The mass of glucose in a 110 mL sample of a 1.02 M glucose solution is 20.02 g.
To find the mass of glucose, follow these steps:
1. Convert the volume of the solution to liters: 110 mL = 0.110 L.
2. Determine the number of moles of glucose in the solution using the molarity formula:
Moles of glucose = Molarity × Volume
Moles of glucose = 1.02 M × 0.110 L = 0.1122 mol
3. Calculate the molar mass of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) using the periodic table:
Molar mass = (6 × C) + (12 × H) + (6 × O)
Molar mass = (6 × 12.01) + (12 × 1.01) + (6 × 16.00) = 180.18 g/mol
4. Find the mass of glucose by multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass:
Mass of glucose = Moles × Molar mass
Mass of glucose = 0.1122 mol × 180.18 g/mol = 20.02 g
To know more about periodic table click on below link:
https://brainly.com/question/11155928#
#SPJ11
explain why hc--ch is more acidic than ch3ch3, even though the c-h bond in hc-ch has a higher bond dissociation energy than the ch bond in ch3ch3
The reason why HC≡CH (acetylene) is more acidic than CH3CH3 (ethane) is due to the difference in hybridization of the carbon atoms and the resulting stability of the conjugate bases formed upon deprotonation. In HC≡CH, the carbon atom is sp-hybridized, while in CH3CH3, the carbon atom is sp3-hybridized.
When a proton is removed from HC≡CH, the resulting conjugate base is a negatively charged acetylide ion (C≡C-), in which the negative charge is delocalized over the two sp-hybridized carbon atoms. This delocalization of the negative charge leads to a more stable conjugate base, making it easier for the molecule to lose a proton and act as an acid.
On the other hand, when a proton is removed from CH3CH3, the resulting conjugate base is a negatively charged ethyl anion (CH3CH2-), with the negative charge localized on a single sp3-hybridized carbon atom. This conjugate base is less stable than the acetylide ion due to the lack of delocalization, making it harder for ethane to lose a proton and act as an acid.
Thus, even though the C-H bond in HC≡CH has a higher bond dissociation energy than the C-H bond in CH3CH3, HC≡CH is more acidic because its conjugate base is more stable due to the delocalization of the negative charge over the sp-hybridized carbon atoms.
To know more about conjugate bases click here:
https://brainly.com/question/12883745
#SPJ11
22 g of KCl and 200 g of H,O Express your answer using two significant figures. AEP O ? Submit Request Answer Part B 11 g of sugar in 225 g of tea with sugar (solution) Express your answer using two significant figures. 0 AED ON? Submit Request Answer Part 7.0 g of CaCl, in 85.0 g of CaCl, solution Express your answer using two significant figures 90 AED ROO? MacBook Air
A. The answer is 4.9 % (2 sig figs). This gives us 0.115 mol of KCl and 0.0938 mol of H₂O.
B. The answer to this question is 4.9 % (2 sig figs). This gives us 0.068 mol of sugar and 0.0938 mol of tea.
What is molar mass?It is calculated by adding together the atomic masses of all the atoms in the substance. The molar mass of a substance is an important factor for understanding its properties and behavior.
Part A: 22 g of KCl and 200 g of H₂O.
The answer to this question is 4.9 % (2 sig figs). This can be calculated by first converting the given masses of KCl and H₂O into moles, using their respective molar masses.
This gives us 0.115 mol of KCl and 0.0938 mol of H₂O.
We can then calculate the mass percent of KCl in the solution by dividing the mass of KCl by the total mass of the solution and multiplying by 100. This gives us 4.9 % (2 sig figs) of KCl in the solution.
Part B: 11 g of sugar in 225 g of tea with sugar (solution).
The answer to this question is 4.9 % (2 sig figs). This can be calculated by first converting the given masses of sugar and tea into moles, using their respective molar masses.
This gives us 0.068 mol of sugar and 0.0938 mol of tea.
We can then calculate the mass percent of sugar in the solution by dividing the mass of sugar by the total mass of the solution and multiplying by 100.
This gives us 4.9
For more questions related to atomic masses
https://brainly.com/question/30390726
#SPJ1
A. The answer is 4.9 % (2 sig figs). This gives us 0.115 mol of KCl and 0.0938 mol of H₂O.
B. The answer to this question is 4.9 % (2 sig figs). This gives us 0.068 mol of sugar and 0.0938 mol of tea.
What is molar mass?It is calculated by adding together the atomic masses of all the atoms in the substance. The molar mass of a substance is an important factor for understanding its properties and behavior.
Part A: 22 g of KCl and 200 g of H₂O.
The answer to this question is 4.9 % (2 sig figs). This can be calculated by first converting the given masses of KCl and H₂O into moles, using their respective molar masses.
This gives us 0.115 mol of KCl and 0.0938 mol of H₂O.
We can then calculate the mass percent of KCl in the solution by dividing the mass of KCl by the total mass of the solution and multiplying by 100. This gives us 4.9 % (2 sig figs) of KCl in the solution.
Part B: 11 g of sugar in 225 g of tea with sugar (solution).
The answer to this question is 4.9 % (2 sig figs). This can be calculated by first converting the given masses of sugar and tea into moles, using their respective molar masses.
This gives us 0.068 mol of sugar and 0.0938 mol of tea.
We can then calculate the mass percent of sugar in the solution by dividing the mass of sugar by the total mass of the solution and multiplying by 100.
This gives us 4.9
For more questions related to atomic masses
https://brainly.com/question/30390726
#SPJ1
how to calculate the cell potential for the galvanic cell described as C(s)| H2(g) | H+(aq) || OH-(aq) | O2(g) | Pt(s)
The cell potential for the given galvanic cell is +0.401 V.
The cell potential for the given galvanic cell. Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1. Identify the half-reactions: In the given galvanic cell, the half-reactions are:
- Anode (oxidation): H2(g) → 2H+(aq) + 2e-
- Cathode (reduction): O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4e- → 4OH-(aq)
2. Determine the standard reduction potentials (E°): You can find the standard reduction potentials for the half-reactions in a standard reduction potential table. For the given reactions, we have:
- E°(H2/H+) = 0 V (as it is the reference value)
- E°(O2/OH-) = +0.401 V
3. Calculate the cell potential (Ecell): To calculate the cell potential, use the equation Ecell = E°cathode - E°anode. In this case, it would be:
Ecell = E°(O2/OH-) - E°(H2/H+) = +0.401 V - 0 V = +0.401 V
Therefore, the cell potential for the given galvanic cell is +0.401 V.
Know more about Galvanic Cell here:
https://brainly.com/question/13031093
#SPJ11
Spacecraft bring back samples of two asteroids. One brings back a small sample, and the other brings back a large sample. Back on Earth, scientists observer that the samples have a similar color and hardness. Scientists weigh the samples and find that the small sample has a mass of 10 grams, and the large sample has a mass of 1,000 grams.
Write a set of procedures that will allow any scientist to be able to gather more evidence about whether the two samples are likely to be the same substance or not.
This is just confusing.
Here are some procedures that scientists can follow to gather more evidence about whether samples are the same substance or not: Conduct a chemical analysis, Conduct a spectroscopic analysis, Conduct a crystallographic analysis, Conduct a density analysis
Conduct a chemical analysis: If the samples have the same composition, then they are likely to be the same substance.
Conduct a spectroscopic analysis: If the spectral signatures are the same, then the samples are likely to be the same substance.
Conduct a crystallographic analysis: If the crystal structures are the same, then the samples are likely to be the same substance.
Conduct a density analysis: If the densities are the same, then the samples are likely to be the same substance.
To know more about spectral signatures, here
brainly.com/question/22636286
#SPJ1
Calculate the minimum (least negative) cathode potential (versus SHE) needed to begin electroplating nickel from 0.250 M Ni2+ onto a piece of iron. Assume that the overpotential for the reduction of Ni2+ on an iron electrode is negligible (The reduction potential of Ni2+ vs. SHE is –0.257 V).
We first need to take into account the reduction potential of Ni2+ vs. SHE, which is -0.257 V, in order to get the minimal (least negative) cathode potential (against SHE) required to start electroplating nickel from 0.250 M Ni2+ onto a piece of iron.
The Ni2+ ions will start to be decreased at the cathode at this voltage. As a result, in order to start electroplating nickel from 0.250 M Ni2+ onto a piece of iron, the minimum cathode potential (against SHE) required is -0.257 V.
On an iron electrode, the overpotential for Ni2+ reduction is thought to be insignificant. This indicates that to start electroplating nickel from 0.250, the cathode potential (against SHE) needs to be no more negative than -0.257 V.
Learn more about cathode potential at:
https://brainly.com/question/32247139
#SPJ12
We first need to take into account the reduction potential of Ni2+ vs. SHE, which is -0.257 V, in order to get the minimal (least negative) cathode potential (against SHE) required to start electroplating nickel from 0.250 M Ni2+ onto a piece of iron.
The Ni2+ ions will start to be decreased at the cathode at this voltage. As a result, in order to start electroplating nickel from 0.250 M Ni2+ onto a piece of iron, the minimum cathode potential (against SHE) required is -0.257 V.
On an iron electrode, the overpotential for Ni2+ reduction is thought to be insignificant. This indicates that to start electroplating nickel from 0.250, the cathode potential (against SHE) needs to be no more negative than -0.257 V.
Learn more about cathode potential at:
https://brainly.com/question/32247139
#SPJ12
Is the following equation properly balanced?
2HOI+H2O→IO3– +I– +4H+
Prove your answer by balancing the equation by the method of half-reactions
The given equation is not balanced. The properly balanced equation is:
HIO + H₂O + 2I- → IO₃⁻ + 4H+ + I₂
To balance the equation using the method of half-reactions, we first need to separate the reaction into two half-reactions: the oxidation half-reaction and the reduction half-reaction.
Oxidation half-reaction:
2I- → I₂
Reduction half-reaction:
HIO + H₂O → IO₃- + 4H⁺ + 3e⁻
We can balance the oxidation half-reaction by adding two electrons to the left side:
2I- + 2e⁻ → I₂
Next, we can balance the reduction half-reaction by multiplying the oxidation half-reaction by 3 and adding it to the reduction half-reaction:
3HIO + 3H₂O + 6I- → 3IO³⁻ + 12H+ + 9e⁻ + 3I₂
Now we can cancel out the electrons from both half-reactions:
3HIO + 3H₂O + 6I⁻ → 3IO₃⁻ + 12H+ + 3I₂
Finally, we can simplify the equation by dividing all coefficients by 3:
HIO + H₂O + 2I- → IO₃⁻ + 4H+ + I₂
Learn more about the balanced equation: https://brainly.com/question/7181548
#SPJ11
Calculate the volume of a solution prepared by diluting a 2.0 L solution of 0.80 M Ca(CO3)2 to 0.30 M. Select the correct answer below: 5.3 L 6.1 L 6.7 L 7.2 L FEEDBACK MORE INSTRUCTION SUBMIT
The U.S. Geological Survey's procedures for organising and carrying out investigations on water resources are described in a series of chapters on methodologies.5.3 Temperature affects the standard heat of reaction.
2*0.8= 0.3 V
V= 1.6/0.3
= 5.3. Users of the Code may obtain the wording of the provisions in effect by searching for an OMB control number displayed by federal agencies.The manual balances the need for comprehensive coverage by giving an overview of the application of nuclear techniques in soil science and plant nutrition.
To know more about water resources, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/27327901
#SPJ4
a two-word phrase in each box. the value of the ___ q is equal to the ___ k, when equilibrium is reacted
The value of the "reaction quotient (Q)" is equal to the "equilibrium constant (K) when equilibrium is reached.
The reaction quotient (Q) is a measure of the relative concentrations of reactants and products in a chemical reaction at a given point in time, before the reaction has reached equilibrium. It is calculated in the same way as the equilibrium constant (K_eq), but using the current concentrations of the reactants and products rather than their equilibrium concentrations.
The equilibrium constant, denoted by K, is a quantitative measure of the extent to which a chemical reaction proceeds to reach equilibrium. It relates the concentrations of the products and reactants at equilibrium, under a given set of conditions.
Learn more about equilibrium:
https://brainly.com/question/2162534
#SPJ11
At 25 Celsius does hydrogen or nitrogen have the higher average kinetic energy?
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
17×10−21 J/molecule.
a solution is prepared by dissolving 0.15 g of sodium oxide in water to give 119.5 ml of solution. express the ph to two decimal places.
To calculate the pH of the solution, we first need to determine the concentration of hydroxide ions ([tex]OH^{-}[/tex]) in the solution, since sodium oxide is a strong base that dissociates completely in water to give [tex]Na^{+}[/tex] and [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] ions.
We can start by calculating the number of moles of sodium oxide dissolved in the solution:
0.15 g [tex]Na_{2} O[/tex] / (61.98 g/mol [tex]Na_{2} O[/tex]) = 0.00242 mol [tex]Na_{2} O[/tex]
Since sodium oxide dissociates completely in water to give two moles of sodium ions and one mole of hydroxide ions per mole of [tex]Na_{2} O[/tex], we know that the number of moles of [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] in the solution is:
0.00242 mol [tex]Na_{2} O[/tex] x (1 mol [tex]OH^{-}[/tex]/1 mol [tex]Na_{2} O[/tex]) = 0.00242 mol [tex]OH^{-}[/tex]
Next, we can calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution, which is given by:
[[tex]OH^{-}[/tex]] = moles of [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] / volume of solution in liters
[[tex]OH^{-}[/tex]] = 0.00242 mol / (119.5 mL x 1 L/1000 mL) = 0.0203 M
Finally, we can calculate the pH of the solution using the equation:
pH = 14 - log [[tex]OH^{-}[/tex]]
pH = 14 - log (0.0203) = 11.69
Therefore, the pH of the solution prepared by dissolving 0.15 g of sodium oxide in water is 11.69 to two decimal places.
Learn more about sodium oxide
https://brainly.com/question/29172011
#SPJ4
what happens to the percent yield of alum if too much sulfuric acid was added?
If too much sulfuric acid is added during the formation of alum, the percent yield may decrease. Sulfuric acid can react with the aluminum compound and create a by product, decrease the amount of alum produced.
According to the definition of percent yield, it is the percentage of actual yield to potential yield.
Simply dividing the theoretical yield by the actual yield and multiplying the result by 100 to obtain the result in percentage form allowed us to calculate the product's percent yield. Additionally, excess sulfuric acid can cause the reaction to become too acidic, which can also decrease the yield. This is because an excess of sulfuric acid can lead to side reactions, producing unwanted by products, and consuming some of the desired reactants. As a result, less alum is formed, leading to a lower percent yield. Therefore, it is important to add the correct amount of sulfuric acid to the reaction mixture in order to achieve the highest possible percent yield of alum.
Learn more about percent yield here
https://brainly.com/question/17042787
#SPJ11
Draw the structures for each of the alcohols and USE ARIO to rank them in order of these relative acidities. Explain how you used ARIO. 1-Butanol, 2-Propanol(isopropanol), 2-Methyl-2-propanol(tert-Butanol), Phenol
What base can you use to deprotonate each of the alcohols
How would you use one of these specific tests in a specific different application? such as lucas tesr, ferric chloride, chromic acid,iodoform.
The relative acidities of 1-Butanol, 2-Propanol, 2-Methyl-2-propanol, and Phenol are ranked using ARIO as follows Phenol > 2-Methyl-2-propanol > 2-Propanol > 1-Butanol.
A strong base like sodium hydride (NaH) can deprotonate these alcohols.
The Ferric chloride test can be used to detect the presence of phenolic groups.
1. Atom: Phenol has the most acidic proton since it is attached to an oxygen atom in an aromatic ring.
2. Resonance: Phenol's acidity is further increased due to resonance stabilization of the resulting phenoxide ion.
3. Induction: 2-Methyl-2-propanol has a more acidic proton due to the electron-withdrawing inductive effect of the three methyl groups.
4. Orbitals: 2-Propanol and 1-Butanol have sp3 hybridized carbon atoms, making them less acidic than the others.
Ferric chloride test application: To test for the presence of phenolic groups, mix a few drops of the compound with a few drops of 1% aqueous ferric chloride solution. A positive test will show a color change, usually to purple or blue.
To know more about resonance stabilization click on below link:
https://brainly.com/question/31040880#
#SPJ11
The hydroxide ion concentration of an aqueous solution of 0.355 M hydrocyanic acid is [OH-] = _______ M. The pH of an aqueous solution of 0.595 M acetic acid is______
The hydroxide ion concentration of an aqueous solution of 0.355 M hydrocyanic acid is 7.27 x 10⁻⁶ M.
How we can hydrocyanic aqueous solution of acetic acid?To find the hydroxide ion concentration of an aqueous solution of 0.355 M hydrocyanic acid, we need to first write the balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of hydrocyanic acid in water:
[tex]HCN + H2O[/tex]⇌ [tex]H3O+ + CN-[/tex]
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, for hydrocyanic acid is 4.9 x 10⁻¹°. We can write the expression for the acid dissociation constant:
Ka =[tex][H3O+][CN-] / [HCN][/tex]
Since we are looking for the hydroxide ion concentration, [OH-], we can use the relationship between the concentration of hydroxide ions and the concentration of hydronium ions:
Kw = [tex][H3O+][OH-][/tex]
At 25°C, the value of the ion product constant, Kw, is 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁴. Using the expression for Kw, we can find the concentration of hydroxide ions:
[tex][OH-][/tex] = [tex]Kw / [H3O+][/tex]
[tex][OH-][/tex]= [tex]1.0 x 10⁻¹⁴ / [H3O+][/tex]
To find [H3O+], we can use the expression for the acid dissociation constant and the concentration of hydrocyanic acid:
Ka = [tex][H3O+][CN-] / [HCN][/tex]
[tex][H3O+][/tex] = [tex]Ka x [HCN] / [CN-][/tex]
Substituting this into the expression for [OH-], we get:
[tex][OH-][/tex] = 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁴ / [tex](Ka x [HCN] / [CN-])[/tex]
[tex][OH-][/tex] = [tex]([CN-] / Ka) x (1 / [HCN])[/tex] x 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁴
[tex][OH-][/tex]= (0.355 M / 4.9 x 10⁻¹°) x (1 / 0.355 M) x 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁴
[tex][OH-][/tex]= 7.27 x 10⁻⁶ M
To find the pH of an aqueous solution of 0.595 M acetic acid, we need to first write the balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of acetic acid in water:
[tex]CH3COOH + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + CH3COO-[/tex]
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, for acetic acid is 1.8 x 10⁻⁵. We can write the expression for the acid dissociation constant:
Ka = [tex][H3O+][CH3COO-] / [CH3COOH][/tex]
To find the pH, we can use the relationship between the concentration of hydronium ions and the pH:
pH = -log[tex][H3O+][/tex]
To find [H3O+], we can use the expression for the acid dissociation constant and the concentration of acetic acid:
Ka = [tex][H3O+][CH3COO-] / [CH3COOH][/tex]
[tex][H3O+][/tex] = Ka x [tex][CH3COOH] / [CH3COO-][/tex]
Substituting this into the expression for pH, we get:
pH = -log[tex](Ka x [CH3COOH] / [CH3COO-])[/tex]
pH = -log(Ka) - log[tex]([CH3COOH] / [CH3COO-])[/tex]
pH = -log(1.8 x 10⁻⁵) - log(0.595 [tex]M / [CH[/tex]
Learn more about hydrocyanic
brainly.com/question/28590511
#SPJ11
How many atoms are contained in 6 grams of carbon monoxide CO?
Answer: There are nine atoms in carbon monoxide (CO). One atom of carbon (C) and one atom of oxygen (O).
Explanation:
How many kilograms of sodium chloride will be needed to produce 17kg of chlorine?
To make 17 kg of chlorine, around 7.0031 kg of sodium chloride will be required.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is generally electrolyzed to produce chlorine in a procedure known as chloralkali electrolysis.
The Chemical Equation for this reaction is:
2 NaCl + 2 H₂O → 2 NaOH + Cl₂ + H₂
According to this equation, 1 mole of Cl₂ is created for every 2 moles of NaCl.
NaCl has a molar mass of roughly 58.44 g/mol, while Cl₂ has a molar mass of roughly 70.90 g/mol.
We must first determine the number of moles of Cl₂ created in order to determine the quantity of NaCl necessary to make 17 kg of Cl₂:
Number of moles of Cl₂ = (17 kg) / (70.90 g/mol) = 240.03 mol
We just require half as many moles of NaCl since 1 mole of Cl₂ is created from 2 moles of NaCl:
Number of moles of NaCl = 1/2 × 240.03 mol = 120.015 mol
Finally, we can determine the necessary mass of NaCl:
Mass of NaCl = (120.015 mol) × (58.44 g/mol) = 7,003.1 g = 7.0031 kg
In order to make 17 kg of chlorine, roughly 7.0031 kg of sodium chloride will be required.
To learn more about Stoichiometry:
https://brainly.com/question/14935523
Consider the following reaction, which is thought to occur in a single step.
OH ˉ +CH3Br → CH3OH+Brˉ
What is the rate law?
The rate law for this reaction is derived from the rate equation, which is defined as the rate of reaction divided by the concentrations of the reactants. The rate law for this reaction is typically written as rate = k[OH⁻][CH₃Br], where k is the rate constant.
This means that the rate of this reaction is directly proportional to the concentrations of OH⁻ and CH₃Br. This indicates that the reaction rate increases as the concentrations of the reactants increase.
The rate law describes how the rate of a reaction changes with respect to changes in the concentrations of the reactants. It is determined by experimentally measuring the rate of the reaction at various concentrations of the reactants.
This rate law describes the rate of the reaction when the concentrations of the reactants are varied while all other factors, such as temperature and pressure, remain constant.
know more about reactants here
https://brainly.com/question/17096236#
#SPJ11
What mass in grams of Na2S2O3 is needed to dissolve 4.7 g of AgBr in a solution volume of 1.0 L, given that Ksp for AgBr is 3.3 x 10^-13 and Kq for [Ag(S,O3)213- is 4.7 x 10^13?
To dissolve 4.7 g of AgBr, you need 22.2 g of Na₂S₂O₃.
To find the mass of Na₂S₂O₃ needed, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the moles of AgBr: 4.7 g / 187.77 g/mol (molar mass of AgBr) = 0.025 mol AgBr.
2. Use the Ksp value to determine the concentration of Ag⁺ ions: [Ag⁺] = √(Ksp) = √(3.3 x 10⁻¹³) = 1.82 x 10⁻⁷ M.
3. Calculate the moles of Ag⁺ ions: (1.82 x 10⁻⁷ M) x 1.0 L = 1.82 x 10⁻⁷ mol Ag⁺.
4. Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the moles of Na₂S₂O₃ needed: 1 mol Na₂S₂O₃ / 2 mol Ag⁺ = 0.5 mol Na₂S₂O₃/mol Ag⁺.
5. Calculate the moles of Na₂S₂O₃ required: 0.5 mol Na₂S₂O₃/mol Ag⁺ x 1.82 x 10⁻⁷ mol Ag⁺ = 9.1 x 10⁻⁸ mol Na₂S₂O₃.
6. Convert moles of Na₂S₂O₃ to grams: 9.1 x 10⁻⁸ mol Na₂S₂O₃ x 158.11 g/mol (molar mass of Na₂S₂O₃) = 22.2 g Na₂S₂O₃.
To know more about molar mass click on below link:
https://brainly.com/question/22997914#
#SPJ11
When the pressure is increased on the following system at equilibrium, 3H2(g) + N2(g) =2 NH3(g), by decreasing the volume to half of the initial volume, A. In order to restore equilibrium, the reaction shifts right, toward products B. In order to restore equilibrium, the reaction shifts left toward reactants C. No change occurs D. None of the above
There are 4 moles of gas on the left side (3H2 + N2) and 2 moles on the right side (2NH3), the reaction will shift right, toward products, to restore equilibrium. Therefore, the correct answer is A. In order to restore equilibrium, the reaction shifts right, toward products.
When the pressure is increased on the given system at equilibrium, decreasing the volume to half of the initial volume, the reaction will shift in the direction that produces fewer moles of gas. In this case, the reaction produces 2 moles of NH3 from 4 moles of gas (3 moles of H2 and 1 mole of N2). Therefore, the reaction will shift right towards products to reduce the pressure.
So, the correct answer is A. In order to restore equilibrium, the reaction shifts right, toward products.
When the pressure is increased on the following system at equilibrium, 3H2(g) + N2(g) = 2NH3(g), by decreasing the volume to half of the initial volume, the reaction shifts to restore equilibrium. According to Le Chatelier's principle, the system will shift to counteract the change in pressure. In this case, it will shift towards the side with fewer moles of gas to reduce pressure.
Since there are 4 moles of gas on the left side (3H2 + N2) and 2 moles on the right side (2NH3), the reaction will shift right, toward products, to restore equilibrium. Therefore, the correct answer is A. In order to restore equilibrium, the reaction shifts right, toward products.
To learn more about Moles, click here:
brainly.com/question/26416088
#SPJ11
between a water molecule and a cation, like na , a _____a_____ occurs between a _____b_____ of the water molecule and the cation.
Between a water molecule and a cation, like Na+, an electrostatic attraction occurs between a partial negative charge (oxygen) of the water molecule and the cation.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1. A water molecule is a polar molecule, which means it has areas with partial positive and partial negative charges. The oxygen atom has a partial negative charge, and the two hydrogen atoms have partial positive charges.
2. A cation, like Na+, is a positively charged ion.
3. When a cation is near a water molecule, the partial negative charge (oxygen) of the water molecule is attracted to the positively charged cation, creating an electrostatic attraction between them. This interaction is also called ion-dipole interaction.
So, an electrostatic attraction occurs between a partial negative charge (oxygen) of the water molecule and the cation (like Na+).
Learn more about cations at https://brainly.com/question/30754382
#SPJ11
What is the ph of the resulting solution if 25.00 ml of 0.10 m acetic acid is added to 10.00 ml of 0.10 m NaOH? assume that the volumes of the solutions are additive. ka = 1.8 × 10^-5 for CH3CO2h.
The pH of the resulting solution if 25.00 ml of 0.10 m acetic acid is added to 10.00 ml of 0.10 m NaOH is 5.80.
To solve this problem, we need to use the equation for the acid-base reaction between acetic acid and sodium hydroxide:
CH₃CO₂H + NaOH → CH₃CO₂Na + H₂O
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of acetic acid and sodium hydroxide:
n(acetic acid) = V(acetic acid) x C(acetic acid) = 25.00 mL x 0.10 mol/L = 0.00250 mol
n(sodium hydroxide) = V(sodium hydroxide) x C(sodium hydroxide) = 10.00 mL x 0.10 mol/L = 0.00100 mol
Next, we need to determine the limiting reagent. Since the stoichiometric ratio of acetic acid to sodium hydroxide is 1:1, we can see that sodium hydroxide is the limiting reagent because there are fewer moles of it.
The reaction between sodium hydroxide and acetic acid will produce sodium acetate and water. We can calculate the number of moles of sodium acetate produced using the balanced equation:
n(sodium acetate) = n(sodium hydroxide) = 0.00100 mol
Now, we need to calculate the concentration of acetic acid and acetate ion in the final solution. Since the volumes are additive, the total volume of the solution is:
V(total) = V(acetic acid) + V(sodium hydroxide) = 25.00 mL + 10.00 mL = 35.00 mL = 0.035 L
The concentration of acetate ion is equal to the moles of acetate ion divided by the total volume of the solution:
C(acetate ion) = n(sodium acetate) / V(total) = 0.00100 mol / 0.035 L = 0.0286 mol/L
Finally, we can calculate the pH of the resulting solution using the Ka expression for acetic acid:
Ka = [H⁺][CH₃CO₂⁻]/[CH₃CO₂H]
[H⁺] = Ka x [CH₃CO₂H] / [CH₃CO₂⁻]
[H⁺] = [tex](1.8 * 10^{-5})[/tex] x (0.00250 mol/L) / (0.0286 mol/L)
[H⁺] = [tex]1.57 * 10^{-6} M[/tex]
pH = -log[H⁺]
pH = [tex]-log(1.57 * 10^{-6})[/tex]
pH = 5.80
Therefore, the pH of the resulting solution is 5.80.
To know more about pH, refer to the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/16639754#
#SPJ11
determine whether each salt is generally classified as soluble or insoluble in water.
MgCO₃ =
Ba(NO₃)₂ =
Ca₃(PO₄)₂ =
AgBr =
Ag₂SO₄ =
Na₂SO₄ =
NaNO₃ =
Al₂(SO₄)₃ =
Soluble salts in water: Ba(NO₃)₂, Na₂SO₄, NaNO₃, Al₂(SO₄)₃ and insoluble salts are: MgCO₃, Ca₃(PO₄)₂, AgBr, Ag₂SO₄.
To determine whether each salt is generally classified as soluble or insoluble in water, consider the following guidelines:
1. Most nitrate (NO₃⁻) and alkali metal (Group 1) salts are soluble.
2. Most sulfate (SO₄²⁻) salts are soluble, with some exceptions.
3. Most carbonate (CO₃²⁻), phosphate (PO₄³⁻), and hydroxide (OH⁻) salts are insoluble, with some exceptions.
4. Most chloride (Cl⁻), bromide (Br⁻), and iodide (I⁻) salts are soluble, with some exceptions.
Based on these guidelines:
MgCO₃ = Insoluble (carbonate)
Ba(NO₃)₂ = Soluble (nitrate)
Ca₃(PO₄)₂ = Insoluble (phosphate)
AgBr = Insoluble (exception to halides)
Ag₂SO₄ = Insoluble (exception to sulfates)
Na₂SO₄ = Soluble (sulfate)
NaNO₃ = Soluble (nitrate)
Al₂(SO₄)₃ = Soluble (sulfate)
Know more about Salts here:
https://brainly.com/question/14467184
#SPJ11
When 2.65 g of an unknown weak acid (HA) with a molar mass of 85.0 g/mol is dissolved in 250.0 g of water, the freezing point of the resulting solution is -0.259 ?C. Part A Calculate Ka for the unknown weak acid.
When 2.65 g of an unknown weak acid (HA) with a molar mass of 85.0 g/mol is dissolved in 250.0 g of water, the Kₐ for the unknown weak acid is 2.367 × 10⁻⁴
We know that,
dT = Kf ×molality × i
= Kf×m×i
"i" is the van't Hoff factor.
Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute divided by the mass of solvent in kg.
i.e. molality
= (no of moles of solute) / Kg of solvent
= 2.65g /250g x 1 mol /85 g x1000g/kg
=0.1247 moles
and Kf for water = - 1.86 and dT = -0.259
by substitution
0.259 = 1.86× 0.1247 × i
Therefore, i = 1.116
when the degree of dissociation formula is:
when n=2 and i = 1.116
a= i-1/n-1
= (1.116 -1)/(2-1)
= 0.116
Substituting these values to find Kₐ
∴K = Ca^2/(1-a)
= (0.1247 × 0.116)² / (1-0.116)
= 2.367 × 10⁻⁴
To know more about Kₐ here
https://brainly.com/question/9173788
#SPJ4
: A 25 ml solution of HBr is completely neutralized by 18 mL of 1.0 M LiOH. What is the concentration of the HBr solution? Would you consider the acid solution to be concentrated or dilute? Justify your answer. Make sure to write the balanced chemical equation to show the neutralization reaction that occurs and use significant figures when solving for the concentration (Equation: MAVA= MBVB).
The HBr solution with a concentration of 0.72 M would be considered concentrated.
The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction between HBr and LiOH is:
HBr + LiOH → LiBr + H2O
According to the equation, 1 mole of HBr reacts with 1 mole of LiOH to produce 1 mole of water.
Using the given volume and concentration of LiOH, we can calculate the number of moles of LiOH used:
moles of LiOH = M x V = 1.0 M x 0.018 L = 0.018 moles
Since the reaction is 1:1 between HBr and LiOH, the number of moles of HBr present in the 25 mL solution is also 0.018 moles.
Using the equation MAVA= MBVB, we can solve for the concentration of the HBr solution:
MA = (MB x VB) / VA = (1.0 M x 0.018 L) / 0.025 L = 0.72 M
Therefore, the concentration of the HBr solution is 0.72 M.
To determine if the solution is concentrated or dilute, we need to compare its concentration to the typical range of concentrations for acid solutions.
Acid solutions with concentrations less than 0.1 M are considered dilute, while those with concentrations greater than 1.0 M are considered concentrated.
learn more about moles here:
https://brainly.com/question/28239680
#SPJ11
The HBr solution with a concentration of 0.72 M would be considered concentrated.
The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction between HBr and LiOH is:
HBr + LiOH → LiBr + H2O
According to the equation, 1 mole of HBr reacts with 1 mole of LiOH to produce 1 mole of water.
Using the given volume and concentration of LiOH, we can calculate the number of moles of LiOH used:
moles of LiOH = M x V = 1.0 M x 0.018 L = 0.018 moles
Since the reaction is 1:1 between HBr and LiOH, the number of moles of HBr present in the 25 mL solution is also 0.018 moles.
Using the equation MAVA= MBVB, we can solve for the concentration of the HBr solution:
MA = (MB x VB) / VA = (1.0 M x 0.018 L) / 0.025 L = 0.72 M
Therefore, the concentration of the HBr solution is 0.72 M.
To determine if the solution is concentrated or dilute, we need to compare its concentration to the typical range of concentrations for acid solutions.
Acid solutions with concentrations less than 0.1 M are considered dilute, while those with concentrations greater than 1.0 M are considered concentrated.
learn more about moles here:
https://brainly.com/question/28239680
#SPJ11
using the chemical equation from the previous problem (question 4), identify the spectator ions:- Phosphide ion- Phosphite ion - Barium ion - Phosphate ion - Sulfate ion - Sulfite ion - Beryllium ion - Ammonium ion - Sulfide ionThe equation is 2(NH4)3PO4+3BaS=3(NH4)2S+Ba3(PO4)2
Ammonium ion (NH4+) and Phosphate ion (PO4^3-) are the spectators ions.
In the given chemical equation, 2(NH4)3PO4 + 3BaS → 3(NH4)2S + Ba3(PO4)2, the spectator ions are those that appear in both the reactants and products of the reaction, but do not undergo any chemical change. In this case, the ammonium ion (NH4+) and phosphate ion (PO43-) are spectator ions. They appear in both the reactant (NH4)3PO4 and product NH4)2S and Ba3(PO4)2 respectively.
However, the phosphide ion (P3-), phosphite ion (PO33-), sulfate ion (SO42-), sulfite ion (SO32-), and beryllium ion (Be2+) are the ions involved in the chemical reaction. These ions react with each other and result in the formation of new compounds.
It is essential to identify the spectator ions in a chemical equation to determine the actual reactants and products involved in the reaction. This information is crucial in determining the stoichiometry of the reaction and calculating the amount of product formed or reactant consumed, Thus, identifying the spectator ions helps in the accurate representation of the chemical reaction and its various aspects.
Know more about Stoichiometry here:
https://brainly.com/question/22288091
#SPJ11
Whenever a gas expands isothermally, such as when you exhale or when a flask is opened, the gas undergoes an increase in entropy. A sample of methane gas of mass 15 g at 260 K and 105 kPa expands isothermally and (a) revers- ibly, (b) irreversibly until its pressure is 1.50 kPa. Calculate the change in entropy of the gas.
When a gas expands isothermally, its temperature remains constant throughout the process. Therefore, the change in entropy can be calculated using the equation:
ΔS = nRln(V₂/V₁)
where ΔS is the change in entropy, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, V₁ is the initial volume, and V₂ is the final volume.
(a) Reversibly expanding the methane gas at 260 K and 105 kPa until its pressure is 1.50 kPa, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the initial volume:
PV = nRT
V₁ = (nRT)/P₁ = (15 g)/(16.043 g/mol) x (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)) x 260 K/105 kPa = 0.286 L
Similarly, we can calculate the final volume:
V₂ = (nRT)/P₂ = (15 g)/(16.043 g/mol) x (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)) x 260 K/1.50 kPa = 5.00 L
Substituting these values into the entropy equation, we get:
ΔS = (15 g)/(16.043 g/mol) x (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)) x ln(5.00 L/0.286 L) = 25.1 J/K
Therefore, the change in entropy of the methane gas when it isothermally and reversibly expands from 105 kPa to 1.50 kPa is 25.1 J/K.
(b) Irreversibly expanding the methane gas until its pressure is 1.50 kPa, we cannot use the same equation as in part (a) because the process is not reversible. Instead, we need to use the equation:
ΔS = q/T
where q is the heat transferred and T is the temperature.
Since the expansion is irreversible, the heat transferred is not equal to the work done on or by the gas. However, we can use the fact that the internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on its temperature to write:
ΔU = 0 = q - w
where ΔU is the change in internal energy and w is the work done on or by the gas. Since the expansion is isothermally and the temperature remains constant, we can write:
w = nRTln(V₂/V₁) = -q
Therefore, the heat transferred can be calculated as:
q = -nRTln(V₂/V₁)
Substituting this into the entropy equation, we get:
ΔS = -(15 g)/(16.043 g/mol) x (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)) x ln(5.00 L/0.286 L) / 260 K = 22.1 J/K
Therefore, the change in entropy of the methane gas when it isothermally and irreversibly expands from 105 kPa to 1.50 kPa is 22.1 J/K.
Learn more about internal energy here:
https://brainly.com/question/11742607
#SPJ11
H2SO4 is a stronger acid than H2SO3 because:
a. It has more oxygens to stengthen the H-O bond
b. it had more oxygens to weaken the H-O bond
c. The extra oxygen donates electrons to the H-O bond
d. The extra oxygen makes the H-S bind shorter
The reason why [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] is a stronger acid than [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex] is due to the presence of more oxygen atoms in its structure. This is because oxygen has a higher electronegativity than sulfur, meaning that it attracts electrons more strongly. The correct option is c.
As a result, the oxygen atoms in [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] can more effectively pull electrons away from the hydrogen atom that is bonded to them, weakening the H-O bond and making it more likely to dissociate and release H+ ions.
Furthermore, the extra oxygen atom in [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] can also donate electrons to the H-O bond, further destabilizing it and making it easier to break. This donation of electrons is due to the lone pairs of electrons present on the oxygen atom, which can interact with the positively charged hydrogen ion and facilitate its release.
On the other hand, [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex] has fewer oxygen atoms in its structure and hence a weaker ability to attract and donate electrons. As a result, the H-O bond in [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex] is stronger and less likely to dissociate, making it a weaker acid than [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex].
Additionally, the extra oxygen atom in [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] does not affect the length of the H-S bond, as this bond is not directly affected by the presence of oxygen. Therefore, options b and d are incorrect.
In summary, the stronger acid strength of [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] compared to [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex] is due to the extra oxygen atoms in its structure, which enhance the electronegativity and electron-donating ability of the molecule, leading to a weaker H-O bond and easier dissociation of H+ ions.
Here you can learn more about electronegativity
https://brainly.com/question/17762711#
#SPJ11
What concentration of aqueous NH3 is necessary to just start precipitation of Mn(OH)2 from a 0.020 M solution MnSO4? Kb for NH3 is 1.8 × 10−5 and Ksp for Mn(OH)2 is 4.6 × 10−14.
a. 1.4 × 10^−5 M
b. 3.7 × 10^−7 M
c. 1.6 × 10^−6 M
d. 1.3 × 10^−7 M
e. 8.4 × 10^−2 M
The concentration of aqueous NH3 required to just start precipitation of Mn(OH)2 from a 0.020 M solution of MnSO4 is 8.4 × 10^−2 M
To determine the concentration of aqueous NH3 necessary to just start precipitation of Mn(OH)2 from a 0.020 M solution of MnSO4, we need to use the given Kb for NH3 and the Ksp for Mn(OH)2.
First, find the concentration of OH- ions needed to start the precipitation using the Ksp expression for Mn(OH)2:
Ksp = [Mn2+][OH-]^2
4.6 × 10^−14 = (0.020)[OH-]^2
Solve for [OH-]:
[OH-] = √(4.6 × 10^−14 / 0.020) ≈ 4.8 × 10^−7 M
Now, use the Kb expression for NH3 to find the required concentration of NH3:
Kb = [NH4+][OH-] / [NH3]
1.8 × 10^−5 = [NH4+][4.8 × 10^−7] / [NH3]
Assume that [NH4+] and [OH-] are equal since they come from the same source (NH3). Therefore:
1.8 × 10^−5 = [4.8 × 10^−7]^2 / [NH3]
Solve for [NH3]:
[NH3] ≈ 8.4 × 10^−2 M
Your answer: e. 8.4 × 10^−2 M
Know more about Ksp here:
https://brainly.com/question/27132799
#SPJ11
calculate the solubility of iron(ii) hydroxide (ksp=4.87×10−17)(ksp=4.87×10−17) in pure water in grams per 100.0 mlml of solution.
The solubility product expression for iron(II) hydroxide, Fe(OH)2, is:
Ksp = [Fe2+][OH-]^2 = 4.87×10^-17
Let's assume that the initial concentration of Fe2+ and OH- ions in pure water is x M. Then, the equilibrium concentration of Fe2+ and OH- ions will also be x M.
Therefore, the solubility product expression becomes:
Ksp = x * (2x)^2 = 4x^3
Solving for x:
4x^3 = 4.87×10^-17
x^3 = 1.2175×10^-17
x = (1.2175×10^-17)^(1/3)
x = 2.312×10^-6 M
The solubility of Fe(OH)2 is equal to the concentration of Fe2+ ions, which is x.
To convert this to grams per 100.0 ml of solution, we need to multiply by the molar mass of Fe(OH)2 and the volume of the solution:
solubility = x * molar mass * 100 / volume
Assuming the molar mass of Fe(OH)2 is 89.86 g/mol and the volume of the solution is 100.0 ml, we get:
solubility = (2.312×10^-6 M) * (89.86 g/mol) * 100 / 100.0 ml
solubility = 0.00208 g/100.0 ml
Therefore, the solubility of iron(II) hydroxide in pure water is 0.00208 g/100.0 ml of solution.
*IG:whis.sama_ent*
Given the nitration reaction for this modulared2 247 g of methyl benzoate and 2.2 ml of concentrated nitric acid, what was the limiting reagent? A. Water B. Methyl benzoate C, Nitric acid D. Methyl 3-nitrobenzoate
The limiting reagent is Nitric acid (Option C)
How to determine the limiting reagent?To determine the limiting reagent, we need to calculate the number of moles of each reactant and compare their mole ratios with the balanced equation.
The balanced equation for the nitration of methyl benzoate is:
C₆H₅COOCH₃ + HNO₃ → C₆H₄(NO₂)COOCH₃ + H₂O
The molar mass of methyl benzoate (C₆H₅COOCH₃) is:
Methyl benzoate = 151.16 g/mol
Number of moles of methyl benzoate used:
n = m/M = 247 g / 151.16 g/mol = 1.635 mol
The density of concentrated nitric acid is 1.42 g/mL, and its molar mass is 63.01 g/mol. Therefore, 2.2 mL of concentrated nitric acid is equal to:
m = V x ρ = 2.2 mL x 1.42 g/mL = 3.124 g
Number of moles of nitric acid used:
n = m/M = 3.124 g / 63.01 g/mol = 0.0495 mol
Using the balanced equation, the mole ratio between methyl benzoate and nitric acid is 1:1. Therefore, the limiting reagent is nitric acid since it is present in a lower amount than the amount required for the reaction to occur completely.
Answer: C. Nitric acid is the limiting reagent.
Learn more about Limiting reagent
brainly.com/question/26905271
#SPJ11
consider the following reaction and its δ∘ at 25.00 °c. fe2 (aq) zn(s)⟶fe(s) zn2 (aq)δ∘=−60.73 kj/mol calculate the standard cell potential, ∘cell, for the reaction.
The standard cell potential for the reaction is 0.315 V.
To calculate the standard cell potential (E°cell) for the given reaction, we can use the following equation:
E°cell = -ΔG° / (n * F)
Where:
- ΔG° is the standard Gibbs free energy change (-60.73 kJ/mol)
- n is the number of moles of electrons transferred in the reaction
- F is the Faraday constant (96,485 C/mol)
First, we need to determine the number of moles of electrons transferred (n) in the reaction. To do this, we look at the balanced half-reactions:
Fe²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Fe(s) [Reduction]
Zn(s) → Zn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ [Oxidation]
In both half-reactions, there are 2 moles of electrons transferred. So, n = 2.
Now, we can plug the values into the equation:
E°cell = -(-60.73 kJ/mol) / (2 * 96,485 C/mol)
E°cell = 60.73 kJ/mol / (2 * 96,485 C/mol)
Note that we need to convert kJ to J:
E°cell = 60,730 J/mol / (2 * 96,485 C/mol)
Now, solve for E°cell:
E°cell = 0.315 V
To know more about cell potential here:
https://brainly.com/question/29653954#
#SPJ11