The smallest size conductor permitted for branch circuits, feeders, and services for residential, commercial, and industrial locations is 14 AWG.
The smallest size conductor permitted for branch circuits, feeders, and services for residential, commercial, and industrial locations is #14 AWG (American Wire Gauge) for copper and #12 AWG for aluminum or copper-clad aluminum. However, there are some exceptions to this rule, such as certain motor circuits and special applications, which may require larger conductor sizes.
AWG stands for American Wire Gauge, which is a standardized system used for measuring the diameter of electrically conducting wire. It is commonly used in North America for both copper and aluminum wire, and it assigns a specific numerical value to each wire size, ranging from 0000 (largest) to 40 (smallest). As the AWG number increases, the diameter of the wire decreases. The AWG system is used to ensure consistency in wire sizing across different manufacturers and applications.
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Terminal Rating(110-14(C)(1): What size THHN conductor is required for an air-conditioning unit if the nameplate requires a conductor ampacity of 34 ampere? Terminals of all the equipment and circuit breakers are rated 75 degrees C.
To determine the required THHN conductor size for an air-conditioning unit with a conductor ampacity of 34 amperes and terminals rated at 75 degrees Celsius,
Please follow these steps:
1. Refer to the National Electrical Code (NEC) table 310.15(B)(16) for allowable ampacities of insulated conductors rated up to and including 2000 Volts.
2. Locate the column for the 75-degree Celsius terminal rating, as specified by your equipment and circuit breakers.
3. Find the conductor size that has an ampacity equal to or greater than 34 amperes in the 75-degree Celsius column.
Following these steps, you will find that the appropriate THHN conductor size for your air-conditioning unit is 8 AWG, as it has an allowable ampacity of 50 amperes in the 75-degree Celsius column, which is sufficient for the required 34 amperes.
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Conduction
when the particles near the heat source, heat up they get more ------?
can someone please help with this?
Answer:
particles will gain more energy
Explanation:
Hope this helps! =D
What characteristics should a good sample for melting point determination have?
A good sample for melting point determination should have the following characteristics: purity, uniformity, and appropriate size. These characteristics ensure accurate and consistent results in the melting point determination process.
A good sample for melting point determination should have several important characteristics. Firstly, it should be pure, as any impurities can significantly alter the melting point. Secondly, it should be representative of the substance being tested, meaning that it should be a good representation of the entire batch or sample. Thirdly, it should be of sufficient quantity to ensure accurate results and should also be in a form that is easy to handle and manipulate during testing.
Finally, it should be well-prepared and free from any external factors that may influence the melting points determination, such as moisture or contamination.
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your success as a businessperson is connected closely to your ability to convince others to
Your success as a businessperson is indeed closely connected to your ability to convince others.
In any business, success often depends on the ability to persuade others , whether it's convincing investors to invest in your company, convincing customers to buy your products or services, or convincing employees to work towards a common goal.
Effective persuasion requires a combination of strong communication skills, the ability to understand and address the needs and concerns of your audience, and the ability to build trust and credibility.
Some specific techniques for effective persuasion include:
1) Tailoring your message to your audience: To be effective, your message needs to resonate with your audience.
This means taking the time to understand their needs, interests, and concerns, and tailoring your message accordingly.
2) Providing evidence and examples: People are often more convinced by evidence and examples than by abstract arguments. By providing concrete evidence and examples to support your message, you can make it more compelling and convincing.
3) Building trust and credibility: People are more likely to be convinced by someone they trust and respect.
Building trust and credibility can involve being transparent and honest, demonstrating expertise and knowledge, and being consistent and reliable.
4) Using storytelling: Stories can be a powerful way to persuade people, as they can help to create an emotional connection and engage people's imaginations.
By telling stories that illustrate your message, you can make it more memorable and persuasive.
Overall, the ability to persuade others is a critical skill for success in business, and mastering the art of persuasion can help you to achieve your goals and build strong relationships with customers, investors, and employees.
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would the direction of electrons be counter clockwise or clockwise if the electrons was parallel or antiparallel to the magnetic field
If electrons are moving in a magnetic field, their direction depends on the orientation of the magnetic field and the charge of the electron. The direction can be determined using the right-hand rule. For electrons, which have a negative charge, you should use the left-hand rule instead.
If the electrons are moving parallel to the magnetic field, there will be no force exerted on them, since the angle between their velocity vector and the magnetic field vector is zero. Therefore, the direction of the electrons will not be affected by the magnetic field.
If the electrons are moving antiparallel to the magnetic field, the force exerted on them will be in the opposite direction to the force exerted on electrons moving parallel to the magnetic field. Therefore, the direction of the electrons will be affected by the magnetic field, and will be opposite to the direction predicted by the right-hand rule.
If the magnetic field is oriented perpendicular to the direction of the current flow, the force exerted on the electrons will be perpendicular to both the current flow and the magnetic field. In this case, the direction of the force and the resulting electron flow can be determined using the right-hand rule.
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If the electrons are moving parallel to the magnetic field, then they will not experience any force due to the magnetic field.
This is because the magnetic field only exerts a force on moving charged particles that are perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field lines.
If the electrons are moving perpendicular to the magnetic field, then they will experience a force due to the interaction between their electric charge and the magnetic field. This force is known as the Lorentz force and is given by the equation:
F = q(v x B)
where F is the force, q is the electric charge of the particle, v is the velocity of the particle, and B is the magnetic field vector.
In this case, the electrons will move in a circular path around the magnetic field lines, with the direction of the circular motion depending on the direction of the magnetic field and the charge of the electron.
To determine the direction of the circular motion, we use the right-hand rule.
The right-hand rule states that if you point your right thumb in the direction of the velocity vector (v) and your fingers in the direction of the magnetic field vector (B), then your palm will face in the direction of the force vector (F).
So, if the magnetic field is pointing upwards and the electrons are moving towards you, then the direction of the circular motion would be clockwise.
If the electrons are moving away from you, the direction of the circular motion would be counterclockwise.
If the magnetic field is pointing downwards, the direction of the circular motion would be reversed.
In summary, if the electrons are moving parallel to the magnetic field, they will not experience any force due to the magnetic field.
if they are moving perpendicular to the magnetic field, they will move in a circular path around the magnetic field lines, with the direction of the circular motion depending on the direction of the magnetic field and the charge of the electron.
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Question 4 (1 point)
Which of the following adjusts the transparency or translucence of a shape or a layer?
Texture
Both the Opacity and Fill options control a layer's transparency. That is, they control how much the currently selected layer allows other layers below it in the document to show through.
What is Opacity?In most digital design or image editing applications, the Opacity tool can be used to change the transparency or translucency of a form or layer.
Opacity regulates how transparent or opaque an object or layer is. The object or layer becomes more opaque and less transparent with a higher opacity value, whereas the opposite is true with a lower opacity setting.
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For capacitors in series that have different capacitances, which one (if any) has the greatest potential difference across it?
When capacitors are connected in series, the potential difference across each capacitor is different. The capacitor with the smallest capacitance will have the greatest potential difference across it.
This is because the total charge on each capacitor is the same, but the smaller capacitor will store less charge and thus experience a larger voltage drop. In other words, the voltage drop across each capacitor is proportional to its capacitance, and the capacitor with the smallest capacitance will experience the greatest voltage drop. So, the answer to your question is that the capacitor with the smallest capacitance has the greatest potential difference across it.
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a sound source departs from a stationary observer. the frequency heard by the observer is group of answer choices higher than the source. lower than the source. equal to zero the same as that of the source.
The frequency heard by the observer is lower than the source.
When a sound source departs from a stationary observer, the sound waves are stretched out or compressed depending on the relative motion of the observer and the source. This effect is known as the Doppler effect.
If the sound source is moving away from the observer, the distance between successive wave crests (or troughs) is increased, resulting in a longer wavelength. Since the speed of sound in air is constant, the frequency of the sound wave must decrease to compensate for the longer wavelength. This means that the frequency heard by the observer will be lower than the source.
In conclusion, if a sound source departs from a stationary observer, the frequency heard by the observer will be lower than the source due to the Doppler effect.
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why do you think your "air-hole" is the same as your "food-hole"?
That hole provides three main roles: 1 for living two for speaking, and a third for swallowing. It fulfils three roles. When he swallows, his lip closes the hole of the palate in the rear his his mouth, settling the fleshly valves in the top part of the throat.
Is there a breath opening or a food hole?The throat serves as where those pathways of air and nutrients meet. When one breathes in through the nose or word, the air that comes in always goes through the pharynx. As you might expect, swallowing is a vital element of survival; it allows us to eat and drink.
Do air and meals go through a comparable hole?Our breathing tube, our windpipe or the trachea is not separate from what we use to swallow, the stomach. Air, food, and fluids all travel together down the throat till the windpipe splits apart, exactly around the apple of Adam. Normally, the epiglottis prevents food and water from passing down the windpipe.
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(240)(240-6(A)) Standard sized circuit breakers and fuses include 25, 90, and 350 ampere.(True/False)
The statement, "Standard sized circuit breakers and fuses include 25, 90, and 350 ampere" is true
Tell the statement is true or not that Standard sized circuit breakers and fuses include 25, 90, and 350 ampere ?The statement, "Standard sized circuit breakers and fuses include 25, 90, and 350 ampere" is true. Standard breakers come in various sizes to protect electrical circuits from damage due to excessive current. Common sizes include 25, 90, and 350 ampere, among others. These breakers help to maintain the safe operation of electrical systems.
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A series circuit has a resistance of 4.0 Ω, a reactance (due to the capacitance) of 21.0 Ω, and a reactance (due to the inductance) of 17.0 Ω. Find the impedance of the circuit.A) 5.7 Ω B) 27 Ω C) 8.0 Ω D) 42 Ω
The impedance of the circuit is A. 5.7 Ω,
In order to find the impedance of a series circuit, you can use the formula Z = √(R² + (XL - XC)²), where Z is the impedance, R is the resistance, XL is the inductive reactance, and XC is the capacitive reactance.
Given the values in your question:
R = 4.0 Ω
XC = 21.0 Ω
XL = 17.0 Ω
First, find the difference between the inductive and capacitive reactance:
ΔX = XL - XC = 17.0 Ω - 21.0 Ω = -4.0 Ω
Now, substitute these values into the formula:
Z = √(R² + ΔX²) = √((4.0 Ω)² + (-4.0 Ω)²) = √(16 Ω² + 16 Ω²) = √(32 Ω²)
Z = 5.66 Ω (rounded to 5.7 Ω)
Therefore, the impedance of the circuit is A. 5.7 Ω.
The Question was Incomplete, Find the full content below :
A series circuit has a resistance of 4.0 Ω, a reactance (due to the capacitance) of 21.0 Ω, and a reactance (due to the inductance) of 17.0 Ω. Find the impedance of the circuit.
A) 5.7 Ω
B) 27 Ω
C) 8.0 Ω
D) 42 Ω
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You and your friend both own a piece of gold of the same weight. But you live on earth, and your friend lives on a planet that has a surface gravity of 1.63m/s^2. Compared to your piece of gold, your friends piece of gold has
Compared to your piece of gold, your friend's piece of gold would weigh more on their planet due to the higher surface gravity.
The weight of an object is directly proportional to the force of gravity acting on it. Therefore, since the gravity on your friend's planet is higher than on Earth, their piece of gold would weigh more. However, the actual mass of both pieces of gold would remain the same regardless of the gravitational force acting upon them. On Earth, the force of gravity is 9.81m/s^2, which means that it pulls objects towards the planet with a greater force than the planet with 1.63m/s^2 surface gravity. Therefore, your friend's piece of gold will be heavier because it is being pulled with a greater force.
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(390-8) When an outlet from an underfloor raceway is discontinued, the circuit conductors supplying the outlet _____.
When an outlet from an Underfloor raceway is discontinued, the circuit conductors supplying the outlet must be disconnected, isolated, and insulated from any possible contact with other conductors. This ensures safety and prevents potential short circuits or other electrical hazards. The underfloor raceway is a system used in commercial buildings to distribute electrical power and data cabling underneath the raised floor. It typically consists of metal or plastic conduit channels installed below the floor surface, providing a concealed pathway for routing electrical conductors.
The circuit conductors supplying power to that outlet are disconnected and terminated properly. This may involve removing the outlet box, disconnecting the conductors from the circuit breaker or fuse panel, and properly capping or terminating the conductors to ensure they are safely and securely isolated from the electrical system. Following local electrical codes and best practices is essential to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the electrical system.
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The amount of deformation a material experiences due to an applied force is called
The amount of deformation a material experiences due to an applied force is called strain.
The amount of deformation a material experiences due to an applied force is called strain. Strain is a measure of the degree to which a material is stretched or compressed under a given load, and it is typically expressed as a ratio of the change in length or shape of the material to its original length or shape.
Strain can be categorized into several types, including tensile strain, compressive strain, shear strain, and volumetric strain, depending on the type of deformation that occurs.
Tensile strain occurs when a material is stretched along its length, while compressive strain occurs when a material is compressed or shortened along its length.
Shear strain occurs when a material is subjected to a parallel force that causes it to slide or twist along a plane, while volumetric strain occurs when a material experiences a change in volume due to pressure.
Overall, the concept of strain is important in materials science and engineering, as it helps to describe the behavior of materials under different types of loads and can be used to design and optimize materials for specific applications.
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17) Where does most star formation occur in the Milky Way Galaxy? A) everywhere throughout the galactic disk B) in the central bulge C) within the halo D) in the spiral arms
Most star formation occurs in the spiral arms of the Milky Way Galaxy.
Which are the regions of highest density of interstellar gas and dust. These areas of dense gas and dust are the perfect environment for star formation, due to their higher local density which allows them to gravitationally collapse and form stars. The spiral arms of the Milky Way contain a variety of molecular clouds, which are regions of gas and dust that have the potential to form stars. The Milky Way's spiral arms are also home to a variety of star clusters, which are regions of stars that were born from the same molecular cloud at the same time.
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What speed would a 0.4 kg football have to be thrown to have a momentum of 8 kg * m/s?
Answer:
Explanation:
p = m * v
where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity/speed.
In this case, we are given the momentum (p) and the mass (m) of the football. We can rearrange the formula to solve for v:
v = p / m
Substituting the given values, we get:
v = 8 kg * m/s / 0.4 kg
v = 20 m/s
How would you best describe the behavior of the wave in the diagrams when it reaches the boundary between the big particles and the small particles?
When a wave reaches the boundary between media with different properties, several behaviors may occur:
What happens when two waves reaches a boundary?Reflection: A portion of the wave may bounce back into the original medium, following the law of reflection, which states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. This occurs when the wave encounters a medium with a higher density or different refractive index, causing the wave to change direction and reflect back.
Refraction: Another portion of the wave may continue to propagate into the new medium, but change direction due to a change in speed and wavelength. This bending of the wave is called refraction, and it occurs when the wave enters a medium with a different density or refractive index.
Transmission: The remaining portion of the wave may continue to propagate through the new medium without changing direction, if the properties of the two media are such that the wave is not significantly affected.
The specific behavior of the wave at the boundary between big particles and small particles would depend on various factors, such as the angle of incidence, the properties of the media (e.g., density, refractive index), and the characteristics of the wave (e.g., frequency, wavelength).
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explain how this reduces the difference in travel times.explain how this reduces the difference in travel times.the light travels a shorter distance moving along the center but has a reduced speed, and this reduces the difference in travel times.
When light travels through a medium, it can take different paths that have different distances and speeds.
However, if the medium has a symmetrical structure, such as a cylindrical shape, the light can follow a path along the center, which is the shortest distance between two points. Although the speed of light along this path is reduced, the overall travel time is also reduced because the distance is shorter.
As a result, the difference in travel times between the different paths is reduced, leading to a more consistent and predictable travel time for the light.
This principle is often used in fiber optic communication systems, where light travels through long, cylindrical fibers to transmit data over long distances with minimal loss of signal strength. When light travels along the center of a medium, it moves a shorter distance compared to light traveling along the edges.
However, this central path may have a reduced speed due to factors like refraction or the properties of the medium. This reduced speed can compensate for the shorter distance, ultimately leading to similar travel times for both central and edge paths. As a result, the difference in travel times between these two paths is reduced.
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Question 6
Which one of the following is least penetrating?
a. Alpha rays
b. Beta rays
c. Gamma rays
d. x-rays
Answer:
a) Alpha rays because an alpha ray involves a Helium nucleus - with an atomic number of two and a mass number of 4
Beta rays would be next which involve an electron which is thousands of times less massive than an alpha ray
2. Globalization implies all of the following except:
a. the world is free from national boundaries
b. a borderless world
c. competition between workers from other countries
d. an organization's nationality is held strongly in consciousness
The correct answer is d. an organization's nationality is held strongly in consciousness. Globalization is the process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among individuals, businesses, and countries worldwide.
It involves the breaking down of national boundaries and creating a borderless world where goods, services, and people can move freely. As a result, there is increased competition between workers from different countries, but the emphasis on an organization's nationality is reduced in the face of globalization.
Globalization implies all of the following except
d. an organization's nationality is held strongly in consciousness
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the rate of ventricular conduction is best determined by the _______________________ on an ecg
The rate of ventricular conduction is best determined by the QRS complex on an ECG:
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive test that records the electrical activity of the heart over time using electrodes placed on the skin.
The QRS complex is one of the components of the ECG waveform.
It represents the depolarization of the ventricles, which is the electrical activity that causes the ventricles to contract and pump blood out of the heart.
The duration of the QRS complex can be measured in milliseconds (ms) using calipers or a ruler on the ECG tracing.
The QRS complex duration should be less than 0.12 seconds (120 ms) in a normal ECG.
The heart rate or the rate of ventricular conduction can be determined by measuring the time interval between successive QRS complexes.
This time interval is called the R-R interval, and it represents the time it takes for the ventricles to depolarize and contract again.
The heart rate can be calculated by dividing 60 seconds by the R-R interval in seconds. For example, if the R-R interval is 0.8 seconds, the heart rate would be 75 beats per minute (60/0.8=75).
In addition to the QRS complex, other components of the ECG waveform can also be used to determine the heart rate, such as the P wave (which represents the depolarization of the atria) and the T wave (which represents the repolarization of the ventricles).
However, the QRS complex is considered the most reliable and accurate indicator of the rate of ventricular conduction.
Overall, the QRS complex on an ECG is the best indicator of the rate of ventricular conduction because it represents the electrical activity that causes the ventricles to contract and pump blood out of the heart.
By measuring the duration and timing of successive QRS complexes, the heart rate or the rate of ventricular conduction can be accurately determined.
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A locust jumps at an angle of 55. 0° and lands 0. 750 m from where it jumped
The locust jumped a total distance of 0.750 m at an angle of 55.0°. Using the sine and cosine functions, we can calculate the horizontal and vertical components of the jump.
What is angle?Angle is a geometric figure formed by two lines or rays diverging from a common point. It is measured in degrees, and is used to indicate the amount of turn between the two lines or rays. Angles are often used in geometry, engineering, and physics to measure the size of objects or the amount of turn in a path. Angles are also used to indicate direction, such as in a compass. In mathematics, angles can be used to calculate the area and volume of shapes, as well as the length of curves.
The horizontal component is 0.666 m and the vertical component is 0.450 m. This means the locust jumped 0.666 m horizontally and 0.450 m vertically.
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3. A sine wave has an RMS amplitude of 2.0 V. What is the peak to peak voltage of the wave
The peak voltage of a sine wave is equal to the RMS amplitude multiplied by the square root of 2. Therefore, the peak voltage of this sine wave is:
Peak voltage = 2.0 V x √2 = 2.0 V x 1.414 = 2.828 V
The peak-to-peak voltage of a sine wave is twice the peak voltage. Therefore, the peak-to-peak voltage of this sine wave is:
Peak-to-peak voltage = 2 x 2.828 V = 5.656 V
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Two large, horizontal metal plates are separated by 0.020m. A small plastic sphere is suspended halfway between them and experiences an electric force of 2.5x10^-15N that just balances the force of gravity on it.
a. What is the potential difference between the plates, if the charge on the plastic sphere is +7.6x10^-19C?
b. Calculate the mass of the plastic sphere.
(a) The potential difference between the plates is approximately 8.97 Volts.
(b) The mass of the plastic sphere is approximately 1.94x10^-17 kg.
What is the potential difference?To calculate the potential difference between the plates, we can use the formula for electric force:
Electric force (F_e) = Charge (q) * Electric field (E)
The electric field (E) between the plates is given by:
Electric field (E) = Voltage (V) / Distance (d)
where;
d is the distance between the plates.Setting the electric force equal to the force of gravity (F_g) on the sphere, we have:
Charge (q) * Electric field (E) = Mass (m) * Acceleration due to gravity (g)
Solving for the electric field (E), we get:
Electric field (E) = (Mass (m) * Acceleration due to gravity (g)) / Charge (q)
Since the electric force (F_e) is given as 2.5x10^-15N and the charge (q) on the plastic sphere is +7.6x10^-19C, we can substitute these values into the equation:
2.5x10^-15N = (Mass (m) * 9.8 m/s^2) / 7.6x10^-19C
Solving for mass (m), we get:
Mass (m) = (2.5x10^-15N * 7.6x10^-19C) / (9.8 m/s^2)
Mass (m) ≈ 1.94x10^-17 kg
b. Now that we know the mass of the plastic sphere is 1.94x10^-17 kg, we can calculate the potential difference (V) between the plates using the formula for electric field:
Electric field (E) = Voltage (V) / Distance (d)
Solving for voltage (V), we get:
Voltage (V) = Electric field (E) * Distance (d)
We already know the distance between the plates (d) is 0.020 m, and we can use the electric field (E) that we calculated in part a, which is approximately:
Electric field (E) ≈ (2.5x10^-15N * 7.6x10^-19C) / (1.94x10^-17 kg * 9.8 m/s^2)
Plugging in the values, we can now calculate the potential difference (V):
Voltage (V) ≈ 8.97 V
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Question 47 Marks: 1 The ______ of a sound wave is the energy transferred per unit time (sec) through a unit area normal to the direction of propagation.Choose one answer. a. sound pressure b. frequency c. intensity d. speed
The answer is c. intensity. The intensity of a sound wave is the energy transferred per unit of time (sec) through a unit area normal to the direction of propagation.
This means that the energy of the sound wave is spread out over an area and the amount of energy that is transferred depends on the intensity of the sound wave. The direction of propagation refers to the direction in which the sound wave is traveling.
The intensity of a sound wave is the energy transferred per unit of time (sec) through a unit area normal to the direction of propagation.
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Question 66 Marks: 1 It is estimated that at any given time, there is/are _____ times more water stored underground than in all the surface streams and lakes.
Choose one answer. a. 5 times as much b. 20 to 30 times as much c. one-half as much d. one-tenth as much
It is estimated that there is b. 20 to 30 times as much more water stored underground than in all the surface streams and lakes.
This significant amount of water is found in aquifers, which are underground layers of rock, sand, and gravel that hold water. These underground reservoirs play a crucial role in providing freshwater to communities, agriculture, and industries worldwide.
Surface water, on the other hand, consists of lakes, rivers, and streams, which are visible and more commonly utilized sources of water. While both underground and surface water sources are essential for sustaining life on Earth, it's crucial to understand the vast difference in their quantities to efficiently manage and protect these valuable resources. It is estimated that there is b. 20 to 30 times as much more water stored underground than in all the surface streams and lakes.
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____ blank friction includes all cases in which the frictional force is sufficient to prevent relative motion between surfaces
Static friction includes all cases in which the frictional force is sufficient to prevent relative motion between surfaces.
Static friction is the force that prevents an object from moving when a force is applied to it. It occurs when the force applied is not strong enough to overcome the frictional force between the two surfaces. In other words, the static frictional force is equal and opposite to the force applied, resulting in no net movement of the object.
Static friction is a crucial force in many situations, such as in keeping objects stationary on a slope or in the tires of a car on a road. Once the applied force exceeds the static frictional force, kinetic (or sliding) friction takes over, and the object starts to move.
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(310-15(B)(3)(a)(2)The ampacity of a conductor can be different along the length of the conductor. The higher calculated ampacity can be used if the length of the lower ampacity is no more than 10 feet or no more than 10 percent of the length of the circuit conductors.(True/False)
True, A conductor's ampacity can vary throughout its length due to factors such as ambient temperature, the number of conductors in a cable, and insulation type.
The National Electric Code (NEC) allows for the use of greater ampacity if the length of the lower ampacity portion is no longer than 10 feet or 10% of the length of the circuit conductors, whichever is shorter.
This provision is predicated on the idea that the heat created by the higher ampacity part will be dispersed across the length of the lower ampacity segment, resulting in no overheating or conductor damage.
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what is the link margin value that must be achieved to force an enemy jammer at equal distance to a receiving link 16 terminal to use 128 times more power than the transmitting terminal
The link margin needed is equal to the difference between the EIRP of the jammer signal and the transmitting terminal EIRP = EIRP(jammer) - EIRP(transmitted).
What is EIRP?A wireless link budget, in general, predicts the potential losses that the signal being transmitted might experience and makes adjustments to the design parameters to mitigate the consequences of such losses. EIRP is frequently used to define the transmission power level needed in wireless connection budget estimates. The power transmitted by an isotropic source is used as the reference by the EIRP. EIRP combines the transmitting antenna's gain and power. EIRP is calculated as the product of the transmitting antenna's power and gain. A comparison is made between the power radiated and gain of an isotropic source and the product of the power radiated and gain of a realizable antenna. A source that is isotropic radiates uniformly in all directions has a gain of one.
The link margin value that must be achieved to force an enemy jammer at equal distance to a receiving link 16 terminal to use 128 times more power than the transmitting terminal is the ratio of the equivalent isotropically radiated powers (EIRP) of the two signals (the transmitted and the jammer signal). 128 = [tex]\frac{(EIRPjammer) }{(EIRPtransmitted)}[/tex]. Therefore, the link margin needed is equal to the difference between the EIRP of the jammer signal and the transmitting terminal EIRP = EIRP(jammer) - EIRP'(transmitted).
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Question 60 Marks: 1 A thin sheet of paper will stop a beta particle.Choose one answer. a. True b. False
The given statement "A thin sheet of paper will stop a beta particle" is a false statement because A high-energy electron or positron known as a beta particle is unlikely to be stopped by a thin sheet of paper.
A beta particle, also known as a beta ray or beta radiation (symbol ), is a highly energetic, swiftly moving electron or positron that is released during the radioactive disintegration of an atomic nucleus. Compared to alpha particles, beta particles are more invasive, although they can be prevented by substances with greater atomic numbers, such as aluminium or lead. In most cases, a thin sheet of paper is insufficient to stop beta particles.To know more about beta
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