Answer:
The punching bag exerts a force of 1300 Newtons on the boxer.
Explanation:
The punching bag exerts 1300 Newtons on the boxer because Newton's third law says that "every action has an equal and opposite reaction" which means that for example, as the boxer punches the punching bag, the boxer exerts a force of 1300 Newtons to the right. The punching bag at the same time exerts a force of 1300 Newtons to the left against the boxer. So "every action" would be the boxer pushing on (punching) the bag and the bag moving (for example) to the right, away from the boxer, "equal and opposite reaction" would be the punching bag pushing against the boxer (during contact) and moving to the left, which is cause for the back and forth movement of the bag after contact with the boxer.
(Sorry for the long-winded explanation, hope this helps!)
The table compares some characteristics of two atoms.
Charged Particles
Atom Number of Neutrons Mass Number
X
Y
6
7
12
13
Which of the following is true about the two atoms?
O Atom X and Atom Y are in the same row, but not the same family, on the periodic table.
O Atom X and Atom Y occupy the same position in the periodic table because they are isotopes.
O Atom X is in a column to the right of Atom Y in the periodic table.
O Atoms X and Atom Y are in the same family, but not the same row, in the periodic table.
The true statement about the two atoms X and Y is
Atom X and Atom Y occupy the same position in the periodic table because they are isotopes.The correct option is B.
What are the atomic number and mass number of the given atoms?The atomic number is the difference between the mass number and the neutron number.
Atomic number = mass number - neutron number
The atomic number and mass number of the given atoms X and Y are as follows:
Atom X:
mass number = 12,
neutron number = 6
atomic number = 12 - 6
atomic number = 6
Atom Y:
mass number = 13
neutron number = 7
atomic number = 13 - 7
atomic number = 6
X and Y have the same atomic number but different mass numbers. Hence, they are isotopes.
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What would happen to the concentrations of pyruvate, nadh and intermembrane h+ if glycolysis stopped working?.
The concentrations of pyruvate, NADH and intermembrane H⁺ if glycolysis stopped working is the pyruvate will decreases , the NADH will decreases and the intermembrane H⁺ will also decreases.
The glycolysis is the ,metabolic process steps in the cellular respiration. the glucose will convert to the pyruvate molecules in the presence of the oxygen and will convert in to the lactate in the absence of the oxygen. The production of the pyruvate , NADH and the intermembrane depends on the glycolysis . so when the glycolysis will stopped working all the three will decrease.
Thus, the pyruvate, NADH and intermembrane H⁺ decrease when the glycolysis stop working.
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Drag the tiles to the correct locations. each tile can be used more than once, but not all tiles will be used. some locations will remain empty. chloramine has the chemical formula nh2cl. nitrogen has five valence electrons, each hydrogen has one valence electron, and chlorine has seven valence electrons. complete the lewis structure for this covalent compound. an uppercase n indicates the symbol of the nitrogen atom. an uppercase h indicates the symbol of the hydrogen atom. a dash indicates a single bond. a vertical line. parallel double dashes indicate a double bond. three parallel dashes indicate a triple bond. two solid dots represent a lone pair of electrons. two solid vertical dots represent a lone pair of electrons. one solid dot represents an electron.
The Lewis structure for chloramine is N-H-H | | Cl.
What is chloramine?
Chloramines are ammonia and organic amine derivatives in which one or even more N-H bonds have been changed to N-Cl bonds. The classes of compounds that are taken into consideration are organic and inorganic chloramines. The three substances that make up inorganic chloramines are monochloramine (NH2Cl), dichloramine (NHCl2), as well as nitrogen trichloride (NCl3). The importance of monochloramine as a water disinfectant is considerable. The NCl functional group is joined to the an organic substituent in organic chloramines. N-Chloromorpholine, N-Chloropiperidine, as well as N-Chloroquinuclidinium Chloride are a few examples.
The nitrogen atom has 5 valence electrons and is represented by an uppercase N. The two hydrogen atoms each have 1 valence electron and are represented by an uppercase H. The chlorine atom has 7 valence electrons and is represented by a lowercase Cl. The nitrogen atom is connected to the two hydrogen atoms by single bonds (represented by a dash). The chlorine atom is connected to the nitrogen atom by a single bond (represented by a dash). There are two lone pairs of electrons (represented by two solid dots) around the nitrogen atom.
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in the retrosynthetic analysis of the given target molecule, which disconnection leads to an epoxide starting material
Retrosynthetic analysis is a method for resolving issues with organic syntheses' planning. To do this, a target molecule is converted into less complex precursor structures.
What kind of chemical does retrosynthesis target?The molecule whose synthesis is being planned is known as the target molecule. Deconstructing a target is the process of retrosynthesis.
Which of the following name reactions is used in the provided synthesis for FGI?One of the most typical methods in synthetic chemistry is functional group interconversion (FGI) reactions. Cinnamic aldehyde is converted into two distinct products in this experiment by reduction with LiALH4, depending on the sequence in which the reactants are added.
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joe is getting his energy expenditure measured by direct calorimetry. the 1 liter of water surrounding the chamber has an initial reading of 15 degrees celsius. the final reading is 2015 degrees celsius. how many calories did he expend?
Joe is getting his energy expenditure measured by direct calorimetry, and 1 liter of water surrounding chamber has an initial reading of 15 degrees Celsius. Final reading is 2015 degrees Celsius. Calories that he expend is 2,000 degree Celsius.
What is direct calorimetry?Direct calorimetry obtains direct measurement of the amount of heat generated by body within a structure large enough to permit moderate amounts of activity. These structures are known as whole-room calorimeters. Direct calorimetry gives a measure of energy expended in the form of heat.
Direct calorimetry provides the user with unique capacity to quantify the heat produced from aerobic and anaerobic metabolism by measuring heat exchange between body and the environment.
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HELP ASAP URGENT WILL GIVE BRAINIEST (CORRECT ANSWERS ONLY!!!!!) What mass of H2 forms when
35.25 g Al reacts with excess
hydrochloric acid?
2AI + 6HCI → 2AICI3 + 3H2
Al: 26.98 g/mol
H2: 2.02 g/mol
?] g H2
According to the mass ratio 3.51 g of H₂ were produced.
What is a reaction's mass ratio?The ratio between the masses of the reactants and products in a reaction's balanced equation is known as the mass ratio.
Example for mass ratio: calculate the amount of copper per unit of chlorine for each compound by dividing the mass of copper by the mass of chlorine. The ratio of the copper masses in the two compounds can then be calculated by dividing the larger value by the smaller value.
The reaction's equation is provided below;
2 AI + 6 HCI → 2 AICI₃ + 3 H₂
From the reaction equation, 2×27 g of Al produces 3×2 g of H₂
32.25 g of Al will produce: 6/55× 32.25 g of H₂
Consequently, the amount of H₂ produced is 3.51 g of H₂.
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substituting residues in a peptide with which amino acid will most likely result in a peptide with an increased pi?
It has been established that a similar substitution, in which glutamate is switched out for lysine, can lead to mutant proteins that are less stable as dimers or less capable of binding DNA.
What happens if valine is used instead of glutamic acid?A nucleotide error that results in the synthesis of aberrant beta-chains in hemoglobin S, the single amino acid substitution of valine for glutamic acid in the beta-chain that causes sickle cell anemia.
Which four substituents are present on all amino acids?In amino acids, the four valency positions of the core carbon atom are occupied by four substituent groups (alpha carbon). These include the following: hydrogen, carboxyl group, amino group, and a variable group known as the R group. As a result of the substituent, amino acids are also known as substituted methanes.
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Which is the best CONDUCTOR: a metal spoon, a plastic spoon, or a wooden spoon?
the highest value in the blosum62 matrix is 11 for (w, w). what does this tell us about the amino acid represented by w (tryptophan)?
The highest value of the blosum62 matrix for Tryptophan amino acids depicts that this amino acid is conserved when two proteins are aligned.
What is the Blosum62 scoring matrix?For BLASTP, the default scoring matrix is the BLOSUM62 matrix. By examining the rates of amino acid alterations in collections of related proteins, the BLOSUM62 matrix was created. When two proteins were aligned, the amino acid sequences inside each cluster, or block, were at least 62% identical. Researchers computed the rates of all amino acid changes that have taken place in these conserved protein building blocks. The BLOSUM62 score matrix for amino acid substitutions was subsequently created using this data. Cysteine, tryptophan, and histidine, which have the highest scores, are the amino acids that are most highly conserved.
What is Amino acid?The building components of protein are amino acids. A hydrogen atom, a basic amino group, a carboxylic acid group, a side-chain group, and an R-group are all connected to the core carbon atom of each molecule. The R-group distinguishes amino acids from one another.
Hence, the highest value of the blosum62 matrix for Tryptophan amino acids depicts that this amino acid is conserved when two proteins are aligned.
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Write the balanced NET ionic
equation for the reaction when
aqueous Cs3PO4 and aqueous
AgNO3 are mixed in solution to
form solid Ag3PO4 and aqueous
CsNO3 Be sure to include the
proper phases for all species
within the reaction.
The balanced NET ionic equation for the reaction when aqueous Cs₃PO₄ and aqueous AgNO₃ are mixed in solution to form solid Ag₃PO₄ and aqueous CsNO₃ is: PO₄³⁻(aq.) + 3Ag⁺(aq.) → Ag₃PO₄ (s)
What is ionic equation?If the electrolytes in an aqueous solution are stated as dissociated ions in a chemical equation, the equation is known as an ionic equation.
In this case, since the net ionic equation of a chemical reaction shows up the ionic species that result from the simplification of the spectator ions, which are those at both reactants and products sides, we take into account that aqueous species ionize into ions whereas liquid, solid and gas species remain unionized. In such a way, for the reaction of cesium phosphate and silver nitrate. The equation becomes:
Cs₃PO₄ (aq.) + 3AgNO₃ (aq.) → Ag₃PO₄ (s) + 3CsNO₃ (aq.)
Whereas the three aqueous salts are ionized in order to write the following complete ionic equation:
3Cs⁺(aq.) + PO₄³⁻(aq.) + 3Ag⁺(aq.) + 3NO₃⁻(aq.) → Ag₃PO₄(s) + 3Cs⁺(aq.) + 3NO₃⁻(aq.)
In such a way, since the cesium and nitrate ions are the spectator ions because of the aforementioned, the net ionic equation turns out:
PO₄³⁻(aq.) + 3Ag⁺(aq.) → Ag₃PO₄ (s)
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All plants and animals use the process of choose. To obtain energy from food. This process begins in the choose. , where glucose is broken down into smaller molecules to produce energy. The second part of the process takes place in the choose. . Here the molecules are broken down further and produce choose. As a waste product. In addition, the second part of the process requires choose. In order to function.
Oxygen can be present or absent during cellular respiration. Because the cell appears to breathe in molecular oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide, the process is known as cellular respiration.
What are molecules called?Any atoms joined by chemical bonds are referred to be molecules in general. A molecule is made up of any two atoms together. A molecule consisting of atoms from various elements is referred to as a compound. Although all molecules are compounds, not all compounds are molecules.
What three molecules are necessary for all life?Nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates make up the four basic building blocks of life. Each and every one of the 4 categories is essential for every living thing on Earth. A cell or organism could not survive without any one of these four molecules.
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write both a ablacnced molecular eation and a net ionic equation for each precipitation reaction observed in this experiment
Balanced molecular equation and a net ionic equation for precipitation reaction with example is as follows:
Molecular equation
Hg₂(NO₃)₂ (aq) + KI(aq) ⇒Hg₂I₂(s) + 2KNO₃(aq)
Total Ionic equation
Hg²⁺(aq) + 2NO³⁻(aq) + 2K⁺aq) ⇒Hg₂I₂(s) + 2K⁺(aq) + NO³⁻ (aq)
Net Ionic equation
Hg²⁺(aq) + 2I⁻(aq) ⇒ Hg₂I₂(s)
The only reference to a chemical equation is a balanced equation. Any ionic substances or acids are represented in a molecular equation as neutral compounds using their chemical formulae. The state of each substance is listed in parenthesis after the formula. In contrast to a net ionic equation, which only shows the chemical species participating in a reaction, a complete ionic equation also includes the spectator ions.
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What is the pressure of a gas in torr if its pressure is 305 kPa?
Answer:
the pressure of the gas in torr is 2280 torr
Explanation:
The pressure of a gas in torr can be calculated by converting its pressure in kPa to atmospheres and then converting the atmospheric pressure to torr.
One atmosphere is equal to 101.325 kPa. Therefore, the pressure of the gas in atmospheres is 305 kPa / 101.325 kPa/atm = 3.00 atm.
One torr is equal to 1/760 of an atmosphere. Therefore, the pressure of the gas in torr is 3.00 atm * 760 torr/atm = 2280 torr.
Therefore, the pressure of the gas in torr is 2280 torr
Facilitated diffusion is used to transport
sugars and amino acids.
H2O and O2.
CO2 and O2.
CO2 and H2O.
sugars and H2O.
Water(h2o), carbon dioxide(co2), and oxygen(o2) can move through a plasma membrane by simple diffusion.
What is simple diffusion in plasma membrane?Na+ is the substance which would have the most trouble crossing a biological membrane through diffusion.Consider substances like carbon dioxide and oxygen (O2) that can easily travel through the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane (CO2). These minute, lipid-soluble gas molecules and other small particles can diffuse in the membrane and migrate along a gradient of concentration to enter or exit the cell.Simple diffusion is a type of passive transport where molecules move across a cell membrane from This is the movement of a substance from a region of higher concentration to that of a lower concentration.Polar and charged substances typically have most difficulty passing through a lipid bilayer due to repulsive actions thereby making option D the most appropriate choice.one side where they are more concentrated to the other. O2 often diffuses into cells because it is more concentrated outside of them, and CO2 usually diffuses out of cells because it is more concentrated inside.Facilitated diffusion therefore allows polar and charged molecules, such as carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleosides, and ions, to cross the plasma membrane. Two classes of proteins that mediate facilitated diffusion are generally distinguished: carrier proteins and channel proteins.To learn more about amino acids refer to:
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What happens to the other ions that are not attracted to the electrodes?
Ions can be made by single element or covalently bonded group of elements. The covalently bonded group of elements is called polyatomic ions or polyatomic atoms. Therefore, the other ions that are not attracted to the electrodes form salt.
What is Ions?Any species that contain charge whether it is positive charge or negative charge is called ions. The example of polyatomic ions are sulfate, phosphate, nitrate etc.
Cation is the species that loose electron and attain positive charge while anion is a species which gain electron and attains negative charge so when anion and cation combine in fixed ration the the overall charge of the molecule is zero that is molecule is neutral, the charge over cation and anion is also called oxidation state.
Positive ions are attracted towards negative electrode and negative ions are attracted toward positive electrodes. the ions which are not attracted to either of the electrode, these form salt with the other ion remaining in the electrolyte.
Therefore, the other ions that are not attracted to the electrodes form salt.
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cirlce the major conformer in each of following equilibria. please put explanations that i can understand thank you
The major conformer in ethane is Eclipse Conformation. Another clockwise rotation at an angle of 60 degrees would lead to second eclipsed conformation.
What is ethane?
Ethane turned into first synthesized in 1834 by using Michael Faraday, making use of electrolysis of a potassium acetate answer. He mistook the hydrocarbon manufactured from this response for methane and did no longer check out it further.Throughout the duration 1847–1849, that allows you to vindicate the radical principle of organic chemistry, Hermann Kolbe and Edward Frankland produced ethane.They mistook the product of those reactions for the methyl radical (CH3), of which ethane (C2H6) is a dimer.Ethane takes place as a trace gas in the Earth's surroundings, presently having a concentration at sea stage of 0.five ppb, although its pre commercial awareness is likely to were only round 0.25 component according to billion.To know more about ethane, click the link given below:
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which technology is used to measure the mass of atoms and to determine the percent composition of compounds? choose the correct answer.
However, a tool known as a mass spectrometer allows scientists to quantify relative atomic masses with extreme accuracy.
Why is it necessary to know what percentages make up a compound?Chemists frequently need to know which components are in a compound and in what proportions. A specific element's mass in any mass of the compound can be calculated using the percent composition as well. Because the two percentages total up to 100%, the calculations make sense.
The significance of mass percent.With the aid of this formula, one can determine the lowest entire number of moles and the proportional number of atoms of each element present in a compound. The true molecular formula can be calculated by chemists using the empirical formula.
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How many times bigger is the radius of a helium atom than the radius of an alpha particle.
The radius of a helium atom is 4.8 times the radius of an alpha particle.
What is alpha particle?
Alpha particles, also called alpha rays and alpha radiation, have a structure similar to that of the helium-4 nucleus, consisting of two protons and two neutrons bonded together.
What is helium?
Helium has been used as an inert gas environment for welding metals such as aluminum. It is also used for rocket propulsion.
The radius of a helium atom is 4.8 times the radius of an alpha particle. The diameter of the nucleus of the helium atom, an alpha particle, was also measured more accurately than ever before. The results only show a size of 1.6782 femtometers, making him 4.8 times more accurate than previous measurements.
Therefore, The radius of a helium atom is 4.8 times the radius of an alpha particle.
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identify the high-temperature molar specific heat at constant volume for a triatomic ideal gas of the linear molecules.
The two specific temperatures of gas CPCV have a ratio of 1.66 to 1.40 in a gas containing triatomic molecules.
Which of the following is true for a monatomic ideal gas's molar specific heat when the volume is constant?The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one mole of a gas by one degree Celsius at a fixed volume is known as the molar specific heat capacity (Cv) of a gas. It has a value of 3R/2 for monatomic ideal gas and 5R/2 for diatomic ideal gas.
What one of the following describes an ideal gas?The molecules of a perfect gas are always moving at random. Before colliding with another molecule or the surface, they go straight ahead.
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Gifblaar is a small south african shrub and one of the most poisonous plants known because it contains fluoroacetic acid (fch2cooh), which has a pkaof 2. 59.
The concentration of fluoroacetic acid in a solution is [tex]5.69*10^-^3M .[/tex]
What is dissociation of acids?
In an aqueous solution, an acid dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and anions. The molecules of a strong acid dissociate, resulting in a high concentration of H+.
It is calculated by:
Ka = [tex]\frac{[A^-][H^+]}{[H^+]}[/tex]
The dissociation of HCl is given as follows:
HCl ⇄ [tex]H^+[/tex] + [tex]Cl^-[/tex]
The concentration of H+ ion = 0.00275 M.
So,
pH = -log[tex][H^+][/tex]
pH = -log[tex][0.00275M][/tex]
pH = 2.56
According to question
pH of HCl = pH of fluoroacetic acid
The dissociation of fluoroacetic acid is given as follows:
[tex]FCH^2COOH[/tex] ⇄ [tex]FCH_2COO^-[/tex] + [tex]H^+[/tex]
Ka = [tex]\frac{[FCH^2COO^-][H^+]}{FCH^2COOH}[/tex]
pKa = -log [Ka]
2.59 = -log [Ka]
Ka = [tex]2.57*10^-^3[/tex]
According to ICE table:
[tex]FCH^2COOH[/tex] ⇄ [tex]FCH_2COO^-[/tex] + [tex]H^+[/tex]
I C 0 0
C -x +x +x
E C-x x x
According to the equation:
Ka = [tex]\frac{[FCH^2COO^-][H^+]}{FCH^2COOH}[/tex]
[tex]2.57*10^-^3[/tex] = [tex]\frac{x.x}{C-x}[/tex]
[tex]2.57*10^-^3[/tex] = [tex]\frac{x^2}{C-x}[/tex]
x = 0.00275M
[tex]2.57*10^-^3[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0.00275^2}{C-0.00275}[/tex]
Solving for C,
C = 0.00569M or [tex]5.69*10^-^3M .[/tex]
The concentration of fluoroacetic acid in a solution is [tex]5.69*10^-^3M .[/tex]
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Hellllllllpppppppppp
What coefficients of fe, o2 and fe2o3 will show that matter is conserved in this chemical reaction?.
Tally the number of atoms based on subscript. Fe + O2 → Fe2O3. In this scenario, since there are now 6O atoms on the left, there must also be 6O atoms on the right. Step 2: Begin balancing the simple molecules first.
Is the equation 4 Fe 3 O2 2 fe2o3 balanced or not?The number of Fe is actually equal on both sides, and the same is true for O2, so the equation is balanced.
What happens when steam and iron oxide interact?We can also see that the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is off. Let's add four oxygen atoms in front of the H2O molecule on the reactant side since iron oxide contains four oxygen atoms. Iron reacts with steam to produce hydrogen gas and iron oxide. Note: When steam is applied to a red-hot iron, iron oxide and hydrogen gas are produced.
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write the equation for the reaction that will occur when each pair of substances is allowed to react. a. hbr and mg(oh)2 b. h3po4 and koh c. h2so4 and nh4oh
The equation for the reaction that will occur when each pair of substances is allowed to react:
a) 2HBr+ Mg(OH)2⇒MgBr2+2H2O
b) H3PO4+KOH⇒KH2PO4+H2O
c)NH4OH+H2SO4⇒(NH4)2SO4+2H2O
What is neutralisation reaction?
When an acid and a base interact chemically, the process is known as neutralisation or neutralisation. In a process in water, neutralisation leaves the solution with no excess of hydrogen or hydroxide ions.
In all three reactions acid reacts with base to produce salt and water.
Acid+Base⇒Salt+Water
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# of protons , number of neutrons and # of electrons
Answer:
Explanation:
Nitrogen-15: 7electrons, 7protons, 8neutrons.
Nitrogen-20: 7electrons, 7protons, 13neutrons.
Sulphur-23: 16electrons, 16protons, 7neutrons.
Sulphur-25: 16electrons, 16protons, 9neutrons.
The distance to the moon is 238,855 miles. How many meters is this? Record your answer in scientific notation.
Answer:
384399861 meters
Explanation:
NEED ANSWERED ASAP
An ideal gas is at volume V at temperature T. If the volume is doubled at constant pressure and the same amount of gas particles, the temperature will be
unchanged
halved
doubled
four times
Considering the Charles's law, the correct answer is the third option: if the volume is doubled at constant pressure and the same amount of gas particles, the temperature will be doubled.
Charles' lawCharles' law establishes the relationship between the temperature and the volume of a gas when the pressure is constant. Jack Charles observed that when the temperature was increased the volume of the gas also increased and that as it cooled the volume decreased. That is, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.
Mathematically, Charles' law states that if the amount of gas and the pressure remain constant, the ratio between the volume and the temperature always has the same value:
V÷T=k
where:
V is the volume.
T is the temperature.
k is a constant.
Considering an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:
V₁÷T₁= V₂÷T₂
This caseIn this case, the volume is doubled at constant pressure and the same amount of gas particles. This is, V₂= 2×V₁
Replacing in the Charles' law:
V₁÷T₁= 2×V₁÷T₂
(V₁÷T₁)×T₂= 2×V₁
T₂= 2×V₁ ÷(V₁÷T₁)
T₂= 2×T₁
Finally, the temperature will be doubled.
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how do intermolecular and intramolecular forces interact when dissolving solutes in water
Answer:
Intramolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule. Intermolecular forces are forces that exist between molecules.The stronger the intermolecular forces between solute molecule and solvent molecule, the greater the solubility of the solute in the solvent.
Intermolecular and intramolecular forces determine the solubility of solutes in water. As the polar solute dissolves in a polar solvent and nonpolar dissolves in nonpolar.
What are intermolecular forces?Intermolecular forces can be defined as the attractive forces and repulsive forces that develop between the molecules of a substance. These forces decide most of the chemical properties and physical properties of matter. The intermolecular forces between the molecules are known as Vander Waals forces.
Forces between the molecules themselves are known as intermolecular forces. The particles are held together by intermolecular forces while forces present within one molecule are known as intramolecular forces.
The intermolecular forces can be described as Dipole-Dipole Interactions, Ion-Dipole, Ion-Induced Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole Interactions, and Dispersion Forces.
Polar solute shows attractive intermolecular forces for polar solvents while nonpolar solute dissolves in nonpolar solvents. Intermolecular forces help dissolving solutes in water.
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can i get help with this question please
D. Scrubbing
Explanation:In this process, the emissions pass through a scrubber, which uses a chemical reagent to bind to and remove the pollutants from the exhaust gases. This reduces the amount of sulfur dioxide present in the exhaust gases before they are released into the atmosphere.
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lewis structures are a simple shorthand representation of the bonding of atoms and the distribution of ___________ electrons in molecules and polyatomic ions of the main-group elements.
Lewis structures are a simple shorthand representation of the bonding of atoms and the distribution of Valence electrons in molecules and polyatomic ions of the main-group elements.
What are valence electrons?The electrons in an atom's outer shells, or energy level, are called valence electrons. For instance, the valence electrons of oxygen are six, with 2 with in 2s subshell and 4 with in 2p subshell. The valence electron configuration of oxygen can be expressed as 2s²2p4.
What distinguishes valence electrons from regular electrons?Core electrons are those in filled orbitals that are located closest to the nucleus. Valence electrons are simpler to separate than core electrons because they are away from the positive ion (the proton) and so require less energy to travel out from the atom than core electrons.
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Q.8
Which of the following would increase the amount of H₃O⁺¹ ions in a solution?
A. increasing the concentration of the base in the solution
B. increasing the strength of the base in the solution
C. increasing the strength of the acid in the solution
D. decreasing the concentration of the acid in the solution
Q.9
Which of the following would decrease the amount of H₃O⁺¹ ions in a solution?
A. increasing the concentration of the base in the solution
B. decreasing the strength of the base in the solution
C. increasing the strength of the acid in the solution
D. increasing the concentration of the acid in the solution
Q.10
Which of the following would lower the pH a solution?
A. increasing the concentration of the base in the solution
B. increasing the strength of the base in the solution
C. decreasing the strength of the acid in the solution
D. increasing the concentration of the acid in the solution