2-methyl-2-pentene Spell out the full name of the compound.

The temperature in the chromosphere varies between about 4000 K at the bottom (the so-called temperature minimum) and 8000 K at the top (6700 and 14,000 degrees F, 3700 and 7700 degrees C), so in this layer (and higher layers) it actually gets hotter if you go further away from the Sun

Answer:

-) 3-bromoprop-1-ene

-) 2-bromoprop-1-ene

-) 1-bromoprop-1-ene

-) bromocyclopropane

Explanation:

In this question, we can start with the I.D.H (hydrogen deficiency index):

[tex]I.D.H~=~\frac{(2C)+2+(N)-(H)-(X)}{2}[/tex]

In the formula we have 3 carbons, 5 hydrogens, and 1 Br, so:

[tex]I.D.H~=~\frac{(2*3)+2+(0)-(5)-(1)}{2}~=~1[/tex]

We have an I.D.H value of one. This indicates that we can have a cyclic structure or a double bond.

We can start with a linear structure with 3 carbon with a double bond in the first carbon and the Br atom also in the first carbon (1-bromoprop-1-ene). In the second structure, we can move the Br atom to the second carbon (2-bromoprop-1-ene), in the third structure we can move the Br to carbon 3 (3-bromoprop-1-ene). Finally, we can have a cyclic structure with a Br atom (bromocyclopropane).

See figure 1

I hope it helps!

Answer:

Options

Explanation:

Answer:

The chemical characteristics of carbon affect the characteristics of organic molecules due to its tetravalent nature. It has four valence electrons in which it shares with other elements in order to form an octet configuration.

Carbon atoms are also capable of forming double and triple bonds with other atoms. These properties help determine the functional group present and gives us a knowledge of the chemical features such as polarity, melting and boiling present in the compound.

Answer:

53.27 g.

Explanation:

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Density of gold = 19.3 g/mL

Volume of water = 9.27 mL

Volume of water + gold = 12.03 mL

Mass of gold =.?

Next, we shall determine the volume of the gold filling. This can be obtained as follow:

Volume of water = 9.27 mL

Volume of water + gold = 12.03 mL

Volume of gold =?

Volume of gold = (Volume of water + gold) – (Volume of water)

Volume of gold = 12.03 – 9.27

Volume of gold = 2.76 mL

Finally, we shall determine the mass of the gold filling as follow:

Density of gold = 19.3 g/mL

Volume of gold = 2.76 mL

Mass of gold =.?

Density = mass/volume

19.3 = mass of gold /2.76

Cross multiply

Mass of gold = 19.3 × 2.76

Mass of gold = 53.27 g

The, the mass of the gold filling is 53.27 g.

Answer:

What do you want to learn today?

Donate  

Start Practice

Toolbar

Learning Tools

Related Content

Notes & Highlights

Resources

Actions

Share

Add to FlexBook 2.0

Add to Library

New

Customize

New

More

Concept Details

Image Attributions

Display Settings

12.9 Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield

FlexBooks® 2.0  >  CK-12 Chemistry For High School  >  Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield

It is best to have high yields for chemical reactions

Can we save some money?

The world of pharmaceutical production is an expensive one. Many drugs have several steps in their synthesis and use costly chemicals. A great deal of research takes place to develop better ways to make drugs faster and more efficiently. Studying how much of a compound is produced in any given reaction is an important part of cost control.

Percent Yield

Chemical reactions in the real world don’t always go exactly as planned on paper. In the course of an experiment, many things will contribute to the formation of less product than would be predicted. Besides spills and other experimental errors, there are usually losses due to an incomplete reaction, undesirable side reactions, etc. Chemists need a measurement that indicates how successful a reaction has been. This measurement is called the percent yield.

To compute the percent yield, it is first necessary to determine how much of the product should be formed based on stoichiometry. This is called the theoretical yield, the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reactants. The actual yield is the amount of product that is actually formed when the reaction is carried out in the laboratory. The percent yield is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage.

Percent yield is very important in the manufacture of products. Much time and money is spent improving the percent yield for chemical production. When complex chemicals are synthesized by many different reactions, one step with a low percent yield can quickly cause a large waste of reactants and unnecessary expense.

Typically, percent yields are understandably less than 100% because of the reasons indicated earlier. However, percent yields greater than 100% are possible if the measured product of the reaction contains impurities that cause its mass to be greater than it actually would be if the product was pure. When a chemist synthesizes a desired chemical, he or she is always careful to purify the products of the reaction.

Sample Problem: Calculating the Theoretical Yield and the Percent Yield

Potassium chlorate decomposes upon slight heating in the presence of a catalyst according to the reaction below:

In a certain experiment, 40.0 g KClO3 is heated until it completely decomposes. What is the theoretical yield of oxygen gas? The experiment is performed and the oxygen gas is collected and its mass is found to be 14.9 g. What is the percent yield for the reaction?

First, we will calculate the theoretical yield based on the stoichiometry.

Step 1: List the known quantities and plan the problem.

Known

given: mass of KClO3 = 40.0 g

molar mass KClO3 = 122.55 g/mol

molar mass O2 = 32.00 g/mol

Unknown

theoretical yield O2 = ? g

Apply stoichiometry to convert from the mass of a reactant to the mass of a product:

Step 2: Solve.

The theoretical yield of O2 is 15.7 g.

Step 3: Think about your result.

The mass of oxygen gas must be less than the 40.0 g of potassium chlorate that was decomposed.

Now, we use the actual yield and the theoretical yield to calculate the percent yield.

Step 1: List the known quantities and plan the problem.

Known

Actual yield = 14.9 g

Theoretical yield = 15.7 g (from Part 12.11A)

Unknown

Percent yield = ? %

Use the percent yield equation above.

Step 2: Solve.

Step 3: Think about your result.

Since the actual yield is slightly less than the theoretical yield, the percent yield is just under 100%.

Summary

Theoretical yield is calculated based on the stoichiometry of the chemical equation.

The actual yield is experimentally determined.

The percent yield is determined by calculating the ratio of actual yield/theoretical yield.

Review

What do we need in order to calculate theoretical yield?

If I spill some of the product before I weigh it, how will that affect the actual yield?

How will spilling some of the product affect the percent yield?

I make a product and weigh it before it is dry. How will that affect the actual yield?

Add Note

Please Sign In to create your own Highlights / Notes

ABOUT

Our Mission

Meet the Team

Partners

Press

Careers

Security

Status

Success Stories

Blog

CK-12 Usage Map

Testimonials

SUPPORT

Certified Educator Program

Webinars

CK-12 Resources

Pilot Program

Help

Contact Us

By CK-12

Common Core Math

College FlexBooks®

K-12 FlexBooks®

Tools and Apps

BRAINGENIE™

Select Language​▼

v2.9.0.20200825224310|© CK-12 Foundation2020

FlexBook® Platform

Terms of Use|Privacy|Attribution Guide|Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported

Explanation:

Answer:

0.437

Explanation:

Divide the length value by 1000 to get the answer.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

A because water turns into ice

Answer:

0.1360 M C₆H₅OHCOOH and 0.1360 M C₆H₅OHCOOK,

Ka = 1.05x 10⁻³ .

Explanation:

The first mixture

0.160 M C₆H₅OHCOOH and 0.160 M C₆H₅OHCOONa,

Ka = 1.05x 10⁻³ .

The second mixture

0.0892 M H₂NCH₂COOH and 0.0892 M H₂NCH₂COOK,

Ka = 4.5 x 10⁻³ .

The third mixture

.0725 M H₂NCH₂COOH and 0.0725 M H₂NCH₂COONa,

Ka = 4.5 x 10⁻³

fourth mixture

0.1360 M C₆H₅OHCOOH and 0.1360 M C₆H₅OHCOOK,

Ka = 1.05x 10⁻³ .

In all the mixtures the ratio of acid and its salt are same and equal to one so this ratio will not determine their relative buffering capacity .

Now we know that weak acid has more buffering capacity so mixture having acid of less Ka will have more buffering capacity .

Ka is less if

Ka = 1.05 x 10⁻³ .

Dilute acids have greater buffering capacity

So ultimate answer is

0.1360 M C₆H₅OHCOOH and 0.1360 M C₆H₅OHCOOK,

Ka = 1.05x 10⁻³ .

The following that is not one of the four groups of organic compounds is a monosaccharide. The correct option is D.

Any of a vast group of chemical compounds known as organic compounds contain one or more carbon atoms that are covalently connected to atoms. Organic compounds are made up of carbon and hydrogen, and oxygen.

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and nucleotides are organic compounds.  Due to their presence of both carbon and hydrogen, these substances are referred to as organic.

Monosaccharides are the single unit of carbohydrates. They join to form polymers of carbohydrates. They are glucose, fructose, etc. It is a single unit of carbohydrates. It is not one of the organic compound.

Thus, the correct option is D) monosaccharides.

To learn more about organic compounds, refer to the below link:

https://brainly.com/question/5994723

#SPJ2

The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:

A) carbohydrates D) monosaccharides B) lipids E) proteins C) nucleic acids

Answer:

a

Explanation:

Answer:

For one atom of lithium -6 I will need_16.85____ atom of lithium -7 for an average atomic mass of 6.944 .

Explanation:

1 ) Let required atom be m .

[tex]\frac{6\times 1 + 7\times m}{1 + m} = 6.944[/tex]

6 + 7m = 6.944 + 6.944m

7 m - 6.944 m = .944

.056 m = .944

m = 16.85

Here, we are required to find how many atoms of lithium -7 is to combine with 1 atom of lithium -6 for an average atomic mass of 6.944.

For one atom of lithium -6 I will need 16.86 atoms of lithium -7 for an average atomic mass of 6.944.

Let the total number of lithium -6 and lithium -7 required be; x.

Therefore, the number of lithium -7 required is;

(x-1)

Therefore;

{(1/x) × 6 + ((x-1)/x)× 7} = 6.944

Therefore, (6 + 7x - 7)/x = 6.944

And, 7x -1 = 6.944x

0.056x = 1

And, x = 1÷0.056 = 17.86 atoms.

Therefore, the number of lithium -7 atoms needed is;

x - 1 = 17.86 - 1 = 16.85 atoms of lithium -7.

Read more:

https://brainly.com/question/17453319

Answer:

C&D all living things are composed of cells

The basic unit of life is a cell

Answer:

2NH3(g) ----> N2(g) +3H2(g) ΔH= +92.4 kJ

Explanation:

Entropy increases with increase in the number of particles from left to right in a reaction. Hence, the reaction; 2NH3(g) ----> N2(g) +3H2(g) ΔH= +92.4 kJ is favoured by increase in entropy.

Similarly, the enthalpy change for the reaction is only +92.4 KJ. Hence for this reaction, both enthalpy and entropy changes drive the reaction in the same direction.

Answer:

d ≈ 0.098 g/mL

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by dividing the mass by the volume.

d=m/v

The mass of the substance is 0.221 grams and the volume is 2.25 milliliters.

m= 0.221 g

v= 2.25 mL

Substitute the values into the formula.

d= 0.221 g / 2.25 mL

Divide

d= 0.098222222 g/mL

Let’s round to the nearest thousandth. The 2 in the ten thousandths tells us to keep the 8 in the thousandth place.

d ≈ 0.098 g/mL

The density of the substance is about 0.098 grams per milliliter.

Answer:

Explanation:5.70

Answer:

Explanation:

Simple organic molecules having only carbon and hydrogen are alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.

Ways of making these molecules are referred to as synthesis

Synthesis of

(1) alkanes can be achieved by halogenation of an alkene or alkyne as shown in the reaction below

C₂H₄ + H₂ ⇒ C₂H₆

The reaction above shows an alkene (ethene) undergoing halogenation to form an alkane (ethane). This reaction occurs in the presence of a platinum or nickel catalyst

C₂H₂ + 2H₂  ⇒ C₂H₆

The reaction above shows an alkyne (ethyne) undergoing halogenation to form an alkane (ethane). This reaction also occurs in the presence of a nickel or platinum catalyst

(2) Alkanes can be achieved by Wurtz reaction; treating alkyl halides with sodium metal as shown below

CH₃CH₂Br + 2Na + BrCH₂CH₃ ⇒ CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃ + 2NaBr

This reaction proceed in the presence of a dry ether.

(3) alkanes from Kolbe's electrolytic method; this involves the synthesis of alkanes through the electrolysis of sodium or potassium salt of a carboxylic acid

2CH₃COO⁻Na⁺ + 2H₂O  ⇒ CH₃CH₃ + 2CO₂ + H₂ + 2NaOH

(4) alkenes from dehydration of alcohol, as shown in the reaction below

C₂H₅OH ⇒ C₂H₄    (-H₂O)

The reaction above proceeds by heating the alcohol (ethanol) at high temperature in the presence of strong acid such as sulphuric acid.

Answer:

If I lived in Flint, Michigan, it would be important for me to understand chemistry because of the high contamination levels of water in the city, in order to know how to help to solve this issue and to avoid any potential harm to my health.

There is an ongoing drinking water issue since 2014 in Flint, Michigan. In April 2014, the Flint authorities changed the source of water from the Detroit Water and Sewage Department, which takes it from Lake Huron and the Detroit River, to the Flint River for cost-effective reasons. This led to a series of water quality problems culminating in the presence of lead, creating a serious threat to public health.

Answer:

E) None of these

Explanation:

For this question, we must remember the definition of a chiral carbon. In the chiral carbons, we have four different groups around the carbon.

So, an achiral molecule would be a molecule that does not have chiral carbons. That is, in an achiral molecule in all carbons we have at least one repeating group.

In all the molecules, which we have in the question, we have absolute configuration. That is, we have chiral carbons. In molecule A we have two chiral carbons (R and R), in molecule b we have two chiral carbons (R and S), in molecule c we have two chiral carbons (S and S) and in molecule d we have two chiral carbons (R and S). Therefore in all molecules, we have chiral carbons.

Now, if we analyze molecules a and c, we have a plane of symmetry. If we have a plane of symmetry, even though there are chiral carbons, there will be no optical activity. That is, these molecules do not have the ability to deflect polarized light despite having chiral carbons. Therefore molecules a and c are meso compounds.

But optical activity is not related to chirality.

See figure 1 to further explanations

I hope it helps!

Answer:

the mass would not be the same because of the ashes in the jar

Explanation:

Answer: The total mass before and after burning is the same

Explanation: When the carbon and hydrogen of the hydrocarbon-containing substance (the paper) chemically combine with the oxygen, the remaining materials may appear as ash, the solid remains of a fire.

hope this helps

plz mark brainliest

Answer:

1 kiloliter = 1,000,000 milliliters

45 × 1,000,000

45 KL = 45,000,000 ML

Answer:

Mass of hydrogen in 42 gram of J = 8.4

Explanation:

Given:

Amount of compound J = 10 gram

Mass ratio[lithium (Li): Hydrogen (H)] = 8:2

Find:

Mass of hydrogen in 42 gram of J

Computation:

Mass of hydrogen in 10 gram of J = [2 / 10] 10

Mass of hydrogen in 10 gram of J = 2 gram

Mass of hydrogen in 42 gram of J = [2 / 10] 42

Mass of hydrogen in 42 gram of J = 8.4

Answer:

[tex]\huge\boxed{\sf Ice\ Added = 210\ g}[/tex]

Explanation:

Weight of glass of water before adding ice = 40 g

Weight of glass of water after adding ice = 250 g

Ice Added = 250 g - 40 g

Ice Added = 210 g

Answer:

helicona

throated carib

eulampis jugularis

Answer:

The percentages

Explanation:

Quantitative data are numbers, while qualitative data are characteristics. So I think that the numbers are your answer.

Hope that helps!

Answer:

7.18 × 10⁵ kg

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Volume of the iceberg (V): 783 m³

Density of ice (ρ): 0.917 g/cm³

Step 2: Convert "V" to cm³

We will use the relationship 1 m³ = 10⁶ cm³.

783 m³ × (10⁶ cm³/1 m³) = 7.83 × 10⁸ cm³

Step 3: Calculate the mass (m) of the iceberg

We will use the following expression.

ρ = m/V

m = ρ × V

m = 0.917 g/cm³ × 7.83 × 10⁸ cm³

m = 7.18 × 10⁸ g

Step 4: Convert "m" to kg

We will use the relationship 1 kg = 10³ g.

7.18 × 10⁸ g × (1 kg/10³ g) = 7.18 × 10⁵ kg

Answer:

O C. The atom has 7 protons and 7 electrons.

If the proton amd electron of atoms are equal it is said to be electrically nuetral

Answer:

0.0505

Explanation:

Step 1: Calculate the masses of solute and solvent

We have a 15.7% by mass nitric acid solution, that is, there are 15.7 g of nitric acid (solute) per 100 g of solution. The mass of water (solvent) is:

m(solution) = m(solute) + m(solvent)

m(solvent) = m(solution) - m(solute)

m(solvent) = 100 g - 15.7 g = 84.3 g

Step 2: Calculate the moles of nitric acid

The molar mass of nitric acid is 63.01 g/mol.

15.7 g × (1 mol/63.01 g) = 0.249 mol

Step 3: Calculate the moles of water

The molar mass of water is 18.02 g/mol.

84.3 g × (1 mol/18.02 g) = 4.68 mol

Step 4: Calculate the mole fraction of nitric acid

[tex]X(HNO_3) = \frac{nHNO_3}{nHNO_3+nH_2O} = \frac{0.249mol}{0.249mol+4.68mol} = 0.0505[/tex]

Answer:

Explanation:

For pH of a buffer solution , the equation is

pH = pKa + log [ A⁻ ] / [ HA ]

Putting the values

7 = -  log 56 x 10⁻¹⁰ +  log [ NH₃ ] / [ NH₄⁺]

7 = 10 - log 56 + log [ NH₃ ] / [ NH₄⁺]

- 3 + 1.748 =  log [ NH₃ ] / [ NH₄⁺]

log [ NH₃ ] / [ NH₄⁺] = - 1.25

[ NH₃ ] / [ NH₄⁺] = [tex]10^{-1.25}[/tex]

Required ratio = [tex]10^{-1.25}[/tex]

2 )

In the formation of NH₄⁺ , generally HCl acid is required . A little bit of excess HCl will change the pH required . So , this mixture is a poor choice for getting pH 7 for a buffer solution .

Answer:

It will produce iron(III) sulphate ,nitrogen dioxide and water

Explanation:

hope it helps you☺️

if I'm correct do mark my answer as brainliest

Answer:

18.1 mi/h

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Distance traveled (d): 100 yd

Time elapsed (t): 11.3 s

Step 2: Convert "d" to miles

We will use the relationship 1 mi = 1,760 yd.

100 yd × (1 mi/1,760 yd) = 0.0568 mi

Step 3: Convert "t" to hours

We will use the relationship 1 h = 3,600 s.

11.3 s × (1 h/3,600 s) = 3.14 × 10⁻³ h

Step 4: Calculate the average speed (s)

We will use the following expression.

s = d / t

s = 0.0568 mi / 3.14 × 10⁻³ h

s = 18.1 mi/h