In practice, perfect price discrimination is unlikely to occur for all of the following reasons except it is illegal.
Perfect price discrimination refers to a pricing strategy where a firm charges each customer a price equal to their willingness to pay. This allows the firm to extract maximum consumer surplus and eliminate deadweight loss. However, perfect price discrimination is unlikely to occur in practice due to various reasons. It is difficult to identify the willingness to pay of every buyer, as individual preferences and valuations vary. It is also challenging to prevent resale, as customers may buy at a lower price and sell to others. Additionally, not many firms have sufficient monopoly power to implement perfect price discrimination effectively. However, the legality of perfect price discrimination depends on the jurisdiction, and it may be allowed in certain situations.
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On June 1, Grill Master Ltd. had an inventory of 10 barbeques at a cost of $440 each. Grill Master uses a periodic inventory system. During the month of June the following transactions occurred:
Jun 3 Purchased 25 barbeques at a cost of $440 each from BBQ King Ltd., terms n/30.
5 Paid $200 freight for the barbeques purchased on June 3.
6 Sold 12 barbeques to Outdoor Grill for $760 each, term n/30. The returns estimate was 5%.
7 Received credit from BBQ King for the return of two defective barbeques.
13 Issued a credit to Outdoor Grill for the return of one defective barbeque.
16 Received a credit from BBQ King for the defective barbeque returned by Outdoor Grill.
19 Purchased 10 barbeques from Backyard Barbecues at a cost of $440 each, terms 2/10, n/30.
20 Paid freight of $200 on the June 19 purchase.
On June 30, Grill Masters ending inventory was $6,440
Instructions
(a) Prepare journal entries to record the above transactions.
and explanations!
In June, Grill Master Ltd. recorded several transactions, including purchases, sales, returns, and freight payments. The corresponding journal entries were made to accurately reflect these transactions.
To record the transactions for Grill Master Ltd. in the month of June, the following journal entries would be made:
June 3:
Inventory (25 x $440) 11,000
Accounts Payable 11,000
(To record the purchase of 25 barbeques from BBQ King Ltd.)
June 5:
Inventory 200
Accounts Payable 200
(To record the freight payment for the barbeques purchased on June 3)
June 6:
Accounts Receivable 9,120
Sales Revenue 9,120
(To record the sale of 12 barbeques to Outdoor Grill)
Cost of Goods Sold 4,368
Inventory 4,368
(To record the cost of goods sold for the 12 barbeques sold)
June 7:
Accounts Payable 880
Inventory 880
(To record the return of two defective barbeques to BBQ King)
June 13:
Accounts Receivable 760
Sales Returns and Allowances 40
Inventory 40
(To record the return of one defective barbeque from Outdoor Grill)
June 16:
Accounts Payable 440
Inventory 440
(To record the return of the defective barbeque from Outdoor Grill to BBQ King)
June 19:
Inventory (10 x $440) 4,400
Accounts Payable 4,400
(To record the purchase of 10 barbeques from Backyard Barbecues)
June 20:
Inventory 200
Accounts Payable 200
(To record the freight payment on the June 19 purchase)
June 30:
Cost of Goods Sold 8,000
Inventory 8,000
(To record the cost of goods sold for the remaining inventory)
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Project A requires a $280,000 initial investment for new machinery with a five-year life and a salvage value of $30,000, Project A is expected to yield annual income of $20,000 per year and net cash flow of $70,000 per year for the next five years. Compute Project A's accounting rate of return.
Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) is a capital budgeting metric that is used to determine the profitability of a project. Project A's accounting rate of return is 22.86%
To calculate Project A's accounting rate of return, we can use the following formula:
ARR = (Average Annual Income / Initial Investment) × 100
Where: Average Annual Income = (Total Income - Salvage Value) / Number of Years
Total Income = Net Cash Flow × Number of Years
Let's now calculate the accounting rate of return for Project A using the given data.
Initial Investment (I) = $280,000
Salvage Value (S) = $30,000
Net Cash Flow (NCF) = $70,000
Number of Years (n) = 5
Total Income = Net Cash Flow × Number of Years
= $70,000 × 5
= $350,000
Average Annual Income = (Total Income - Salvage Value) / Number of Years
= ($350,000 - $30,000) / 5
= $64,000
Now, let's substitute these values into the ARR formula
ARR = (Average Annual Income / Initial Investment) × 100
= ($64,000 / $280,000) × 100
= 22.86%
Therefore, Project A's accounting rate of return is 22.86%.
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Embleton Company estimates that variable costs will be 55% of sales, and fixed costs will total $837,000. The selling price of the product is $4.
New attempt is in progress. Some of the new entries may impact the last attempt grading.
Your answer is partially correct.
Calculate the break-even point in units and dollars.
Break-even point units
Break-even point $
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Your answer is incorrect.
Assuming actual sales are $2,480,000, calculate the margin of safety in dollars and as a ratio.
Margin of safety $
Margin of safety ratio %
The margin of safety is $620,000 and the margin of safety ratio is 25%.
How to find the margin of safetyTo calculate the break-even point in units, we can use the formula:
Break-even point (in units) = Fixed costs / Contribution margin per unit
First, we need to calculate the contribution margin per unit:
Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit
Given that variable costs are 55% of sales and the selling price is $4, we can calculate:
Variable cost per unit = 55% of $4 = $2.20
Contribution margin per unit = $4 - $2.20 = $1.80
Now we can calculate the break-even point in units:
Break-even point (in units) = $837,000 / $1.80 = 465,000 units
Therefore, the break-even point in units is 465,000 units.
To calculate the break-even point in dollars, we can multiply the break-even point in units by the selling price per unit:
Break-even point (in dollars) = 465,000 units * $4 = $1,860,000
Now let's calculate the margin of safety:
Margin of safety (in dollars) = Actual sales - Break-even point (in dollars)
Margin of safety (in dollars) = $2,480,000 - $1,860,000 = $620,000
To calculate the margin of safety ratio, we divide the margin of safety in dollars by actual sales and multiply by 100:
Margin of safety ratio = ($620,000 / $2,480,000) * 100 = 25%
Therefore, the margin of safety is $620,000 and the margin of safety ratio is 25%.
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Describe four product types and purchasing practices with an example of each product type.
Supplier selection is a process to identify the most viable business partner(s) and develop a long-term relationship between an organization and suppliers. Supplier selection is crucial for the following:
Reduce purchase risks (quality of the product)
Save an organization’s financial resources (proper pricing)
Smooth operation (matching capability and delivery commitment)
Sensitive to business integrity and intellectual properties.
Suppliers as a partner can be part of the success of any organization.
Convenience goods, shopping goods, specialty goods, and unsought goods are four types of product types.
Supplier selection is crucial for reduce purchase risks (quality of the product), save an organization’s financial resources (proper pricing), smooth operation (matching capability and delivery commitment), and suppliers as a partner can be part of the success of any organization. Therefore, the correct options are option 1, 2, 3, and 5.
The four product types are convenience goods, shopping goods, specialty goods, and unsought goods. Each of these types has different purchasing practices and examples.
1. Convenience goods: Convenience goods are inexpensive products that consumers purchase regularly and without much thought. The purchasing practices for convenience goods are that they are usually sold in many places, are priced affordably, and require little research to purchase.
Example: Soft drinks, toothpaste, and newspapers.
2. Shopping goods: Shopping goods are products that consumers purchase less frequently and take more time and effort to research. Consumers are willing to spend more time and money on these products. Purchasing practices include comparative shopping, a longer decision-making process, and seeking out quality information.
Example: Electronics, furniture, and clothing.
3. Specialty goods: Specialty goods are high-end products that are not sold in many locations. They are more expensive than convenience and shopping goods, and consumers usually have a brand preference. Purchasing practices include seeking out specific stores and locations, researching quality, and higher price points. Example: Luxury cars, designer clothing, and fine wines.
4. Unsought goods: Unsought goods are products that consumers do not know about or do not want to purchase. They require more marketing effort and consumer persuasion. Purchasing practices include creating awareness and interest in the product, providing incentives and promotional pricing.
Example: Burial plots, life insurance, and funeral services.
The supplier selection process is essential for all of the following reasons except D) Sensitive to business integrity and intellectual properties.
Supplier selection is crucial for the following reasons:
A) Reducing purchase risks, such as ensuring the quality of the product and timely delivery.
B) Saving an organization’s financial resources by ensuring proper pricing and reducing costs.
C) Ensuring smooth operations by matching supplier capability and delivery commitments.
E) Building long-term relationships with suppliers who can contribute to the organization's success.
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In any given week, Anne receives satisfaction only from the consumption of goods and from the consumption of leisure LL, which is measured in hours. Obviously, Anne consumes many different types of goods, but for simplicity we aggregate the dollar value of all the goods that she consumes during the week and call it CC. Assume that if Anne chooses to work, the hourly wage rate is w=5 and she has to sleep 8 hours per day. Potentially, if she wants, she can work up to 7 days a week.
1) If Anne chooses to devote 0 hours to leisure during the week, how much can she consume? C= ?
2) If Anne chooses to devote all available hours (except those she has to sleep) to leisure during the week, how much can she consume? C =?
3) If Anne chooses to devote 30 hours to leisure during the week, how much can she consume? C
4) Suppose w=5w=5 and the government gives Anne a subsidy of $250. She receives this money unconditionally, regardless of how many hours she works. We define Anne's budget set over bundles of C and L, i.e. (C,L). Placing C on the horizontal axis and L on the vertical axis, depict Anne's budget set. The outer boundary of Anne's budget set has a kink at (C,L)=(250,____) (fill in the blank)
5) Suppose w=5w=5 and the government gives Anne a subsidy such that her consumption is at least $250. That is, if she does not work at all, the government gives her $250. If she works enough to earn some d<250d<250 dollars towards consumption, the government gives her $250−d$250−d. If she works enough to earn d≥250d≥250, the government does not give her anything. We define Anne's budget set over bundles of C and L, i.e. (C,L). Placing C on the horizontal axis and L on the vertical axis, depict Anne's budget set. The outer boundary of Anne's budget set has two kinks. One kink - the one with the higher LL of the two - is at (C,L)=(250,____) (fill in the blank)
If Anne chooses to devote 0 hours to leisure during the week, how much can she consume? C= ?If Anne chooses to devote 0 hours to leisure during the week, she will have 7 * 24 - 8 * 7 = 112 available hours for work. Her budget set can be written as 112w = C or C = 112 * 5 = 560. Thus, if Anne chooses to devote 0 hours to leisure during the week, she can consume $560.2)
If Anne chooses to devote all available hours (except those she has to sleep) to leisure during the week, how much can she consume? C =?If Anne chooses to devote all available hours (except those she has to sleep) to leisure during the week, she will have no time for work. So, her budget set can be written as
0 = C or C = 0.
Thus, if Anne chooses to devote all available hours to leisure during the week, she can consume $0.3) If Anne chooses to devote 30 hours to leisure during the week, how much can she consume? C If Anne chooses to devote 30 hours to leisure during the week, she will have 7 * 24 - 8 * 7 - 30 = 50 available hours for work.
Her budget set can be written as
50w + LL = C or C = 250 + 5LL.
Given that Anne devotes 30 hours to leisure during the week, her budget set can be written as
C = 250 + 5 * 30 = 400.
Thus, if Anne chooses to devote 30 hours to leisure during the week, she can consume $400.4) Suppose w=5w=5 and the government gives Anne a subsidy of $250. She receives this money unconditionally, regardless of how many hours she works. We define Anne's budget set over bundles of C and L, i.e. (C,L). Placing C on the horizontal axis and L on the vertical axis, depict Anne's budget set.
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In a 2-3 page paper, analyze the circumstances surrounding the War of 1812. Discuss whether it is true (as has been alleged) that the war itself was an attempt to take advantage of the British when they were involved with the French in Europe. Is this an accurate assessment of the war? Support your conclusions using facts and evidence. Then discuss whether or not using this maneuver against the British would have been wrong in the context of the events happening at that time. Remember to use supporting citations from the textbook and online lectures.
The War of 1812 was a conflict between the United States and Great Britain that began in 1812 and lasted until 1815. The conflict was caused by numerous factors, including British interference with American shipping, British support for Native American resistance, and American territorial expansion.
The United States went to war with Britain in 1812 for a variety of reasons. Among the most important were British impressment of American sailors and interference with American trade, which threatened American sovereignty and prosperity. Additionally, Americans were eager to expand their territory westward and believed that British support for Native American resistance was an impediment to that goal. Furthermore, War Hawks, a group of young, nationalist politicians, pushed for war in order to assert American power and protect American honor and dignity.The War of 1812 was not solely an attempt to take advantage of British weakness in Europe.
The United States had legitimate grievances against Britain and was motivated by a desire to protect its sovereignty and interests in North America.The War of 1812, also known as the Second War of American Independence, was an important conflict in American history. Despite its significance, it is often overshadowed by other conflicts, such as the American Revolution and the Civil War. Nonetheless, the War of 1812 played an important role in shaping the United States' national identity and foreign policy.
In conclusion, the War of 1812 was a complex conflict that was caused by a variety of factors, including British interference with American sovereignty, American territorial expansion, and American nationalism. While it is true that the United States took advantage of British weakness in Europe, this was not the sole motivation for the war.
Instead, the United States had legitimate grievances against Britain and was motivated by a desire to protect its sovereignty and interests in North America. Using this maneuver against the British was not necessarily wrong in the context of the events happening at that time, as the United States was acting in its own interests and protecting its sovereignty and honor. Overall, the War of 1812 was an important conflict that helped shape the United States' national identity and foreign policy.
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Can a surplus always be beneficial when compared to a deficit?
Why?
(emphasis on always)
No, a surplus cannot always be beneficial when compared to a deficit. Whether a surplus or a deficit is beneficial depends on the specific economic context and conditions. Here's a more detailed explanation:
1. Economic Context: In certain situations, a surplus may be undesirable or indicate underlying problems in the economy. For example, if there is a surplus of unsold goods or excess production capacity, it can lead to reduced investment, layoffs, and economic downturn. In such cases, a deficit might be preferred as it indicates higher levels of demand and economic activity.
2. Macroeconomic Policies: Surpluses and deficits can also be influenced by macroeconomic policies. In some cases, a government may deliberately run a deficit to stimulate the economy through increased spending and investment. This can be beneficial during periods of economic recession or low growth. On the other hand, running persistent deficits can lead to unsustainable levels of debt, higher interest rates, and inflation, which can have negative consequences in the long run.
3. External Factors: Surpluses and deficits in international trade can also have different implications. While a surplus in trade can indicate competitiveness and export strength, it may also lead to trade imbalances, protectionism, and disputes with trading partners. On the other hand, a deficit in trade can be indicative of reliance on imports or lack of competitiveness in certain sectors, but it can also signify strong domestic consumption and investment.
Therefore, it is not accurate to say that a surplus is always beneficial compared to a deficit. The impact of surpluses and deficits depends on various factors, including the economic context, macroeconomic policies, and external factors. It is crucial to assess the specific circumstances and consequences to determine the desirability of a surplus or a deficit in a given situation.
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On January 1, 2020, Blossom Manufacturers had 294,000 common shares outstanding. On April 1, the corporation issued 29,400 new common shares to raise additional capital. On July 1, the corporation declared and distributed a 10% stock dividend on its common shares. On November 1, the corporation repurchased on the market 11.700 of its own outstanding common shares to make them available for issuances related to its key executives' outstanding stock options, Assume that Blossom Manufacturers had a 1-for-10 reverse stock split instead of a 10% stock dividend on July 1, 2020. Calculate the weighted average number of shares outstanding as at December 31, 2020. (Round answer to 0 decimal places, eg 5,255.) shares Weighted average number of shares outstanding
The value of the weighted average number of shares outstanding as at December 31, 2020 is 229,350 shares.
Calculation of weighted average number of shares outstanding using 1-for-10 reverse stock split:
When the corporation had a 1-for-10 reverse stock split instead of a 10% stock dividend on July 1, the number of shares outstanding would be 294,000 + 29,400 - 11,700 = 311,700 common shares.
For the first half of the year, the weighted average number of shares outstanding was:
294,000 × 3/12 = 73,500 shares
For the second half of the year, the weighted average number of shares outstanding was:
311,700 × 1/2 = 155,850 shares
Therefore, the weighted average number of shares outstanding as at December 31, 2020 would be:73,500 + 155,850 = 229,350 shares.
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What are the variables in your study, their measurement, and interrelationships? development of hypothesis should also be included, if there is any mediator or moderator variables, and the operationalization of the subjective variables. You are expected to make a brief presentation of this assignment
You must include these points as they highlight the variables, measurements, interrelationships, and hypothesis development of the study.
This study focuses on examining the effectiveness of a language model in generating responses. The main variables of interest are "Response Coherence" and "Factual Accuracy." Response coherence measures the logical flow and contextual relevance of the generated responses, while factual accuracy evaluates the correctness and reliability of the information provided.
The interrelationship between these variables is expected to be positive, suggesting that higher response coherence will likely correspond to higher factual accuracy. This study aims to assess the performance of the language model in generating coherent and accurate responses, aiming to contribute to a deeper understanding of its capabilities and limitations.
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Your nominal wage increases by 10%, and the overall price level increases by 12%. Which statement is correct?
- If you feel richer, you are experiencing money illusion
- If real wages are the only consideration
- If a large group of U.S. workers begins to retire, you can expect
The correct statement from the options provided is "If real wages are the only consideration."
The impact of inflation on nominal wages is accounted for in real wages. We must adjust nominal wages for changes in the general level of prices in order to determine real wages. In this instance if nominal wages rise by 10% while prices as a whole rise by 12% this indicates that the nominal wage increase is insufficient to counteract the rise in prices.
The increase in nominal wages would not necessarily translate into a rise in purchasing power or a sense of wealth if we only take into account real wages which take inflation into account. In fact real wages might even decline in the event that price growth outpaces wage growth which would reduce purchasing power.
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Mandeville's belief about commercial society, if one takes his allegory seriously, is that for commercial societies to thrive: A. Vice is the most necessary component B. Virtue is the most necessary component C. Virtue and vice must be made friends D. Virtue must be tempered with a little vice E Vice must be tempered with a little virtue Of everything which we possess there are two uses, both belonging to the thing as such, but not in the same manner, for one is proper and the other improper..." Attribute this need/want distinction to: A. Confucius B. Plato C. Aristotle D. Thales E. Berger and Luckman According to Thoreau, any "career" engagement with business needs only to provide the following in order to entertain the true problems of life: A. Food, shelter, water, self-esteem B. Food, water, shelter, fuel C. Food, shelter, clothing, fuel D. Food, shelter clothing, education E Food, water, shelter, education A Confucian government would emphasize large-scale production for the purpose of creating jobs; income, demand, and consumption. True False When Mandeville explains the effect of declining prices, mass layoffs, and companies struggling to survive in the hive, he is describing which economic event? A. Deflation B. Recession C. Inflation CD. Both A and B E. Both B and C
Mandeville's belief about commercial society, if one takes his allegory seriously, is that for commercial societies to thrive: Vice is the most necessary component.
In Mandeville's allegory, vice is seen as the most essential component of the market economy. He argues that private vices result in public benefits since they force people to work harder, innovate, and create new goods and services. As a result, the nation's economy becomes more prosperous, benefiting everyone involved. Therefore, for a commercial society to flourish, vice is required and must be allowed to flourish without constraints.A Confucian government would emphasize large-scale production for the purpose of creating jobs; income, demand, and consumption. False (Statement is false)Confucian government would be less likely to prioritize employment over sustainability. They would rather have policies that will establish the societal harmony and stability through the cultivation of personal and governmental virtue instead of prioritizing production of goods, services, and consumption. Therefore, the statement is false.When Mandeville explains the effect of declining prices, mass layoffs, and companies struggling to survive in the hive, he is describing which economic event?Deflation. When the economy is suffering from deflation, the prices of goods and services decline. It occurs when the supply of goods and services is greater than the demand. It results in mass layoffs and companies fighting to stay afloat. Therefore, Mandeville explains deflation's effect on the economy in his allegory, "The Fable of Bees".Learn more about market economy
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Consider the classical model of a small open economy with perfect capital mobility. Suppose the government introduces an investment tax credit, increasing the incentive for businesses to build new factories.
(a) Graphically illustrate the impact of the investment incentive on the real exchange rate and net exports. Be sure to label clearly the following: axes, curves, initial equilibrium values, the direction of curve shifts, and terminal equilibrium values.
(b) Explain the impact illustrated in part (a) by referring to the effect on investment, saving, net capital outflows, and the demand and supply of the domestic currency in the foreign exchange market.
(c) If the economy was initially running a trade deficit, what is the impact of the investment incentive on the trade deficit?
Investment incentives are policies that the government has put in place to attract investors to its domestic market or to boost the growth of current firms. The graphic illustration showing the impact of the investment incentive on the real exchange rate and net exports is attached below.
Investment incentives include fostering a climate that reduces risks and permits foreign enterprises to operate profitably.
Imagine that the government wanted to raise the amount of investment in the economy by introducing an investment tax credit. More money will be invested. There will also be a decline in saving at the same period. Additionally, net capital outflow will decrease. Because there will be an investment tax credit and a consequent increase in foreign capital inflow, investing in the country will be more profitable. As a result, the currency will become more in demand on the currency exchange market. Consequently, the currency rate will also go up.
The level of investment output and employment increase when the government provides investment. Additionally, the poetry will be able to make greater production, and export will be promoted. As a result trade deficit will decline.
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harvest cereals imports wheat as an ingredient for its product line. the current price of wheat per bushel will allow for a reasonable profit margin. but, harvest understands that the global price of wheat changes, sometimes quite often, and is worried that the price of the next shipment due in the near future will change from its current level. given this scenario, what option position will provide the best wheat hedge?
In order to hedge against the potential price changes of wheat, the option position that will provide the best wheat hedge would be: Buy put options on wheat. (Option 3)
Buying put options on wheat allows Harvest Cereals to have the right, but not the obligation, to sell wheat at a predetermined price (the strike price) within a specified period of time (until the option's expiration date). By purchasing put options, Harvest Cereals can protect itself from potential price decreases in wheat. If the price of wheat falls below the strike price, the put options will gain value, offsetting the loss in the physical wheat purchase.
Writing (selling) put options (option 1) exposes Harvest Cereals to the risk of having to purchase wheat at a higher price if the market price drops below the strike price.
Writing straddles (option 2) involves simultaneously selling both put and call options on wheat. This strategy may not be the best choice for hedging a specific directional price risk, as it benefits from high volatility and uncertainty rather than protecting against price changes.
Writing call options (option 4) would expose Harvest Cereals to potential losses if the price of wheat rises above the strike price, as they would be obligated to sell wheat at a lower price.
Buying call options (option 5) does not provide an effective hedge against potential price decreases in wheat, as it only allows the right to buy at a predetermined price and would result in a loss if the price decreases.
Therefore, buying put options on wheat (option 3) is the most suitable option to hedge against potential price changes and protect Harvest Cereals from unfavorable price movements in their wheat imports.
The correct question is:
Harvest Cereals imports wheat as an ingredient for its product line. The current price of wheat per bushel will allow for a reasonable profit margin. But, Harvest understands that the global price of wheat changes, sometimes quite often, and is worried that the price of the next shipment due in the near future will change from its current level. Given this scenario, what option position will provide the best wheat hedge?
1. Write put options on wheat
2. Write straddles on wheat
3. Buy put options on wheat
4. Write call options on wheat
5. Buy call options on wheat
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Galaxy Co. sells virtual reality (VR) goggles, particularly targeting customers who like to play video games. Galaxy procures each pair of goggles for $150 from its supplier and sells each pair of goggles for $300. Monthly demand for the VR goggles is a normal random variable with a mean of 120 units and a standard deviation of 30 units. At the beginning of each month, Galaxy orders enough goggles from its supplier to bring the inventory level up to 100 goggles. If the monthly demand is less than 100, Galaxy pays $20 per pair of goggles that remains in inventory at the end of the month. If the monthly demand exceeds 100, Galaxy sells only the 100 pairs of goggles in stock. Galaxy assigns a shortage cost of $40 for each unit of demand that is unsatisfied to represent a loss-of- goodwill among its customers. Management would like to use a simulation model to analyze this situation. (a) What is the average monthly profit resulting from its policy of stocking 100 pairs of goggles at the beginning of each month? Round your answer to the nearest dollar. 3600 (b) What is the proportion of months in which demand is completely satisfied?
(a) The average monthly profit resulting from its policy of stocking 100 pairs of goggles at the beginning of each month is $3600 (rounded to the nearest dollar).
(b) The proportion of months in which demand is completely satisfied is 0.2514 or 25.14%.
a) Galaxy Co. procures each pair of goggles for $150 from its supplier and sells each pair of goggles for $300.Monthly demand for the VR goggles is a normal random variable with a mean of 120 units and a standard deviation of 30 units.
If the monthly demand is less than 100, Galaxy pays $20 per pair of goggles that remains in inventory at the end of the month. If the monthly demand exceeds 100, Galaxy sells only the 100 pairs of goggles in stock. Galaxy assigns a shortage cost of $40 for each unit of demand that is unsatisfied to represent a loss-of- goodwill among its customers.
Also, Galaxy orders enough goggles from its supplier to bring the inventory level up to 100 goggles.At the beginning of each month, the number of goggles stocked = 100The number of goggles sold (as per demand) = min(100, D), where D represents the monthly demand.
The number of unsatisfied units of demand = max (0, D - 100).
The profit can be calculated as follows:
For D ≤ 100:
Galaxy pays $150 for each pair of goggles and sells it for $300. Therefore, the profit per unit of goggles sold, PS = $300 - $150 = $150. If the demand is D, then profit, P = PS x D.
For D > 100:
Galaxy pays $150 for each pair of goggles and sells it for $300. Therefore, the profit per unit of goggles sold, PS = $300 - $150 = $150.
The number of unsatisfied units of demand = D - 100. Hence, the unsatisfied demand cost (shortage cost) = $40 x (D - 100).
If the demand is D, then the profit, P = PS x 100 - $40 x (D - 100) = $16000 - $40D.
b) Proportion of months in which demand is completely satisfied is given by the probability of demand being less than or equal to the number of goggles stocked at the beginning of each month.Proportion of months in which demand is completely satisfied is:
P[D ≤ 100] = P[Z ≤ (100 - 120)/30] = P[Z ≤ -0.67] = 0.2514.
So, the proportion of months in which demand is completely satisfied is 0.2514 or 25.14%.
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Joe’s house cleaning is a company that provide household junk
removal services. The owner of the company thinks they can cross
sell power washing (that is, cleaning the outside of a house and
drivew
Joe’s House Cleaning, as the name implies, is a company that specializes in household junk removal.
The owner of the company is considering expanding his offerings by including power washing, which entails cleaning the outside of a house and driveway. Cross-selling is a strategy that can aid businesses like Joe's House Cleaning in boosting sales by offering additional services to existing customers. In this case, the goal is to persuade existing clients who use the junk removal service to use the power washing service as well.
The company already has an existing customer base who trust them and are familiar with their services. By cross-selling the power washing service, the company can leverage this established relationship to expand its business offerings and create new revenue streams. Cross-selling will also make the company more competitive by providing a full range of services. Offering power washing to clients will also provide an additional revenue stream that would have been lost if customers had to hire another company to handle power washing.
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Last month when Holiday Creations, Incorporated, sold 40,000 units, total sales were $160,000, total variable expenses were $112,000, and fixed expenses were $35,800. Required: 1. What is the company's contribution margin (CM) ratio?
The company's contribution margin (CM) ratio is 0.3 or 30%.
To calculate the company's contribution margin (CM) ratio, we need to first calculate the contribution margin. The contribution margin is the difference between total sales and total variable expenses.
In this case:
Total sales = $160,000
Total variable expenses = $112,000
Contribution Margin (CM) = Total Sales - Total Variable Expenses
CM = $160,000 - $112,000
CM = $48,000
The contribution margin ratio is the contribution margin divided by total sales:
CM Ratio = CM / Total Sales
CM Ratio = $48,000 / $160,000
To simplify the ratio, we can divide both the numerator and denominator by 1,000:
CM Ratio = 48 / 160
CM Ratio = 0.3
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All of the accounts from the Smyth Company Balance Sheet for the
year ending December 31, 2021 are given below: Accounts
payable=\$18,900 Accounts epsilon receivable=$29,780;
accruals=$13,390 Accumula
Accounts Payable: $18,900; Accounts Receivable: $29,780; Accruals: $13,390.
What are the account balances on the Smyth Company Balance Sheet for the year ending December 31, 2021, including Accounts Payable, Accounts Receivable, and Accruals?The accounts listed in the Smyth Company Balance Sheet for the year ending December 31, 2021 include Accounts Payable of $18,900, Accounts Receivable of $29,780, and Accruals of $13,390.
Accounts Payable represents the outstanding amount owed by the company to its suppliers or creditors for goods or services received but not yet paid for.
Accounts Receivable, on the other hand, represents the amount owed to the company by its customers for goods or services provided on credit.
Lastly, Accruals refer to expenses that have been incurred but not yet paid for or recorded, typically related to services received or goods consumed.
These accounts provide insight into the company's short-term liabilities (Accounts Payable) and short-term assets (Accounts Receivable), while Accruals help capture the company's current financial obligations that have yet to be settled.
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Communication among employees at social gatherings tends to , _________________________whether the gatherings are sponsored by the employer or not.
A. Encourage vertical but not horizontal communication B. Promote a strong organizational culture C. Generate negative interpersonal relations
D. Create a grapevine where one does not exist
The correct option is D. Create a grapevine where one does not exist.
Communication among employees at social gatherings tends to create a grapevine where one does not exist, whether the gatherings are sponsored by the employer or not. The grapevine is a form of informal communication system in an organization that is often gossipy and unreliable. It is usually based on rumors, hearsay, and informal conversations among employees. It can transmit information quickly, but it can also create misunderstandings and false beliefs.The grapevine is an essential part of organizational communication. It provides a means for employees to exchange information and ideas outside of formal communication channels. The grapevine can help employees stay informed about important issues in the organization and can also provide social support. However, it can also spread misinformation and rumors that can be harmful to the organization.Communication among employees at social gatherings can create a grapevine where one does not exist because employees are more relaxed and open outside of work. They may share information and opinions that they would not share in a formal setting. This can lead to the spread of rumors and other forms of gossip that can be damaging to the organization.
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what kind of investment stock does Amazon have?
Amazon (AMZN) is a publicly traded firm with a variety of shares available on the NASDAQ stock exchange. Amazon's market capitalization is about $1.7 trillion as of June 2021, making it one of the world's most valuable firms. Let's look at some of the different forms of stock that Amazon offers.
Common Stock
Amazon's common stock is the most commonly known type of stock. They are traded on public markets and are frequently referred to as equities. When someone buys a share of common stock, they are purchasing a small piece of ownership in the corporation. Common stockholders have voting rights on company matters such as electing board members and other decisions, as well as the ability to earn dividends if the corporation decides to issue them.
Preferred Stock
Preferred stock is another kind of stock that Amazon offers. Preferred stockholders receive a higher dividend rate than common stockholders, but they do not have the same voting rights. If a corporation issues dividends, preferred stockholders are paid before common stockholders. If the company goes bankrupt, preferred stockholders have a priority claim on company assets ahead of common stockholders.
Amazon Stock Purchase Plan
Amazon also provides an employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) for its employees. This enables workers to purchase Amazon shares at a discount price. This is not available to the general public, but only to Amazon employees.
The ownership structure of Amazon, as well as its financial health and growth prospects, can all affect the type of stock that an investor may want to buy.
As previously mentioned, Amazon has both common and preferred shares available, which means that investors must decide which type of investment is best for them. Common stockholders may be interested in having a say in corporate decisions, while preferred stockholders may be more concerned with earning a consistent dividend payout. It's important to understand how these different forms of stock operate, as well as the risks and benefits of owning them. Investors should always consult with a financial advisor before making investment decisions.
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Human Resources: Designing Compensation and benefits
packages
Explain the legally required benefits in compensation.
The legally required benefits in compensation are Social Security and Medicare Taxes, Paid Time Off , Health Insurance.
Social Security and Medicare Taxes: Employers are required to pay Social Security and Medicare taxes for their employees, which is usually matched by the employee.
Paid Time Off (PTO): Some states in the United States require employers to offer paid time off for vacation or illness purposes. This could be in the form of a specific number of days or hours each year.
Health Insurance: Employers with a certain number of employees are required to provide health insurance coverage to their full-time employees.
This requirement is under the Affordable Care Act (ACA).Workers’ Compensation: Employers are required to have workers’ compensation insurance in case their employees get injured or become ill as a result of their job.
Other benefits may not be legally required, but can be used to attract and retain employees. These may include retirement plans, life insurance, and tuition reimbursement.
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Which of the following is not one of the differences between international trade and domestic trade? A. International trade typically requires the use of foreign exchange markets. B. There are actual or potential barriers to the flow of inputs in international trade. C. There are actual or potential barriers to the flow of outputs in international trade. D. The law of comparative advantage does not apply in domestic trade, only in international trade.
The answer is D. The law of comparative advantage does not apply in domestic trade, only in international trade.
The law of comparative advantage is a fundamental principle in international trade that states that countries should specialize in producing goods and services in which they have a lower opportunity cost and trade with other countries to maximize overall efficiency and welfare. This principle applies to international trade because different countries have different resources, technologies, and production capabilities.
In domestic trade, within a single country, the law of comparative advantage does not play a significant role because the country does not face the same resource constraints and trade-offs as it does when engaging in international trade. Domestic trade is primarily driven by market forces, supply and demand, and domestic policies, rather than the concept of comparative advantage.
Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it highlights a difference between international trade and domestic trade.
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Given the following information, calculate the net operating income assuming below-line treatment of capital expenditures: property: 4 office units, contract rents perunit: $2,500 per month; vacancy and collection losses: 15%; operating expenses: $42,000, capital expenditures: 10%. Please show your work
With a net operating income (NOI) of $60,000 after taking into account the final disposal of capital expenditures.
To calculate net operating income (NOI) given the capital expenditure treatment below, it is necessary to consider real estate rental income, vacancy and recovery losses, and operating expenses. Here is the breakdown of the calculation:
Rental income:
Number of office units:
Four
Contract rent per unit:
$2,500/month
Total monthly rental income:
4 units * $2,500 = $10,000
Annual rental income:
$10,000 * 12 = $120,000
Vacancy and collection loss:
Vacancy rate and collection loss rate:
15D44 Vacancies and Recovery Losses:
$120,000 * 0.15 = $18,000
Effective gross income:
Effective Gross Income (EGI) = annual rental income – vacancies and recovery losses
EGI = $120,000 – $18,000 = $102,000
Operating expenses:
Operating expenses:
$42,000
Net operating income:
Net Operating Income (NOI) = EGI – Operating Expenses
NOI = $102,000 – $42,000 = $60,000
investment:
Investment rate:
10.Capital investment:
$102,000 * 0.10 = $10,200
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Contracts for the purchase of real estate in Washington State must be: 1. In writing 2. Notarized 3. Both A & B 4. On a specific real estate purchase form 2. Notarized 4. On a specific real estate purchase form 1. In writing 3. Both A & B
Contracts for the purchase of real estate in Washington State must be in writing is the correct answer, which means option 1 is the correct one
A contract is an agreement between two or more parties that is enforceable by law. Contracts can be written or oral, and they can be as simple or complex as the parties require.
Real estate contracts, also known as purchase agreements, are used to buy and sell real estate. Contracts for the purchase of real estate in Washington State must be in writing and signed by both parties. A real estate contract is a legally binding agreement that establishes the terms and conditions of a real estate transaction.
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onstruct a PERT chart from the following task table ( make sure
you also put TE and TL and slack time)
0 Time Estimate in (weeks) R P 1 1 2 3 2 3 3 5 5 2 4 4 1 1 2 1 2 4 4 4 6 8 3 2 Estimated Time (O+4R+6)/6 1.83 3.3 3.3 3.3 5 5 2.5 1.8 Preceeding Activity 1 1 2,3 4 4 6 5,7
In the PERT chart, the following data used the formula i.e., Total Slack = LF-EF or LS-ES.
An effective project management tool for planning, coordinating, and scheduling work within a project is a PERT chart, often known as a PERT diagram.
Project managers can analyze each individual job in the project by using the graphical depiction of the project's chronology that is provided.
The calculation for TE(Early Start and Early Finish) and TL(Late Start and Late Finish) is:
Expected time = (O + 4×R + P) / 6
Therefore, the formula is used to calculate the PERT chart as follows:
Early Start (ES) = Maximum (or Highest) EF value from immediate Predecessor(s)
Early Finish (EF) = ES + Duration
Late Start (LS) = LF – Duration
Late Finish (LF) = Minimum (or Lowest) LS value from immediate Successor(s)
Total Slack = LF-EF or LS-ES
The following calculation is shown in the figure.
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An antique collector is deciding between opening a business now or 1.5 years later. To open now, she estimates that the initial costs amount to $230,000 and the present value of the sales is $350,000. If instead she opens her business 1.5 years later, she expects that the costs to be paid at that time grow at a compound interest rate of 6.5% per annum. To describe the uncertainty in the evolution of the sales figure, she uses a binomial tree model with an up step of u = 1.3 and a down step of d 1.3 and a down step of d = 0.7 every six months. The risk-free effective interest rate is 3% per annum. a (a) Determine whether she should open her business now or 1.5 years later, and calculate the current value of the (real) option to delay.
(b) If the beta of the antique business itself is 2.5, what is the beta of the whole project?
The current value of the (real) option to delay is $290,517.24 and the beta of the whole project is given by 3.5.
(a) If the antique collector opens the business now, the initial cost will be $230,000, and the present value of sales is $350,000. Therefore, the net present value (NPV) of this option would be $350,000-$230,000 = $120,000. Using a binomial tree model, we can calculate the expected sales of the business in 1.5 years.
Using u = 1.3 and d = 0.7, the stock price (sales) in 1.5 years is as follows:
P (Up, Up) = 350,000 × (1.3)² = $603,550P
(Up, Down) = 350,000 × 1.3 × 0.7 = $317,750P
(Down, Up) = 350,000 × 0.7 × 1.3 = $317,750P
(Down, Down) = 350,000 × (0.7)² = $175,000
Using the risk-neutral probability, the expected sales in 1.5 years would be:
P= [ (1+ Risk-free interest rate) - d /u - d ] / [u - d ]= [ (1 + 0.03) - 0.7 / 1.3 - 0.7 ] / [1.3 - 0.7] = 0.558.
The expected sales in 1.5 years will then be:
Expected sales in 1.5 years = $603,550 × 0.558 + $175,000 × (1 - 0.558) = $375,659.9.
Using the present value formula and a discount rate of 3%, the current value of the option to delay is as follows:
Current value of the option to delay = [$375,659.9 / (1 + 0.03)¹.⁵] - $350,000= $290,517.24
Therefore, if the antique collector delays her business for 1.5 years, the current value of the option to delay would be $290,517.24, which is greater than the NPV of $120,000 if she opens the business now. Thus, it is advisable for the antique collector to delay the opening of her business for 1.5 years.
(b) If the beta of the antique business itself is 2.5, the beta of the whole project would be calculated as follows:
β of the whole project = β of the business × [1 + (1 - Tax rate) × Debt/Equity Ratio]
= 2.5 × [1 + (1 - 0.4) × 0.4/0.6]
= 2.5 × 1.4
= 3.5
Therefore, the beta of the whole project is 3.5.
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Assets that produce their greatest benefits to a firm early in their useful life should be depreciated using the
O straight-line method.
O declining-balance method.
O compound interest method.
O units-of-activity method.
Assets that produce their greatest benefits to a firm early in their useful life should be depreciated using the declining-balance method Therefore the correct option is B.
The declining-balance method is best suited for assets that produce their greatest benefits to a firm early in their useful life. This method allows for a higher rate of depreciation in the early years of an asset’s life and progressively lower rates as the asset ages.
This is because many assets are most productive when they are new, and their productivity decreases as they age and require repairs and maintenance. Therefore, this method better reflects the actual usage of the asset and results in higher depreciation expenses in the earlier years, which match with the asset's higher contribution to revenue.
Hence the correct option is B
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Ron and Hermione formed Wizard Corporation on January 2. Ron contributed cash of $280,000 in return for 50 percent of the corporation’s stock. Hermione contributed a building and land with the following fair market values and adjusted basis in return for 50 percent of the corporation’s stock: FMV Tax-Adjusted Basis Building 168,000 42,000 Land 252,000 168,000 Total $ 420,000 $ 210,000 To equalize the exchange, Wizard Corporation paid Hermione $140,000 in addition to her stock. (Leave no answer blank. Enter zero if applicable. Negative amounts should be indicated by a minus sign.) rev: 10_05_2018_QC_CS-141665 a. What amount of gain or loss does Ron realize on the formation of the corporation? What amount, if any, does he recognize? b. What is Ron’s tax basis in the stock he receives in return for his contribution of property to the corporation?c. What amount of gain or loss does Hermione realize on the formation of the corporation? What amount, if any, does she recognize?d. What is Hermione’s tax basis in the stock she receives in return for her contribution of property to the corporation?e. What adjusted basis does Wizard Corporation take in the land and building received from Hermione? (Do not round intermediate calculations.)Assume Hermione’s adjusted basis in the land was $280,000. f. What amount of gain or loss does Hermione realize on the formation of the corporation? What amount, if any, does she recognize? (Do not round intermediate calculations.)Assume Hermione’s adjusted basis in the land was $280,000. g. What adjusted basis does Wizard Corporation take in the land and building received from Hermione?Assume Hermione’s adjusted basis in the land was $420,000. h. What amount of gain or loss does Hermione realize on the formation of the corporation? What amount, if any, does she recognize?Assume Hermione’s adjusted basis in the land was $420,000. i. What adjusted basis does Wizard Corporation take in the land and building received from Hermione?
a. Ron realizes no gain or loss on the formation of the corporation because he contributed cash in exchange for stock. He recognizes no gain or loss.
b. Ron’s tax basis in the stock he receives is equal to the amount of cash he contributed, which is $280,000.
c. Hermione realizes a gain of $210,000 on the formation of the corporation because the fair market value of the property she contributed ($420,000) is greater than her adjusted basis in the property ($210,000).
However, she does not recognize this gain because the exchange of property for stock in a corporation is generally a non-taxable event.
d. Hermione’s tax basis in the stock she receives is equal to her adjusted basis in the property she contributed ($210,000) plus the amount of cash she received ($140,000), for a total of $350,000.
e. Wizard Corporation takes an adjusted basis in the land and building received from Hermione equal to her adjusted basis in the property ($210,000).
f. If Hermione’s adjusted basis in the land was $280,000 instead of $168,000, her total adjusted basis in the property she contributed would be $322,000.
She would realize a gain of $98,000 on the formation of the corporation ($420,000 - $322,000). However, she would still not recognize this gain because the exchange of property for stock in a corporation is generally a non-taxable event.
g. If Hermione’s adjusted basis in the land was $280,000 instead of $168,000, Wizard Corporation would take an adjusted basis in the land and building received from Hermione equal to her adjusted basis in the property ($322,000).
h. If Hermione’s adjusted basis in the land was $420,000 instead of $168,000, her total adjusted basis in the property she contributed would be $462,000.
She would realize no gain or loss on the formation of the corporation because her adjusted basis would be equal to the fair market value of the property she contributed ($420,000).
i. If Hermione’s adjusted basis in the land was $420,000 instead of $168,000, Wizard Corporation would take an adjusted basis in the land and building received from Hermione equal to her adjusted basis in the property ($462,000).
Thus, Wizard Corporation would take an adjusted basis in the land equal to Hermione's adjusted basis.
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If two projects have the same risks, the same payback periods, and the same initial investments, they are equally attractive.
a. True.
b. False.
False, If two projects have the same risks, the same payback periods, and the same initial investments,
they may not be equally attractive. There are other factors to consider in evaluating the attractiveness of projects, such as the profitability, cash flows over the project's lifespan, and the desired rate of return.
While the risk level, payback period, and initial investment are important considerations, they do not provide a complete picture of the project's attractiveness.
Profitability is a crucial factor, as it determines the return on investment and the potential for generating future cash flows. Projects with higher profitability would generally be more attractive than those with lower profitability, even if they have the same risk and payback period.
Additionally, the timing and magnitude of cash flows can vary between projects. Projects that generate a higher and more consistent cash flow stream over the project's lifespan may be more attractive,
as they provide better returns and potential for reinvestment. The time value of money is also a key consideration, as cash flows in the future are typically worth less than cash flows in the present.
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a deli shop has a par level of 10 cases for swiss cheese, and they have 7 cases right now. each day the deli uses about 6 cases of cheese, 3 cases are needed for the safety stock, and the lead time for the delivery is 3 days. using the par stock method, how many cases of swiss cheese should the deli shop order?
The deli shop should order 9 cases of Swiss cheese.
The par stock method involves maintaining a predetermined stock level to ensure smooth operations and account for fluctuations in demand and delivery lead time. In this scenario, the deli shop has a par level of 10 cases for Swiss cheese. Currently, they have 7 cases in stock.
To calculate the order quantity using the par stock method, we need to consider the daily usage, safety stock, and lead time. The deli uses approximately 6 cases of cheese per day, and 3 cases are needed for safety stock. With a lead time of 3 days, the deli should order enough cheese to cover the usage during the lead time plus the safety stock.
Since the deli uses 6 cases per day and the lead time is 3 days, the total usage during the lead time is 6 cases/day x 3 days = 18 cases. Adding the safety stock of 3 cases gives us a total of 18 cases + 3 cases = 21 cases needed during the lead time. Subtracting the current stock of 7 cases from this, the deli should order 21 cases - 7 cases = 14 cases. However, since the par level is 10 cases, the deli should only order enough to reach the par level, which is 10 cases.
Therefore, the deli shop should order 9 cases of Swiss cheese to maintain the par stock level.
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The sewing process used by Sunland Inc.began the year with an inventory of $4000.Using the Weighted-Average method.the company.calculated its equivalent units of production for this calendar year to be: DirectMaterials(DM) Conversion Costs(CC) 800 140 800 Units Completed This Period Units in Ending Work-in-ProgressWIP) Inventory 80 Sunland has calculated its cost per equivalent unit as followDirect Material S83 and Conversion Costs S43.Howmuch cost should Sunland assign to the units completed and removed from WIP inventory in the current year using the Weighted-Average method? $104800 $84340 $100800 O$117451
The cost that Sunland should assign to the units completed and removed from the WIP inventory in the current year using the Weighted-Average method is $72,420.
To calculate the cost assigned to the units completed and removed from the Work-in-Progress (WIP) inventory using the Weighted-Average method, you need to multiply the number of equivalent units of production by the cost per equivalent unit for both direct materials and conversion costs, and then add them together.
Given information;
Direct Materials (DM) equivalent units: 800
Conversion Costs (CC) equivalent units: 140
Cost per equivalent unit:
Direct Materials: $83
Conversion Costs: $43
To calculate the cost assigned to the units completed and removed from WIP inventory;
Cost for DM = DM equivalent units × Cost per DM equivalent unit = 800 × $83 = $66,400
Cost for CC = CC equivalent units × Cost per CC equivalent unit = 140 × $43 = $6,020
Total cost assigned to units completed and removed from WIP inventory;
Total cost = Cost for DM + Cost for CC = $66,400 + $6,020 = $72,420
Hence, B. is the correct option.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"The sewing process used by Sunland Inc. began the year with an inventory of $4000.Using the Weighted-Average method. the company. calculated its equivalent units of production for this calendar year to be: Direct Materials(DM) Conversion Costs(CC) 800 140 800 Units Completed This Period Units in Ending Work-in-Progress WIP) Inventory 80 Sunland has calculated its cost per equivalent unit as follow Direct Material S83 and Conversion Costs S43. How much cost should Sunland assign to the units completed and removed from WIP inventory in the current year using the Weighted-Average method? A) $104800 B) $72420 C) $100800 D) $117451."--