A scientific study demonstrated that rat mothering behavior impacts the stress response in their pups. Rats that were born and grew up with attentive mothers showed low activation of stress-response genes later in life, while rats with inattentive mothers had high activation of stress-response genes in the same situation. An additional study that swapped the pups at birth (i.e., rats born to inattentive mothers grew up with attentive mothers and vice versa) showed the same positive effect of attentive mothering. How do genetics and/or epigenetics explain the results of this study

Answers

Answer 1

Answer and Explanation:

Regarding genetics, the results of the study show that the mother's genetic material does not influence the behavior of rats in times of stress or in the biological responses of rats to these stressful moments. This is because the mice inherited their mothers' genes, but did not show the same results in a stressful situation when they were raised with different mothers.

Regarding epigenetics, however, we can see that the mothers' behavior in relation to the care of rats managed to provoke epigenetic changes that prevented or stimulated the expression of genes linked to stress, in these rats. The rats that were raised with attentive mothers showed a low expression of stress-linked genes, regardless of the biological mother they had. In addition, it is possible to notice that this modification is permanent, since the rats presented this same type of response throughout their lives.


Related Questions

Fill in the blanks please help!

Answers

Where’s the blanks??

Even though the Sun contains 99% of the mass of the solar system, the Moon revolves around the Earth. Why doesn’t the Moon revolve around the Sun, which has much more mass than the Earth?

Answers

the gravitational force?

Changes in a population of elk are shown in the graph below.

What is best represented by the letter X?
A:The average life span
B:Extinction
C:Biodiversity level of the habitat
D:Carrying Capasity

Answers

Answer:

Carrying capacity

Explanation:

Section X represents the maximum population size that the environment can support.

Changes in a population of elk are shown in the graph given. The best representation by the letter X is the carrying capacity of the population. Thus, the correct option is D.

What is Carrying capacity?

The carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population size of a biological species which can be sustained by that specific surrounding environment, it is given the food, habitat, water, and other resources that are available.

Carrying capacity can be defined as the environment's maximal load, which in population ecology corresponds to the particular population equilibrium of that area, when the number of deaths in a population equals the number of births as well as the immigration and emigration of individuals.

The effect of carrying capacity on the population dynamics is modelled through a logistic function. Carrying capacity is applied to the maximum population which an environment can support in the ecology, agriculture and fisheries.

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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Yeast is added to bread dough before baking. After several minutes, the bread dough rises. Use your experiment to explain how respiration of yeast is important for the baking process.

Answers

Answer:

The purpose of any leavener is to produce the gas that makes bread rise. Yeast does this by feeding on the sugars in flour, and expelling carbon dioxide in the process.

While there are about 160 known species of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as baker's yeast, is the one most often used in the kitchen. Yeast is tiny: Just one gram holds about 25 billion cells. That amount of fungi can churn out a significant amount of carbon dioxide, provided it has the simple sugars it uses as food. Fortunately, yeast can use its own enzymes to break down more complex sugars—like the granulated sugar in the activity below—into a form that it can consume.

Make a yeast-air balloon to get a better idea of what yeast can do

Yeast is a unicellular fungus which undergoes anaerobic respiration to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide gas.

How does yeast fermentation work in bread-making?In a process known as fermentation, yeast consumes the sugar present in the dough to produce carbon dioxide and alcohol.The dough is kept in a warm area throughout the baking process.Fermentation occurs as a result of heat.However, if the temperature is too high, the yeast is killed during the cooking process.As the dough ferments, carbon dioxide is created and trapped as microscopic air bubbles. The expansion of carbon dioxide during baking allows the bread to rise higher. During the bread-baking process, the alcohol created during fermentation evaporates.

This is how yeast fermentation plays a vital role in the baking process.

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You need to borrow a pencil from a friend who is sick with a cold- she recently sneezed into her hands before passing the pencil to you. before you eat your lunch you decide to wash your hands. you never get the cold she was sick with

Answers

Answer:

You never get the cold but you can carry the cold to someone else

Explanation:

This makes you a carrier not a patient

Which type of movement of Earths crust caused these layers of rock to Deform?

A. Tilting of a plate

B. Sinking of a plate

C. Diverging of plates

D. Converging of plates

Answers

Answer:

D. Converging Of Plates

Find locally available materials that can be used in cleaning of the various body parts of the body.​

Answers

Answer:

In the body, a water purifier may encourage everyone to drink more good old ... It can literally clean almost anything it touches, so stock up and enjoy its many uses. ... To learn more about your health and wellness, see your local chiropractor at ..

Explanation:

In the body, a water purifier may encourage everyone to drink more good old ... It can literally clean almost anything it touches, so stock up and enjoy its many uses. ... To learn more about your health and wellness, see your local chiropractor at ..

Which of the following types of interference will occur when the pulses in the figure meet?
A
no interference
B
constructive interference
C
destructive interference
D
total interference

Answers

C - destructive interference

Explain in a paragraph how speed and velocity impact blood spatter

Answers

Answer:

The force of the blood hitting a surface for medium velocity blood spatter is between 5 and 100 feet per second. This causes the droplets of blood to be smaller in diameter, and more like a spray. High velocity blood spatter: ... This causes the pattern of the blood to be similar to a fine spray.

Explanation:

Traits are based on improving what primary factor in organisms?
a. behavior
b. anatomy
c. fitness
d. physiology

Answers

Physiology is the answer

In your own words, how does the cost of making biofuel from microalgae compare to the cost of making fossil fuels?

Answers

Answer:

Biofuels like fuel from microalgae are very costly as compared to fossil fuels.

Explanation:

The cost of biofuels is too high as compared to that of fossil fuel. For instance,

the cost of 1 gallon of algal fuel is $32.81 per gallon while cost of diesel is $2.9 -3.2 per gallon.

However, biofuels are very environment friendly as compared to that of fossil fuels.

help I want to know if I am correct?

Answers

Answer:

you are right. the answer is good. congrats.

Answer:

yes it's correct

Explanation:

snshdshdiszu

What system is interacting with the digestive system to cause perstalsis?​

Answers

Answer:

The process of peristalsis is controlled by the medulla oblongata. Esophageal peristalsis is typically assessed by performing an esophageal motility study.

Explanation:

Which of the statements is correct regarding water potential in plants
1. Water moves from a low water potential to a high water potential
2. Water moves from a. high water potential to a low water potential
3. Water potential in the leaves of trees is higher than the water potential in the roots of trees

Answers

Three I’m so smart man

A virus has wiped out the grasshopper population in the area. What effects to the ecosystem will most likely occur?​

Answers

Answer:

Those who prey on grasshoppers will have their population decline while the grass population will rise.

Explanation:

Organisms need food to survive. If their food is gone, they won’t thrive as well. This isn’t saying they’ll go extinct, as they may have other food sources, but life will be harder with one food source gone. Since grasshoppers eat grass, the grass population will rise some due to a lack of predation. Hope it helps :)

When new cells are formed through the process of mitosis, the number of chromosomes in the new cells

Answers

Answer:

remains the same as in the parent cell

Explanation:

please mark this answer as brainliest

What is true of the most recent ice age?
O A. It made the dinosaurs extinct.
OB. The continents were much closer together than they are now.
O c. It occurred during the Mesozoic era.
O D. Sea levels were 300 feet lower than they are now.

Answers

D, low sea levels caused the ice age.

16. In the process of digestion, food gets ready to exit the body. Which is another body system that aids in waste removal?
A. Excretory
A. Excretory

B. Endocrine
B. Endocrine

C. Skeletal
C. Skeletal

D. Nervous

Answers

Answer:

A) Excretory

Explanation:

A good way to remember is Ex - like exit so it will leave the body.

Answer:

A. Excretory

Explanation:

Bile is stored in the gallbladder until it is needed. The pancreas makes enzymes that help digest proteins, fats, and carbs. It also makes a substance that neutralizes stomach acid. These enzymes and bile travel through special pathways (called ducts) into the small intestine, where they help to break down food.

What is a DNA replication?​

Answers

Answer:

DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division.

a) unicellular prokaryotes that live in dust Archaebacteria_____ b) unicellular eukaryotes that live in pond water Archaebacteria__________ c) multicellular eukaryotes that live all over the planet and consume food _Animalia___________ d) unicellular prokaryotes that live in volcanic ash and other inhospitable environments Archaebacteria _____________________ e) multicullular eukaryotes that have cell walls and are heterotrophic ______________________________ f) multicullular eukaryotes that have cell walls and are autotrophic ______________________________

Answers

Answer:

The fill in the blanks are as follows:

a-unicellular prokaryotes that live in dust are Eubacteria.

b-unicellular eukaryotes that live in pond water are Protista.

c-multicellular eukaryotes that live all over the planet and consume food are Anamalia.

d-unicellular prokaryotes that live in volcanic ash and other inhospitable environments are Archaebacteria.

e-multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls and are heterotrophic are Fungi.

f-multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls and are autotrophic are Plantae.

Explanation:

By looking for the definitions of the different types of eukoaryotes and prokaryotes, the fill in the blanks are correctly completed.

Female ovaries play two central roles in the female reproductive system: they act as both glands and gonads Acting as glands, the
ovaries produce several female sex hormones.
controls the development of the mammary glands and uterus during
puberty and stimulates the development of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle. What is this hormone produced by the
ovaries?
es )
A)
estrogen
B)
progesterone
testosterone
D)
human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

Answers

A) Estrogen is the answer

14. Which animals would best fill in the blank for this food chain? Plankton → __________ → crab a. The seaweed b. The small fish c. The starfish d. The shark

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

plankton and crabs aren't technically fish, therefore eliminate b and d. seaweed would not progress to crab, therefore starfish is the correct answer.

which of the following statements best decribes how proteins and enzymes move within a cell?


a. the movement of proteins and enzymes within a cell is facilitated by membrane receptors.

b. the movement of proteins and enzymes within a cell is facilitated by special organelles called transport receptors.

c. the movement of proteins and enzymes within a cell is facilitated by intracellular receptors.

d. the movement of proteins and enzymes within a cell is facilitated by special organelles called magneto receptors.

Answers

The answer to this is Option b

There are two types of vitamins: , which are stored in the liver (excess of them becomes toxic), and , which are excreted in the urine.

Answers

Answer:

I think these will be the fat soluble vitamins .....the A,D,E,K

Explanation:

The liver stores vitamin A, D, E, K and B12. The first four of these are all fat soluble. This means that the bile secreted during digestion is essential for absorbing them so that the body can use them. If bile production is compromised by liver damage, the proper absorption of these vitamins may be affected.

WILL GIVE BRAINLIST!!! How are population increases affect water resources in Texas?

Answers

More population = more demand for water resources.
P.S- i live in Texas uwu

11. Which of the following is an example of a pigment?
a. Glucose
c. Chlorophyll
b. Pyruvate
d. NADPH

Answers

The answer is C, Chlorophyll

Chlorophyll is an example of a pigment. Option C is correct.

The chlorophyll is the green pigment in the leaves. The chlorophyll absorbs the red and blue wavelengths of light from the sun. As a result, the light reflected from the leaves is less red and blue, making it appear green. Chlorophyll molecules are large.

Chlorophyll is made up of one central magnesium atom, surrounded by a ring of nitrogen-containing structures called porphyrins; attached to this ring is a chain of long carbon-hydrogen side chains called phytol chains.

The biosynthesis pathway of chlorophyll b involves the same enzyme as that of chlorophyllide.

Therefore the correct option is option C.

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Yo plz help no links
6. _________________ happens when solid material separates out of a liquid, usually when the liquid evapo- rates.
a. Weathering
b. Erosion
c. Sedimentation d. Precipitation

Answers

Answer:

Those sediments can be formed from the weathering and erosion of preexisting rocks. Sedimentary rocks also include chemical precipitates, the solid materials left behind after a liquid evaporates. ... For example, the mineral olivine crystallizes out of magma at much higher ... Dana Desonie, Ph.D.

Explanation:

Answer:

Sedimentation

Explanation:

Sedimentation is the tendency for particles in suspension to settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and come to rest against a barrier.

Hope this helped!!!

Complete the following sentence.
To reduce the chances of resistant insects evolving from overexposure to BT-modified crops, farmers producing these crops are required to also plant ________varieties of the same crops.

Answers

unmodified

To reduce the chances of resistant insects evolving from overexposure to BT-modified crops, farmers producing these crops are required to also plant ________varieties of the same crops.

The result of genes controlling mitosis not working properly is:
a. diabetes
b. high blood pressure
c. dyslexia
d. cancer

Answers

Answer:

d

Explanation:

This leads to unnecessary replication and out-of-control cell and tissue growth

3. What is the scientific term for a group of interacting individuals of the same type, living in the same area at the same time?

Answers

Answer: The scientific name is called POPULATION.

Explanation:

In basic ecological studies, POPULATION is defined as a group of interacting individual of the same type or species, living in the same area or habitat and at the same time.

Furthermore, to study a population of organisms, the different characteristics seen include:

--> Population size: This is important as it affects the survival of a given species in a habitat. A small population may be easily wiped out by events such a fire but a large population stands a better chance of survival.

--> Population frequency: This is simply how often the species occurs at different sites in a habitat.

--> Population density: this is the average number of individuals of a species per unit area of the habitat.

--> Percentage cover: This is the area of ground occupied by a given species in its habitat.

--> Distribution: This is the way in which individuals of a particular population are arranged in a habitat. They may be clumped, evenly spaced or randomly spaced.

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Mhanifa please help these are my last ones ! how does a wave change direction when it bounces off a surface? What is the measure of angle ABC ? Calculate sales tax using the following information: Taxable amount of the sale: $ 189 Sales tax percentage: 6 % What is the amount of the sales tax? Round the answer to the nearest cent (hundredths). HELP NOW PLEASE ANSWER COMPLETELY ACCURATE USE PAPER IF NECESSARY AND UPLOAD PHOTO TO RESPONSE I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST PLEASE HELP Write the solution to the equation as a decimal. 2x = 3 you observe thundering herd common stoc k selling for $40.00 per share. the next dividen is ecoected to be $2.00, and is expected to grow at a 4% annual rate forever. If your requir4ed rate of return is 12%, you should purchase the stock? A. Yes, because the presemt value of the expected future cash flows is greater than $40 g How did the advances in science and technology change everyday life for Americans in the 1950s Similar Occupations to a singer What are the two adjectives in the sentence "I like the spicy Korean dish called bibimbap" Whats the answer to this?! ;))) state two changes which take place in the flower after pollination 4 Which type of interview would be the most beneficial as part of a research project?Interviewing someone who grew up in a region that your research paper discussesInterviewing someone who experienced the historical event that your research paper discussesInterviewing someone who has some general but not specialized knowledge about carsInterviewing someone who owns several old cars for a research paper on new car technology WILL MARK BRAINILISTWhich of the following is a correct description of the back stretch?A. Extend arms out to the side or grasp hands behind the bodyB. In prone (face down) position, lift your upper body to the elbows and holdC. Bring arms out is front and slightly round the backD. Extend arms out to the side and slightly behind, rotate thumbs down 2. Currently, Yamir is twice as old as Pato. In three years, the sum of their ages will be 30. If Pato's current ageis represented by a, which of the following equations could be used to correctly solve for a?(1) a + 2a + 3 = 30.(2) a + 2a +6 = 30(3) (a +3)+2(a +3) = 30(4) a +2(a +6)= 30 after a meal.6. Exercise for the diabetic should occura. Immediatelyb. 1-3 hoursc. 5 hoursd. a day if 3 xa 30, thenA 4-3B. a=1c a=30D a=0.E. a = 10 help quick please!!!!!!!!!!! Standard deviation refers to the __________. A. statistics used to organize, summarize, and describe sample data B. value within a given set of data in its original form C. average distance between variable scores and the mean in a set of data D. difference between the largest and smallest variable scores in a set of data Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D A boy weighs 84 lbs, what is his mass? a. 185 kg b. 84 lbs c. 84 kg d. 38 kg please help asap! giving 20 points