As we will soon see in Section 4.5, gasoline is a complex mixture of alkanes and other hydrocarbons, and the term "octane rating" is used as a standard measure of the performance of engine fuel. In the petroleum industry, one area of interest is the use of catalysts to convert unbranched alkanes and branched alkanes with higher octane ratings (Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute 2004, 47, 1–10). For example, heptane can undergo isomerization in the presence of suitable catalysts to give eight different constitutional isomers, all of which are branched alkanes with the molecular formula C7H16. Draw all eight constitutional isomers, making sure not to draw the same compound twice.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

C₇H₁₆ is heptane and it has nine isomers (n-heptane and the remaining 8 constitutional isomers). Constitutional isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula or atom connectivity.

The constitutional isomers of n-pentane are 2-methylhexane, 3-methylhexane, 2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane, 3,3-dimethylpentane, 3-ethylpentane and 2,2,3-trimethylbutane. There structures are in the picture attached

As We Will Soon See In Section 4.5, Gasoline Is A Complex Mixture Of Alkanes And Other Hydrocarbons,

Related Questions


In a mixture of bromine-79 and bromine-81 isotopes. An atom of bromine-79 contains?

Answers

Answer:

Bromin-79

Explanation:

The isotope bromine-79 will contain 35 protons, 35 electrons and 44 neutrons.

Kinetic and potential energy are two types of energy that relate too

Answers

Answer:

Option B. A tractor–trailer traveling at 80 kph.

Explanation:

Kinetic energy can be defined as the energy possessed by a body in motion. Mathematically, it is expressed as:

K.E = ½mv²

Where:

K.E is the kinetic energy.

m is the mass of the object.

v is the velocity of the object.

From the equation, K.E = ½mv²,

We can say that the kinetic energy (K.E), is directly proportional to both the mass (m) and square of the velocity (v). This implies that the greater the mass of an object, the greater the kinetic energy and the smaller the mass, the smaller the kinetic energy.

Now, considering the options given in question above, it is evident that the tractor–trailer has a greater mass than the car, cheetah and motor cycle. Hence, the tractor–trailer will have a greater kinetic energy even though they are traveling with the same velocity.

WILL mark Brainliest

Answers

Answer:

Ok what question

Explanation:

uhh what question do you need help with?

PWEASE REVIEW ME AND ME MATES TEEF

Answers

So the first one is yellow and the other one is white

Which one of these is not a characteristic of electromagnetic waves.

amplitude

wavelength

frequency

intensity

Answers

Answer:

Amplitude

Explanation:

Is the moons rate rotation that same as earths

Answers

Answer:

no

Explanation:

Answer:no

Explanation:The moon orbits the Earth once every 27.322 days. It also takes approximately 27 days for the moon to rotate once on its axis.

How are plants,animals,and bacteria alike

Answers

Answer:

They all carry bacteria you have to feed it

Explanation:

Answer:

They all have  Organisms.

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

Brainliest Please.

The sulfuric acid–catalyzed reaction of isopentyl alcohol with acetic acid to form isopentyl acetate is performed. This reaction does not proceed to completion. After the reaction is heated under reflux for an hour, the product mixture is washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, and the organic layer is thoroughly dried. A distillation of the organic layer is then performed. Given the boiling points listed below, select the compound that will distill first.
Compound Boiling point, ℃
acetic acid 118
isopentyl acetate 142
isopentyl alcohol 130
sulfuric acid water 290

Answers

Answer:

The correct option is acetic acid

Explanation:

Distillation is the process of separating a mixture of substances based on differences in boiling points. During distillation, the compound with the lowest/least boiling point is distilled and collected first and then the one with the next least boiling point and it goes on like that.

From the explanation above, acetic acid has the least boiling point (in the organic layer) with 118°C and thus will distill first. This is then followed by isopentyl alcohol (130°C) and then isopentyl acetate (142°C) and finally sulfuric acid water (290°C).

How many atoms of N (nitrogen) are there in 1 mole of NH4Cl?

Answers

Answer:

In one mole of NH₄Cl  6.022 × 10²³ atoms of N are present.

Explanation:

Given data:

Number of atoms of N = ?

Number of moles of NH₄Cl = 1 mol

Solution:

First we have to calculate the number of  atoms in NH₄Cl .

There is only 1 mole of N in 1 mole of NH₄Cl .

Now we will calculate the number of atoms of nitrogen in one mole of N  by using Avogadro number.

It is the number of atoms , ions and molecules in one gram atom of element, one gram molecules of compound and one gram ions of a substance.

The number 6.022 × 10²³ is called Avogadro number.

1  mole of N = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms of N

Thus in one mole of NH₄Cl  6.022 × 10²³ atoms of N are present.

A person drops two objects from the same height. one object weighs 15 N and the other weighs 10 N
A The 10 N object has the same mass as the 15 N object
B The 15 N object has twice the mass of the 10 N object
C The 15 N object has more mass than the 10 N object
D The 10 N object has more mass than the 10 N object

Answers

C) The 15N object has more mass than the 10N object

The state of matter of a material depends on its
O A) density
OB) temperature
O C) volume
OD) weight

Answers

Answer:

Tempature

Explanation:

Matter can move between any two states (or phases) of matter depending on the pressure and temperature conditions. ... The temperature of the melting and boiling points depend on the identity of the substance and the atmospheric pressure.

Also apex.

Answer:

temperature

Explanation:

an example here

ice

when its cold ice tends to stay as a solid but as the temperature rises the ice melts and turns into a liquid... with more heat the water will turn into gas

How is light emitted

Answers

Answer:

The frequencies of light that an atom can emit are dependent on states the electrons can be in. When excited, an electron moves to a higher energy level or orbital. When the electron falls back to its ground level the light is emitted.

Answer:

A Light is produced when an electron moves from a higher to a lower energy level.

Explanation:

what is the relationship between netforce and acceleration based on the situation?​

Answers

Answer:

The net force is greater at the second situation as well as the acceleration due to the contribution of the second guy.

Explanation:

Hello.

In this case, since the net force is computed via adding all the exerted forces on a body, for the first situation we can see that the net force equals the force provided by that guy when pulling, whereas in the second situation the net force equals the force of both of the guys pulling the car:

[tex]F_N_1=F_1\\\\F_N_2=F_1+F_2[/tex]

For the acceleration, we can see that applying an extra force (due to the second guy) turns out into a greater acceleration, that is why the car at the second situation reaches the tree whereas the other one does not.

Best regards.

10. What is the change in the boiling point of water at 1000 C per Pa change under atmospheric pressure conditions? The molar enthalpy of vaporization is 40.69 kJ mol-1, the molar volume of liquid water is 0.019 x 10-3 m3 mol-1, and the molar volume of steam is 30.199 x 10-3m3 mol-1, all at 1000 C and 1.01325 bar. (Hint: change in temperature per change in pressure)

Answers

Answer:

The answer  is  [tex]\frac{dT}{dP} = 2.84*10^{-4}\ K/Pa[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

  The boiling point of water is  [tex]T_b = 100^oC = 100 + 273 = 373 \ K[/tex]

  The enthalpy of vaporization is  [tex]\Delta H_{vap} = 40.69 \ kJ mol-1 = 40.69 *10^{3} \ J/mol[/tex]

  The molar volume of liquid water is  [tex]V =0.019 * 10^{-3} m^3 mol^{-1}[/tex]

   The molar volume of steam is  [tex]V_s = 30.199 * 10^{-3} \cddot m^3\cdot mol^{-1}[/tex]

  The pressure is  [tex]P = 1.01325 \ bar[/tex]

Gnerally from Clausius Clapeyron equation we have that

      [tex]\frac{dP}{dT} = \frac{\Delta H_{vap}}{ T * \Delta V}[/tex]

Here  [tex]\Delta V = V_s - V[/tex]

=>     [tex]\Delta V = [30.199 * 10^{-3} ] - [ 0.019 * 10^{-3}][/tex]

=>     [tex]\Delta V = [30.199 * 10^{-3} ] - [ 0.019 * 10^{-3}][/tex]      

=>     [tex]\Delta V = 0.03018 \ m^3 mol^{-1}[/tex]          

So

    [tex]\frac{dP}{dT} = \frac{40.69 *10^{3} }{ 373 * 0.03018}[/tex]

=>  [tex]\frac{dP}{dT} = 3522.28 \ Pa/K[/tex]

Generally from the we are ask to obtain the change in the boiling point of water at 1000 C per Pa change under atmospheric pressure conditions which is mathematically represented as

       [tex]\frac{d T}{dP}[/tex]

So

    [tex]\frac{dT}{dP} = \frac{1}{\frac{dP}{dT} } = \frac{1}{3522.28}[/tex]

=> [tex]\frac{dT}{dP} = \frac{1}{\frac{dP}{dT} } = 2.84*10^{-4}\ K/Pa[/tex]

What is the velocity of a wave?

A. How much energy the wave has
B. How quickly the wave travels
C. The distance between two wave peaks
D. The distance between the high and low points of the wave

Answers

The answer is b. How quickly the wave travels

Write the balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of sulfur trioxide to sulfur dioxide and
oxygen.

Answers

Answer:

The balanced equation is 2SO2+O2→2SO3 .

A hypothesis must be testable. Which hypothesis is testable? *

Ablue is the best color.
BSummer is nicer than fall.
CDogs are better than cats.
DA beagle can jump higher than a Persian cat.

Answers

the answer is D because can be tested the others ones is opinion

please mark me as brainliest

A non polar covalent bond (pure covalent) would form in which of the following pairs of atoms?
A.) H-Cl
B.) Se-Br
C.) Na-Cl
D.) Br-Br

Answers

The answer is Br-Br

Liquid hexane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water . Suppose 17. g of hexane is mixed with 101. g of oxygen. Calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced by the chemical reaction. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.

Answers

Answer:

52g of carbon dioxide

Explanation:

Liquid hexane + gaseous oxygen --> Carbon dioxide + gaseous water

The balance chemical equation is given as;

C6H12 + 9O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O

From the stochiometry of the reaction;

1 mol of hexane (86g) would consume 9 mol of oxygen (144g) to form 4 mol of carbon dioxide (264g)

The limiting reactant in this equation is hexane as it would run out before oxygen. This means hexane determines how much of the carbon dioxide is formed.

86g of hexane = 264g of crbon dioxide

17g of hexane = xg of carbon dioxide

x = 17 * 264 / 86 =  52g of carbon dioxide

Match the descriptions below with the graphs. Be sure to explain your answers.

Answers

There are no graphs

g If the pressure of each gas is increased at constant temperature until condensation occurs, which gas will condense at the lowest pressure

Answers

The question is incomplete; the complete question is;

If the pressure of each gas is increased at constant temperature until condensation occurs, which gas will condense at the lowest pressure?

A) Octane

B) Ethane

C) Butane

D) All the gases will condense at the same pressure

Answer:

Octane

Explanation:

If we study the table closely we will realize that octane has the greatest molecular mass among all the gases shown.

The greater the molecular mass, the lower the pressure required for the condensation of the gas. Hence, the lowest pressure is required for the condensation of octane at constant temperature.

Write the equation for the dehydration of the CoCl2 hydrate

Answers

Answer:CoCI2+6H20
......hope this helped

Galium is a metal that can melt in your hand at 302.93 k. what is the temperature in celcius ?

Answers

Explanation:

subtract it into 273.15to convert it in to celcius

If you are given 22.990 g of sodium and 12.011 g of carbon, which sample do you expect to have more particles?

Answers

Answer:

they are expected to have the same particles because their masses are the same with there molar mass

Rank lead, phosphorus, and barium in order of increasing ionization energy.
A) Pb < P < Ba
B) Ba < P < Pb
C) Pb < Ba < P
D) Ba < Pb < P

Answers

Answer:

D) Ba < Pb < P

Explanation:

Barium (Ba): 5,2117

Lead (Pb): 7,4167

Phosphorus (P): 10,4867

Increasing order of ionization energy:

Ba < Pb < P

Electronic configurations of given elements

Pb: [Xe] 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p²

P:   [Ne] 3s² 3p³

Ba: [Xe] 6s²

All the given elements have stable half-filled subshells. But phosphorus has the smallest atomic size among them, so it will have the lowest tendency to remove an electron from its valence shell and hence will require the highest amount of ionization energy.  Barium has a higher atomic size than lead, therefore it has lower ionization energy than lead.

How are ionization energy and atomic size related?The force of attraction is stronger when the electron is closer to the nucleus, and as a result, more energy is needed to overcome this attraction and remove the electron.Therefore, the ionization energy increases with decreasing radius and vice versa.

Learn more about trends of ionization energy here:

https://brainly.com/question/6842791

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As the atomic number of elements increases across a period on the periodic table, the atomic radius

Answers

Answer:

Decreases  

Explanation:

When an atom is trying to obtain stability, what part(s) of the atom change(s)?

Answers

Answer: If the outer shell is filled, the atom is stable. Atoms with unfilled outer shells are unstable, and will usually form chemical bonds with other atoms to achieve stability.

(hope this helps ^^)

what is the volume in cubic meter and in cubic decimeter of 2.0mol of nitrogen on gas at 1000c and 100,000pa? (R=8.31j/molk)​

Answers

Given parameters:

Number of moles of Nitrogen = 2.0mole

Temperature of the gas = 1000c

Pressure on the gas = 100000Pa

Gas constant R = 8.31J/molK = 0.082atmdm³mol⁻¹k⁻¹

Unknown:

Volume in cubic meter and cubic decimeter = ?

Solution:

The ideal gas law is given as;

       PV  = nRT

where P is the pressure on the gas

          V is the volume of the gas

         n is the number of moles

         R is the gas constant

         T is the temperature of the gas

Let us convert to appropriate units;

      1000°C to K;

       K  = 1000 + 273  = 1273K

100000Pa to atm;

           101325Pa  = 1atm

           100000Pa = 0.99atm

 Input the parameters and solve for the unknown;

      0.99 x V  = 2 x 0.082 x 1273

                   V  = 210.9dm³

to m³;

        1000dm³   = 1m³

        210.9dm³ = [tex]\frac{210.9}{1000}[/tex]   = 0.21m³

In chemical reactions, what does the law of conservation of mass mean?
Group of answer choices

Matter is not created nor destroyed.

The total mass of the products is greater than the total mass of the reactants.

The total mass of the reactants is less that the total mass of the products.

Matter is not changed.

Answers

Answer

The law of conservation of mass states that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations. According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the products in a chemical reaction must equal the mass of the reactants.

What is the mean of the data set [3, 2, 2, 12, 6, 5, 14,4)?
O2
O 7

Answers

Answer:

the mean is 6 but you don't have that as an option.

Explanation:

the mean is the average.

to find the mean you have to add all of your data first

3 + 2 + 2 + 12 + 6 + 5 + 14 + 4 = 48

then you have to divide your answer by how many numbers there are in total.

48 / 8 = 6

the mean is 6.

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