In conclusion, Both 'mutation is the basis of evolutionary genetic change' and 'mutations prevent the proper functioning of a gene' are True, but R is not the correct explanation of A (Option A).
What are genetic mutations?Genetic mutations are any type of modification in the genetic material (DNA sequence) of an organism.
Mutations provide the raw material for evolution, but mutation can be beneficial, deleterious, or neutral depending on the environment.
In conclusion, both statements are True, but R is not the correct explanation of A (Option A).
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If the half-life of a certain protein is 2.4 hours, how long will it take for the protein concentration to be reduced to 12.5% of its original concentration
Answer:ait will take 25 hours
Explanation:
In an experiment carried out to study the energy flow through an ecosystem, scientists measured the total solar energy captured by plants to be 10,000 kilocalories. The portion of this available to the next trophic level will be ___.
1,000 kilocalories of energy available to the next trophic level.
What Is The 10 Rule What Is Its Significance Why Is Energy Lost?The 10 percent rule states that only ten percent of the energy in an ecosystem will be transferred from one trophic level to the next. An energy pyramid provides a graphic representation of energy loss at each level of the feeding stages of species in an ecosystem.
So, energy captured in the next trophic level = 10,000 kilocalories of 10%
= 1,000 kilocalories
Energy is lost as metabolic heat when animals from one trophic level are ingested by species from the next level, hence energy diminishes as it goes up the food chain. Energy transmission between trophic levels is quantified by trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE).
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When a mycelium infiltrates into a previously untapped source of dead organic matter, what are most likely to appear within the food source soon after
Fungal digestive enzymes are most likely to appear within the food source soon after.
What is Fungal digestive enzymes?Fungal enzymes are active in an acidic environment that mimics the physiology of the human stomach.Production of fungal enzymes primarily involves submerged fermentation techniques.Digestionary enzymes are produced by your pancreas, small intestine, and stomach. The "powerhouse" of digestion's enzymes is actually the pancreas. The most crucial digestive enzymes, which break down proteins, lipids, and carbs, are produced by it.Learn more about enzyme here:
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What contributes to waste management by recycling metabolic products and converting toxic substances into less toxic ones
The kidneys contribute to waste management by recycling metabolic products and converting toxic substances into less toxic ones.
Kidneys are an important organ of animals as they provide a channel for the disposal of body waste and simultaneously regulate the balance in the level of salt and water in the body.
Kidneys work as microfilters that are capable of eliminating dissolved and suspended forms of ammonia, uric acid, urea, creatine, creatinine, amino acids, excess salts, and water along with proper disposal of organic waste which altogether constitutes the metabolic waste of the body. These substances before being finally excreted from the boy undergo a last round of reabsorption.
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Avery and his coworkers showed that the agent responsible for changing nonvirulent bacteria into virulent bacteria was
Answer:
Avery and his coworkers showed that the agent responsible for changing nonvirulent bacteria into virulent bacteria was DNA.
Explanation:
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the hereditary unit of an organism. The DNA is formed of nucleotide sequence that codes for specific proteins in an organism. Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms, that is, their genetic material is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane. The study performed by Avery and his coworkers used enzyme that inactivates different classes of biomolecules in the heat killed virulent bacterial strain. This mixture was used to inoculate the avirulent bacterial cell to conclude that the factor for converting bacteria to virulent was DNA.
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A restraint that provides protection without having to be handled by the occupant is called.
What is a substrate
In biology 1, a substrate 2 is the top on which an organism (such as a plant, fungus or animal) is living. A substrate 2 can cover biotic 3 or abiotic materials and animals. For example, encrusting algae 4 that lives on a great stone (its substrate 2) can be itself a substrate 2 for an animal that lives on top of the algae 4
1. Complete the Punnett square for a cross between a homozygous red-flowered snapdragon (RR) and a
homozygous white-flowered snapdragon (R'R'). Give the genotype and phenotype of the offspring in
the F₁ generation.
Key
RR - red
R'R' - white
RR' - pink
F₁
8
genotype:
phenotype:
What type of cytotoxic T cells respond to foreign antigens only in association with class I MHC glycoproteins
CD8+ type of cytotoxic T cells responds to foreign antigens only in association with class I MHC glycoproteins.
What are cytotoxic T cells?
Cytotoxic T cell is a particular class of immune cell that is capable of eliminating specific types of cells, such as virus-infected cells, cancer cells, and alien cells. To destroy cancer cells, cytotoxic T cells can be isolated from other blood cells, cultured in a lab, and then administered to a patient.
Helper T cells binding to a processed antigen on the same dendritic cell as the MHC-class II presenting a processed cancer cell antigen enhances cytotoxic T-cell complete activation. Cytotoxic T cells release two cytokines in particular, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, which facilitate the activation of macrophages.
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Identify the class of lipid to which the following molecule belongs. Group of answer choices steroid triacylglycerol glycerophospholipid fatty acid prostaglandin
The molecule belongs to the class of lipids called Steroids.
Steroids do not resemble lipids because of their structure, which consists of four fused rings, yet they are lipids since they are hydrophobic and insoluble in water. A precursor to vitamin D, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, aldosterone, cortisol, and bile salts, cholesterol is the most prevalent steroid.Another type of lipid molecules is the class of steroids, which are distinguished by their structure of four fused rings. Steroids are classified as lipids even though they do not structurally resemble the other lipids since they are also hydrophobic and insoluble in water. Growth, development, sexual differentiation, and reproduction all benefit from the use of steroids.
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___________ separate(s) a carrying species from a nesting species. Response to loving and kissing Interest in cuddling and playing Breast milk composition and frequency of demand feedings The amount of food and type of food a newborn eats
Breast milk composition and frequency of demand feedings separate a carrying species from a nesting species.
What does patterns of parental care mean?The patterns of parental care can be defined as stimuli that shape the relationship between parent and offspring in different species.
Carrying species are those species where parent care do not involve building nests for their offspring (conversely to nesting species).
In conclusion, breast and demand feedings separate a carrying species from a nesting species.
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Which factor is not important in determining the membrane potential when there are multiple permeant ions
The sum total of all of the ions on both sides of the membrane is not important in determining the membrane potential when there are multiple permeant ions.
Membrane potential :
The difference in electric potential between a biological cell's interior and exterior is known as membrane potential (also known as transmembrane potential or membrane voltage). That is, different amounts of energy are needed for electric charges to travel from inside of cells to outside environments, and vice versa.
The equilibrium potentials of the ions to which the membrane is permeable are represented by the membrane potential. An ion's ability to carry electricity determines how much it will affect a cell's membrane potential.
The two factors which is important in determining the membrane potential when there are multiple permeant ions are :
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The highlighted region is the highest visual acuity because it contains the highest concentration of ________.
Answer:
cones
Explanation:
The Philadelphia chromosome results when a portion of chromosome 9 is swapped for a portion of chromosome 22. This type of mutation is called a _______ and leads to cancer.
Answer:
translocation
Explanation:
What should for extraction of protein from placental tissue by some advance tequnique
Answer:because it would change the world of life and how it spins connect to the living things
Explanation:
Which occurs when the body responds to the environment by maintaining a stable internal environment despite changing
external conditions
Answer:
Homeostasis
Explanation:
it's the ability to have stability
Wallace's "flying frog" can glide through the air through the tree canopy by using its webbed feet. This saves the effort of making its way down to the forest floor and climbing up another tree. This capability is an excellent example of...
This capability is an excellent example of Amphibians.
Definition of AmphibianAmphibians are cold-blooded, vertebrate animals that have both a terrestrial and an aquatic phase of life. They spend most of their time in the water and breathe through gills (living on land, breathing with lungs).
An amphibian is said to be cold-blooded if it is unable to produce its own heat. Instead, they fluctuate in temperature in response to their surroundings.Vertebrate refers to a category of animals that include amphibians and has a spine or backbone.Aquatic refers to being in the water. Amphibians start out in the water, using their tails to swim and their gills to breathe.Terrestrial entails being on land. Amphibians leave the water to live on land when they get older and acquire lungs and legs.The frog is arguably the most well-known species of amphibian. You likely already know that frogs.
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Offspring inherit _________________; if one or both parents passes on a gene with DNA that does not code for functional proteins, disorders like phenylketonuria can result.
Offspring inherit one copy of each gene from both parents if one or both parents passes on a gene with DNA that does not code for functional proteins, disorders like phenylketonuria can result.
How do parents pass on one copy of each gene to their children?Their mother passes one copy on to them through the egg, while their father passes the other one along (via the sperm). Each egg and sperm have a single set of 23 chromosomes. Two copies of each chromosome and two copies of each gene are present when the sperm fertilizes the egg, resulting in the formation of an embryo.
An autosomal recessive metabolic genetic condition called phenylketonuria (PKU) is defined by a mutation that renders the gene for the hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) inactive.
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The picture shows an organ system in the human body. What do these organs do in the human body?
The organs represented in the image are the Brain, nerve, and spinal cords that monitor and react to changes in the body and its environment.
What are Organs?Organs may be defined as an assemblage of tissues that structurally construct an operational unit specialized to accomplish a distinct operation and functions in the body of a living organism.
The nerves function in sending and receiving signals to the brain from external stimuli. They give the perception of feeling pain, relaxation, stress, etc to the brain according to the situations.
The complete question is as follows:
The picture shows an organ system in the human body.
Brain, Nerve, and spinal cord.
What do these organs do in the human body?
They filter pathogens and dead cells out of lymph before it returns to the blood.They monitor and react to changes in the body and its environment.They release hormones that control the activities of cells and organs.They identify and destroy things that are foreign or harmful to the body.Therefore, the correct option for this question is B, i.e. They monitor and react to changes in the body and its environment.
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1. Describe the effect on the rate of photosynthesis if the temperature is increased from 10°c to 20°c
Answer:
As temperature increases the number of collisions increases, therefore the rate of photosynthesis increases.
Explanation:
However, at high temperatures, enzymes are denatured and this will decrease the rate of photosynthesis
One primitive trait of Ardipithecus ramidus is its Group of answer choices opposable big toe flat face. pelvis. hip. PreviousNext
One primitive trait of Ardipithecus ramidus is its opposable big toe
The hominin species Ardipithecus ramidus has large grabbing toes that make it better adapted for walking than chimpanzees at climbing trees. An australopithecine species called Ardipithecus ramidus lived 4.4 million years ago in the Afar area of Early Pliocene Ethiopia (mya). Contrary to modern hominids, A. ramidus has adaptations for both life in the trees and walking on two legs (bipedality) (arboreality).The anatomy is quite simple. Upper canines are evolved from Australopithecus afarensis and have a diamond form as opposed to the pointed shape seen in African apes. It appears that lower canines have less developed characteristics.learn more about Ardipithecus ramidus here: https://brainly.com/question/13930239
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. The pelvis of Ardipithecus ramidus is one of the creature's fundamental characteristics. hip; flat face oppositional toe.
1. One primitive trait of Ardipithecus ramidus is its Group of answer choices pelvis. flat face. hip. opposable toe.
2.Two evolutionary processes that may produce a cline in a human allele or trait are Group of answer choices gene flow and genetic drift. mutations and Hardy-Weinberg processes. sexual selection and natural selection. founder effect and gene flow
3. Modern humans have genes from which of the following species. Group of answer choices Neanderthals and Denisovans Habilis and Erectus Floresiensis and Naledi Afarensis and Habilis
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The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of the distal convoluted tubule. the collecting duct. the nephron loop. the proximal convoluted tubule. both the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct.
The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of the nephron loop (loop of Henle) and the collecting duct.
What are the loop of Henle and the collecting duct?
Each kidney nephron has a long, U-shaped section of tubule called the loop of Henle that carries urine. It can be discovered in the kidneys of mammals, reptiles, and birds. Utilizing the concept of "countercurrent multiplication," the main purpose of the Henle loops and the thick ascending limb of the distal tubule is to concentrate urine.
Nephrons are physically connected to a minor calyx or the renal pelvis by a network of tubules and ducts that make up the kidney's collecting duct system. Aldosterone and vasopressin regulate mechanisms in the collecting duct system, the final component of the nephron, that contribute to electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion (antidiuretic hormone).
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photosynthesis Reaction
Which reactant in the photosynthesis equation is
the source of hydrogen for sugar molecules?
Answer:
when the photo state is plant used sunlight to break apart water into hydrogen and oxygen the carbonyl the resulting hydrogen with carbon dioxide from the air to create
Explanation:
during photosynthes light energy conversion Exide and water and returns into glucose and oxygen the projects for the city is the process to use make their own food at the requins of photosynthes are carmetic exercise and water
The sperm of one sea urchin species cannot bind to the eggs of a different sea urchin species. This exemplifies what type of reproductive isolating mechanism
This is due to Gametic isolation/ incompatibility.
What is Gametic incompatibility?It is a type of barrier where fertilization does not takes place even when the gametes (sperm and egg) come in contact with each other.In this, the gametes of different species are not able to recognize each other.A chemotactic molecule resact from the egg jelly of sea urchin species is specific for the sperms of that species and is not able to attract sperms of other species towards itself.Learn more about reproductive isolation here:
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Which phase of the bacterial growth curve is defined by zero net growth due to a lack of nutrients and excessive waste products being present
The phase in the bacterial growth curve which is defined by zero net growth due to a lack of nutrients and excessive waste products being present is the death phase of the growth curve.
The bacterial growth curve is a curve that depicts the number of viable live cells in a bacterial culture over a span of time. This growth curve has four very distinct phases, which are- lag phase, log phase, stationary phase, death phase.
Lag phase- The first phase which is the period of metabolic growth rather than division of cells.Log phase- The second phase where the cells are dividing and increasing in numbers.Stationary phase- The third phase where the bacterial cells reach a stagnant period and stop dividing due to the lack of nutrients.Death phase- The last phase where there is no metabolic growth or cellular division. The culture is filled with metabolic wastes from the lysis of cells.Learn more about the growth curve here-
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What are the key points of inherited and acquired traits?
For revision
Explanation:
Acquired traits are the one that a person develops during his lifetime. These are not passed from one generation to another. On the other hand, inherited traits are present in the person since the time of his birth and are passed on from one generation to another.
Which tool enhances weather forecasts by enabling monitoring, which is necessary for predicting global weather and environmental events?.
Hi, the answer is satellite.
The nervous system is divided into the central
nervous system and the peripheral nervous
system.
Which is the responsibility of the peripheral
nervous system?
A. Responding to stimuli
B. Pumping blood throughout the body
C. Supporting the body
D. Digesting food
Which specialty or subdivision (Like gross anatomy, surface anatomy, histology, regional anatomy etc) might focus on studying all of the structures of the ankle and foot?
Regional anatomy might focus on studying all of the structures of the ankle and foot.
What is Regional Anatomy?The shapes, locations, and relationships of the human body's structures in a particular region are the subject of regional anatomy. One of the fundamental building blocks of safe and effective medical practice is a thorough understanding of regional anatomy. After finishing this course successfully, students should receive knowledge of the major anatomical divisions, such as those of the thorax or upper limb, with an emphasis on the interactions between the numerous systemic structures (such as the muscles, nerves, and arteries) found there. Understanding the morphological function of the various body regions in relation to one another and the body as a whole. The capacity to employ regional anatomical knowledge to comprehend the underlying anatomical causes of actual biological issues.To learn more about Anatomy refer to:
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NADPH is made by Question 37 options: a) the Krebs cycle. b) chemiosmosis. c) glycolysis. d) the passing of electrons from photosystem I to an electron transport chain. e) the Calvin cycle.
Answer:
D) Passing of electrons from Photosystem I to electron transport chain.
Explanation:
The NADPH is generated in the thylakoid membrane first in order to energize the second stage of photosynthesis (Calvin Cycle). Calvin Cycle takes place in the stroma, so that choice is out. Choices A, B, and C are in cellular respiration, and NADPH is not made in that process, so that leaves choice D.