Based on the second law of thermodynamics, how much biomass of phytoplankton would be needed to produce 1 kilogram (kg) of large fish in this food web?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

1000kg

Explanation:

Answer 2

The 10% rule states that 10% of the energy stored as biomass at one trophic level, ends up as biomass at the next trophic level. So, in a 4 levels food web, we need 1000 kg of the first level -phytoplankton- to produce 1 kg of the last level -large fishes-.

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From the energy that reaches the earth's surface, only 0.1 or 1% is absorbed by autotroph organisms or producers. This small percentage of this energy flows through all organisms in the ecosystem -from autotrophs to heterotrophs- until it dissipates in the environment.

Only 10% of energy is tranferred from one level to the next one. This assessment is called The 10% rule. It states that only about 10% of the energy stored as biomass at one trophic level, ends up as biomass at the next trophic level.

The progressive reduction of energy determines the number of trophic levels (4 or 5).

Let us analyze the given example.

Phytoplankton ⇒ Zooplankton ⇒ Small Fishes ⇒ Large Fishes

According to the 10% rule, to support 1 kg of large fish, 10 kg of the anterior level -small fish- is needed.

To get the biomass of each level needed to support 1 kg of large fish, we need to multiply each level biomass by 10. This is:

To get 1 kg of large fish: 1 kg x 10 = 10Kg of small fish To get 10 Kg of small fish: 10 kg x 10 = 100Kg of zooplanktonTo get 100 kg of zooplankton: 100Kg x 10 = 1000 kg of phytoplankton.

So, in this example, to produce 1 Kg of large fishes, we need 10 kg of small fishes, 100 kg of zooplankton, and 1000Kg of phytoplankton.  

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Related Questions

dinfenfenfujefebfue.

Answers

it’s pizza and ice cream and hot dogs

If you measure one hundred centimeters, is the distance more or less than one kilometer?

Answers

The distance measure in centimeters is less than the kilometers.

What is centimeters and kilometers?

Distance is a physical quantity which is measured in meter. If a man travel then it is measured in meters that defines that how much he travel from one point to another point for all these type of things we use to measure distance.

Centimeter is also a physical quantity which is use to measure distance. 1 centimeter is equal to 0.01 meter and 1 centimeter is equal to 0.00001 kilometer.

Kilometer is also a physical quantity which use to measure the distance 1 kilometer is equal to 1000 mtr and 1 kilometer is equal to 100000 centimeter.

For above conclusion we easily states that the kilometer is large quantity to measure distance while centimeter is smaller quantity to measure distance.

So, we can say that one hundred centimeters is less than the one kilometer.

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Why do you think that we do not see large single-celled organisms?

Answers

That’s because single called organisms wouldn’t grow as organisms with many of them.

Air has mass and takes up space. What can we say about air?

A. It is an opinion
B. It is matter
C. It is energy
D. It is an idea

Answers

Answer:

B.

Explanation:

Air takes up space it is just super light therefore it is matter

:)

Every day, people cook with and consume a variety of foods that contain lipids. Some foods are healthier sources of
lipids than others. The table shows the amount of saturated fat in various foods.
Food (1 tbs or 14 g)
Olive oil
Margarine
Butter
Lard
Canola oil
Amount of Saturated Fat in Foods
Saturated fat (g)
2
2.
7
5
1
1
Which food is the least healthy source of lipids, based on the data in the table?
O margarine
olard
butter
canola oil

Answers

Im sorry to "burst your bubble"..

But the correct answer would be: C- Butter

:))

Four Students were having a discussion about how scientists do their work. This is what they said... Antoine: "I think scientists just try out different things until something works" Tamara: "I think there is a definite set of steps all scientists follow called the scientific method." Marcos: "I think scientists use different methods depending on their question." Avery: "I thin scientists use different methods but they all involve doing experiments"

Answers

Answer:

Please see below  

Explanation:

Between all these kids carrying out this discussion, Tamara is the closest to guessing what scientists do. There is indeed a definite set of steps that scientists undertake in order to conduct science experiments. The scientific method is as follows:  

observationmeasurementexperimenttesting the hypothesis

Where does Most of the carbon dioxide in the ocean come from?

1. the air

2. plants and a Animals

3. all the above

4. large factories and transportation

Answers

i’d say 3, so all of the above
I would say 3 all of the above

the middle of oceanic ridges are ____________.

Answers

A mid-ocean ridge or mid-oceanic ridge is an underwater mountain range, formed by plate tectonics.

how do enzymes take place in chemical reactions

a.no answer provided
b.enzymes increase the activation energy of that reaction
c.most enzymes slow down chemical reactions
d.enzymes decrease the activation energy in the reaction
e.enzymes are converted into products in the reaction

Answers

Answer:

It should be B. enzymes increase the activation energy of that reaction.

What is nuclear energy? Plz I need help is it:

•Energy from solar panels

•Energy locked in nucleus of an atom

•Energy of moving electrons

•Energy that travels in waves

Answers

C

Because Nuclear energy comes from splitting atoms in a reactor to heat water into steam, turn a turbine and generate electricity. Ninety-four nuclear reactors in 28 states generate nearly 20 percent of the nation’s electricity, all without carbon emissions because reactors use uranium, not fossil fuels. These plants are always on: well-operated to avoid interruptions and built to withstand extreme weather, supporting the grid 24/7.

All that power and potential from a tiny atom.

Answer:

B.) Energy locked in the nucleus of an atom.

Explanation:

I did the assignment on Edge, 2022.

(See the attachment below.)

Hope this helped, good luck on the Unit Test! <3

what are the starting substances in a chemical reaction called

Answers

Answer:

Reactants

products are the result of the reaction

Explanation:

How could HCI be used to tell the difference between Quartzite and marble

Answers

Answer:

It is formed when the sandstone's quartz grains are fused from heat and pressure. Additionally, marble is soft while quartzite is hard and durable. Chemically, marble is composed of calcite while quartzite is not.

Explanation:

A specific location in America produces electricity from fossil fuels and geothermal energy. The table below shows the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of the location from 1960 to 2000.


Year 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Carbon dioxide concentration (in parts per million by volume) 317 325 339 318 328


Based on the table, which of these conclusions is most likely correct?

Answers

Answer:

Between 1960 and 1970, there was an decrease in the use of geothermal energy.

Explanation:

Got it right on the quiz

On the basis of the table, the conclusion which is most likely to be correct is during 1960, 1970, and 1990, the amount of geothermal energy and fossil fuels was decreased so, less production of electricity.

What do you mean by Fossil fuels?

Fossil fuels may be defined as fuels that are found in the Earth's crust and contain carbon and hydrogen, which can be burned for energy.

When the availability of fossil fuels and geothermal energy gets decreased during the years 1960, 70, and 90, the production of electricity decreased.

Therefore,  on the basis of the table, the conclusion which is most likely to be correct is during 1960, 1970, and 1990, the amount of geothermal energy and fossil fuels was decreased so, less production of electricity.

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The body monitors the levels of oxygen in the blood to regulate breathing. Isabel is running in a marathon and is near the finish line. She feels out of breath. How will her nervous system work to generate a reaction?

Answers

Answer:

Low oxygen pressures in the blood cause the nervous system to respond with hyperventilation.

Explanation:

In our body, the partial pressures of oxygen in the blood is a marker of blood pressure and hyperventilation.

The partial pressure of this gas may be decreasing due to lack of partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere that we breathe or in the great respiratory demands, that is why in this case, the partial pressures of oxygen during the marathon decrease.

When decreasing, this is captured by the nervous receptors and the CNS executes an increase in respiratory rate, generating hyperventilation so that the partial pressure of oxygen increases.

These receptors are chemoreceptors, capable of detecting the slight drop in blood pH due to oxygen deficiency associated with hemoglobin, since metabolic acidity is very common in cases of low oxygenation.

Bats have oversized years which help the bats you sound waves to detect the motion of their prey which example of the characteristics of life is most similar

Answers

Answer:

A rat hides in its hole when it sees an approaching predator is the most similar example of the characteristics of life.

Can traits of organims be improved? Explain why. ​

Answers

Answer:

Adaptations are physical or behavioral traits that make an organism better suited to its environment. Heritable variation comes from random mutations. ... Rather, a genetic mutation causes a difference in fur color, which may help that rabbit hide better in its environment.

Explanation:

Which of the following is NOT a
grassland biome?
Taiga
Desert
Tropical Savanna
Tundra

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

The answer should be Taiga

Answer:

Hey there!

The taiga, desert, and tundra are not grassland biomes.

Let me know if this helps :)

The greater the percentage, the more mitochondria. What is the function of mitochondria? Why do heart cells have a higher percentage of mitochondria than liver and pituitary gland cells?​

Answers

Explanation:

Mitochondria are the power house of the cell, they priduce atp from a series of processes. The ATP or Adenosine triphosphate is broken down to ADP or Adenosine diphosphate. To put simply emergy is released when a bond is broken due to hydrolysis which releases energy. More mitochondria are found in areas where mkre energy is required such as cells in,muscles, liver cells,and brain cells. ATP is extremely important for the heqrt as wnergy is required for the pumping of blood by contraction of the heart muscle.

hope this helps

can give a detailed exp if required

Lipids commonly contain fatty acids. What are the two parts of a fatty acid? Check the correct answers below.

Answers

Answer:

Hydrophillic head and a hydrophobic tail

Explanation:

Every fatty acid is composed of long chain of hydrocarbon tail. This hydrocarbon tail is nonpolar and insoluble in water. Hence this tail is labeled 'hydrophobic'.

However, the head of the fatty acid contains polar COOH group which is capable of interacting with water, hence the head is hydrophillic.

Hence, a fatty acid is composed of a hydrophillic head and a hydrophobic tail.

Answer:  Carboxyl Group  and Long chain of Carbon and Hydrogen

In an experiment, Juanita wants to determine the effect of fertilizer on the growth of grass. what is the independent and dependent variables in this experiment?

Answers

Answer:

Independent Variable: Fertilizer

Dependent Variable: The growth of the grass

Explanation:

The independent variable is the thing you change in an experiment. The dependent variable is the thing that is affected by the independent variable.

Cell Analogy Writing Assignment

Answers

Answer:

Choose a topic for your cell analogy. Below each topic heading are possible analogies for the topic. You can use them or come up with your own. The fourth column is a space in case you want to make your own analogy topic.

Explanation:

Answer:

Example of a Cell Analogy Story

Explanation:

Cell Analogy Story

A cell can be compared to a business. The Nucleus controls all cellular functions like a Chief Executive Officer that controls all of the operations and decisions of the business. Within the business there is the cytoplasm. The Cytoplasm in a cell, harbors cell organelles and provides structure. This compares to the factory work space that contains all the working bio-machinery and the nutrients, like the raw materials, for the cellular processes. The Cytoskeleton for a cell is what provides the shape and structure to the cell. This is compared to the architecture structure of a factory. It helps to support and strengthen the structure of the building. The Endoplasmic Reticulum of a cell is the site for protein synthesis, the vesicle packaging and transport. This is compared to an assembly line of the business. This is the main work space for production of the important cell components, for example the proteins. The Golgi Apparatus of the cell is the packaging of molecules into the transport vesicles. This is compared to the packaging department of a business. The packing department is the department that packages the goods that have been prepared. The Lysosomes of the cell is actually the membrane-bound cell organelle. It contains the digestive enzymes that break down the excess or the otherwise known worn-out parts of the cell. If the cell is considered damaged beyond repair it will help it to self-destruct with a process that is called programmed cell death. This is compared to the maintenance department of a business. The maintenance department is called in when there is old worn out machinery that needs replaced and discarded. The Mitochondria of the cell is in charge of producing the energy through cellular respiration. This is compared to the power plant or the generator of the business to help the production of energy. There are a few extra parts of the cell that could not be put on the chart above. The Plasma membrane of the cell is the semi permeable that controls cellular transport. This is compared to the Logistics department of the business. This department is in control of what is shipped in and out of the business. The last one is the Ribosomes of the cell. This Ribosomes are like the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell. This is compared to the factory workers of the business. The works build the products for the company.  

A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein has a substitution mutation. The new codon codes for the same amino acid as the wild-type DNA. What is the most likely effect of the mutation?

Answers

Answer:

There will be no effect of the mutation

Explanation:

Because the mutation codes for the same amino acid, there is no effect

Why do you think adult male crabs have such a large claw? What could be the purpose of it? And can you think of any other animals that have structures with a similar purpose?

Answers

Answer:

cause they use the small one for feeding and the large one to attract a female crab for mating, the large claws are also used as a weapon

what is 1 thing in common about epidemics, pandemics, and outbreaks?

Answers

Answer:

All of them are connected by some sort of widespread sickness or virus

Explanation:

A wildlife biologist and her team counted 200 individual deer in an area of 10 square kilometers. What is the population density?

Answers

Answer:

The population density is 20

Explanation:

200/10=20

What is the density of a 700 kg object with a volume of 649 m3? (Density: D = D = m over v.) 0.927 kg/m3 .4543 kg/m3 1.079 kg/m3 4.543 kg/m3

Answers

Answer:

0.927 kg/m3

Explanation:

The density of a 700 kg object with a volume of 649 m30 is 927 kg/m3. Thus, option A is correct.

This problem is solved using density  = mass /volume formula

mass= 700 kg

volume= 649 m³

density is therefore =  700 kg / 649 m³  = 1.079 kg/m³

What is density?

Density has been calculated by dividing an object’s mass by its volume. The density of the water is generally  1,000 kg/m3 at 4°C. The unit of density has been kg/m3 (kilogram per cubic meter). The SI unit of density is kg/m3.

Density will be a measure of mass per unit volume. It is an intensive property, meaning that its value does not change depending on the size of the object.  In physics, density has been defined as the ratio of the mass of the object to its volume. It has been often defined as mass per unit volume.

In chemistry, density has been defined as the measure of the amount of mass per unit volume of a substance. It has an intensive physical property, meaning that its value does not change depending on the size of the object.

Therefore, The density of a 700 kg object with a volume of 649 m30 is 927 kg/m3. Thus, option A is correct.

This problem is solved using density  = mass /volume formula

mass= 700 kg

volume= 649 m³

density is therefore =  700 kg / 649 m³  = 1.079 kg/m³

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Which choice below is NOT true?
A Rainforests are home to many plants and animals.
B Many medicines have been made from plants found in the rainforest.
C Rainforests are home to many organisms but have little value to humans.
D More varieties of plants are found in rainforests than anywhere else on earth.

Answers

Answer:

c is not true

Explanation:

hope this helped!

Answer:c is not true

Explanation:

because I took the test and the person above me is also correct

don't forget to take breaks and drink whatever you want to drink

what is the charge of a particle of oxygen that contains 8 protons and 8 electrons

Answers

Answer:

Neutral

Explanation:

The charge of an oxygen atom is neutral.

The charge should be positive.

The following information should be considered;

In the case when an atom had 8 protons and 8 electrons  i.e. oxygen  knocking one of the electrons out, makes 8 protons and 7 electrons.The atom now has a net charge of +1 because the 7 electrons cancel the positive charges of 7 of the protons in the nucleus, but there is one remaining proton with a positive charge.

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There is an algal bloom in a bay in a populated area. As the leading marine biologist in the area, what is the most important thing to do, based on scientific evidence about such blooms? warn people about which food is safe to eat develop a strategy to prevent future algal blooms warn people to stay away from the affected area evacuate all wildlife from the bay

Answers

The most important thing to do is that kindly evacuate all the living forms living in the area where there is an excessive amount of algal bloom.

What do you mean by Algal Bloom?

Algal bloom may be defined as the dense layer of tiny green plants that occurs on the surface of lakes and other water bodies when there is an overabundance of nutrients on which the species of algae depends.

Algal bloom grows as a result of Eutrophication. These growing algal species consume all major nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen and expand their numbers. As a result of this, other organisms of that area feel the scarcity of minerals and nutrients, due to this a large mass of death has occurred. Algal bloom makes the surrounding water oxygen defiecient. So, to prevent these types of activities, it is better to evacuate all living forms and provide them with the other environment.

Therefore, The most important thing to do is that kindly evacuate all the living forms living in the area where there is an excessive amount of algal bloom.

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Answer:

Yo, The answer your looking for is D.

Explanation:

Juan has been diagnosed with mono, and the doctor wants to determine if his spleen is enlarged. Where (quadrant, etc.) will the doctor palpate Juan's abdomen? What other organs might be compressed by Juan's enlarged spleen? Given the diagnosis, why is Juan's spleen enlarged and not his stomach or kidney?

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

Where (quadrant, etc.) will the doctor palpate Juan's abdomen?

Under normal conditions in general the spleen can not be palped because of its reduced size. But when it is enlarged it might be easily touched. The spleen is located under the thoracic cage (rib cage) on the left side, between the 8th and 11th ribs. This would correspond to the left superior quadrant (left hemi-belly).

What other organs might be compressed by Juan's enlarged spleen?

The enlargement of the spleen and the liver inflammation are symptoms of the mono disease. This enlargement might affect some neighboring organs such as the stomach, which might be displaced and compressed.

why is Juan's spleen enlarged and not his stomach or kidney?

The spleen is part of the immunological system and helps the body to fight infections and filter old bloody cells taking them out of the blood current. This organ might get enlarged because blood cells accumulate in its interior. Red blood cells are excessively stored in the spleen, resulting in anemia. The more cells the spleen retains, the larger it becomes, and hence, the more blood cells it retains and destroys. If the spleen is unproperly working, it kills too many red blood cells and accumulates many others.

The Stomach and kidney are not part of the immunity system and they do not filter blood cells, so they do not seem to be affected by their accumulation.

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