A cloning vectors should include all of the following, except a promoter for bacterial expression.
A cloning vector is a plasmid that is used to insert a desired DNA sequence into bacteria in order for it to be cloned. A multiple cloning site with cleavage sequences for various restriction enzymes should be present in the vector, enabling the plasmid to be split and the target sequence implanted. Cloning vectors should also include selection markers, such as antibiotic resistance, to help identify bacteria which have taken up the plasmid. Eventually, the cloning vector must possess a replication origin in order to be replicated by the bacteria. The cloning vector, on the other hand, does not require a promoter for bacterial expression because the primary objective is to generate many replicas of the DNA molecule rather than to express it into protein.
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During transcription, initiation involves the attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter and the start of RNA synthesis.
Group of answer choices
True
False
Answer:
true
Explanation:
True. During transcription, initiation is the first step in which RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of the DNA molecule.
The promoter is a specific sequence of nucleotides located upstream of the gene that signals the start site for transcription. RNA polymerase recognizes and binds to the promoter sequence, forming a complex called the transcription initiation complex.
Once the transcription initiation complex is formed, RNA synthesis begins. RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA double helix in the region of the gene, exposing the template strand. It then catalyzes the synthesis of an RNA molecule by adding complementary RNA nucleotides to the growing RNA chain according to the base pairing rules (A-U and G-C).
So, the statement "During transcription, initiation involves the attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter and the start of RNA synthesis" is true. Initiation is indeed the process where RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and initiates the synthesis of an RNA molecule based on the DNA template. This is a crucial step in the process of transcription, as it determines where and when the transcription of a specific gene will occur.
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1. Which of the following events is not a source of genetic variation in eukaryotic organisms?
J. Mutation
K. Independent assortment
L. Mitosis
M. Fertilisation
Answer:
Mitosis
Explanation:
Mitosis is not a source of genetic mutation because it take place mostly in the somatic cells. This is because it does not lead to the production of gametes . In mitosis, the parent cells divide into two daughter cells and each daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell because they carry the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. There is no genetic variation in this.
Which of these is a difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is found in the nucleus; RNA is never found in the nucleus.
DNA consists of five different nucleotides; RNA consists of four different nucleotides.
RNA is double-stranded; DNA is single-stranded.
DNA contains thymine; RNA contains uracil.
In DNA, adenine pairs with guanine; in RNA, adenine pairs with thymine.
Like DNA, RNA is made up of nucleotides. There are two differences that distinguish DNA from RNA: (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine.
1) Bacteria respond to changes in their environments, such as nutrient availability, by regulating their metabolic pathways. Describe two mechanisms that bacteria use in order to adapt to environmental changes. Include in your answer which mechanism is a short-term or long-term adaptation. (Pg. 364, paragraph 3, sentence 2; paragraph 4, sentence 1)
Answer:
Examples:
- Short-term adaptation: feedback inhibition
- Long-term adaptation: regulation of gene expression
Explanation:
Feedback inhibition is a mechanism where the product of a chemical reaction is utilized to modulate its own subsequent synthesis. In bacteria, feedback inhibition allows regulating different metabolic pathways in response to environmental conditions by modulating enzyme activity through enzyme reaction products. Moreover, bacteria may also respond to environmental inputs by long-term changes in gene expression. For example, bacteria contain transcription factors activated during stress, which are able to activate the transcription of particular genes into messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that would subsequently be used to generate particular enzymes by the process of translation. These transcription factors may bind to specific DNA motifs in order to promote transcriptional activity, thereby regulating the production of the corresponding enzyme.
Is the following sentence true or false? Liquid magma is formed when small amounts of mantle rock melt?
Answer:
Absolutely True!
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP TAKING TEST NOW!!!!!!!!!!!!!! What is the main factor causing the salinity of the Everglades to change? (1 point)
O snake populations
O flood control levees
O climate change
O transportation canals
Answer: snake populations
Explanation:
Which of the following statements about phylogenetic trees is not true?
A. They can show which groups of organisms are most closely related.
B. They can show which groups of organisms are more advanced than other groups.
C. They can show which group of organisms diverged longest ago.
D. They can show predictions of evolutionary relationships from the analysis of shared heritable traits.
Answer:
B. They can show which groups of organisms are more advanced than other groups.
They can show which groups of organisms are more advanced than other group is not true about phylogenetic tree.
It is used to identify the phylogenetic relationship between the organisms.It show which group of organism diverged longest ago.What is phylogenetic tree?It is a diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, or genes from common ancestors.It is based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.To know more about phylogenetic tree here
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Please give an awesome explanation.Ky answer if you're very good at Science/Biology.Please don't put a link to a website.
Explain how competition for food can cause natural selection.
Answer:
Competition for food happens when there is a limited amount of food resources available. The members of a species that eat that food who are best adapted to access the food are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genes to the next generation.
For example, we have a bird feeder with a narrow opening for food. The small-headed birds can reach the food, the bigger-headed birds cannot. If this was the only food source for this area, then over time, there would be more smaller-headed birds than large-headed birds, due to the competition for food and success/lack of success.
HELP PLEASE 30 POINTS!
Answer:
It becomes more smaller in tension because that is what contract means, they take different forms which are smaller such as what the question example gives you, when you bend your biceps they become smaller in length.
Hope this helps!
Oxygen and air are? Abiotic or biotic 
oxygen and air are abiotic
Answer:
Oxygen and air are both abiotic because they do not have carbon atoms, therefore they are non living substances.
what would never be part of an mRNA strand?
Answer:
Uracil
Explanation:
Thymine would never be part of an mRNA strand.thus, option A is correct.
What is mRNA?Messenger RNA (mRNA), molecule in cells that carries codes from the DNA in the nucleus to the sites of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm (the ribosomes).
It was also known that there are only four nucleotides in mRNA: adenine (A), uracil (U), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). Same three nucleotide base is also present in the DNA except thymine. Thymine is replaced with uracil in case of RNA. thus option A is correct.
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Explain how gene therapy is able to solve genetic diseases. Please take
your time explaining in detail a few of the the tools that are currently used
for this treatment. (5 marks)
Answer:
Gene therapy is used to correct defective genes in order to cure a disease or help your body better fight disease. Researchers are investigating several ways to do this, including: Replacing mutated genes. Some cells become diseased because certain genes work incorrectly or no longer work at all
Helpp me plz is it A,b,c ,d make sure you pick the rite one
Answer:
C. a System
Explanation:
for anyone out there
A plant with green seed pods (GG) is crossed with a plant with yellow seed pods (gg).
Draw a Punnett Square on a piece of paper and determine the Genotype of the
offspring.
Desmosomes are made of the following cellular components
Answer:
jdhhdhdhhdhdhdbndbbdndb
Question 4 (1 point)
What pattern occurs every 365.26 days on Earth? Choose all correct answers.
Earth rotates around the Sun.
Oь
Earth revolves around the Sun.
C с
Earth's degree of axis tilt changes.
d
Earth orbits around the Sun.
How do different parts of the nervous system work together to help you perceive and react to the environment?
which of the following are parts of the biosphere. choose all that apply
river
deer
tree
mountain
mushroom
Which process of respiration does fermentation utilize?
Answer:
anaerobic respiration: A form of respiration using electron acceptors other than oxygen. fermentation: An anaerobic biochemical reaction. When this reaction occurs in yeast, enzymes catalyze the conversion of sugars to alcohol or acetic acid with the evolution of carbon dioxide
Explanation:
What are there scientific name.
Please Answer
Answer:
manubruim = trapezoid
I hope it helps you
Match the elements to their periodic table groups based on their uses or properties
Acid precipitation harms vegetation and reduces soil quality. Which of these is most responsible for acid precipitation?
a)decrease in ozone levels
b)burning of fossil fuels
c)changes in the atmosphere
d)changes in the climate
Answer:
b burning of fossil fuels
Explanation:
What caused scientists to believe the continents used to be
Which of these is a result of crossing over?
a.) Decrease in the number of chromosomes
b.) Exchange of proteins
c.) Exchange of genetic material
d.) Increase in the number of chromosomes
The result of crossing over is the exchange of genetic material that is present in Option C because this only happens in meiosis during the prophase and results in different gametes.
What is the importance of crossing over?"Crossing over" is a process that occurs during meiosis of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that produces gametes such as sperm and eggs. During crossing over, the genetic material in the parent cells' chromosomes is exchanged, resulting in new combinations of genes in the gametes, and the importance of crossing over is that it creates genetic diversity within a population.
Hence, the result of crossing over is the exchange of genetic material that is present in Option C because this only happens in meiosis during the prophase and results in different gametes.
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if you wanted to determine the temperature of a star, which measurement would you make? refraction Doppler shift emission spectrum absorption spectrum (K12 question also its Earth Science)
Answer: Emission Spectrum
Explanation:
K12 4.17 Quiz: Electromagnetic Spectrum
As a genetic counselor, you advise couples about the possibility of genetic disease in their offspring. This morning you met with an engaged couple, both of whom are phenotypically normal. The man, however, has a brother who died of Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy, an X-linked condition that results in death before the age of 20. The allele responsible for this disease is recessive. His fiancee, whose family has no history of the disease, is worried that the couple's sons or daughters might be afflicted.
Requied:
a. How would you advise this couple?
b. The sister of this man is planning to marry his fiancée's brother. How would you advise this second couple?
Answer:
a. This couple should not worry.
b. This couple should worry.
Explanation:
a. The man should not be worried. This is because he is normal (phenotypically).
b. They should be worried because the sister of the man can be a carrier of the recessive allele. If she was a carrier, then half of their male children can be affected.
ANSWER PLSS GIVING BRAINLY
Answer: Primary succession: Glaciers, bare rock, lichen
Secondary succession: Wildfires, volcanoes, hurricanes, deforestation
Explanation:
Succession in ecology can be defined as gradual changes that occur in the biotic community in an ecosystem with respect to the changes that occur in the abiotic components of the environment. Primary succession initiate in an land which is not previously occupied by any living species. These includes the changes that occur at the primitive level on the land. That is the formation of glacier from the ice, bare rock will undergo withering and disintegration to form the soil, lichen are the biological composite organisms formed by the mutual association of algae and fungi. These lichens act upon the rocks to cause its withering by releasing the chemicals causing disintegration of the rocks.
Secondary succession occurs at those regions which have been colonized by the living species and get disturbed due to human oriented or natural disasters. Wildfires can be set up naturally, through volcanic eruption, or can be human induced can clear up the forests but some remains of seeds and deep rooted roots can help in growth of new plants which will again initiate the succession, again volcanoes, and hurricanes, are also natural hazards which can affect the population of species in an ecosystem. Deforestation is a human oriented practice in which vegetation cover or forests are clear cut. This will also cause loss of biodiversity.
2. Which contains the other, cell membrane or phospholipid?
Answer:
Cell membrane contains phospholipid
Explanation:
Part of the cell membrane is made up of the phospholipid bilayer, which consists of two layers of phospholipids.
Why is maintenance of a constant blood pH critical for body processes?
A. enzymes work best within a narrow pH range.
B. Some bacteria thrive in very acidic conditions.
C. Blood with a high pH helps prevent cancer.
D. The production of vitamin C by skin cells requires low pH values.
Answer:
enzymes work best within a narrow pH range.
Explanation:
Some bacteria thrive in very acidic conditions
Which is the most likely outcome for a species of fish that lacks the genetic variation necessary to adapt to a changing ocean environment?
A. Become extinct over time
B. Begin to reproduce asexually
C. Develop mutated cells
D. Develop a resistance to disease
A. to become extinct over time