Duverger's law does the electoral system condition the type of party system that will result.
In political science, Duverger's law holds that single-voting from majoritarian elections with single-part districts (such as first past the post) will quite often lean toward a two-party system. The discovery of this propensity is credited to Maurice Duverger, a French sociologist who observed the impact and kept it in several papers published during the 1950s and 1960s. In the course of further research, other political scientists started considering the impact of a "law" or guideline.
As a corollary to the law, Duverger also asserted that corresponding representation favors multi-partyism, as does the majority system with overflow elections.
Duverger's law draws from a model of causality from the electoral system to a party system. A corresponding representation (PR) system creates electoral conditions that foster the improvement of many parties, whereas a majority system marginalizes smaller political parties, by and large resulting in a two-party system.
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TRUE/FALSE. texas places heavy restrictions on the use of____, the process whereby the government can take private land for a public purpose with compensation.
Texas places heavy restrictions on the use of eminent domain, the process whereby the government can take private land for a public purpose with compensation.
Expropriation is the act of a state, provincial, or federal government seizing private property for public use. Eminent domain, land acquisition, forced purchase/acquisition, resumption, resumption/compulsory acquisition, and expropriation are other terms for this power.
The ability of the government to seize private property and put it to use for the general public is referred to as eminent domain. According to the Fifth Amendment, the government may only use this authority provided it compensates the property owners fairly.
Constitutional restrictions on the eminent domain power include requirements that the property be taken for "public use;"
No person's property may be taken away from them without following the correct legal procedures; the state must provide "fair compensation" in exchange for the property.
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which statement accurately summarizes how constituencies affect the campaign strategy of candidates running for the us senate or house of representatives?
Possibility for House locale should consider explicit necessities and basic issues that portray a generally modest number of electors. Candidates for House regions should consider explicit requirements and basic issues that portray a generally modest number of citizens.
For the most part, Constituents are individuals who live in the space that a chosen official addresses, while electors are constituents who cast a voting form for a specific up-and-comer.
All in all, Candidates for House regions are expected to think about the specific worries and subjects that mean a lot to a to some degree concentrated gathering of citizens.
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TRUE/FALSE. in cases where the prosecution believes it will be difficult to get a conviction, it might agree to a plea bargain allowing community supervision for a long period.
The given statement is true, that is in situations where the prosecution believes it will be difficult to obtain a conviction, it may accept a plea deal that allows for extended community monitoring.
The term "plea bargain" refers to any agreement reached between the prosecutor and the defendant in a criminal case whereby the defendant agrees to confess to a specific deal in exchange for the prosecutor's promise to drop at least one charge, downgrade another charge, or recommend a specific sentence to the judge. When the prosecution has a solid case, the prosecution may propose a plea agreement to the defendant in order to avoid a trial and potentially spare him a harsher punishment.
Only if the defendant actually committed the crime and admitted it in front of the judge in open court may they enter a plea of guilty. When a defendant confesses to a crime, they acknowledge their guilt and consent to being "sentenced" by the judge presiding over the court, who is the only person with the power to do so. Sometimes, as part of a plea deal, the prosecution will agree not to suggest an enhanced sentence (such as more time in jail for specific reasons), but the judge will still decide how the defendant will be punished.
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how did the supreme court extend freedom of speech to protect against acts of state governments in 1925?
TRUE/FALSE. in the early years of his career as a minister, jerry falwell criticized civil rights activists and other religious leaders who engaged in political activism.
The statement that in the early years of his career as a minister, Jerry Falwell criticized civil rights activists and other religious leaders who engaged in political activism is false.
Jerry Falwell (1933 –2007) was an American Baptist pastor, televangelist, and conservative activist. Falwell is known as the founding pastor of the Thomas Road Baptist Church, which was a megachurch in Lynchburg, Virginia. He also established Lynchburg Christian Academy, Liberty University, and co-founded the Moral Majority. The Moral Majority emerged as one of the largest political lobby groups for evangelical Christians in the United States during the 1980s. Hence, the statement is false.
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indicate whether each statement is true or false regarding action potentials and the all-or-none principle.1. once the threshold is reached, an action potential will proceed without stopping. (click to select)2. the action potentials will be different in different parts of the cell. (click to select)3. if threshold is not reached, an action potential will occur, but it will be weaker. (click to select)4. if threshold is not reached, an action potential will not occur. (click to select)
1. An action potential will continue unabated once the threshold is reached.
A muscle fiber will contract in response to a threshold stimulus. K+ has a greater number of leak ion channels than Na+.
Which of the following will contract completely or completely in response to a threshold stimulus?
Correct is a single motor unit and a single muscle fiber.
What is the theory of all or nothing?
The "All or None" Law The all or none law dictates how each motor unit's fibers contract. According to this principle, all of the muscle fibers in a motor unit will contract simultaneously and to the greatest extent possible when it receives a stimulus of sufficient intensity to produce a response.
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Texa Peace Officer Jutice conducted a warrantle arret of defendant, Grace and charged him with the offene of Aggravated Robbery. Defendant Grace wa tranported in a police unit to the police department. After hi Miranda right were read, but prior to hi tatement, Grace aked the officer that he wa thinking about requeting an attorney. The interview continued and Grace provided a tatement implicating himelf in the robbery. The next morning, Grace wa taking before a magitrate. At hi trial, Grace’ attorney file a Motion to Suppre Statement given by Grace. Dicu the factual and legal iue that will have to be addreed by the Court in deciding whether the tatement will be admiible
Aggravated robbery is a First Degree Felony in Texas, and it carries a maximum punishment of life in prison even for first-time offenders.
This kind of charge is exceedingly detrimental to your long-term criminal record, even if you avoid a lengthy prison term. In these circumstances, your defense cannot be passive.
Armed robbery is a felony offense in several places, although it is classified as aggravated robbery in Texas. When someone tries to steal something (commit theft) and threatens or injures someone in the process, the behavior is referred to as "robbery." If the robber is armed or in possession of a lethal weapon, it becomes "aggravated".
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which u.s. supreme court case removed mandatory life without the possibility of parole for juvenile offenders who had committed homicide?
Answer:
Having banned the use of the death penalty for juveniles in Roper, the Court left the sentence of life without parole as the harshest sentence available for offenses committed by people under 18. In Graham v. Florida, the Court banned the use of life without parole for juveniles not convicted of homicide.
police on patrol receive a warning and description of a vehicle wanted in connection with a burglary. they observe the vehicle and begin pursuit. the suspects flee a distance and then stop the car suddenly, exit the vehicle, and flee on foot. officers may
The proof is probably going to be conceded because it is sensible to accept the vehicle contained proof of the capture.
As indicated by Award choice, Police could make an immediate capture if the suspect has a proceeding with danger to their security presented by anew arrest.
Whenever police answer a solicitation to go into the crime location, the division would furnish them with an overall portrayal of the circumstance, (for example, the depiction of potential culprits or how hazardous the circumstance is)
The handgun moved by the looters in this present circumstance is considered as something that has a proceeding with danger to their security. Accordingly, the actual proof recuperated would doubtlessly be conceded.
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In order to be in compliance with the Uniform Securities Act, an investment advisory contract must comply with all of the following EXCEPTbe in writingspecify the method of fee computationprovide for annual renewaldescribe what, if any, are the provisions for a refund in the event of early contract termination
The Uniform Securities Act does not require an investment advisory contract to disclose the IA's past performance are the provisions for a refund in the event of early contract termination.
The Uniform Securities Act is a model statute designed to guide every country in drafting its nation securities regulation. It changed into created through the countrywide conference of Commissioners on Uniform country legal guidelines. The Uniform Securities Act (united states) provides fundamental investor protection from securities fraud, complementing the federal Securities and change Act. The act best applies to securities now not regulated by way of the Securities and exchange fee.
The Uniform Securities Act defines a "broking-dealer," it defines an "agent" of a broking-supplier (which is a registered representative, however this is the federal name, not the nation call); it defines an "investment adviser;" and it defines an "investment adviser representative" (the agent of an funding adviser).
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identify enlightenment ideas that led to reformist and revolutionary movements and the expansion of rights.
Enlightenment concepts affected society and culture as a new generation of philosophers had fresh perspectives on liberty and the status of women that were disseminated by a society that was becoming more literate. Many believed that by adopting laws and government in an effort to protect their property, people had become captives of the state.
The Enlightenment, also referred to as the Age of Enlightenment, was a major intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries and had a profound effect on the rest of the globe. The Enlightenment was centered on the quest of knowledge through reason and the evidence of the senses, as well as ideals like liberty, progress, toleration, fraternity, and constitutional government. It also covered a wide range of concepts. The two fundamental beliefs of the Enlightenment were individual liberty and religious tolerance as opposed to absolute monarchy and the unchanging Church dogma. The communication of knowledge that would benefit society as a whole also depended on the ideas of utility and sociability.
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the crime of is the practice of lending money at excessive rates and using threats or extortion to enforce repayment.
In most nations, extortion refers to the use of force or threat to get something. Therefore, extortion occurs whether a sms is sent via a person's mobile phone with or without that person's knowledge.
Describe coercion through an example.Extortion, bribery, or even torture & sexual assault are examples of these activities. For instance, a bully might ask a student for money for lunch, and if the student refuses, the bully might hit the kid. The act of breaking the law while being coerced is classified as a duress offence in common law systems.
Can trauma result from coercion?Coercive control can occasionally turn into physical abuse. Coercive control, however, is a form of mental abuse that can result in psychological trauma even if it doesn't worsen.
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The tax law requires that capital gains and losses be separated from other types of gains and losses because an alternative tax calculation may be used when taxable income includes net long-term capital gain.
True
Yes its true that according to tax law, capital gains and losses must be distinguished from other forms of profits and losses.
What regulations apply to capital gains exemption?
Taxpayers are only eligible for this capital gains exemption if they did not possess a primary residence on the day the capital asset was transferred. Within one year of the transfer in advance, the whole net selling proceeds from the sale of a capital asset must be invested.What does the Income Tax Act imply by capital gains?
Capital Gains are profits or gains that result from the transfer of a capital asset and are subject to taxation under the "Capital Gains" heading. What capital asset means. Any type of property owned by an assessee, whether or not it is related to their company or line of work, is included in the definition of a capital asset.To know more about Tax Act, checkout this link:
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indicate whether each statement is true or false regarding action potentials and the all-or-none principle.1. once the threshold is reached, an action potential will proceed without stopping. (click to select)2. the action potentials will be different in different parts of the cell. (click to select)3. if threshold is not reached, an action potential will occur, but it will be weaker. (click to select)4. if threshold is not reached, an action potential will not occur. (click to select)
1. Once the threshold is reached, an action potential will proceed without stopping- True 2. The action potentials will be different in different parts of the cell- False
3. If threshold is not reached, an action potential will occur, but it will be weaker- False 4. If threshold is not reached, an action potential will not occur- True
About Action potential
Whenever the membrane potential of just a particular cell site rapidly increases and decreases, an action potential happens. Following this depolarization, nearby areas also experience depolarization. Excitable cells, these included neurons, muscle cells, as well as certain plant cells, are a class of animal cells that exhibit action potentials. Several endocrine cells, including certain anterior pituitary gland cells and pancreatic beta cells, are excitable cells as well.
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item 36 the 1957 supreme court decision of blank attempted to establish precise guidelines for deciding when a book, movie, or magazine would be considered obscene.
The 1957 Supreme Court decision of Roth v United States attempted to establish precise guidelines for deciding when a book, movie or magazine would be considered obscene.
The common law rule that was before Roth stated that any content that had the potential to "deprave and corrupt those whose minds are subject to such immoral influences" were considered "obscene". A publisher was charged in the Roth case under a federal provision that made it illegal to mail an offensive book. After a jury trial in District Court, Roth was found guilty, and the verdict was upheld on appeal. This important Supreme Court decision from 1957 helped establish a legal standard for deciding whether or not anything obscene is covered by the First Amendment. In the early half of the 20th century, courts struggled to define obscenity.
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In recent cases involving advertising in space offered by the government, case outcomes favoring advertisers have often been determined by the nature of the ______.
speech involved
In recent cases involving advertising in space offered by the government, case outcomes favoring advertisers have often been determined by the nature of the speech involved.
The practice and techniques used to draw attention to a product or service are referred to as advertising. Advertising seeks to draw attention to a product or service by putting it in the spotlight. It is typically used to promote a specific product or service, but it has a wide range of applications, the most common being commercial advertising.
Through "branding," which associates a product name or image with certain qualities in the minds of consumers, commercial advertisements frequently seek to increase consumption of their products or services. Direct-response advertising, on the other hand, is intended to elicit an immediate sale. Political parties, interest groups, religious organizations, and government agencies are examples of non-commercial entities that advertise more than consumer goods or services.
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what information process must the legal counsel of smithville hospital perform to prepare for a lawsuit against the hospital?
Smithville Hospital's legal counsel must complete an e-discovery information process in order to get ready for a lawsuit against the facility.
E-discovery is a type of digital investigation that looks for information that might be relevant to a legal dispute or criminal investigation in email, corporate communications, and other data. While e-discovery is specialized to digital evidence, the traditional discovery procedure is standard during litigation. Data from email accounts, instant messages, social media profiles, online documents, databases, internal applications, digital images, website content, and any other electronic information that could be used in civil and criminal litigation could be included in the evidence from electronic discovery. E-discovery is a procedure with various stages and techniques, much like any other type of research. There is no one methodology that works for everyone. The majority of e-discovery legal firms conduct their own investigations. But there are a few standard stages in most procedures. These e-discovery phases were developed to enhance the gathering, preservation, and presentation of information that may be pertinent.
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in marbury v. madison, the supreme court established a principle that would eventually be used by all courts to
A. only the courts may regulate interstate commerce
B. the president may veto federal legislation
C. the courts may declare a federal law unconstitutional
D. only the president may issue an executive order
The concept of judicial review—the ability of federal courts to declare legislative or executive actions unconstitutional—was developed as a result of the U.S. Supreme Court's Marbury v. Madison judgment (1803).
Right, there are seven justices on the Supreme Court:
The Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices are among the Supreme Court's current nine justices. The Court has had 104 Associate Justices throughout its history, with The Honorable John G. Roberts, Jr. serving as its 17th Chief Justice.
How many judges sit on the Supreme Court?
Even the number of justices on the Supreme Court can be decided by Congress; the current court's nine members—one Chief Justice and eight Associate Judges—have only been since 1869, but there have periodically been as few as six justices.
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a negligence suit, the plaintiff must prove all except which of thefollowing? a. motiveb. duty of carec. actual caused. proximate cause
The plaintiff in a negligence case must establish all elements except (a) motive.
What is negligence?When someone operates a vehicle while impaired by drugs or alcohol and kills someone, this is deemed criminal negligence because it shows severe carelessness on their behalf. Negligence is the legal term for failing to behave in a way that protects society from unjustified danger. The foundation of tort law is negligence, which is a major consideration in the majority of personal injury and property damage cases.
Why is negligence important?The fundamental idea behind negligence is that people should conduct with reasonable care, accounting for any potential harm they may unavoidably do to other persons or property. Someone who experiences loss as a result of another's negligence may be entitled to file a claim for damages to make up for their suffering. A person can be sued under negligence law for injury they unintentionally or recklessly caused you. When someone's acts or inaction fall below a reasonable level of care, it is considered to be negligent.
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_______the growth of international and regional mechanisms of government has intensified globalization. identify each statement as true of the united nations or of the european union.
The expansion of regional and international governance structures is one significant political development that is accelerating globalization.
Economic globalization is the term used to describe the rising interdependence of world economies as a result of the expansion of international capital flows, the wide and quick diffusion amount of cross-border trade in commodities and services, and the level of technology. It is an unstoppable trend for the global economic development at the turn of the millennium and shows the ongoing expansion and mutual integration of market borders. The two main forces driving economic globalization are the marketization and the rapidly increasing use of information in all forms of productive activities. As a result of the environment in which the market economic system has been rapidly spreading throughout the world, the world's economies have been rapidly globalizing in recent years. This development has been based on the increasing cross-border division of labor that has been permeating down to the level of production chains within enterprises of different countries.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. Calista is an enthusiastic gun owner and a supporter of the extensive gun ownership rights. Yet, she is not a member of the National Rifle Association or any other interest groups that lobbies for the rights of gun owners. Calista is _____ the efforts of the NRA and other pro-gun interest groups and their members
Calista is _____ the efforts of the NRA and other pro-gun interest groups and their members: Free riding on.
NRA stands for National Rifle Association. It was established in 1871 by two US Nationwide conflict veterans as a sporting gathering intended to "advance and support rifle firing consistently".
In 1975, it shaped a lobbying arm, the Foundation for Legislative Action, to impact government strategy. Also, in 1977 it shaped its own Political Action Panel (PAC), to channel assets to officials.
The NRA is presently among the most impressive special interest lobby groups in the US, with a significant financial plan to impact individuals from Congress on firearm strategy. It is controlled by chief VP Wayne LaPierre.
Prosecutors are facing a lawful conflict to disintegrate the association, over charges that senior initiatives abused a cause store, involving it for luxurious individual spending. The NRA depicted the claim as a "ridiculous, planned assault".
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This is what southern democrats managed to achieve after the 1876 election. It allowed them to restrict African-American rights, cut taxes, and wipe out social programs.
Following the 1876 election, Southern Democrats were able to pass legislation known as "Home Rule," which gave them the power to curtail African-American rights, lower taxes, and obliterate social programs.
Hayes was a fervent advocate for African Americans' civil rights and the safeguarding of their right to vote, the South was mostly unaffected by his work. When he took office, the only federal forces still defending Republican administrations in the South were confined to a narrow region around state buildings in the capitals of New Orleans and Columbia. Hayes maintained that Democrats in South Carolina and Louisiana had made a commitment to defend the voting and civil rights of Republicans who are black and white. Hayes withdrew the last of the federal troops from the South after getting the Democrats' approval. And white Southerners immediately betrayed their promises, frightening black voters, giving them literacy exams, and charging poll fees in order to prevent them from casting ballots.
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TRUE/FALSE. it is not permissible for prison officials to place a ban on mail correspondence between prisoners in different facilities.
False. Prison officials are not allowed to prohibit letter correspondence between inmates at various prisons.
Why are letters prohibited in prisons?There are allegations that fentanyl and other drugs were being heavily trafficked into prisons on slips of paper through the mail. They believe that by doing away with paper mail, they can plug a "security gap." (Paper legal letters can still be sent to prisoners directly.)
Do inmates have the freedom to express themselves?The First Amendment protects both the freedoms of free persons to contact with inmates as well as the freedoms of prisoners to send and receive mail, according to the Supreme Court.
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Sonya previously worked at Firm A. While she was there, Firm A worked on the Fisher v. Baker case, representing Fisher. Sonya obtained confidential information about the case while at Firm A. Sonya has now moved to Firm B, which represents Baker in the same case. Fisher does not want Sonya or anyone else at Firm B working on the case.
May Sonya's colleagues at Firm B continue to work on Fisher v. Baker?
A. Yes, if they screen Sonya from the case, apportion no part of the fee to Sonya, and give notice and updates to Fisher
B. No, they must withdraw from the case
A. Yes, if they screen Sonya from the case, apportion no part of the fee to Sonya, and give notice and updates to Fisher
If a lawyer who is disqualified from representing a client joins a new firm, the new firm may be disqualified as well unless the lawyer is properly screened. Proper screening means the disqualified lawyer doesn't work on the case, discuss it with those who do, or have access to case files. It also requires that the disqualified lawyer doesn't share fees from the matter, and the former client is given notice (along with periodic certifications of compliance with the screening procedures). Alternatively, the former client can give informed consent, confirmed in writing, but here Fisher has refused to give consent.
Based on the provided information, Firm B can continue to work on Fisher v Baker as proper screening of Sonya, apportion no part of the fee to Sonya, and give notice and updates to Fisher. (Option A)
According to the practice of ethical screening in law, if a lawyer who is disqualified from representing a client joins a new firm, the new firm may be disqualified as well unless the lawyer is properly screened. Ethical screens refer to a system of safeguards and procedures that law firms employ in an attempt to prevent the imputation of a conflict of interest from one or more lawyers or nonlawyers to the rest of the law firm. Hence, proper screening implies that disqualified lawyers refrain from working on the specific case, do not discuss it with those who do, and do not have any access to case files. Furthermore, the disqualified lawyer does not receive a share of the fees from the matter, and the former client is given notice. Alternatively, the former client can give informed consent, confirmed in writing, but in the given case Fisher has refused to give consent.
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the texas regulars, a group within the texas democratic party, opposed which of the following?
An organization known as the Texas Regulars was founded in order to prevent Franklin D. Roosevelt from winning a majority of the Electoral College in the 1944 presidential election.
What challenge do Texas Democrats currently face?They must take advantage of gerrymandering's benefits in order to maintain their precarious hold on the majority in the Texas senate. In Texas, where the Republican party holds majorities in both the house and senate, they must reassert their political presence.
Quizlet In the contemporary age, why did so many Texans defect from the Democratic Party?Texas's political landscape evolved from being dominated by Democrats to being dominated by Republicans as a result of the state's residents adopting a far more conservative worldview.
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A half-page plea in a traditional newspaper to pass environmental legislation or carry out sanctions against governments that permit whaling is clearly which of the following?
Select one:
a. Either an editorial message or a commercial message.
b. Both an editorial message and a commercial message.
c. Neither an editorial message nor a commercial message.
d. A commercial message only.
e. An editorial message only.
Feedback
A half-page plea in a traditional newspaper to pass environmental legislation or carry out sanctions against governments that permit whaling is clearly A commercial message only. Option C
What is a commercial message?
Generally, Any sign, phrase, logo, or other visual that directly or indirectly identifies, promotes, or draws attention to a company, a product, a service, or other commercial activity is referred to as a commercial message.
The phrase, written content, and visuals make up the core components of an advertising message.
However, the narrative is just as powerful. If they are summed up at the conclusion with an impactful phrase, they become even more memorable.
A notion that an advertiser wishes to convey to their target audience is called an advertising message. Its objective is to persuade users to carry out a certain action, such as signing up, making a purchase, or booking a reservation.
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Ms. Ellis sold 889 shares of publicly traded Omer stock (tax basis $161,400) for $125,000 cash on July 2. She paid $136,200 cash to purchase 900 Omer shares on August 8. Compute Ms. Ellis' loss recognized on the July 2 sale and determine her tax basis in the 1,000 shares.
Ms. Ellis sold 889 shares of publicly traded Omer stock (tax basis $161,400) for $125,000 cash on July 2. She paid $136,200 cash to purchase 900 Omer shares on August 8. Ms. Ellis's loss recognized on July 2 sale would be $36,400 and her tax basis would be $136200.
Tax basis- For tax purposes, basis often refers to the amount of your property investment in capital terms. Depreciation, depletion, casualty losses, and any gain or loss on the sale, exchange, or other dispose of the property can be calculated using tax basis.
Wash Sale Rule-The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) created the wash sale rule to prevent investors from receiving tax benefits for stocks and other securities traded in. Within 30 days of purchasing or selling equities, investors who engage in wash sales sell their stocks at a loss and then purchase the same securities at the same price. In Ms. Ellis's case is not applicable as she waited for more than a month to recover her Omer stock.
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the city government taxes its residents to pay for mosquito control. betty is not happy about paying the tax, for mosquitoes never bite her. betty is a:a
To pay for mosquito control, the city government levies taxes on its citizens. Betty is unhappy about paying the tax because she has never experienced a mosquito bite. Betty was made to pay the taxes forcefully. Such event is called forced rider.
The free rider problem is when people utilize or exploit a shared resource without contributing their fair part of the cost or without contributing anything at all.
The free rider problem might occur in any civilization, no matter how big or little. A municipal council in an urban region may debate whether and how to impose a fee on commuters from the suburbs to maintain the area's roads, walkways, and police and fire protection. To entice listeners who aren't giving to do so, public radio or broadcast stations will commit airtime to fundraising.
The traditional free market system is seen as having failed in the case of free riding.The problem emerges when some community members fail to cover their fair share of the costs incurred by a shared resource.The resource can no longer be produced economically because of their lack of participation.To learn more about free rider please click on the given link: https://brainly.com/question/933478
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police officers received an uncorroborated and anonymous tip that a farmer was growing marijuana on his property. the police went out to the farm, and finding no one home, went around the back, and followed a path that led out to the adjacent fields where cattle and horses were grazing. at the farthest edge of the property there were about two dozen marijuana plants. the plants were obscured by a high hedge fence, but the officers walked through the hedges and found the plants.
Although the Civil Rights protesters had committed themselves to non-violence, they invited violence from their opponents as a tactic to demonstrate their moral superiority and the justice of their cause.
True
Although the Civil Rights protesters had committed themselves to non-violence, they invited violence from their opponents as a tactic to demonstrate their moral superiority and the justice of their cause. correct answer True.
The civil rights movement was a political movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 in the United States to abolish institutional racial segregation, discrimination, and disenfranchisement throughout the United States.
The movement had its origins in the Reconstruction era during the late 19th century, although it made its largest legislative gains in the 1960s after years of direct actions and grassroots protests. The social movement's major nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience campaigns eventually secured new protections in federal law for the civil rights of all Americans.
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