consider a sample of 1.0 mole of cl2 molecules and 1.0 mole of ca atoms. identify if each statement is true or false. both samples contain the same number of atoms both samples have the same mass in grams both samples contain 6.022 x 1023 atoms both samples contain 6.022 x 1023 particles (molecules or atoms) the sample of 1.0 mole of cl2 weighs more than the sample of 1.0 mole of ca true

Specific heat is used to explain why different substances changes the temperature at different rate.

Temperature is a physical quantity which is expressed as quantitatively the perceptions of the coldness and hotness. Temperature is measured with a thermometer.

It is defined as the amount of heat which is used to require to increase the temperature by 1°C.

The SI unit thorough which it is measured is J/ g/ °C.

Let's take an example of specific heat of water which is 4.184J/ g/ °C.

Therefore, specific heat is used to explain why different substances changes the temperature at different rate.

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The melting point of ice of common salt that is compound of NaCl is -2°C due to freezing point depression.

Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.

Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:

1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.

2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.

3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds

4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.

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Answer: To determine how many grams of hydrazine are needed to produce 96.0 grams of water, we can use the mole ratio between hydrazine and water in the chemical equation.

First, we need to convert the number of grams of water to moles. We can do this using the molar mass of water, which is 18.0 grams/mole:

96.0 g H2O / 18.0 g/mol = 5.33 moles H2O

Next, we can use the mole ratio between hydrazine and water in the chemical equation to determine the number of moles of hydrazine that would be needed to produce 5.33 moles of water:

1 mole N2H4 / 2 moles H2O = 0.5 mole N2H4

Finally, we can use the molar mass of hydrazine (32.0 grams/mole) to convert the number of moles of hydrazine to grams:

0.5 mole N2H4 * 32.0 g/mol = 16.0 grams N2H4

Therefore, 16.0 grams of hydrazine are needed to produce 96.0 grams of water.

Answer:

Tin and carbon are both in the same family on the periodic table because they have similar atomic structures. Both are in group 14 of the periodic table, which means they have four valence electrons in their outermost energy level. However, they are classified as different types of elements because of their different properties.

Tin is a metal because it is a good conductor of heat and electricity, has a shiny, metallic appearance, and is malleable and ductile, meaning it can be easily shaped and molded. Carbon, on the other hand, is a nonmetal because it is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, is not shiny, and is not malleable or ductile.

One of the main factors that determine whether an element is a metal or a nonmetal is its ability to conduct heat and electricity. Metals are generally good conductors, while nonmetals are generally poor conductors. The position of an element on the periodic table can give some indication of its conductive properties, but it is not the only factor.

Heat change, ΔH, required to change 52.2 grams of liquid water into steam from room temperature (25 Celsius) to 115 Celsius is 135915.228 J.

The heat change required to change 52.2 grams of liquid water into steam from room temperature (25 Celsius) to 115 Celsius is determined as follows:

Heat change required, ΔH = ΔH₁ + ΔH₂ + ΔH₃

ΔH₁ is heat required to change liquid water at 25°C to water at 100°C

ΔH₁ = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change

specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 J/g/K

ΔH₁ = 52.2 * 4.184 * (100 - 25)

ΔH₁ = 16380.36 J

ΔH₂ is the heat required to convert water at 100°C to steam at 100°C

ΔH₂ = mass * latent heat of vaporization of water

latent heat of vaporization of water = 2260 J/g

ΔH₂ = 52.2 * 2260

ΔH₂ = 117972 J

ΔH₃ is the heat required to change steam at 100°C to water at 115°C

ΔH₁ = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change

specific heat capacity of steam = 1.996 J/g/K

ΔH₁ = 52.2 * 1.996 * (115 - 100)

ΔH₁ = 1562.868 J

Heat change required, ΔH = 16380.36 J + 117972 J + 1562.868 J

Heat change required, ΔH = 135915.228 J

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The U.S. Constitution is referred to as a living document that adapts to the times or present situations.

This is referred to as the basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or social group that determine the powers and duties of the government thereby preventing anarchy due to varying degrees of lawlessness.

The U.S. Constitution is also referred to as a living document because it adapts to the times due to the different amendments which are made to it as time goes on by officials such as lawmakers and is therefore the treason why it was chosen as the correct choice.

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The yearly dose is0.03143 Gy

Given that:

Mass of the human body = 70 kg

Mass of potassium in the human body = 140 g

chemical atomic mass of potassium = 39.1

From Avogadro's number, we know that 1 atomic mass of an element contains 6.023 × 10^(23) atoms

Thus,

140g of potassium will contain;

(140 × 6.023 × 10^(23))/(39.1) = 2.1566 × 10^(24) atoms

We are told that the natural abundance of one of the 40K isotopes is 0.012%.

Thus;

Number of atoms of this isotope = 0.012% × 6.023 × 10^(23) = 7.2276 × 10^(19) K-40 atoms

Formula for activity of K-40 is given as;

Activity = (0.693 × number of K-40 atoms)/half life

Activity = (0.693 × 7.2276 × 10^(19))/1300000000

Activity = 3.85 × 10^(10)

We are told that each decay deposits 1.0 MeV of energy into the body.

Thus;

Total energy absorbed by the body in a year = 3.85 × 10^(10) × 1 × 365 = 1405.25 × 10^(10) MeV

Now, 1 MeV = 1.602 × 10^(-13) joules

Thus;

Total energy absorbed by the body in a year = 1405.25 × 10^(10) × 1.602 × 10^(-13) = 2.25 J

1 Gy = 1 J/kg

Thus;

Yearly dose = 2.25/70 = 0.03143 Gy

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The equation of the form of isotope is M(n) = (1 - 15%)ⁿ M grams. Where M is the initial mass of an isotope.

If the initial mass of an isotope is M grams and every second it loses 15%, it means the remaining of an isotope

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The order according to their respective osmotic pressures is C₆H₁₂O₆ < NaCl ≈ CH₃OH < MgCl₂.

What is osmotic pressure?

The pressure difference required to stop solvent from flowing through a semipermeable membrane is known as the osmotic pressure of a solution. The relationship between a solution's osmotic pressure and molar concentration of its solute particles

The formula for osmotic pressure (Π) is

Π = icRT

If T is constant,

Π = kic

C₆H₁₂O₆:

Π = k × 1 × 1 = k

MgCl₂:

Π = k × 3 × 1 = 3k

CH₃OH:

Π = k × 1 × 2 = 2k

NaCl:

Π = k  × 2 × 1 = 2k

Hence, The order of osmotic pressures is   C₆H₁₂O₆ < NaCl ≈ CH₃OH < MgCl₂

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Answer:

[tex] \huge{ \boxed{219.13 \: g}}[/tex]

Explanation:

To find the mass of the substance given it's density and volume, we use the formula;

[tex] \bold{density( \rho) = \frac{mass}{volume} \\ } [/tex]

Since the mass is the unknown variable in the question, we make mass the subject and solve for it.

mass = density × volume

From the question

[tex]mass = 0.8765 \times 250 = 219.125[/tex]

We have the final answer as

Large and complex molecules like DNA and protein were not present, but Miller-Urey experiment showed that some of the building blocks for these molecules could be formed from simple compounds.

Stanley Miller and Harold Urey did an experiment to test Oparin and Haldane’s ideas and they found that organic molecules could be produced under reducing conditions thought to resemble that of early Earth.

Miller and Urey built a system having a heated pool of water and a mixture of gases that were abundant in the atmosphere of early earth. To simulate the lightning that might have provided energy for chemical reactions in  early atmosphere of Earth, Miller and Urey sent sparks of electricity through their experiment. After letting this experiment run for a week, Miller and Urey found that different types of amino acids, sugars, lipids and other organic molecules had formed.

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NiCl₃ is the formula of the ionic compound nickel(III) chloride

We know the valency of the Nickel (Ni) is +3 and the valency of Chlorine (Cl) is -1. Now for being a compound it needs to be neutral.

So, we have to take 3 molecules of Chlorine to neutralise the charge of one molecule of Nickel, which means the formula will be NiCl₃.

So, the equation of formation will be [tex]Ni+3Cl \rightarrow NiCl_3[/tex]

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Answer: A person pushing a barrel is an example of applied force.

Explanation:

Silver is known in the chemistry world as a noble metal which means it is resistant to corrosion, but not completely.

I hope my answer helped you! If you need more information or help, comment down below and I will be sure to respond if I am online. Have a wonderful rest of your day!

Steel is coated with zinc to prevent corrosion in two different ways: By creating a barrier, they stop oxygen and moisture from getting to the steel surface. Cathodic protection is provided at scratches.

Zinc is chemically active and rapidly alloys with other metals. When exposed to air, it forms a thin layer of gray oxide (patina), which prevents the metal from corroding further due to deeper oxidation. Corrosion resistance is a crucial quality for the usage of the metal.

Zinc is used to prevent corrosion because it is more reactive than iron and when oxygen in the air interacts with the surface of zinc, a highly dense and impenetrable layer of zinc oxide forms. This physical barrier shields the zinc from corrosion.

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The missing component is Cl₂.

The missing component is CO₂ + 2H₂O.

1. The following can be used to present the reaction:

? + 2NaBr → 2NaCl + Br₂

Both 2 Na and 2 Br are present on the reactant side, whereas 2 Na, 2 Br, and 2 Cl are present on the product side.

So the missing component is Cl₂.

2. The following is a presentation of the possible reaction;

CH₄ + 2O₂ → ?

The elements in the reactant side of the reaction are 1 Carbon, 4 hydrogen and 4 oxygen.

The elements in the product side are missing.

Therefore;

The the missing elements in the product are, 1 Carbon, 4 hydrogen and 4 oxygen. which gives;

The missing component = CO₂ + 2H₂O.

So, the missing components for reaction 1 is Cl₂ and for reaction 2 is CO₂ + 2H₂O.

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The empirical formula of nitrogen chloride is NCl₃ (NCl3)

m of nitrogen = 0.77mg

m of nitrogen chloride = 6.61mg

so the m of chlorine will be

m of chlorine = m of nitrogen chloride - m of nitrogen

m of chlorine = 6.61 - 0.77

                       =5.84mg

so the number of moles can be found as

n = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]

number of moles of chlorine can be found as follows;

n = 5.84× 10⁻³ / 35.45 [tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]

n = 1.65 × 10⁻⁴

number of moles of nitrogen can be found as;

n = 0.77 × 10⁻³ / 14.01  [tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]

n = 5.5 × 10⁻⁵ mol

Empirical formula can be found as;

moles of Cl : moles of N

1.65 × 10⁻⁴ : 5.5 × 10⁻⁵

Now divide the ratio with the smallest number which is 5.5 × 10⁻⁵ and we get the following ratios.

3  mol of Cl :1 mol of N

3 : 1

So the empirical formula of nitrogen chloride will e NCl3

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Calcium carbonate, which is then deposited on the seafloor, is left behind as ocean water evaporates, forming limestone. Sedimentary rock is the kind of rock that can be created in this manner.

Inorganic sedimentary rocks formed from the land have a fragmented or clastic structure. Rocks with an inorganic composition that are sedimentary are formed on land.

Conglomerate, brescia, and sandstone are a few types of inorganic sedimentary rocks that are formed from the land.

The primary source of the substance lime is limestone, a form of carbonate sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The minerals calcite and aragonite, which are various crystal forms of CaCO3, make up the majority of its material. When these minerals separate from water that has dissolved calcium, limestone is created.

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Answer: Erwin Schrödinger showed that the quantization of the hydrogen atom's energy levels that appeared in Niels Bohr's atomic model could be calculated from the Schrödinger equation,

Explanation:

Only one solute particles are present in an aqueous solution of CH₃COCH₃.

What is electrolytes?

When dissolved in water, electrolytes are materials that have a natural electrical charge that is either positive or negative. In addition to other things, they support your body's ability to control chemical processes and keep the fluid levels inside and outside of your cells in equilibrium.

Electrolytes include substances like sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and phosphate.

The electrolyte category also includes water, which puts it in the same group as necessary minerals.

Therefore, Only one solute particles are present in an aqueous solution of CH₃COCH₃.

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6.973x 10^-2 M is the concentration of sulfuric acid.A chemical reaction known as neutralization occurs when an acid and a base quantitatively react with one another.

The pH of the neutralized solution is determined by the acidity of the reactant. In a neutralization process, an acid and a base combine to create salt and water.

The response to this issue is as follows:

H2SO4 + 2 NaOH = Na2SO4 + 2 H2O

To ascertain the molar ratio of the reactants, we require this reaction. The ratio is thus 1 mol H2SO4 to 2 mol NaOH.

This is the following method of calculation:

0.03442x 0.103x 1mol H2SO4/2molNaOHX1/0.0025=6.973X10^-2

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There are no components in the list which are neither cofactors, or coenzymes.

The components as cofactors are  Ca2+, Urease,  CoQ, ascorbic acid, and Inorganic ion.  A cofactor is a non-protein matter or bimetallic particle that's needed for an enzyme's role as a catalyst. Cofactors may be thought-about "helper molecules" that assist in biochemical transformations.

The component as coenzymes is  NADP. Coenzymes ar organic compounds needed by several enzymes for chemical change activity. they're typically vitamins, or derivatives of vitamins. typically they'll act as catalysts within the absence of enzymes, however not thus effectively as in conjunction with an enzyme.

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The total molar concentration of all ions in 0.0100 M solutions:

a. 0.0100 M KCl = 0.0200 M ions

b. 0.0100 M [tex]CuSO_{4}[/tex] = 0.0200 M ions

c. 0.0100 M  [tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex]  = 0.0300 ions

When [tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] аnd KCl аre dissolved in the sаme solution, the [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex] ions аre common to both sаlts. In а system contаining [tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] аnd KCl, the [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex] ions аre common ions.

Now, the total molar concentration is

KCl = 0.0100 + 0.0100

KCl = 0.0200 M ions

[tex]CuSO_{4}[/tex] = 0.0100 + 0.0100

[tex]CuSO_{4}[/tex] = 0.0200 M ions

[tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] = 0.0100 + 2 (0.01.00)

[tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] = 0.0300 M ions

Your question is incomplete, but your full question can see in the attachment.

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Thus, the obtained mass percent is 6.85%.

Given information: Ethylene glycol's mass is 3.2 g.

Water has a mass of 43.5 g.

Mass of solution equals mass of solute plus mass of solvent, which is equal to 3.2 + 43.5 = 46.7 g.

Ethylene glycol is a helpful industrial substance that can be found in a variety of consumer goods. Antifreeze, some stamp pad inks, ballpoint pens, solvents, paints, plastics, films, and cosmetics are a few examples. It may also serve as a delivery system..

If swallowed, it is poisonous. Ethylene glycol can be unintentionally ingested, consumed on purpose during a attempt, or used as an alcohol replacement (ethanol). The majority of ethylene glycol poisonings are brought on by antifreeze consumption.

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Based on the thermodynamic properties provided for water, the energy change when the temperature of 0.650 kg of water decreased from 101 °c to 51.0 °c is 1,609.66 kJ

What are thermodynamic properties of water?

Thermal characteristics of water include its density, freezing point, boiling point, latent heat of evaporation, melting point, and critical temperature, among others.

Here we calculate the boiling point of water is 100°C. So at 101°C, the water is steam. The specific heat first from 101 to 100 calculated as

E = mCΔT, where c for steam is 1.996 kJ/kg·°C

E₁ = (0.65 kg)(1.996 kJ/kg·°C)(101 - 100°C) = 1.2974 kJ

The latent heat when steam turns to liquid. The heat of vaporization of water is 2260 kJ/kg.

E₂ = mHvap = (0.65 kg)(2260 kJ/kg) = 1469 kJ

Thus solving  the energy to bring down the temperature to 51°C. The specific heat of liquid water is 4.187 kJ/kg·°C.

E₃ = (0.65 kg)(4.187 kJ/kg·°C)(100 - 51°C) = 139.36 kJ

Total energy = 1.2974 kJ+1469 kJ+139.36 kJ = 1,609.66 kJ

Therefore , the energy change when the temperature of 0.650 kg of water decreased from 101 °c to 51.0 °c is 1,609.66 kJ

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In this scenario, the independent variable is the method of plowing the fields. This is the variable that the farmer is intentionally changing between the two fields, while all other variables are being held constant.

The independent variable is the factor that the researcher or experimenter manipulates in order to study its effect on the dependent variable. In this case, the dependent variable would be the outcome of the experiment, such as the yield of the crops or the health of the plants. By changing only one variable (the method of plowing) and keeping all other variables the same, the farmer can more accurately determine the effect of the plowing on the dependent variable.

The total heat (in kj) need to convert 12.00 g of ice at -5.00 °C to liquid water at 0.500 °C is 4.16 kJ.

1) The ice from -5.00 °C to 0 ° C

the heat capacity is given as :

q1 = mc ΔT

q1 = 12 × 2.09 × ( 0 - (-5))

q1 = 125.4 J

2) the ice at 0 ° C to water at 0 ° C

q2 =  n  ΔHfussion

q2 = (12 g / 18 g / mol) × 6.02 kJ/mol

q2 = 4003.3 J

3) liquid from 0 °C TO 0.5 °C

q3 = mc ΔT

q3 = 12 × 4.21 ( 5 - 0)

q3 = 25.26 J

the total heat is given as = q1 + q2 + q3

                                          = 125.5 + 4003.3 + 25.26

                                           = 4160 J = 4.16 kJ

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Answer:

29.22 g NaCl

Explanation:

0.5 mol NaCl x (58.44 g NaCl / 1 mol NaCl)

= 29.22 g NaCl