Below is a list of variables that Hawkins used in the life cycle assessment model. Sort each of the variables depending on if it is associated with ICEVs, EVs, or both.
ICEVs only
EVs only
Both ICEVs and EVs
CO2 emitted by burning gasoline per kilometer traveled
CO2 emitted in gathering and building specialized batteries
CO2 emitted by different forms of electricity generation
Number of kilometers a car can travel on a kilowatt-hour of electricity
CO2 emitted in gathering materials to build the car
Number of kilometers driven
CO2 emitted in building the car
CO2 associated with vehicle disposal

Answers

Answer 1

ICEVs only: CO2 emitted by burning gasoline per kilometer traveled, CO2 emitted in gathering materials to build the car, CO2 emitted in building the car.

EVs only: CO2 emitted in gathering and building specialized batteries, Number of kilometers a car can travel on a kilowatt-hour of electricity.

Both ICEVs and EVs: CO2 emitted by different forms of electricity generation, Number of kilometers driven, CO2 associated with vehicle disposal.

The variables associated with ICEVs only include CO2 emitted by burning gasoline per kilometer traveled, CO2 emitted in gathering materials to build the car, and CO2 emitted in building the car. These factors are specific to internal combustion engine vehicles that rely on burning gasoline as fuel.

The variables associated with EVs only include CO2 emitted in gathering and building specialized batteries, which pertains to the unique environmental impact of manufacturing batteries for electric vehicles, and the number of kilometers a car can travel on a kilowatt-hour of electricity, which reflects the efficiency of electric vehicles in terms of distance covered per unit of electricity consumed.

The variables associated with both ICEVs and EVs include CO2 emitted by different forms of electricity generation, as the source of electricity affects the environmental impact of both types of vehicles. Additionally, the number of kilometers driven applies to both ICEVs and EVs, as it represents the distance traveled regardless of the propulsion system. Lastly, CO2 associated with vehicle disposal applies to both vehicle types, as end-of-life considerations are relevant to their overall environmental impact.

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Related Questions

how does oxygen and carbon dioxide levels change over time?

Answers

Answer:

In the capillaries, oxygen flows rapidly through the blood through this air-blood barrier. Closely, carbon dioxide flows into the alveoli from the blood and is then exhaled.

Explanation:

What is the most important organ of the male reproductive system? Why?

Answers

well if we’re talking about the reproductive system...
i’d say it’s the testicles because they’re responsible for making testosterone (which is the main male sex hormone) , and for producing sperm

I need help with this ASAP please!!!

Answers

Answer:

A = water

B= Glucose

C = Oxygen(O2)

Explanation:

Base your answer to the question on the chemical reaction below.

If the chemical reaction takes place in an organism that requires sunlight to produce substance X, the organism must be

1. a heterotroph
2. an annelid
3. an autotroph
4. a fungus​

Answers

Answer: 3 an autotroph

Why? Autotrophs are an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.

Hope this helps :D

Plants and animals have a mutualistic relationship. Explain how.

Answers

Answer:

They connect through a cycle

Explanation:

Both plants and animals can be a food source for animals. Plants also create an environment so that animals can live with less complications

Why is the sea otter's diet of seafood a problem with some of the fisherman?

Answers

Answer:

Sea otters, because of their eating habits, are considered a “keystone predator,” predators that keep the ecosystem balanced. ... When not enough otters are around to eat the sea urchins, the urchin colonies grow unchecked and “urchin barrens” increase.

Explanation:

Identical twins, who have inherited a gene associated with obesity, are adopted by different families. One is growing up in a very health-conscious family, while the other is growing up in a family that eats a lot of fast food and never exercises. Which statement describes their likely weights upon reaching adulthood?

A.
They will both be overweight because they both have the gene associated with obesity.

B.
They will both be of average weight because their genes will mutate as they grow and develop.

C.
The weight of the twins is difficult to predict because both genes and environmental factors affect weight.

D.
One twin will be overweight and the other will be of average weight, because they were raised in different environments.

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

this statement is true and no matter what the genes say environmental parts play a huge role

A student is given a tissue sample to examine under a microscope . Which of the following would be evidence that the tissue sample she's examining is from a plant?

1. Prokaryote , cell wall

2.Eukaryote, cell membrane, presence of mitochondria

3. Prokaryote , cell membrane , presence of a flagellum

4. Eukaryote , cell wall , presence of chloroplasts

Answers

It’s the 4th choice

Which of the following best describes continental drift?
A. There is no evidence that the plates move
B. The plates move about 1 inch per year.
C. The plates move about 30 kilometers per year.
D. It has never happened.​

Answers

Answer:
B- the plates move at about one inch per year

Explanation:

The two continents are moving away from each other at the rate of about 2.5 centimeters (1 inch) per year. Therefore, the plates move about an inch a year!

I hoped this helped my darling!

Choose the mole-mole factors for the following equation. 4P(s) +502 (s) → 2P2O5 (s) P and O₂ Submit Part E P and P2O5 Submit Part F 5 moles P 4 moles Og 4 moles P 5 moles Og O2 and P2O5 1 mole P 2 moles 02 Request Answer and and Request Answer and 1 mole P 4 moles P₂O5 2 moles P 4 moles P₂O5 4 moles P 2 moles P₂O5 2 moles 0₂ 7 moles P205 5 moles O₂ 2 moles P₂O5 2 moles 0₂ 5 moles P₂O5 4 moles Og 5 moles P 5 moles Os 4 moles P 2 moles O₂ 1 mole P and and and and and and 4 moles P205 1 mole P 4 moles P2O5 2 moles P 2 moles PO. 4 moles P 7 moles P₂O5 2 moles O₂ 2 moles P₂O, 5 moles O₂ 5 moles P2O5 2 moles O₂

Answers

4 moles P: 2 moles P2O5 and 5 moles O2: 2 moles P2O5 option (d) are the correct mole-mole factors for the given equation.

The mole-mole factors for the equation

4P(s) + 5O2(g) → 2P2O5(s)

are as follows:

4 moles P: 2 moles P2O5

5 moles O2: 2 moles P2O5

Balanced chemical equation:

4P(s) + 5O2(g) → 2P2O5(s)

The mole-mole factors are the stoichiometric coefficients of the given balanced chemical equation.The given equation represents the reaction between P (solid) and O2 (gas) to form P2O5 (solid). Therefore, the mole-mole factors for the equation are:4 moles P: 2 moles P2O55 moles O2: 2 moles P2O5. Therefore, option (d) 4 moles P: 2 moles P2O5 and 5 moles O2: 2 moles P2O5 are the correct mole-mole factors for the given equation.

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Which of the following are essential properties of successfully developing T cells? MHC resistance and high affinity MHC resistance and self-tolerance high affinity and self selection MHC restriction and self-tolerance MHC restriction and apoptosis

Answers

MHC restriction and self-tolerance are crucial traits for growing T cells to have. The answer is MHC restriction and self-tolerance.

The capacity of T lymphocytes to identify and engage with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that show antigens attached to MHC molecules is known as MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) limitation. In the thymus, T cells go through a process known as a positive selection in which they are chosen based on their capacity to recognize self-MHC molecules. By doing this, T cells are guaranteed to only be able to recognize and react to antigens that are presented by MHC molecules that are unique to their own species.

The capacity of T cells to identify and tolerate self-antigens is referred to as self-tolerance. In the thymus, T cells go through a process known as negative selection in which T cells that exhibit a high response to self-antigens are destroyed by apoptosis (programmed cell death). This procedure aids in stopping the growth of T cells that may otherwise assault the body's own tissues.

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What is a wetland?

A]an ecosystem that is made up of salt water at least part of the year
B]an ecosystem in which plant roots are submerged during some part of the year
C]an ecosystem in which half the area is wet and the other half is dry
D]an ecosystem with running water at least part of the year

Answers

Answer:

A:)))))

Explanation:

hope this helps:))))))))))))))

Pls help meeee I’m stuck and thank you so much

Answers

Answer:

The answers is b

Chapter 21.1 Review
1. What characteristics of living things do viruses have?

2. Compare and Contrast How is viral reproduction different from that of cell-based organisms?

Answers

Answer:

1. Living characteristics of viruses include the ability to reproduce – but only in living host cells – and the ability to mutate.

2.Viruses cannot reproduce independently; cell-based organisms can reproduce independently.

Type _ blood is the universal donor
Type _ blood is the universal recipient

Answers

Answer:

Type O- blood is the universal donor

Type AB- blood is the universal recipient

Type O negative is universal donor
Type AB positive is the universal receiver

5. After a massive clean-up, why will contamination continue for decades after?

Answers

Answer:

This is Because they can't be 100% in location of PCBs since animals could spread and reproduce among different places with these toxins within their systems.

Explanation:

How do environmental factors help determine which members of a species will survive or become extinct?

Answers

Answer:

Natural selection

Explanation:

Whether or not an organism survives to reproduce depends on their surrounding environment. This is natural selection. Over time, that mutation can develop into a distinguishable adaptation and/or become more pronounced in a species since it increases the chances of survival.

Hope this helps:)

Which of the following would be considered a characteristic of a soil rather than a principal soil component?
a. the soil peds that give the soil its structure
b. inorganic material such as insoluble and soluble minerals
c. soil, air, and water
d. organic matter such as humus

Answers

The characteristic of a soil rather than a principal soil component is the soil peds that give the soil its structure, option (a) is correct.

Principal soil components refer to the major constituents of soil that directly contribute to its formation and properties. Soil peds, also known as aggregates, are formed by the binding together of individual soil particles.

They contribute to the soil's physical properties, such as its structure, stability, and permeability. Soil peds are formed through various processes, including weathering, biological activity, and soil management practices. While they are an important aspect of soil, they are not considered a principal soil component, option (a) is correct.

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Which graph best represents directional selection?

Answers

The answer would be B for the directional selection graph

Answer:

Graph B

edge⬇️

antidiuretic hormone promotes the retention of water by group of answer choices the active transport of chloride all of these promote the retention of water the active transport of water the active transport of na influencing the permeability of the collecting duct to water

Answers

The antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a hormone that is secreted in response to a decrease in blood volume or an increase in osmolality.

The antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a hormone that is secreted in response to a decrease in blood volume or an increase in osmolality. Its primary function is to promote water retention in the body by altering the permeability of the collecting ducts of the kidneys to water.Influencing the permeability of the collecting duct to water:Antidiuretic hormone promotes the retention of water by influencing the permeability of the collecting duct to water. In the absence of ADH, the collecting ducts are impermeable to water. As a result, water cannot be reabsorbed into the bloodstream, and it is excreted in the urine. In contrast, in the presence of ADH, the collecting ducts become permeable to water. As a result, water can be reabsorbed into the bloodstream, and it is retained by the body. The active transport of water is not a process that occurs in the kidneys. Instead, water is reabsorbed into the bloodstream by passive osmosis, which is driven by differences in solute concentration between the tubular fluid and the interstitial fluid.The active transport of Na:While the active transport of Na does play a role in the regulation of water balance, it is not directly involved in promoting the retention of water by the kidneys. Instead, it promotes the reabsorption of Na and other solutes from the tubular fluid into the interstitial fluid. This, in turn, helps to maintain the osmotic gradient that drives water reabsorption by passive osmosis.All of these promote the retention of water:While active transport of chloride does not directly promote the retention of water, it does play a role in maintaining the electroneutrality of the tubular fluid, which is important for the proper functioning of the kidneys. As such, all of these processes do promote the retention of water in the body.

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Order the phases of mitosis. Lesson link: https://k12inc-my.sharepoint.com/:o:/g/personal/jallison_azva_org/ErVbzwNtpQJFq-kBjktQoeIBcHCndieeBRv2QfJ2cQq-YQ?e=aZtiso Question 7 options: Anaphase Prophase Metaphase Telophase

Answers

Answer:

prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

:)))

What is the main abiotic reservoir for elements involved in local biogeochemical cycles, such as calcium and phosphorus? answer one is correct soil rivers oceans wind the atmosphere?

Answers

The main abiotic reservoir for elements involved in local biogeochemical cycles, such as calcium and phosphorus, is soil.

Soil serves as the main storage reservoir of nutrients, water, and energy in ecosystems, playing a crucial role in the biogeochemical cycling of elements. This is because the soil is composed of minerals and organic matter that release nutrients and elements to the plants, which are then consumed by animals and transferred up the food chain.So, the correct option is (D) Soil, and it is the most suitable answer for this question.

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Commonly found fossils are of the ______ type.

A. print
B. petrified
C. carbonized

Please help, ASAP.

Answers

Answer:

C. carbonized

Explanation:

The mode of fossilization of these inclusions varies, but carbonization is most common.

Match each idea about evolution to the person or group where it originated from the drop down menu

Answers

Hello. You did not present the ideas about evolution to which the question refers, which makes it impossible for your question to be answered. However, I will try to help you in the best possible way, showing you the main ideas about evolution and the people who originated them.

According to Jean-Baptiste organisms evolve as a way of seeking perfection.

According to the ancient Greeks and Romans, all living things are in a constant process of change. This change causes evolution and when a living being evolves it causes the evolution of another living being, since everyone is connected and related.

According to Darwin, evolution occurs over time and through an ancestor. For him All living beings have a common ancestor, which evolved over time and generated new species. Darvin also believes that any characteristic acquired by evolution could be passed on to the descendants.

According to Malthus, living beings generate a number of descendants disproportionate to the resources necessary for their survival and this causes evolution.

A new planet is discovered orbiting a star with a mass 3. 5'1031 kg at a distance of 1. 2 '1011 m. Assume that the orbit is circular.

What is the orbital speed of the planet? (G = 6. 673' 10-11 N·m2/kg)

Answers

The orbital speed of the planet is approximately [tex]\(4.20 \times 10^3 \, \text{m/s}\).[/tex]

The orbital speed of a planet or satellite refers to the speed at which it revolves around a central body in a circular orbit. To calculate the orbital speed, we can use the formula:

[tex]\[ v = \sqrt{\frac{G \cdot M}{r}} \][/tex]

where:

- [tex]\( v \)[/tex] represents the orbital speed,

- [tex]G[/tex] is the gravitational constant (approximately [tex]\(6.673 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{N} \cdot \text{m}^2/\text{kg}^2\)),[/tex]

- [tex]M[/tex] is the mass of the central body (such as a star) around which the planet orbits,

- [tex]r[/tex] is the distance between the planet and the central body.

By plugging in the appropriate values into this formula, we can calculate the orbital speed. The square root ensures that the speed is positive and represents the magnitude of the velocity.

To calculate the orbital speed of the planet, we can use the formula for the orbital speed of a satellite in a circular orbit:

[tex]\[ v = \sqrt{\frac{G \cdot M}{r}} \][/tex]

Where:

[tex]\( v \)[/tex] is the orbital speed of the planet,

[tex]\( G = 6.673 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{N} \cdot \text{m}^2/\text{kg}^2 \)[/tex] is the gravitational constant,

[tex]\( M = 3.5 \times 10^{31} \, \text{kg} \)[/tex] is the mass of the star,

and [tex]\( r = 1.2 \times 10^{11} \, \text{m} \)[/tex] is the distance between the planet and the star.

Plugging in these values into the formula, we get:

[tex]\[ v = \sqrt{\frac{(6.673 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{N} \cdot \text{m}^2/\text{kg}^2) \cdot (3.5 \times 10^{31} \, \text{kg})}{(1.2 \times 10^{11} \, \text{m})}} \][/tex]

Evaluating the expression, we find:

[tex]\[ v \approx 4.20 \times 10^3 \, \text{m/s} \][/tex]

Therefore, the orbital speed of the planet is approximately [tex]\(4.20 \times 10^3 \, \text{m/s}\).[/tex]

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What is one negative effect of human influence on cycles of matter? 

a. Decreased soil nitrogen due to the harvesting of crops

b. Decreased amount of carbon in the atmosphere due to deforestation

c. Reased global warming due to the use of alternative energy sources

d. Reased amount of water that is available to freshwater ecosystems

Answers

One negative effect of human influence on cycles of matter is decreased soil nitrogen due to the harvesting of crops. Nitrogen is one of the main nutrients needed for the growth of plants. The soil nitrogen is cycled between the atmosphere.

Human activities such as farming, agriculture, and industrialization have increased the amount of nitrogen in the environment and led to pollution. Some of the nitrogen-based fertilizers used in agriculture can cause eutrophication, which is the excessive growth of algae in water bodies due to the overuse of nutrients.

The increased amount of nitrogen in the soil can cause the soil to lose its fertility, leading to decreased crop yields. The depletion of nitrogen in the soil can also reduce the quality of the soil and negatively impact the ecosystem as a whole.

Therefore, it is essential to take necessary measures to avoid excessive depletion of soil nitrogen to maintain the fertility of the soil and avoid environmental pollution. These measures can include the use of natural fertilizers, crop rotation, and the use of nitrogen-fixing crops, such as legumes, to restore soil nitrogen levels.

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(No links)
Which is NOT a characteristic of unsaturated fats?
A. liquid at room temperature
B. animal fats
C. kinks in the carbon chain
D. not fully saturated with hydrogens​

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

the answer is C
because if you search up the characteristics of unsaturated fats c is not one of them

Energy Efficiency =
Useful Energy Output/Total Energy
Input x 100 (%)
If a power plant uses 100 units of
energy to create electricity and the
output is 5 units, where does the
95% of the energy input go?
A. lost as heat
B. lost as gas
C. escapes the system as potential energy

Answers

I looked it up and the answer is A because lots of electricity is lost as heat through conductors. i also found stuff for the other answers but this seemed the most accurate and credible.

If a power plant uses 100 units of energy to create electricity and the output is 5 units, 95% of the energy input goes as lost as heat.

Could you ever create a machine where 100% of the input energy would turn into output energy?

No, a real machine can't have an efficiency of 100%. An efficiency of 100% means that there is no loss and the output energy (or work) of the machine is equal to input energy (or work). In real machines, there is always some loss of energy to overcome friction and air resistance.

How do you calculate the energy efficiency of a power plant?

To express the efficiency of a generator or power plant as a percentage, divide the equivalent Btu content of a kWh of electricity (3,412 Btu) by the heat rate. For example, if the heat rate is 10,500 Btu, the efficiency is 33%. If the heat rate is 7,500 Btu, the efficiency is 45%.

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Identical rock types, identical fossils, and very similar mountain ranges are found on different continents that are
separated by a wide ocean. Which of these best explains these observations?
A Organisms traveled between these continents on land bridges.
B The same forces erode mountains in different locations.
These continents were joined together at one time in the past.
Some rock types are very common and are found everywhere.

Answers

Answer:

These continents were joined together at one time in the past

Explanation:

i think

Answer:

download home work app you will get answer from their

When humans perspire, water, urea, and salts containing sodium are removed from the blood. Drinking water during extended periods of physical exercise replenishes the water but not the sodium. This increase in water dilutes the blood and may result in the concentration of sodium dropping low enough to cause a condition known as hyponatremia. Symptoms of hyponatremia include headache, nausea, and lack of coordination. Left untreated, it can lead to coma and even death. The body has a variety of feedback mechanisms that assist in regulating water and sodium concentrations in the blood. The kidneys play a major role in these mechanisms, as they filter the blood and produce urine. The best way to reduce the symptoms of hyponatremia would be to

Answers

Answer:

The best way to reduce the symptoms of hyponatremia is to replace the body's sodium.

Explanation:

As seen in the question above, sweating causes the body to lose water and salts, such as sodium. We know that the excess of sodium in the body is harmful, however, the lack of sodium is also harmful, and can cause hyponatremia.

The loss of water in sweating can be reversed with water intake, but the loss of sodium must be reversed with sodium intake and the best way to do this is by eating salty foods. Sodium is one of the components of the salt used in the preparation of foods. In that case, when an individual eats salty foods, after having lost sodium molecules in perspiration, he will be replacing the lost sodium.

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HURRY I HAVE A TIME LIMIT! Humans, cats, whales, and bats all have similar arm bones. What piece of evidence for common ancestry does this describe?-homology-embryology -fossil record-amino acids sequences Consider the following scenario. Suppose that1000 people are involved in a conspiracy.Suppose that every single individual involved inthe conspiracy can be trusted 99.9%, that is,there is a 0.01% probability they reveal thesecrets of the conspiracy to the media within 50years. This probability is the same for everyoneinvolved, and never changes over the course ofthe 50 years. Moreover, suppose that the eventwhere anyone goes to the media (or not) isindependent if anyone else has (or hasn't)already.What is the probability that at least oneperson involved in the conspiracy reveals theirinvolvement to the media within 50 years? + SEF015 (2022) Page 3 Question 7 (12 marks]. 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A PROCLAMATION.I, ABRAHAM LINCOLN, President of the United States of America, and Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy thereof, do hereby proclaim and declare that hereafter, as heretofore, the war will be prosecuted for the object of practically restoring the constitutional relation between the United States, and each of the States, and the people thereof, in which States that relation is, or may be, suspended or disturbed.That it is my purpose, upon the next meeting of Congress to again recommend the adoption of a practical measure tendering pecuniary aid to the free acceptance or rejection of all slave States, so called, the people whereof may not then be in rebellion against the United States and which States may then have voluntarily adopted, or thereafter may voluntarily adopt, immediate or gradual abolishment of slavery within their respective limits; and that the effort to colonize persons of African descent, with their consent, upon this continent, or elsewhere, with the previously obtained consent of the Governments existing there, will be continued.That on the first day of January in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the executive government of the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom.That the executive will, on the first day of January aforesaid, by proclamation, designate the States, and part of States, if any, in which the people thereof respectively, shall then be in rebellion against the United States; and the fact that any State, or the people thereof shall, on that day be, in good faith represented in the Congress of the United States, by members chosen thereto, at elections wherein a majority of the qualified voters of such State shall have participated, shall, in the absence of strong countervailing testimony, be deemed conclusive evidence that such State and the people thereof, are not then in rebellion against the United States.That attention is hereby called to an Act of Congress entitled "An Act to make an additional Article of War" approved March 13, 1862, and which act is in the words and figure following:''Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That hereafter the following shall be promulgated as an additional article of war for the government of the army of the United States, and shall be obeyed and observed as such:Article . All officers or persons in the military or naval service of the United States are prohibited from employing any of the forces under their respective commands for the purpose of returning fugitives from service or labor, who may have escaped from any persons to whom such service or labor is claimed to be due, and any officer who shall be found guilty by a court-martial of violating this article shall be dismissed from the service.SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That this act shall take effect from and after its passage."What was Lincoln's main reason for writing the Emancipation Proclamation? (4 points)A. To end plantation lifeB. To arm black soldiersC. To preserve the UnionD. To punish slaveholders how is the peptidoglycan difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria? In this passage, Antony is speaking at Caesars funeral.ANTONY. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lendme your ears.I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.The evil that men do lives after them;The good is oft interrd with their bones.So let it be with Caesar. The noble BrutusHath told you Caesar was ambitious.If it were so, it was a grievous fault,And grievously hath Caesar answered it.Here, under leave of Brutus and the restFor Brutus is an honourable man,So are they all, all honourable menCome I to speak in Caesars funeral.He was my friend, faithful and just to me.But Brutus says he was ambitious,And Brutus is an honourable man.The Tragedy of Julius Caesar,William ShakespeareWhich statement best summarizes the passage?Antony is praising Brutus, but he is also praising the conspirators because he fears for his life.Antony is speaking at Caesars funeral to praise Caesar and show that he agrees with the conspirators.Antony is at Caesars funeral to praise Caesar and show that the conspirators are liars and were wrong.Antony speaks at Caesars funeral to praise Caesar, and he declares that he will be the new ruler of Rome.