((8 - x)² + (8 - 0)²) = √((8 - x)² + 8²)

At minimum distance of AC + BC, we have;

d(√((1 - x)² + 6²) +√((8 - x)² + 8²))/dx = 0 = (1 - x) × 2 × (0.5 - 1)× (√((1 - x)² + 6²)^(0.5 - 1) + (8 - x) × 2 × (0.5 - 1)× √((8 - x)² + 8²)^(0.5 - 1)

∴ d(√((1 - x)² + 6²) +√((8 - x)² + 8²))/dx = 0 = -(1 - x)/√((1 - x)² + 6²) - (8 - x)/√((8 - x)² + 8²)

-(1 - x)/√((1 - x)² + 6²) = (8 - x)/√((8 - x)² + 8²)

(8 - x)·√((1 - x)² + 6²) = -(1 - x)·√((8 - x)² + 8²)

Squaring both sides gives;

(8 - x)²·((1 - x)² + 6²) = (1 - x)²·((8 - x)² + 8²)

Expanding, using an online tool, we get;

x⁴ - 18·x³ + 133·x² -720·x + 2368 = x⁴ - 18·x³ + 161·x² - 272·x + 128

Which gives;

(161 - 133)·x² - (272 - 720)·x + 128 - 2368 = 28·x² + 448·x - 2240 = 0

Dividing by 28 gives;

x² + 16·x - 80 = 0

(x + 20)·(x - 4) = 0

Therefore, x = -20 or x = 4

The coordinates of the point C that minimizes AC + BC are (-20, 0) or (4, 0)

The coordinates of a point is the position of the point, on the coordinate plane.

The point C that minimizes AC + BC are (-20, 0) and (4, 0)

The given parameters are:

[tex]\mathbf{A = (1,6)}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{B = (8,8)}[/tex]

From the question, we understand that point C is on the x-axis.

This means that:

[tex]\mathbf{C = (x,0)}[/tex]

Calculate segments AC and BC using the following distance formula

[tex]\mathbf{d = \sqrt{(x_1 - x_2)^2 + (y_1 - y_2)^2}}[/tex]

So, we have:

[tex]\mathbf{AC = \sqrt{(1 - x)^2 + (6 - 0)^2}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{AC = \sqrt{(1 - x)^2 + 6^2}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{BC = \sqrt{(8 - x)^2 + (8 -0)^2}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{BC = \sqrt{(8 - x)^2 + 8 ^2}}[/tex]

Add both distance

[tex]\mathbf{AB + BC = \sqrt{(1 - x)^2 + 6^2} + \sqrt{(8 - x)^2 + 8^2}}[/tex]

Differentiate, to calculate the minimum distance

[tex]\mathbf{d' = (1 - x) \times 2 \times (0.5 - 1) \times ((1 - x)^2 + 6^2)^({0.5 - 1}) + (8 - x) \times 2 \times (0.5 - 1) \times ((8 - x)^2} + 8^2))}^{(0.5 - 1)} }[/tex]

Simplify

[tex]\mathbf{d' = -\frac{1 - x}{\sqrt{(1 - x)^2 + 6^2}}- \frac{8 - x}{\sqrt{(8 - x)^2 + 8^2}}}[/tex]

Set to 0

[tex]\mathbf{ -\frac{1 - x}{\sqrt{(1 - x)^2 + 6^2}} - \frac{8 - x}{\sqrt{(8 - x)^2 + 8^2}} = 0}[/tex]

Rewrite as:

[tex]\mathbf{ -\frac{1 - x}{\sqrt{(1 - x)^2 + 6^2}} = \frac{8 - x}{\sqrt{(8 - x)^2 + 8^2}} }[/tex]

Cross multiply

[tex]\mathbf{(8 - x) \times\sqrt{(1 - x)\² + 6\²} = -(1 - x) \times\sqrt{(8 - x)\² + 8\²}}[/tex]

Square both sides

[tex]\mathbf{(8 - x)^2 \times (1 - x)\² + 6\² = (-(1 - x))^2 \times (8 - x)\² + 8\²}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{(8 - x)^2 \times (1 - x)\² + 6\² = (1 - x)^2 \times (8 - x)\² + 8\²}[/tex]

Expand

[tex]\mathbf{x^4 - 18x^3 + 133x^2 -720x + 2368 = x^4 - 18x^3 + 161x^2 - 272x + 128}[/tex]

Evaluate like terms

[tex]\mathbf{133x^2 -720x + 2368 = 161x^2 - 272x + 128}[/tex]

Collect like terms

[tex]\mahbf{161x^2 - 133x^2 - 272x + 720x + 128 - 2368 = 0}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{28x^2 + 448x - 2240 = 0}[/tex]

Factor out 28

[tex]\mathbf{28(x^2 + 16x - 80) = 0}[/tex]

Divide through by 28

[tex]\mathbf{x^2 + 16x - 80 = 0}[/tex]

Expand

[tex]\mathbf{x^2 + 20x - 4x - 80 = 0}[/tex]

Factorize

[tex]\mathbf{x(x + 20) + 4(x + 20) = 0}[/tex]

Factor out x + 20

[tex]\mathbf{(x + 20)(x - 4) = 0}[/tex]

Solve for x

[tex]\mathbf{x =- 20\ or\ x = 4}[/tex]

Hence, the point C that minimizes AC + BC are (-20, 0) and (4, 0)

Read more about coordinate points a:

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