Carotenoids and Vitamin A both require fat in order to be absorbed in the digestive system.
vitamin A and carotenoids :
vitamin A and carotenoids are Fat-soluble micronutrients and they both require fat for the digestion .They are assumed to follow the fate of lipids in the upper gastrointestinal tract , and their absorption presumably occurs in the upper half of the small intestine.
Carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins are integrated with other lipids into the mixed micelles during digestion, which is likely necessary for the enterocyte to absorb them. Phospholipids, cholesterol, lipid digestion byproducts (including free fatty acids, monoacylglycerols, and lysophospholipids), and bile salts are all components of mixed micelles.
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The Philadelphia chromosome results when a portion of chromosome 9 is swapped for a portion of chromosome 22. This type of mutation is called a _______ and leads to cancer.
Answer:
translocation
Explanation:
1. Complete the Punnett square for a cross between a homozygous red-flowered snapdragon (RR) and a
homozygous white-flowered snapdragon (R'R'). Give the genotype and phenotype of the offspring in
the F₁ generation.
Key
RR - red
R'R' - white
RR' - pink
F₁
8
genotype:
phenotype:
What type of cytotoxic T cells respond to foreign antigens only in association with class I MHC glycoproteins
CD8+ type of cytotoxic T cells responds to foreign antigens only in association with class I MHC glycoproteins.
What are cytotoxic T cells?
Cytotoxic T cell is a particular class of immune cell that is capable of eliminating specific types of cells, such as virus-infected cells, cancer cells, and alien cells. To destroy cancer cells, cytotoxic T cells can be isolated from other blood cells, cultured in a lab, and then administered to a patient.
Helper T cells binding to a processed antigen on the same dendritic cell as the MHC-class II presenting a processed cancer cell antigen enhances cytotoxic T-cell complete activation. Cytotoxic T cells release two cytokines in particular, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, which facilitate the activation of macrophages.
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What is unique about how fish live in groups?
Answer:
Fish generally prefer larger groups over smaller groups. They prefer groups with similar species.
Explanation:
What are some ways that humans negatively affect the environment?
Answer:
Explanation:
1) We exploit natural resources to our fullest extent. For example, we perform deforestation to get raw products for manufacturing stuff. Deforestation can lead to wide array of problems like soil erosion, landslides, and even extinction of animal species.
2) We pollute, like a LOT! Look up plastic islands in ocean or microplastics found in fish or even some mammals. We dump stuff into ocean which can not only pollute the water but also kill marine life.
3) We burn fossil fuels which releases gases that trap heat in earth's atmosphere and result in global warming.
4) the list goes on and on and on and on......
Which factor is not important in determining the membrane potential when there are multiple permeant ions
The sum total of all of the ions on both sides of the membrane is not important in determining the membrane potential when there are multiple permeant ions.
Membrane potential :
The difference in electric potential between a biological cell's interior and exterior is known as membrane potential (also known as transmembrane potential or membrane voltage). That is, different amounts of energy are needed for electric charges to travel from inside of cells to outside environments, and vice versa.
The equilibrium potentials of the ions to which the membrane is permeable are represented by the membrane potential. An ion's ability to carry electricity determines how much it will affect a cell's membrane potential.
The two factors which is important in determining the membrane potential when there are multiple permeant ions are :
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Original Codon: CTC GAG
Mutated codon: GTC CAG
Which of the following choices refers to the appropriate amino acid of the original and mutated code?
A. Glutamic acid and Glutamine
B. Valine and Lysine
C. Serine and Isoleucine
D. Proline and Tryptophan
The original codons code for Leucine and Glutamic acid. The mutated codons code for Valine and Glutamine.
Genetic codes and amino acidsEach of the genetic codes. otherwise known as codons, translates to an amino acid.
Following the table of genetic codes with their respective amino acids:
CTC (CUC) codes for LeucineGAG codes for Glutamic acidGTC (GUC)codes for ValineCAG codes for GlutamineThus, the glutamic acid in the original codon has been replaced with glutamine in the mutated codon while Leucine has been replaced with Valine.
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What phase is the indicated cell currently in?
Answer:
In eukaryotic cells, or cells with a nucleus, the stages of the cell cycle are divided into two major phases: interphase and the mitotic (M) phase. During interphase, the cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA. During the mitotic (M) phase, the cell separates its DNA into two sets and divides its cytoplasm, forming two new cells.
Explanation:
Offspring inherit _________________; if one or both parents passes on a gene with DNA that does not code for functional proteins, disorders like phenylketonuria can result.
Offspring inherit one copy of each gene from both parents if one or both parents passes on a gene with DNA that does not code for functional proteins, disorders like phenylketonuria can result.
How do parents pass on one copy of each gene to their children?Their mother passes one copy on to them through the egg, while their father passes the other one along (via the sperm). Each egg and sperm have a single set of 23 chromosomes. Two copies of each chromosome and two copies of each gene are present when the sperm fertilizes the egg, resulting in the formation of an embryo.
An autosomal recessive metabolic genetic condition called phenylketonuria (PKU) is defined by a mutation that renders the gene for the hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) inactive.
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The sperm of one sea urchin species cannot bind to the eggs of a different sea urchin species. This exemplifies what type of reproductive isolating mechanism
This is due to Gametic isolation/ incompatibility.
What is Gametic incompatibility?It is a type of barrier where fertilization does not takes place even when the gametes (sperm and egg) come in contact with each other.In this, the gametes of different species are not able to recognize each other.A chemotactic molecule resact from the egg jelly of sea urchin species is specific for the sperms of that species and is not able to attract sperms of other species towards itself.Learn more about reproductive isolation here:
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The nervous system is divided into the central
nervous system and the peripheral nervous
system.
Which is the responsibility of the peripheral
nervous system?
A. Responding to stimuli
B. Pumping blood throughout the body
C. Supporting the body
D. Digesting food
Sebum contains ________ which contributes to creating an inhospitable environment on the surface of the body.
Sebum contains Fatty acids which contributes to creating an inhospitable environment on the surface of the body.
Sebaceous glands are tiny exocrine glands located at various body regions except for the palm and sole of feet. The glands produce oily substances called sebum, containing lipids (triglycerides), waxes, and fatty acids.Acne is a condition that happens due to the clogging of skin pores, leading to the formation of whiteheads, blackheads, and pimples.Acne usually appears on the forehead, cheeks, neck, back, and chin region. The skin pores get clogged due to bacteria, ingrown hairs, excess production of sebum (oil), hormones, and dead skin cells.learn more about Sebum here: https://brainly.com/question/10723558
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What contributes to waste management by recycling metabolic products and converting toxic substances into less toxic ones
The kidneys contribute to waste management by recycling metabolic products and converting toxic substances into less toxic ones.
Kidneys are an important organ of animals as they provide a channel for the disposal of body waste and simultaneously regulate the balance in the level of salt and water in the body.
Kidneys work as microfilters that are capable of eliminating dissolved and suspended forms of ammonia, uric acid, urea, creatine, creatinine, amino acids, excess salts, and water along with proper disposal of organic waste which altogether constitutes the metabolic waste of the body. These substances before being finally excreted from the boy undergo a last round of reabsorption.
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Scientists study many different species, including mice, fruit flies, and monkeys to better understand human genes and how they lead to diseases. Why
Scientists study many different species to better understand human genes and how they lead to diseases due to an approach called comparative genomics.
What is comparative genomics?Comparative genomics is a subfield in genetics aimed at understanding gene function by comparing evolutionarily conserved sequences.
Comparative genomics is based on the alignment of homo-logous gene sequences between different species.
In conclusion, scientists study many different species due to an approach called comparative genomics.
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In metabolic channeling, enzymes and metabolites are differentially distributed among separate cell structures or organelles and this different distribution is called _________.
In metabolic channeling, enzymes and metabolites are differentially distributed among separate cell structures or organelles and this different distribution is called compartmentation.
What is Metabolic channeling?Metabolic channeling may be defined as the representation employed to illustrate the limited discharge of substrates and products in multienzyme systems.
This metabolic channeling is catalyzed with specific enzymes and metabolites and then releases the product in the specific cell structures or organelles only.
This activity of channeling is known as target-specific channeling and the process that mediates this activity is known as compartmentation.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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What will happen to blood flow if the resistance to flow increases, while the pressure gradient across a blood vessel remains constant
Answer:
As resistance to flow increases, blood flow will decrease
Explanation:
Resistance is a force that opposes the flow of a fluid. In blood vessels, most of the resistance is due to vessel diameter. As vessel diameter decreases, the resistance to flow increases and blood flow decreases.
Which statement describes one way that wind energy is different from energy from fossil fuels?
O Wind energy reliability can be inconsistent.
O Wind energy produces larger quantities of energy.
O Wind energy can be reproduced quickly.
Wind energy produces more pollution.
Wing energy is reliable but is less consistent. The correct option is A.
What are fossil fuels?Fossil fuels are derived from the decomposition of plants and animals. These fuels, which can be encountered in the Earth's crust and encompass carbon and hydrogen, can be burned for energy.
Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas. These are consistent source of energy. On the other hand, wind energy is reliable but is not really consistent.
Thus, the correct option is A.
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One primitive trait of Ardipithecus ramidus is its Group of answer choices opposable big toe flat face. pelvis. hip. PreviousNext
One primitive trait of Ardipithecus ramidus is its opposable big toe
The hominin species Ardipithecus ramidus has large grabbing toes that make it better adapted for walking than chimpanzees at climbing trees. An australopithecine species called Ardipithecus ramidus lived 4.4 million years ago in the Afar area of Early Pliocene Ethiopia (mya). Contrary to modern hominids, A. ramidus has adaptations for both life in the trees and walking on two legs (bipedality) (arboreality).The anatomy is quite simple. Upper canines are evolved from Australopithecus afarensis and have a diamond form as opposed to the pointed shape seen in African apes. It appears that lower canines have less developed characteristics.learn more about Ardipithecus ramidus here: https://brainly.com/question/13930239
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. The pelvis of Ardipithecus ramidus is one of the creature's fundamental characteristics. hip; flat face oppositional toe.
1. One primitive trait of Ardipithecus ramidus is its Group of answer choices pelvis. flat face. hip. opposable toe.
2.Two evolutionary processes that may produce a cline in a human allele or trait are Group of answer choices gene flow and genetic drift. mutations and Hardy-Weinberg processes. sexual selection and natural selection. founder effect and gene flow
3. Modern humans have genes from which of the following species. Group of answer choices Neanderthals and Denisovans Habilis and Erectus Floresiensis and Naledi Afarensis and Habilis
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NADPH is made by Question 37 options: a) the Krebs cycle. b) chemiosmosis. c) glycolysis. d) the passing of electrons from photosystem I to an electron transport chain. e) the Calvin cycle.
Answer:
D) Passing of electrons from Photosystem I to electron transport chain.
Explanation:
The NADPH is generated in the thylakoid membrane first in order to energize the second stage of photosynthesis (Calvin Cycle). Calvin Cycle takes place in the stroma, so that choice is out. Choices A, B, and C are in cellular respiration, and NADPH is not made in that process, so that leaves choice D.
Which phase of the bacterial growth curve is defined by zero net growth due to a lack of nutrients and excessive waste products being present
The phase in the bacterial growth curve which is defined by zero net growth due to a lack of nutrients and excessive waste products being present is the death phase of the growth curve.
The bacterial growth curve is a curve that depicts the number of viable live cells in a bacterial culture over a span of time. This growth curve has four very distinct phases, which are- lag phase, log phase, stationary phase, death phase.
Lag phase- The first phase which is the period of metabolic growth rather than division of cells.Log phase- The second phase where the cells are dividing and increasing in numbers.Stationary phase- The third phase where the bacterial cells reach a stagnant period and stop dividing due to the lack of nutrients.Death phase- The last phase where there is no metabolic growth or cellular division. The culture is filled with metabolic wastes from the lysis of cells.Learn more about the growth curve here-
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photosynthesis Reaction
Which reactant in the photosynthesis equation is
the source of hydrogen for sugar molecules?
Answer:
when the photo state is plant used sunlight to break apart water into hydrogen and oxygen the carbonyl the resulting hydrogen with carbon dioxide from the air to create
Explanation:
during photosynthes light energy conversion Exide and water and returns into glucose and oxygen the projects for the city is the process to use make their own food at the requins of photosynthes are carmetic exercise and water
The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of the distal convoluted tubule. the collecting duct. the nephron loop. the proximal convoluted tubule. both the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct.
The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of the nephron loop (loop of Henle) and the collecting duct.
What are the loop of Henle and the collecting duct?
Each kidney nephron has a long, U-shaped section of tubule called the loop of Henle that carries urine. It can be discovered in the kidneys of mammals, reptiles, and birds. Utilizing the concept of "countercurrent multiplication," the main purpose of the Henle loops and the thick ascending limb of the distal tubule is to concentrate urine.
Nephrons are physically connected to a minor calyx or the renal pelvis by a network of tubules and ducts that make up the kidney's collecting duct system. Aldosterone and vasopressin regulate mechanisms in the collecting duct system, the final component of the nephron, that contribute to electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion (antidiuretic hormone).
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Wallace's "flying frog" can glide through the air through the tree canopy by using its webbed feet. This saves the effort of making its way down to the forest floor and climbing up another tree. This capability is an excellent example of...
This capability is an excellent example of Amphibians.
Definition of AmphibianAmphibians are cold-blooded, vertebrate animals that have both a terrestrial and an aquatic phase of life. They spend most of their time in the water and breathe through gills (living on land, breathing with lungs).
An amphibian is said to be cold-blooded if it is unable to produce its own heat. Instead, they fluctuate in temperature in response to their surroundings.Vertebrate refers to a category of animals that include amphibians and has a spine or backbone.Aquatic refers to being in the water. Amphibians start out in the water, using their tails to swim and their gills to breathe.Terrestrial entails being on land. Amphibians leave the water to live on land when they get older and acquire lungs and legs.The frog is arguably the most well-known species of amphibian. You likely already know that frogs.
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1. Describe the effect on the rate of photosynthesis if the temperature is increased from 10°c to 20°c
Answer:
As temperature increases the number of collisions increases, therefore the rate of photosynthesis increases.
Explanation:
However, at high temperatures, enzymes are denatured and this will decrease the rate of photosynthesis
Hox genes Group of answer choices appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms. function only in fruit flies. control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains. control the development of language in human
It appears to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms.
The Hox gene, a subset of the homeobox gene, is a group of related genes that specify the region of the embryo's body plan along the cranio-caudal axis of the animal. Hox proteins encode and specify "positional" properties to ensure that the right structure is formed in the right place in the body.
The hox genes are a subset of homeotic genes.The function of the hox genes is to control the development of the body plan of an individual during the embryonic stage.Thus, the basic body form of an organism is laid down with the help of these genes.These genes are present in many different species from fruit fly to mice to humans.The reason that they are present in different organisms is that there was a common ancestor that possessed the hox gene cluster and then the genes were passed on to different vertebrates. However, the slight changes that have occurred in these genes are due to duplication events.Learn more about Hox gene here:https://brainly.com/question/22998796
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What are the key points of inherited and acquired traits?
For revision
Explanation:
Acquired traits are the one that a person develops during his lifetime. These are not passed from one generation to another. On the other hand, inherited traits are present in the person since the time of his birth and are passed on from one generation to another.
If the half-life of a certain protein is 2.4 hours, how long will it take for the protein concentration to be reduced to 12.5% of its original concentration
Answer:ait will take 25 hours
Explanation:
When a mycelium infiltrates into a previously untapped source of dead organic matter, what are most likely to appear within the food source soon after
Fungal digestive enzymes are most likely to appear within the food source soon after.
What is Fungal digestive enzymes?Fungal enzymes are active in an acidic environment that mimics the physiology of the human stomach.Production of fungal enzymes primarily involves submerged fermentation techniques.Digestionary enzymes are produced by your pancreas, small intestine, and stomach. The "powerhouse" of digestion's enzymes is actually the pancreas. The most crucial digestive enzymes, which break down proteins, lipids, and carbs, are produced by it.Learn more about enzyme here:
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A restraint that provides protection without having to be handled by the occupant is called.
Blood types A and B are codiminant and completely dominant to blood type O. A person with blood type AB has a child with a person with blood type O. What percent of their children are likely to express blood type O?
Answer:
The answer would be 0%
Explanation:
When you do the Punnett square of the couple (AB x OO), The blood would only be type A or B. The blood types dominate over blood type O since O is a recessive trait. So, blood type O would only possibly show if both parents have the trait.
The percentage of children that will likely express the blood type O is 0%. Details about genetic crosses can be found below.
What is co-dominance?Co-dominance is condition in which both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed, with neither one being dominant or recessive to the other.
According to this question, blood types A and B are codiminant and completely dominant to blood type O.
This means that if a person with with blood type AB has a child with a person with blood type O, the offsprings of this cross will have the following genotype:
AOBOTherefore, the percentage of children that will likely express the blood type O is 0%.
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