Assessment for surfactant level via lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio in the amniotic fluid is a direct estimation of fetal maturity. The purpose of surfactant is to prevent the collapsing of the alveoli during expiration.
Lecithin Sphingomyelin RatioClinicians can evaluate fetal lung development using a number of techniques, including the Lecithin-to-Sphingomyelin Ratio (L/S ratio). Amniocentesis was used to obtain a sample of amniotic fluid for this biochemical test, which was first developed in the 1970s and used to assess the likelihood that the newborn will experience respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).The maturation of the pulmonary system advances with growing gestational age as fetal lung development happens gradually.Alveoli don't collapse during expiration thanks to the surfactant's impact. Phospholipids, proteins, and lipids are all components of the surfactant. The phospholipids' chemical makeup is significant. One phospholipid in mature surfactant is phosphatidylcholine, also known as lecithin.To learn more about Lecithin refer to:
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Calculate the average time for the powder to dissolve
in room temperature water. Record the average time
in Table E.
Trial 1
seconds
18.00
start
reset
stop
Trial 2
seconds
18.00
start
reset
stop
Trial 3
seconds
15.00
start
reset
stop
What is the average time it took for the crushed tablet to
dissolve in room temperature water?
seconds
The average time will be 17 seconds.
What is the arithmetical average?The average of a set of numbers is determined by summing up all the numbers and dividing by the total elements in the set.
In this case, there are 3 elements in the number - 18, 18, and 15.
Average time = 18+18+15/3 = 17 seconds.
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The average time of the experiment is 17 seconds.
Average time of the experiment
The average time is calculated as follows;
Average time = total time / number of trials
Average time = (18 + 18 + 15)/3
Average time = 51/3
Average time = 17 seconds
Thus, the average time of the experiment is 17 seconds.
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A dog starts chasing gretchen. when her brain sends a signal to her muscles to run, which cells are at work? sensory motor interneuron leukocyte
Didinium are carnivorous protistans that prey on other, slower moving protistans. How should Didinium be classified
Didinium is classified as eukaryotic consumer.
Heterotrophic organisms include Didinium. They only consume the considerably larger ciliate Paramecium as prey. A Didinium releases attachment lines and poison darts (trichocysts) when it discovers a Paramecium. The Didinium then starts to swallow its prey whole.The only organism with a genuine nucleus and other organelles that are attached to membranes is a protist. Consequently, they are categorized as eukaryotes.The Didinium is a type of protist with unicellular ciliates. It lives in water and feeds primarily on paramecium, however it also occasionally consumes other ciliates. As a result, Didinium is a member of the eukaryotic consumer kingdom.
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Select the correct answer. from which sphere of earth did this food originate? deep fried three pieces of chicken legs overlapped each other. a. biosphere b. atmosphere c. troposphere d. hydrosphere e. geosphere
Deep-fried three pieces of chicken legs overlapping each other originated from Biosphere.
a. Biosphere is the region of the earth where life exists, it can be the areas on land, air, or water. The biosphere consists of the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Chicken is a terrestrial organism; hence, it can be found in the lithosphere, a part of the biosphere.
b. Atmosphere is the envelope of air or gases around the earth's surface, it contains gases like oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc. It protects the lithosphere from harmful radiations from the sun. Hence, it is an incorrect option.
c. Troposphere is a layer of atmosphere that extends from a height of 6 km to 10 km. It is the atmospheric layer that is present right above the lithosphere. This provides us with oxygen and maintains the temperature of the earth. Hence, it is an incorrect option.
d. Hydrosphere: The entire amount of water on a planet is known as the hydrosphere. Water that is present on the planet's surface, beneath, and in the atmosphere all belong to the hydrosphere. The hydrosphere of a planet can exist as liquid, vapor, or ice. Hence, it is an incorrect option.
e. Geosphere is made up of all the rocks and minerals found on Earth, from the molten rock and heavy metals in the planet's center to the sand on beaches and mountain tops. It includes all the abiotic components of the earth. Hence, it is an incorrect option.
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Answer:
Biosphere, i got it right on my test
Explanation:
3. What term describes a plant's response to external stimuli like light, gravity, and touch?
A. auxins
B. tropisms
C. differential growth
D. germination
Answer:t
Explanation:
for (50) points i need help please answer
Explanation:
The type of rocks in which dinosaur fossils (and almost all other fossils) are found is called sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock generally occurs as flat layers called strata (single layers called stratum). Imagine you have a handful of both coarse and very fine sand and a bucket of water. If you were to drop the sand into the water two things would happen. First, the sand would settle to the bottom of the bucket. The coarse sand would settle faster and then the fine sand would slowly settle out. Secondly, when the sand reached the bottom of the bucket it would spread out forming two flat layers, a layer of coarse sand covered by the layer of fine sand. The process of settling is called sedimentation from the Latin, sedimentum, meaning the act of settling. The layers formed across the bottom of the bucket are called strata, from the Latin word stratum, meaning covering.
Virtually the identical process occurs in nature. Imagine a river carrying lots of sand and other material worn from rocks emptying into a large body of water like a lake or ocean. Flat layers are created on the bottom of the body of water. Dinosaur bones carried by the river would also settle out and be found in one of the layers on the lake or ocean bottom. Eventually it would be covered by subsequent layers. Over time, the soft layers would be turned into rock, the bones would be preserved within the layers, and finally they might be raised to the surface where a lucky paleontologist might recover them for a museum.
Looking for bone layers is much like playing detective. Using 4.6 billion years as the age of the Earth and 164 million years for the tenure of dinosaurs on the planet, it is easy to determine that dinosaurs existed on Earth for only a very short part of the Earth's history (only 3.6% of the time). Holmes (see References below) lists a maximum total thickness of 452,000 feet of rocks that are known to contain fossils of animals with hard parts; only 125, 000 feet of which were deposited when the dinosaurs existed. If only 28% of the fossil-bearing rock thickness may contain dinosaur fossils, how do we search for them?
The first thing we must do is narrow the search. We must first locate the 28% of sedimentary rocks in which dinosaur fossils may be found. Let's consider an ideal situation. A paleontologist from Texas went on vacation to Montana where he discovered dinosaur bones in a particular layer of rock. He wondered if the same layer existed in Texas so he could find bones closer to his home. If that particular rock layer appeared on the Earth's surface, continuously, all the way from Montana to Texas he would be able to walk along the layer to follow it. That would be easy, but, unfortunately, the easy way never seems to work. In many cases the bonelayer would be covered by layers of younger rocks, and in other cases the bone layer could be worn away by erosion. Both covering and erosion would make it impossible to follow the layer from Montana to Texas. Clearly, another method must be found. One of the most reliable ways to locate fossils is with other fossils. Certain widely found fossils represent animals that only lived on Earth for a very short time. Such fossils are called index fossils. When found in two geographically separated layers, they allow scientists to say, with some confidence, the layers are the same. Index fossils can be used to track a layer from Montana to Texas, or from Montana to France. The process of determining if layers in different places are the same is called correlation.
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Once the layer is found, more work needs to be done. Dinosaurs probably did not live everywhere in that layer. We know that dinosaurs did not live in the oceans. We can avoid searching in areas that fossils tell us were oceans at the time of the dinosaurs. Fish and marine reptiles (such as plesiosaurs) did not live in the same places as dinosaurs. If paleontologis ts find the former, they won't find the latter. Index fossils allow us to not only determine what layers contain other fossils, but also where in that layer certain fossils may be found
ANSWER QUICK
The increasing population growth, especially in the developing nations, leads to
Group of answer choices
increased pollution of the environment.
quicker depletion of resources.
increased competition for resources.
all of the choices.
ANSWER QUICK
The increasing population growth, especially in the developing nations, leads to
Group of answer choices
increased pollution of the environment.
quicker depletion of resources.
increased competition for resources.
all of the choices.
Answer:
all of the above.
Who is and who is not recommended to receive a flu vaccine? Why do these recommendations exist?
Why is it important for the CDC to update its flu vaccination recommendations each year?
Can u think of three factors which might affect how much energy someone will need
Gender, age and body weight are the three factors.
What are the effects of gender, age and body weight on energy expenditure?Body weight:
Energy consumption while at rest is determined by body size and weight. Due to the higher maintenance costs associated with a larger body, a heavier person has a higher resting energy requirement. The most unpredictable part of overall energy expenditure is activity-induced energy expenditure. Since larger subjects' activity energy expenditure is not higher in proportion to the expense of moving with a higher body weight, smaller and leaner subjects often move more. As a result of changes in body size and body composition, eating causes variations in energy expenditure.
Gender:
In comparison to girls of the same size and age, adult males frequently have 10–20 percent more muscle mass. Because muscle burns more calories than fat, men have greater basal metabolic rates (BMR). As a result, men need 5–10% more energy than women.
Age:
Compared to adults, children and adolescents require more energy for growth and development. As people age, their body composition changes and their energy needs decrease, resulting in a decrease in BMR. As people age, many of them become less active.
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A microbiologist was surprised when he could not recover Helicobacter pylori from gastric biopsies in which organisms were seen in the tissue sections. He was advised to switch from the Campy BAP selective medium to Skirrow's blood agar because the latter is:
A microbiologist was surprised when he could not recover Helicobacter pylori from gastric biopsies in which organisms were seen in the tissue sections. He was advised to switch from the Campy BAP selective medium to Skirrow's blood agar because the latter is free of cephalothin.
A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic called cephalothin is used to treat severe bacterial infections in the urinary tract, skin, bones, and lower respiratory tract.A beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity, cephalothin is semi-synthetic. Penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall are bound by cephalothin and rendered inactive.PBPs take involvement in the last phases of bacterial cell wall construction as well as the remodeling of the cell wall during cell division. PBP inactivation hinders the cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains, which is essential for the strength and stiffness of bacterial cell walls.
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The BOD is a measurement of the amount of bacteria present before and after the sewage treatment process. Group of answer choices True False
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Sickle cell anemia is due to an autosomal recessive trait. A man and woman are both carriers of the recessive allele. What is the probability that their first child will have sickle cell disease
The probability that their first child will have sickle cell disease is 0.25.
How, explain your answer?A man and a woman both are carriers of sickle cell anaemia.
The sickle cell anaemia genotype is ss whereas for producing normal haemoglobin, we have SS or Ss (Carrier).
When both man and woman are carriers, we have
Ss, Ss.
Thus, the probability that the couple would have a child that was also a carrier of sickle cell anemia is 0.25.
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Which structure controls the movement of tube feet?
While doing field research, two scientists discover a new species of plant. They take the plant back to their lab to watch how it grows and reproduces. Soon, the plant begins to produce a small purple flower. Upon further investigation, the scientists discover that the plant's seeds contain two embryonic leaves.
Which group could the plant belong to? Check all that apply.
As the new species of plant produced purple flowers, so, the plant belongs to the angiosperms group. Also, the seeds of the plant contain two embryonic leaves, so, the plant must be a dicot.
Out of all five divisions of plants, only the plants that come under the Division Angiosperm can bear or form flowers. That's why angiosperms are also called flowering plants. Angiosperms are further divided into two groups based on the number of embryos that are produced from seeds on germination. If the germinating seeds contain only one embryo leaf, then we call them monocots while the seeds that contain two embryo leaves during their developing seeds, then they are called dicots.Thus, the plant that is discovered by scientists comes under the angiosperm group and further into the dicot group. Dicots have two embryo leaves on germination of their seeds and they also form flowers.
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A lymphoma of unknown origin characterized by progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue and symptoms of fever, weakness, night sweats, and weight loss is:
A lymphoma of unknown origin characterized by progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue and symptoms of fever, weakness, night sweats, and weight loss is Hodgkin’s disease (Hodgkin’s lymphoma).
What is a lymphoma?Lymphoma is a broad term for cancer that begins in cells of the lymph system.It is of two main types: Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).What is Hodgkin’s lymphoma?Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is part of the body's germ-fighting immune system.It is caused due to a mutation in the DNA of a type of white blood cell called B lymphocytes.The lymphocytes grow out of control causing swollen lymph nodes and growths throughout the body.Learn more about B-lymphocytes here:
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A 4y/o with a rare genetic disorder demonstrates bilateral excessive pronation due to ligamentous laxity and hypotonia. She is able to clear B feet during swing phase without issue. What is the most appropriate orthotic for this child
The most appropriate orthotic for this child is called supramalleolar orthotics.
What is orthotics?The expression 'orthotics' makes reference to specific shoes customized for a patient condition.
In this case, supramalleolar orthotics makes reference to a given inherited condition with low incidence (rage genetic disease).
In conclusion, the orthotics situation here is supramalleolar orthotics.
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What is one of the main characteristics of secondary granules in the neutrophilic granulocyte cytoplasm
One of the main characteristics of secondary granules in the neutrophilic granulocyte cytoplasm is that secondary granules will become pink/tan and will cause the basophilic color to lighten.
Promyelocytes, metamyelocytes, and myelocytes are the precursors of neutrophils, which make up the majority of the white blood cell population. The immature neutrophils are usually found only in the bone marrow.
Myeloid maturation sequence is the next stage of myelocyte. The cytoplasm of this cell starts to produce specific, secondary granules. If the cell is destined to be a neutrophil these secondary granules will be pink/tan and will further cause the basophilic color to lighten and break up. At the beginning of neutrophilia, these secondary granules are most obvious in the golgi area.
As the cell matures closer to a metamyelocyte, they fill the entire cytoplasm. While the cytoplasm shifts to producing secondary granules it also loses the prominence of its primary granules.
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Explain why mitosis is important to both unicellular and multicellular organisms.
Answer:
In multicellular organisms, mitosis produces cells for growth and repair where in unicellular organisms, it produces identical cells. :)
In unicellular organisms such as bacteria, mitosis helps in asexual reproduction as it produces an identical copy of the parent cell. :D
In multicellular organisms, body cells undergo mitosis to provide new cells for growth or to replace cells that have been damaged and died. :)
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Paul ekman and walter friesen traveled to new guinea to study the meaning of various facial expressions in the primitive south fore tribe. What major conclusion did they reach?.
The conclusion they reached was that the six major emotional expressions appear to be universal.
What are facial expressions?Facial expressions are the various movement of the face that shows the emotional state of an individual.
The six major emotional expressions are :
anger, happiness, fear, surprise, disgust and sadness.These are be expressed by any individual in any part of the world.
Therefore, the conclusion they reached was that the six major emotional expressions appear to be universal.
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A bird species that live in the trees and another
living on the ground is an example of which of
the following?
A. ecological isolation
C. behavioral isolation
B. temporal isolation
D. gametic isolation
Answer:
A.) ecological isolation
Explanation:
A.) is correct because ecological isolation describes how different organisms cannot reproduce with each other as a result of living in different locations/environments.
B.) is incorrect because behavioral isolation describes how organisms cannot reproduce as a result of different mating rituals or other behaviors.
C.) is incorrect because temporal isolation describes how organisms cannot reproduce as a result of engaging in reproductive behaviors during different time periods.
D.) is incorrect because gametic isolation describes how organisms who try to reproduce, cannot, as a result of male and female gametic incompatibility.
In therapeutic stem cell cloning, the somatic cell nucleus of the patient who requires tissue transplantation is used to culture the embryonic stem cells. These cells, when provided with suitable conditions, develop into tissues that can be transplanted. What is the advantage of this technique?
A. There would be no tissue rejection problems.
B. The cells can be grown more rapidly.
C. The patient would find it more acceptable.
D. All of the choices.
The advantages of therapeutic stem cell cloning include no rejection problems, cells can be grown rapidly, and patients would find it more acceptable (all choices are correct).
What is therapeutic stem cell cloning?Therapeutic stem cell cloning refers to the method in the laboratory aimed at generating genetically identical cells for therapeutic purposes.
Therapeutic stem cell cloning shows the advantage that cells have the same genetic background as the patient and therefore they are not rejected.
In conclusion, the advantages include no rejection, cells can be grown rapidly, and they are more acceptable.
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____________ is translated by the ribosomes and contains the code that specifies the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.
mRNA (Messenger RNA) is translated by ribosomes and contains the code that specifies the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chain.
A single-stranded ribonucleic acid molecule is known as messenger RNA(mRNA) plays a major role in translation.
Translation is the method by which an mRNA codes for a certain protein. mRNA provides the template for protein synthesis.
The ribosome translates the mRNA that is produced from the DNA into a chain of certain amino acids and protein synthesis is facilitated by this amino acid sequence.
The genetic code, which connects the DNA sequence to the amino acid sequence of proteins, is used to "read" the mRNA. Each group of three nucleotides in mRNA forms a codon, and each codon corresponds to a particular amino acid (triplet code).
Thus mRNA contains the code that specifies the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.
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When a novel property emerges that was not present at the simpler level of organization. a. New property b. Evolution c. Emergent property d. Advancing property e. Natural selection
C. emergent property is the answer.
Emergent properties are properties that a collection or complex system has, but its individual members do not. Failure to recognize that property is urgent or incidental can lead to the fallacy of division.
In other words, emergent properties are properties of a group of objects that are not found in individual objects, such as insects, atoms, and buildings. Examples of emergent properties are cities, brains, ant colonies, and complex chemical systems.
Some examples of emergent properties are those of life where life begins to emerge at the cellular level. What is under the cell is not alive. The cells then interact and come together to produce other emergent properties such as tissues, organs, organisms, and populations.
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When testing diffusion over a selectively permeable membrane, you placed different liquids into special containers. The proper setup was to
When testing diffusion over a selectively permeable membrane, the proper setup is aimed at putting different concentrations into tubes and the same water volume.
What is a selectively permeable membrane?A selectively permeable membrane is a physical barrier that allows the passage of certain substances but not others.
The cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that cells need to interchange nutrients and waste with their environment.
In conclusion, a suitable experiment to show the process of diffusion in a selectively permeable membrane is to put concentrations of the solute into tubes and the same volume of solvent (water).
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18. What should be the frequency of the AA, Aa, and aa genotype if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the genotype frequencies should be 0.49 AA, 0.42 Aa, and . 09 aa.
Frequency of genotypes "AA" and "Aa". The frequency of AA is equal to p2 and the frequency of Aa is equal to 2pq. Therefore, using the above information, the frequency of AA is 16% (that is, p2 is 0.4 x 0.4 = 0.16) and Aa is 48% (2pq = 2 x 0.4 x 0.6 = 0.48).
Scientists need to look at at least two generations to find out if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. If the allele frequency is the same for both generations, the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
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Primary varicoceles are associated with all of the following, except: * 5 points Palpable extratesticular mass Infertility Left sided location Retroperitoneal mass
Primary varicoceles are associated with all of the following, except retroperitoneal mass.
Veins in your scrotum that expand cause a varicocele (the pouch of skin that holds your testicles Palpable intratesticular mass). The pampiniform plexus is the name given to these veins. Ten to fifteen males out of one hundred have varicocele and causes infertility. It is comparable to developing varicose veins in your leg.Varicoceles occur when the scrotal pampiniform plexus veins expand. Similar to varicose veins are these veins (twisted, swollen veins, found in the leg.) Varicoceles develop during adolescence. Over time, you might start to notice them more and they might get bigger. On the left side of the scrotum, varicoceles seem to be more common.learn more about Primary varicoceles here: https://brainly.com/question/15292735
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A large population of yellow perch lives in the east river. the walleye is a larger fish that eats the yellow perch. despite lots of prey all the walleye have moved from the east river to a new river. what most likely caused the walleye to move to a different river?
The lack of adaptations to the habitat most likely caused the walleye to move to a different river.
Adaptation
It is a biological mechanism that increases the chance of its survival in a new environment or the changes in the existing environment. Adaptation occurs as a result of evolution and allows the organism to survive and reproduce efficiently in its environment.
Physical adaptations include accumulating changes in the physical characteristics of an organism that help them to survive and reproduce better. Example: evolution of long necks in giraffes.
Behavioral adaptations are changes in the behavior or habits of organisms that help them to sustain in a changing or new environment. Example: Hibernation.
Due to some reason, the walleye were not able to adapt to the environment of the east river which is why they must have moved to a new river despite the presence of a lot of prey.
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Define the following terms as used in ecosystem:. Community.. Population. Food chain. Food web.
Answer:
Hello !
Ecosystem An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organisms. It's also a system formed by an ecological community and its environment that functions as a unit.
population is the people living within apolitical or geographical boundary. in biology a community of animals, plants, or humans among whose members interbreeding occurs.
a community of animals, plants, or humans among whose members interbreeding occurs."fluctuations in populations of voles and lemmings"
Food chain the feeding relationships between species in a biotic community. also the series of processes by which food is grown or produced, sold, and eventually consumed.
Food web a diagram showing the organisms that eat other organisms in particular ecosystem, predators being higher in the web than their prey.
Which of the following is/are TRUE about alleles?
I. An allele is an alternative form of a gene.
II. An allele is located at a specific position on homologous chromosomes.
III. An allele is inherited from the mother only.
A. Statements I and II
B. Statement I and III
C. Statements II and III
D. Statements I, II, and III
Answer:
A. Statements I and II are correct.
haemophilia is an x-linked recessive disorder that is always pass their generations that can be traced by using a pedigree what is the probability that the female child of Charles and Marie will suffer from hemophilia
The probability of the female child of Charles and Marie suffering from hemophilia is 50% or 0.5.
What is the probability of hemophilia?Hemophilia is a disease that is linked to the X-chromosome.
The probability of having female who suffers from hemophilia depends on the genotype of the parents.
Assuming that the genotype of the parents are as follows:
Father: XcY --> hemophilic
Mother: XXc --> carrier
A cross between the parents will produce two female offspring with genotypes, XcXc and XXc.
Therefore, the probability of the female child of Charles and Marie suffering from hemophilia is 50% or 0.5.
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