The lichens are especially sensitive to air pollution.
What is air quality index?The Air Quality Index (AQI) is used for reporting daily air quality. It tells you how clean or polluted your air is, and what associated health effects might be a concern for you. The AQI focuses on health effects you may experience within a few hours or days after breathing polluted air.
Urban air quality refers to how “clean” the ambient air is inside of cities with a density, population, and level of activity that generally are recognized as “urban.” Urban air quality generally differs from rural air quality since there are more concentrated sources and the ability for the pollutants in the air to be dispersed are limited by the physical constraints of the urban environment. Urban air quality varies significantly in urban cities in industrialized worlds, and non industrialized world generally because of the difference between control on pollution sources and use of open fires in the urban areas. Nevertheless, illness, deaths, and damage to the environment are still attributed across the world to air pollution.
To grow, lichens obtain their nutrients from the air.
Since lichens have neither roots nor a protective surface, they cannot filter what they take in, so they take in whatever is in the air directly. Pollutants can accumulate in the lichen and become toxic very quickly.
Museum lichen researcher Gothamie Weerakoon believes lichens are excellent indicators of air pollution. She says, "They are very sensitive, respond to pollution within a short period of time, and we have access to very good databases that allow us to understand different species of lichens.
Butterflies, nematodes, frogs and toads are very good indicators of environmental pollutants, but lichens are easier to study and respond more quickly to environmental changes. To grow, lichens obtain their nutrients from the air.
Hence, The lichens are especially sensitive to air pollution.
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An object whose volume is calculated by multiplying length, width and height.
What are staphylococci?
A. Cocci form a ring
B. Cocci that form a line
C. Cocci that form clusters
why does the membrane of an egg cell change it’s structure immediately after fertilisation
After fertilization by a single sperm, the cell membrane changes, blocking the entry of additional sperm.
How does the egg change upon fertilization?The fertilized egg is a single cell for the first 12 hours following conception. It splits into two cells after about 30 hours. The two cells divide into four after about 15 hours. And after three days, the fertilized egg cell has developed into a 16-cell berry-like structure.
What is the purpose of the membranes in an egg?Directly below the shell are two membranes, the outer and inner shell membranes. These membranes prevent fluids from the egg from evaporating too quickly and protect its contents from bacterial invasion.
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What happens to the lungs when air is blown in?
What is the function of the cell wall?
A. to contain the genetic information of an organism
B. to package proteins in an animal cell
C. to transport materials throughout a cell
D. to provide structural support for a plant cell
Answer:
D
Explanation:
the answer is d the cell wall provides support and protection
A student is investigating a cell. The cell has a nucleus and organelles as well as a cell wall. Which type of cell is it?
Prokaryotic because it has a nucleus and organelles.
Eukaryotic because it has a nucleus and organelles.
Eukaryotic because it has a cell wall.
Prokaryotic because it has a cell wall.
A cell with a nucleus, a cell wall, and other organelles would be a eukaryotic cell because of the presence of a nucleus and organelles—option 2.
What are eukaryotic cells?Eukaryotic cells are cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondrion, chloroplasts, and so on.
Eukaryotic cells are of two types, namely:
Plant cellsAnimal cellsPlant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts. The chloroplast is an organelle that functions in photosynthesis. Plant cells also have large central vacuoles.
Animal cells, on the other hand, have no cell wall and their vacuoles are usually smaller than that of plant cells.
Considering all this information, a cell that has a nucleus and organelles, as well as a cell wall, would be a eukaryotic plant cell.
Thus, the cell that the student is investigating is a plant cell.
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A person begins at 0 and walks 5 meters to the right, turns around and walks 8
meters to the left. What is the distance? What is the displacement?
The distance is calculated out to be 13 meters and the displacement is calculated out to be 3 meters.
What is distance and displacement and how it calculated out to be so?Distance is the measure of how many meters or kilometers you covered in the time period under consideration.Distance is the measure , or a quantity to measure the distance or the product of the speed and time.Displacement is the shortest distance from the initial point to final point.Here is given that the man walks 5 meters to the right and turn around and walks 8 meters to the left.The distance is 13 meters and displacement is 3 meters.To know more about distance visit:
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during cell division, dna molecules are replicated in a semiconservative manner. what happens to the original dna molecule during semiconservative replication?
What systems or system is responsible for the tingling in our foot?
Answer: Peripheral neuropathy, a result of damage to the nerves located outside of the brain and spinal cord (peripheral nerves), often causes weakness, numbness and pain, usually in the hands and feet. It can also affect other areas and body functions including digestion, urination and circulation.
Your peripheral nervous system sends information from your brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) to the rest of your body. The peripheral nerves also send sensory information to the central nervous system.
Peripheral neuropathy can result from traumatic injuries, infections, metabolic problems, inherited causes and exposure to toxins. One of the most common causes is diabetes.
People with peripheral neuropathy generally describe the pain as stabbing, burning or tingling. In many cases, symptoms improve, especially if caused by a treatable condition. Medications can reduce the pain of peripheral neuropathy.
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What did Darwin see in South America that surprised him?
Answer:
In South America, Darwin saw fossils of sea animals high in the mountains.
Explanation:
identify which organism possesses traits that enable it to exploit the rocky shoreline more efficiently than the other populations in the community. explain.
The organism which possesses traits that enable it to exploit the rocky shoreline more efficiently than the other populations in the community is orange mussels.
In an ecosystem, an orange mussels is referred to as a keystone species.
An experiment was conducted on different species of organisms by placing them along a rocky shoreline to find our their particular traits and characteristics.
A rocky shoreline is a restricted space with limited and fixed resources.
Only those organisms can survive in a rocky shoreline who are adaptive, less vulnerable to harsh conditions and have high rate of reproduction.
In such experiment, the organism which possessed the abovementioned characters were orange mussels as they possess stable population and high exploitation rate of reproduction.
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why can mitosis be called cell duplication
the deltoid muscle fibers are separated into . the deltoid muscle fibers are separated into . superficial and deep anterior, middle, and posterior lateral, medial, and proximal superior, middle, and inferio
Answer:
anterior, middle, and posterior
Explanation:
hope it helps though have nice day
consider the bacterium thiomargarita namibiensis. imagine you are comparing two individuals that are the same size. individual 1 has a vacuole that is twice as large as the other, individual 2. which of the two would you expect to have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio for its membrane relative to its cytoplasm?
When the vacuole size for individual 1 is twice as large as individual 2, individual 1 will have higher surface area-to-volume ratio for its membrane relative to its cytoplasm.
Vacuole is the membrane bound cell organelle more prominent in plant cells. The vacuole is known to increase the surface area-to-volume ratio of the cell. Therefore larger the vacuole, larger is the surface area-to-volume ratio of that cell.
Membrane is the outer layer of the cell and cell organelles. It is made up of the lipid bilayer. It is very essential to separate the components of the cell from each other. Membrane is selectively permeable.
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Which structures does a single cell organism need for movement? question 3 options: cilia and flagella mitochondria and cytoplasm ribosomes and nucleus cilia and cytoskeleton
The structures that a single-cell organism need for movement include cilia and flagella (Option A).
What are cilia and flagella?Cilia and flagella are subcellular structures that cells use to move in the surrounding media. These structures are composed of monomers that connect each other and they can suffer polymerization-depolymerization cycles in order to maintain a movement in response to environmental stimuli. For example, cilia are composed of microtubules that link to the plasma membrane.
Therefore, we can conclude that cilia and flagella are structures of the cytoskeleton that help microorganisms to move in their surrounding environment.
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Given that the starting population, N(0), is 10 and has a growth rate, m, of 2
individuals per unit of time, what will the population be at 25 units of time?
OA. 80
OB. 75
OC. 60
OD. 125
SUBMIT
The starting population, N(0), is 10 and has a growth charge, m, of 2 individuals in keeping with a unit of time, the populace is at 25 devices of time: OA.80
A discrete assemblage of entities with identifiable traits inclusive of human beings and animals with the goal of analysis and information collection is known as a population. It consists of a comparable institution of species that reside in a specific geographical region with the ability to interbreed. the full number of humans dwelling in a specific area in a selected time is referred to as the populace.
The population is one of the important factors which facilitates the balance of the environment, the populace ought to the stable with the means and resources. it can be a set of individuals, items, events, organizations, and so on. you use populations to draw conclusions. Definition 1: Population. An example of a population is the full frame of scientists in the faculty. This includes all college students observed at that school during the statistical series.
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Classify a pet dog select all that apply
Answer: Hey, can you please give us options? It'd be helpful for us to assure the answer we give will be correct.
Explanation:
“Why is there so much peat in the peat/perfrost system? (Minimum of 5 sentences)
PLEASE HELP!!!!!!
Answer:
Peatlands form in areas where waterlogged conditions slow down the decomposition of plant material and peat accumulates. This accumulation of carbon-rich plant remains has been especially strong in northern tundra and taiga areas where they have helped cool the global climate for more than 10,000 years.
i just had that :D
Explanation:
Which of these organelles is NOT found in Animal Cells? Golgi Apparatus Chloroplasts Cell membrane Cell Wall (large) Central Vacuole Mitochondria
Answer:Chloroplasts,is NOT found in animal cells
Explanation:
invariant residues are those that are essential for the structure and/or function of the protein and cannot be replacwd by other residues. which amino residue in the globin chain is most likely to be invariant
The amino residue in the globin chain is most likely to be invariant is His F8
The invariant amino acid residues is most likely to be Histidine F8. The nitrogenous component of the i oda ole ring of histidine F8 would serve as one of the ligands to which the iron in the heme group would attach. This residues often play a pivotal role in the structure and function of both myoglobin and hemoglobin. Futthermore, it is essential for the correct binding of oxygen. Thus, substitution or replacement of this amino acid has a tendency to interfere with the binding ability of the protein and could also impact how effectively oxygen is being released. It is however, worthy of note that in these two species (myoglobin and hemoglobin) when compared several residues in both the E helix and F helix are considered invariant (they contain distal His E7).
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What does iron measure in water
Answer: The standard limit for iron in drinking water is 0.3 mg/L
(If you wat density)
Explanation:
how much protein (amount in mg) do you have for each unknown based on the original volumes? in other words, you started with 10 ml of extract. how much protein did this 10 ml contain? what about your samples?
This is an experiment that will be done in the laboratory. The exact protein based on the originals volumes can easily be obtained by Concentration (mg/ml) = Absorbance at 280 nm divided by path length (cm.) Pure protein of known absorbance coefficient.
What is protein MG?A protein in urine test quantifies the amount of protein in your urine (pee). Your urine typically contains relatively little protein. If your urine contains a lot of protein (proteinuria), you may have a kidney issue. In order to produce urine, your kidneys filter excess water and waste from your blood.Large molecules called proteins are necessary for your body to function properly. Every aspect of your body, including your blood, contains protein. The huge protein molecules are prevented from leaving your body through urine by microscopic filters that your kidneys use to remove waste from your blood.Protein can leak into your urine if your kidneys aren't working properly. high quantities of protein over time in your urine
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Two Questions pls help :)
Crossing over is responsible for some of the variation seen in offspring produced by sexual
reproduction. Explain what this means.
Compare the number of different allele combinations on the chromosomes in the gamete cells when crossing over occurs and when it does not?
Crossing-over occurs during prophase I, and it is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
Chromosomes ?The thread-like components known as chromosomes are found in the nucleus of both animal and plant cells. Long segments of DNA are carried by chromosomes, which are organelles that can be found in the nucleus of cells. The substance that houses genes is called DNA. It serves as the foundation for the human body. Additionally, proteins found in chromosomes aid in the appropriate structure of DNA. Humans typically have 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs of them in each cell. The appearance of twenty-two of these pairs, known as autosomes, is the same in both sexes. Males and females have different 23rd pair sex chromosomes.
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What is the term fo the material though which wave moves
The material through which a wave moves is called a medium.
What are waves?
wave: the regular, systematic spread of disturbances from one location to another. The waves that travel on water's surface are the most well-known, but waves also exist in sound, light, and the movement of subatomic particles. The disturbance oscillates periodically (see periodic motion) with a set frequency and wavelength in the simplest waves. While electromagnetic waves (see electromagnetic radiation) do not require a medium to travel through and can move through a vacuum, mechanical waves, like sound, need one. The characteristics of the medium affect how a wave travels across it. also see seismic wave.
Many waves require something to travel through. Water waves travel along the surface of the water, and sound waves travel through air. You can even make a wave travel along a rope. The material through which a wave travels is called a medium. Gases (such as air), liquids (such as water), and solids (such as ropes) all act as mediums. Waves that require a medium through which to travel are called mechanical waves.
Hence The material through which a wave moves is called a medium.
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in the second half of the glycolytic pathway, atp molecules are produced and with the offset of atps consumed in the first half, the net yield is atps per glucose.in the second half of the glycolytic pathway, atp molecules are produced and with the offset of atps consumed in the first half, the net yield is atps per glucose.
During the first half of glycolysis, two molecules of ATPs are consumed. In the second half however, 4 molecules of ATPs are produced per glucose. If we remove the two ATPs that has been consumed, the net yield is two ATPs per glucose
Glycolytic pathway is an anaerobic process that converts glucose into pyruvate molecules and Adenosine Triphosphate [ATP]
The pathway consist of 10 steps.
During the first phase [first five steps], 2 molecules of ATP are consumed to two molecules of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate [GA3P] which enter the second phase of the pathway.
At the end of the second phase, 4 molecules of ATPs and 2 molecules of pyruvate are produced
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While walking barefoot on the beach, joe stepped on a thorn that penetrated through the sole of his foot to the dermis. How many layers of epidermis did the thorn penetrate?.
While walking barefoot on the beach, joe stepped on a thorn that penetrated through the sole of his foot to the dermis. The thorn penetrates 5 layers of the epidermis.
The top layer of skin on your body is called the epidermis. It serves a variety of crucial roles, such as shielding your body from the elements, maintaining moisture levels in your skin, generating new skin cells, and determining the color of your skin. It's crucial to look after your skin.
The dermis helps in thermoregulation, sensibility, and support and protection of deeper layers of skin. The basic cells in the dermis are fibroblasts, but histiocytes, mast cells, and adipocytes are also crucial for preserving the dermis' typical form and function. The skin is made up of three tissue layers: the epidermis, and the outermost layer. The middle layer is the dermis. The bottom, or fatty layer, is the hypodermis.
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What differences do you notice between what happens in the Rest activity level and what happens in the Jog activity level?
please help i give the 20 pt or more or 50
The Rests activity level and what happens in the Jog activity level It is lower while you are asleep and at rest and higher while you exercise.
When you exercise your muscles need extra oxygen. That's about three times more than when the muscle is resting. This need means that your heart beats faster and your pulse quickens. Frequent exercise strengthens the heart and helps circulate blood throughout the body. A stronger heart means more blood is pumped through the body each time the heart beats.
This makes the heart beat less and distributes the same amount of blood. Heart rate can increase dramatically from a resting heart rate of 60-80 beats per minute to a maximum heart rate of about 200 in young adults. Running redirects blood flow to the tissues that need it most. For example muscles in the leg, and arteries relax, and blood flow increases. Endurance exercise increases parasympathetic activity and decreases sympathetic activity in the resting human heart.
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you are studying two linked genes that influence vine height and fruitcolor in squash.yellow color is dominant over green, and tall height isdominant over short.you get the following numbers of offspring from
The recombinant offsprings are Tall green and short yellow.
What are recombinant offsprings?Children who differ from their parents in terms of their allele combinations are known as recombinant offsprings. Consider the scenario where a mother's haploid cell contains the alleles AB and the father's haploid cell contains the alleles ab. A diploid cell with the sequence Aa+Bb is created when they come together.
The exchange of genetic material between distinct organisms, commonly referred to as genetic recombination or genetic reshuffling, produces offspring with features that are different from those of either parent.
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The complete question is-
You are studying two linked genes that influence vine height and fruit color in squash. Yellow color is dominant over green, and tall height is dominant over short. You get the following numbers of offspring from your testcross:
Tall yellow 198
Short green 192
Tall green 54
Short yellow 56
Which offspring are recombinants? (most inclusive answer)
A) Tall green
B) Short yellow
C) Tall yellow and short green
D) Tall green and short yellow
E) Short green and tall green
what is the name of the enzyme complex that is responsible for synthesis of rna? (note remembering names of important enzymes is required for this course)
Answer:
RNA Polymerase is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of RNA
Explanation:
Ribonucleic acid [RNA] is synthesized from DNA in a process known as transcription. this process is facilitated by RNA polymerase enzyme. The corresponding RNA produced is complementary to the parent DNA
While DNA is usually double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded and they are synthesized from each strand of DNA.
RNA polymerase is responsible for unwinding the double strands of DNA and copying the information into the newly formed RNA strand.
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The enzyme responsible for the synthesis of RNA is RNA polymerase
RNA polymerase is responsible for unbinding the double strands of DNA into two single strands of the RNA and transcribing the information in DNA into the newly formed RNA
This process is known as Transcription
there are four types of RNA polymerase
RNA polymerase I; Synthesize most ribosomal RNA [rRNA]RNN polymerase II; Synthesize messenger RNA [mRNA] RNA polymerase III; Transcribe ribosomal RNA into transfer RNA [tRNA] andRNA polymerase IV and V; which are mostly found in plantsTo learn more about RNA polymerase, click here
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Controls cell division
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Lysosome
C. mitochondria
D. nucleus
E. ribosome
F. vacuole
The cell nucleus is the organelle responsible for controlling cell division in eukaryotic cells (Option D).
What is the cell nucleus?The cell nucleus is an organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material, i.e., the DNA sequence, which is responsible for encoding the information required to synthesize proteins and further biomolecules in a cell. This DNA is a long nucleotide sequence that contains genes that are transcribed to modulate cell division during mitosis or meiosis.
Therefore, we can conclude that the cell nucleus contains DNA that is responsible to modulate the cell division process of cells.
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