At the end of the electron transport chain, the light energy is stored in ATP and NADPH molecules.
What are the steps of the electron transport chain reaction?In Photosystem II, chlorophyll is used to store radiant energy.
The energy level of the electrons provided by the water molecules increases when the pigment molecules absorb light.
The excited electrons travel from Photosystem II to Photosystem I at a lower energy level via the electron transport chain.
New electrons are taken out of the water molecules to replace the excited electrons as they leave photosystem II.
The photosystem I electrons are transferred to another electron acceptor by the absorption of light energy, where they are then transported back and used to create NADPH molecules.
As electrons leave Photosystem I, new electrons from Photosystem II enter to take their place.
Hydrogen ions are still present in the thylakoid lumen after the water molecule disintegrates, and the ATP synthase pumps them to the stroma.
ATP molecules are made using the energy that has been released.
Hydrogen ions go back from the stroma to the thylakoid compartment.
Therefore, at the end of the electron transport chain, the light energy is stored in ATP and NADPH molecules.
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how do you use the microscope differently when looking at objects under low power versus high power?????
The microscope is used differently when looking at objects under low power versus high power as you boost the magnification and the field of view narrows. On low power, you can make out more of an object.
The depth of focus diminishes each time you choose a greater power. As a result, at higher magnification, less of the material is in focus. The amount of light that penetrates your eye is greatest when the power is low. Resolving power, or the capability to discern two neighboring objects as distinct is diminished as you increase the power. Adjust the light to make up for the loss (sometimes called the iris diaphragm).
The deepest attention is achieved on targets with the lowest power. The depth of focus diminishes each time you choose a greater power. As a result, at higher magnification, less of the material is in focus. Once more, this makes it simpler to focus on an object when using low power before moving to a higher power.
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in which two ways do plant cells use the sugar made in photosynthesis?
A. to store inorganic matter
B. to produce phosphate group
C. to supply the plant with energy for life
D. to make other types of organic molecules
Answer:
C, and D
Explanation:
Hope it helps!
The two ways in which plant cells use the sugar made in photosynthesis are C. to supply the plant with energy for life and D. to make other types of organic molecules.
C. to supply the plant with energy for life: The sugar produced during photosynthesis, typically in the form of glucose, serves as a primary source of energy for plant cells. Through cellular respiration, the sugar is broken down in the mitochondria, releasing energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is the energy currency of cells and is used for various metabolic processes necessary for plant life, such as growth, reproduction, transport of molecules, and maintaining cellular functions.
D. to make other types of organic molecules: Plant cells utilize the sugar produced in photosynthesis as a building block for the synthesis of other organic molecules. Glucose serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of complex carbohydrates, such as starch and cellulose, which are important for energy storage and structural support in plants. Additionally, the sugar is used to synthesize lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules that are essential for various cellular processes, including growth, development, signaling, and defense mechanisms.
By using the sugar produced in photosynthesis to supply energy and as a source of carbon and energy for synthesizing other organic molecules, plant cells ensure their own survival, growth, and overall metabolic functions. This efficient utilization of sugars allows plants to carry out necessary processes and adapt to changing environmental conditions.
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Site staff should report an unexpected serious adverse event (sae) to the sponsor within _______ after becoming aware of the event. a. 5 day b. 2 weeks c. 24 hours d. 30 days e. 72 hours
Answer:
C
Explanation:
they should report it between 24-48 hours
Staff should be aware of whom to contact and how to do so when unfavorable circumstances happen, as well as the timeliness requirements. Thus, option C is correct.
What staff should report an unexpected adverse event?
Any serious adverse event, including those listed in the protocol or investigator brochure, must be reported to the sponsor by an investigator .
(if they are not sponsor-investigators) within 24 hours of learning about them, whether they are thought to be drug-related. The report must also include an evaluation of whether the event was drug-related.
The independent safety monitoring body (i.e., DSMB or Safety Officer) and the NIA must receive an accelerated report of an SAE within 24 hours.
The occurrence being reported to the Investigator or as defined in the DSMP. This report can be sent through phone, fax, or email.
Therefore, they should report it between 24-48 hours.
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where are the instructions that tell the cell everything it needs to survive?
Answer:
In the DNA.
Explanation:
What does each part of a bomb calorimeter do?
Answer:
The bomb calorimeter is used to determine the calorific values of solid and liquid fuels. It consists of a strong steel shell known as a bomb. It consists of a base which supports the platinum crucible and is screwed to the body of the bomb. The top of the bomb carries an oxygen supply connection and a valve to release the product.
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You are asked to perform a fermentation test with your unknown bacteria, using a technique known as stab culturing. What can you conclude if the test came back purple?.
You are asked to perform a fermentation test with your unknown bacteria, using a technique known as stab culturing. If the test came back purple the conclusion will be the culture is basic and your unknown bacteria cannot metabolize arabinose.
Fermentation is specifically described in biochemistry as the process of obtaining energy from carbohydrates without the presence of oxygen. There are a lot of different kinds of fermentation, but the three most common ones used in food preparation are lactic acid, ethanol, and acetic acid.
Stab cultures are made of solid agar in a test tube and are comparable to agar plates. By inserting a pipette tip or an inoculation needle into the center of the agar, bacteria are introduced. The pierced area is where bacteria flourish. The most typical method for shipping or short-term storing cultures is stab culturing.
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how are polymers broken down?
what is the difference between RNA and DNA?
DNA and RNA counter in two ways (a) RNA incorporates the sugar ribose, whereas DNA includes the slightly additional sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA possesses the nucleobase uracil, whereas DNA controls thymine.
What exactly is in human DNA?Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer made up of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix that contains genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms and viruses. Nucleic acids have DNA and ribonucleic acid.DNA is made up of nucleotide molecules. Each nucleotide is made up of three parts: a phosphate group (one phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms), a sugar molecule, and a nitrogen base. DNA is composed of chemical building blocks known as nucleotides. These building blocks are composed of three components: a phosphate group, a sugar group, and one of four different types of nitrogen bases.To learn more about DNA, refer to:
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list three of the types of noncovalent interactions that are important in providing stability to the three-dimensional structures of macromolecules. (b) why is it important that these interactions be noncovalent, rather than covalent, bonds?
a) Noncovalent interactions include
hydrogen bonds van der Waals interactions hydrophobic interactions.(b) Noncovalent interactions can develop, break, and re-form more quickly and with less energy input than covalent bonds because they are weaker. In order to keep macromolecules flexible, this is crucial.
In contrast to a covalent bond, a non-covalent contact involves more scattered types of electromagnetic interactions between molecules or inside a molecule and does not share electrons. Large molecules like proteins and nucleic acids have a three-dimensional structure that must be maintained by non-covalent interactions.
Additionally, they participate in a variety of biological processes in which big molecules briefly yet specifically bond to one another. The design of drugs, crystallinity, materials, notably those for self-assembly, and generally the synthesis of numerous organic molecules are all significantly influenced by these interactions. Large molecules like proteins and nucleic acids are joined by noncovalent bonds. Though weaker than covalent connections, noncovalent bonds are essential for biological processes including the creation of double helices.
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Terms that mean many species die out at the same time
Mass extinctions is the terms that mean many species die out at the same time.
Extinction :A species dying out or disappearing is referred to as extinction. Extinction occurs when a species becomes less numerous due to environmental factors (habitat fragmentation, climate change, natural disasters, overexploitation of species for human use).
Mass extinction :The majority of species that have ever lived on Earth have gone extinct, but the fossil record reveals five particularly large extinctions, known as mass extinction events, that each resulted in the extinction of enormous numbers of species. The majority of extinctions, which happen continuously and are referred to as background extinctions, are distinguished from these glaring declines in diversity by the term "mass extinction."
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Question 2 of 10
Which statement best describes the movement of materials across a cell
membrane using active transport?
OA. They move back and forth to keep both concentrations at zero.
OB. They move from an area of higher concentration to an area of
lower concentration.
OC. They move back and forth randomly between areas of different
concentrations.
OD. They move from an area of lower concentration to an area of
higher concentration.
What is the process by which early autotrophic prokaryotes produced oxygen.
They created stromatolites, which added oxygen to the atmosphere.
Autotropic prokaryotes :Prokaryotes that can reproduce independently produce organic compounds from carbon dioxide. Heterotrophic prokaryotes, in contrast, get their carbon from organic substances. The terminologies that describe how prokaryotes receive carbon and energy can be combined to further complicate the picture.
Phototrophs, which are autotrophic organisms that transform solar energy into chemical energy, first appeared within a billion years after the birth of the Earth.
Autotrophic eukaryote :Since plants can produce their own sustenance, they are referred to as autotrophs. Through the process of photosynthesis, plants create glucose using water, carbon dioxide, and solar energy. Some protist species also use photosynthesis to produce energy.
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What do the sand crabs prefer?
what is the answer for this question?
Answer:
The answer is B
Explanation:
Hope it helps
multiple alleles explain
Answer:
Multiple alleles of a gene occupy the same locus on the chromosome. Multiple alleles are the alternative forms of the same gene so they influence the same trait. The wild-type allele is mostly dominant over the mutant alleles. The wild type is considered the standard and all other alleles are considered variants.
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7. Why is it impossible for a paper clip to contain the enzyme catalase?
Answer:
Because they have to use for the rate of the reaction rate of the chemical reaction like other temperature affect the reaction of the engine catalysis.
Answer:
Hydrogen peroxide separate to catalase to prevent reaction from starting before the desired temperature
Explanation:
Explain how mutations in DNA change the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
Answer: Since each codon is translated into a single amino acid in the final polypeptide chain, changing one codon changed the type of amino acid that is placed in the polypeptide at this position. The new polypeptide is different (has a different sequence of amino acids) than the original polypeptide.
Explanation:
According to the theory of endosymbiosis, a
mitochondria or chloroplast may have been a prey
species and was engulfed by a cell or it could have
been a parasite that entered the cell WHY do
scientists think that the cell did not destroy or remove
these structures?
Endosymbiotic theory explains about mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells that were once aerobic bacteria that were absorbed by a large anaerobic bacteria . This theory define the ancestry of eukaryotic cells.
Endosymbiotic theory states that a prokaryotic cell was consumed or engulfed by a larger cell. By some unknown reason, the prokaryotic organelle was not consumed. Thus , these structure were not destroyed or removed . Mitochondria and chloroplasts provides evidence for their endosymbiotic origin by having their own DNA . It is one of the major determinable factor for origin of life that involves development of a molecule that can store information and catalyze reactions.
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Answer: Because the structures benefit the cells.
Explanation:
The acid hydrogen fluoride can be dissolved in water. Will the pH of the solution change? Explain.
Answer: water has a pH of 6.5-8.5. If an acid is dissolved in the water, the pH will become more acidic, therefore dropping in number.
what is the number one factor when descending to the bottom of the ocean floor ?
Thermal Energy, Heat, Temperature Summary
Bro easy points just need a 7th grade version of thermal energy, heat, and temperature just a summary.
Give you 15 points
Answer: 7th graders man I'm in 10th grade, Heat, is thermal energy transferred from a hotter system to a cooling system that is in contact.
Explanation: Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system. would this help :P
Seed blank is when enzymes and other chemicals are activated and energy is produced to start cell division.
photosynthesis
germination
respiration
growth
Seed germination is when enzymes and other chemicals are activated and energy is produced to start cell division.
The correct option is B.
What is the germination explain?A seed, spore, or even other reproductive body sprouts after germination, usually following a period of dormancy. The procedure may be started by the following factors: moisture damage, elapse of period, cooling, warming, availability of oxygen, and light exposure.
What causes germination?When soil temperature and moisture conditions are ideal for their growth, seeds typically "wake up" and germinate. However, not all seeds have the same germination needs, therefore it's essential to know what each variety of seed needs. To germinate, seed require the right combination of temperature, water, air, and light.
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The complete question is-
Seed _____ is when enzymes and other chemicals are activated and energy is produced to start cell division.
A)Photosynthesis
B)Germination
C)Respiration
D)Growth
A young woman suffering from prosopagnosia, an inability to identify faces, a disorder of object recognition associated with damage to the _____________ lobe of the brain.
A young woman suffering from prosopagnosia, an inability to identify faces, a disorder of object recognition associated with damage to the Occipital lobe of the brain.
The occiptal lobe is known as the visual processing area of the brain. In the brain, It sits at the back of the head. Part of it major functions are that: it is responsible for visual perception, including colour, form and motion. Damage to the occipital lobe can include: Difficulty with locating objects in environment. Difficulty with identifying colours (Colour Agnosia).
Prosopagnosia could occur when there is a damage to the occiptal lobe.
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what is the difference between mitochondria and chloroplast
Pick an environmental factors that impacts enzyme activity (Temperature , pH, or substrate concentration ) and explain how it affects the rate of the enzyme. *
Enzyme- a substance, usually produced by plants and animals, which helps a chemical change to happen more quickly, without being changed itself. All living things have enzymes. Our bodies naturally produce enzymes.
The factors that impacts enzyme activity are:-
Temerature: Raising temperature speeds up a reaction, and lowering temperature slows down a reaction. However, very high temperatures can cause an enzyme to denature(lose its shape).
pH: When the pH value of the reaction medium changes, the shape and structure of the enzyme will change. Enzyme activity is at its maximum value at the optimum pH.
Substrate Concentration: As the substrate concentration increases so does the rate of enzyme activity. An optimum rate is reached at the enzyme's optimum substrate concentration.
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what is the terrain, altitude, and humidity of the great barrier reef in austrailia?
Answer: The terrain of the great barrier reef =
The reef actually consists of some 2,100 individual reefs and some 800 fringing reefs (formed around islands or bordering coastlines). Many are dry at low tide; some have islands of coral sand, or cays; and others fringe high islands or the mainland coast of the reef.
The altitude =
The average sea bed level is approximately 40m. The highest point is 1,121m on Hinchinbrook Island. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act 1975 applies to areas between 1,000m below the sea bed to 915m above sea level.
The humidity =
The temperatures are recorded as average maximums of (Celsius) 30 degrees and average minimums of (Celsius) 21 degrees. The Tropical North has an average rainfall of 2010mm (an average of 168mm per month).
Explanation:
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Write a paragraph or two below to explain why there is little change in the pH of battery acid when it is diluted with water.
Also include in your answer...
• The water equilibrium expression.
• What could you add to the battery acid to significantly change the pH of the solution?
There is little change in the pH of battery acid when it is diluted with water because adding more water increases the pH of the solution towards 7 thereby making it less acidic.
What is pH?This is referred to as the power of hydrogen and it is the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a substance. pH of 7 is referred to as being neutral, pH of 1-6.9 is referred to as being acidic while the pH of 7.1 - 14 is referred to as being basic or alkaline.
The water equilibrium expression is Kw = [H₃O⁺][OH⁻].
Water can be added to the battery acid which results in its dilution thereby increasing the pH of the solution towards 7. The acid in most instances become more corrosive when observed. This means that it becomes less acidic and is therefore the correct choice.
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choose the mutation that you think has caused cali a calico fit coloring. form a hypothesis to explain your reasoning
The mutation that I think has caused Calix’s calico fur coloring is Nondisjunction mutation.
Why does Nondisjunction mutation cause the coloring above?"Chromosome segregation fails as a result of the mutation known as nondisjunction during cell division. One daughter cell will consequently contain an extra chromosome, whereas the other will be missing one."
This would make sense for Calix because Nondisjunction would account for the difference in mass and Calix's DNA per cell mass is larger than typical. Due to the fact that "point mutations do not modify the mass of DNA," we also know that it cannot be a point mutation.
However, chromosomal rearrangement is not the explanation since the amount of DNA in each cell of Calix does not match what it would be if Calix had a chromosomal rearrangement.
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All living things reproduce. What is the benefit of reproducing sexually?
A. Less energy spent
B. Takes less time
C. Genetic variation
Answer:
Genetic Variation
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In a culture of bacteria, there are some individuals that are unable to synthesize histidine. What is the best and most likely description of how these individuals differ from the other bacteria in the culture?.
The individual bacteria that cannot synthesize histidine in the culture are likely to be genotypically and phenotypically different from the rest of the culture.
What is mutation?Mutation refers to sudden changes to the DNA sequence of organisms. Mutation can be silent without producing any physical effect.
A mutation can also be harmful to organisms. Once a modification is made to the DNA of some individual organisms out of the entire population of the same organism, such individuals are said to be mutants.
If the mutation has physical manifestations, the mutants will be both genotypically and phenotypically unique from the rest of the population.
If the mutation is silent, the mutants will be genotypically unique from the rest of the population, not phenotypically.
In this case, some individual bacteria in the entire culture are not able to synthesize histidine. Thus, these individuals will be different from the rest of the population both in genotype and phenotype.
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I need help with this ASAP.
periodic table
Explanation:
No discussion too easy