Answer:
the answer is D.
How much water has to be evaporated from 250ml of 1M Ca(OH)2 to make it 3M
[tex]\frac{1}{6}L[/tex] or 166.667 ml of water must be evaporated in order to make this solution 3M.
Explanation:1. Analyse the information.When the problem states "250ml of 1M Ca(OH)₂", it means that you have 250ml of a solution that contains 1 mole of solute (Ca(OH)₂) for each liter of the solution.
In order to make a 1M solution be a 3M solution, we'll have to remove some of the solvent liquid, in order to make it more concentrated.
2. Express the molarity.The original molarity is: M= Moles of solute (n) / Liters of solution (v).
3. Find the molarity.Since the problem states that the original molarity is 1M, we have 1 mole of solute per liter of solution in the original solution. Therefore, initial molarity is: [tex]M=\frac{1mol}{1liters}=\frac{0.250mol}{0.250L}[/tex]
250ml= 0.250 L.
4. Convert the molarity to 3M.
As you may see, in order to make the molarity fraction equal 3M, we'll have to multiply the numerator by 3 or divide the denominator by the same number:
[tex]M=\frac{0.250mol}{0.250L/3}=\frac{0.250mol}{\frac{1}{12} L}[/tex]
5. Calculate the amount of solution evaporated.The amount of solution evaporated is given by the difference between the denominator of the molarity of the original expression and the new expression:
[tex](0.250-\frac{1}{12})\\ \\(\frac{3}{12}-\frac{1}{12})L\\ \\\frac{2}{12} L\\ \\\frac{1}{6} L[/tex]
6. Conclude.[tex]\frac{1}{6}L[/tex] or 166.667 ml of water must be evaporated in order to make this solution 3M. The ending product will have the following molarity:
[tex]M=\frac{0.250moles}{\frac{1}{12} L} =3M[/tex].
Sam pipettes out 10 mL of 1.5 M AgNO3 solution and dilutes it to make the total volume of 30 mL. What is the concentration of the new solution?
The new concentration (molarity) of the solution is 0.5M.
According to this question, Sam pipettes dilutes 10ml of a 1.5 M AgNO3 solution with water until the final volume is 30 ml.
Formula =
C1V1 = C2V2
Where;
C1 = initial molarityC2 = final molarityV1 = in initial volumeV2 = final volume1.5 × 10 = 30 × C2
15 = 30C2
C2 = 15/30 = 0.5M
Therefore, the new molarity of the solution is 0.5M.
What is concentration in chemistry?
A measure of the concentration of a chemical variants, in peculiar of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of object per unit volume of solution is called concentration. Its also called molarity, amount concentration or substance concentration.
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what is the importance of knowing chemical reactions to engineers?
The importance of knowing chemical reactions to engineers is this information can be utilized to improve reactor design or operating circumstances such as feed flow rate and feed mix.
What are chemical reactions?Breaking carbon-carbon bonds between the reactant molecules (particles) and creating new bonds between atoms in product particles are examples of chemical reactions (molecules). The number of atoms is the same before and after the chemical transition, but the number of molecules changes.
Therefore, chemical reactions are important to engineers because they can be used to improve reactor design or operating conditions such as feed flow rate and feed mix.
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Identify the reactants and products at each electrode in the overall reaction for this voltaic cell. Chemical Species (4 items) (Drag and drop into the appropriate area below) H2(g) Mg?'(aq) Mg(s) H(aq) Reactants and Products Product Reactant
The state symbols for the reactants, products, and addition are as follows: Mg(s) + H2SO4 (aq) MgSO4 (aq) + H2 (g), where the sole reactants are H+(aq) and Fe (s). H2 is the offered product (g).
What are H2 O2's reactant and product?Energy is released and the molecules of hydrogen and oxygen can join to generate either water or hydrogen peroxide when the molecules of H2 and O2 are mixed and allowed to react.
What substances are the reactants and products in this reaction?The substance or substances to the left of the arrow in a chemical equation are the reactants. Reactants are substances that are present at the beginning of a chemical reaction. The substance or substances to the right of the arrow are products.
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What is the percentage yield of a reaction if the actual yield is 15 g and the theoretical yield is 22 g?
Considering the definition of percent yield, the percentage yield of the reaction is 68.18%.
Percent yieldTo determine the efficiency of a reaction, the percent yield is used, which describes the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield.
The percent yield is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:
percent yield= (actual yield÷ theoretical yield)× 100%
where:
In a chemical reaction it can happen that the reactants do not react completely or that their interaction generates other products. These factors decrease the yield of the reaction, leading to the actual yield.The theoretical yield is the amount of product acquired through the complete conversion of all reagents in the final product.Percent yield in this caseIn this case, you know:
actual yield= 15 gtheoretical yield= 22 gReplacing in the definition of percent yield:
percent yield= (15 g÷ 22 g)× 100%
Solving:
percent yield= 68.18%
Finally, the percentage yield is 68.18%.
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This is the question that I have
The number of moles of gas in the given sample is equal to 3.324 mol.
What is the ideal gas equation?The ideal gas law can be demonstrated as an equation representing the behavior of a perfect gas. The product of the volume and pressure (P) is equal to the multiplication of the gas constant (R), moles of gas, and absolute temperature.
The ideal gas equation for a gas can be written as shown below:
PV = nRT
Where n is the moles, P is the pressure, V is the volume of the gas, T is temperature and R is the gas constant.
Given, the volume of gas, V = 76.87 L
The temperature of the gas, T = 40.04°C = 40.04 + 273 = 313.04 K
The pressure of the gas, P = 1.11 atm
Substituting the values T, V, R, and P in the gas equation, we will get:
The number of moles of the given gas sample, n = PV/RT
n = 1.11 ×76.87/(0.082 × 313.04)
n =3.324 mol
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which of the following is not an important technique or concept for experiment 6?a.using the rydberg equation; b.using a spectroscope; c.performing a flame test; d.calculating the atomic mass of an element; e.making a calibration graph
The important technique not for experiment is performing a flame test.
One of the most frequently employed analytical techniques in chemistry is the flame test. It is primarily used to observe and examine the presence of specific elements in the given compound or salt.
The flame test typically looks for the presence of metal ions in a compound.
Every element has a different flame test because each element's ions have unique characteristics depending on their emission spectrum.
This distinction can be seen in the color of the flames that are produced when burning salt that contains metal ions.
It should be noted that atoms, not ions, are present in the emission spectrum of each element that determines the flame color in this case.
The visible color lines that are seen in flame tests are frequently the result of the electrons in the ions undergoing a transformation.
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Classify each phase change as exothermic, endothermic, or neither exothermic or endothermic. Exothermic Endothermic Neither Answer Bank melting freezing vaporization sublimation deposition condensation Phase changes are transitions between solid, liquid, and gas phases. For example, ice melting is an example of a phase change from a solid (ice) to a liquid (water). Phase changes involve changes in energy. Which of the statements regarding phase changes are true? ✓ Melting is the conversion of a solid to a liquid. O Condensation is the conversion of a liquid to a solid. O Sublimation is the conversion of a solid to a gas. O Deposition is the conversion of a solid to a gas.
Melting, sublimation, and vaporizations are endothermic. Freezing, deposition, and condensation are exothermic.
What are endothermic and exothermic reactions?
Chemical processes referred to as endothermic reactions occur when the reactants take in heat energy from their environment to create products. These reactions produce a cooling effect by bringing the temperature of the space around them down. When a chemical connection is broken, energy is frequently released in the process. Similar to how physical bonds are formed, chemical bonds too require energy. There are numerous ways that energy can be provided or discharged (such as heat, light, and electricity). Endothermic reactions typically result in the creation of chemical bonds while absorbing heat from the environment.An exothermic reaction is one in which energy is given off as heat or light. The change in enthalpy (H) in an exothermic reaction will be negative. The net energy needed to start an exothermic reaction is therefore less than the net energy produced by the process, which makes sense. The net amount of heat energy that passes through a calorimeter, a device used to quantify the heat emitted by a chemical reaction, equals the opposite of the system's total energy change.Hence, all about exothermic and endothermic process.
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Predict if a reaction will occur when Cu and HBr are combined. If a reaction occurs, write a net ionic equation for the reaction.
(Use the lowest possible coefficients. Be sure to specify states such as (aq) or (s). If a box is not needed, leave it blank. If no reaction occurs leave all boxes blank and click on "Submit".)
A net ionic equation for the reaction is :
Cu(s) + 2H⁺(aq) ----> Cu²⁺(aq) + H₂(g)
The reaction of Cu with HBr is given as :
Cu(s) + HBr(aq) ---> CuBr₂(aq) + H₂(g)
to balance the equation multiple 2 in HBr , we get the balance equation :
Cu(s) + 2HBr(aq) ---> CuBr₂(aq) + H₂(g)
write the complete ionic equation :
Cu(s) + 2H⁺(aq) + 2Br⁻(aq) -----> Cu²⁺(aq) + 2Br⁻(aq) + H₂(g)
now, cancel out the spectator ion from the equation, spectator ions are the same ion in the reactants and product side, we get :
Cu(s) + 2H⁺(aq) ----> Cu²⁺(aq) + H₂(g)
Thus, this is the net ionic equation of the reaction.
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A carbohydrate with two sugar units would be a(n) __________. A. Polysaccharide
B. Monosaccharide
C. Carbosaccharide
D. Oligosaccharide
A carbohydrate with two sugar units would be a(n) oligosaccharide. Correct answer: letter D.
This is because an oligosaccharide is a carbohydrate that contains two to ten sugar molecules, making it a carbohydrate with two sugar units.
What are carbohydrates?Are a type of organic compound found in living things. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of C:H:O = 1:2:1. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body and are found in many foods, such as:
GrainsFruitsVegetablesDairy productsThey can be further divided into simple carbohydrates, such as sugar, and complex carbohydrates, such as starch.
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M/J 09/P1/Q1
In leaded petrol there is
an additive composed of lead, carbon and hydrogen only. This compound contains
29.7% carbon and 6.19% hydrogen by mass.
What is the value of x in the empirical formula PbC₂Hx?
A 5
B 6
C 16
D 20
Answer: hahahaha okay this is the explanation:
Explanation:
To find the value of x in the empirical formula PbC₂Hx, we can use the percentage compositions of carbon and hydrogen to determine the mole ratios of C and H in the compound.
First, we need to convert the percentage compositions of C and H to mass compositions. To do this, we can divide the percentage compositions by the atomic masses of C and H:
C: 29.7% / 12.01 g/mol = 2.47 g C/mol C
H: 6.19% / 1.01 g/mol = 6.11 g H/mol H
Next, we can divide the mass compositions of C and H by their respective atomic masses to get the number of moles of C and H:
C: 2.47 g C / 12.01 g/mol = 0.206 mol C
H: 6.11 g H / 1.01 g/mol = 6.03 mol H
Since there are 2 moles of C and x moles of H in the compound, we can set up the following equation:
2 mol C / 0.206 mol C = x mol H / 6.03 mol H
Solving for x, we get:
x = 6.03 mol H * 2 mol C / 0.206 mol C
= 29.4 mol H
Since x represents the number of moles of H, the closest integer value is 29. Therefore, the value of x in the empirical formula PbC₂Hx is 29, and the correct answer is D) 20.
In the following reaction, 8.24 mol of P4 mix with 24.2 mol of O₂.
P4 (s) + 5 O2 (g) → 2 P₂O5 (s)
a. Find the limiting reagent. Explain.
b. How many moles of P2O5 (s) will be produced?
C. How many grams of P₂O5 (s) will be produced?
The limiting reagent is O₂.
What is reagent?Reagents are substances used to facilitate or accelerate chemical reactions. They can be either synthesized in the laboratory or found naturally. Reagents can also serve as catalysts, solvents, buffers, surfactants, and/or scavengers. They are essential components of most chemical processes, enabling scientists and engineers to control and manipulate reactants and products. Reagents are also used to detect, measure, and identify substances in a variety of analytical procedures.
a. The limiting reagent is O₂. This is because there is less moles of O₂ than P4, so O₂ will be used up faster and will be the first reactant to be completely used up.
b. 24.2 mol of O₂ will react with 8.24 mol of P4, producing 16.16 mol of P₂O5 (s).
c. 16.16 mol of P₂O5 (s) will produce 143.1 g of P₂O5 (s). This is calculated by using the molar mass of P₂O5 (s): 143.1 g/mol.
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The three dienes(red) associated with compound A - C do not react similarly with a dienophile. One diene has a low activation barrier and reacts rapidly; one diene has a high activation barrier and any product formed will be highly reactive; and one diene is inactive. Select the answer that lists dienes A, B, and C from most reactive toward a Diels-Alder reaction to unreactive.
A) c,b,a
B) a,b,c
C) a,c,b
D) b,a,c
During the manufacturing process to make light bulbs, an incandescent
light bulb is filled with Ar and a small amount of N₂ at about 0.80 atm of
pressure in a 20.°C facility. If the temperature inside the light bulb reaches
380°C when it is operational, what would the new pressure be inside the
light bulb?
The new pressure is 1.78 atm.
What Are The Gas Laws
The gas laws were developed in the early 17th century to help scientists determine volumes, amounts, pressures, and temperatures when it comes to gas-related issues. Three fundamental laws—Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and Avogadro's Law—make up the gas laws (all of which will later combine into the General Gas Equation and Ideal Gas Law). The relationship between pressure, temperature, volume, and amount of gas is found using the three basic gas laws.
At initial, the pressure (Pi) is 0.80 atm.
At initial, the temperature (Ti) is (20+273)K that, is 293 K
The final temperature (T2) is (380+273)K that, is 653 K
Then, at constant volume:
P1/T1 = P1/T2
0.80/293 = P2/653
P2= 1.78
Therefore, the new pressure (P2) is 1.78 atm
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A compound has a molar mass of 108.5g/mol and an empirical formula of C3H5O2Cl What is the molecular formula?
The molecular formula of the given compound will be C₃H₅O₂Cl.
What is the empirical formula?The empirical formula can be described as the simplest ratio of the number of different atoms in a compound. The molecular formula gives the actual number of each different atom of each element present in a molecule.
The molecular formula is generally a multiple of the empirical formula of a compound.
Given the molar mass of the compound is 108.5 g/mol
The empirical formula of the compound is C₃H₅O₂Cl.
The empirical formula mass = 12 × 3 + 5×1 + 2×16 + 35.5 = 108 g
Therefore, n = 108/108 = 1
The molecular formula = (C₃H₅O₂Cl)₁ = C₃H₅O₂Cl
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photosynthesis can be divided into the light dependent reaction and the light independent reaction. determine which of the following key terms would be associated with each reaction.
The light -dependent stage of photosynthesis contain the absorption of light via pigments consisting chlorophyll and the switch of electrons from water to generate ATP and NADPH. These reactions arise in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts and also are referred to as the Hill response or the electron transport chain. Key phrases related to the light dependent stage are:
Chlorophyll: a pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants that absorbs light energy and converts it into chemical energy.Thylakoid: a flattened, stack-like membrane found in the chloroplasts of a plant life where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis arise.ATP: adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that stores and releases energy in cellsNADPH: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a molecule that carries electrons and hydrogen ions and is involved in the synthesis of glucose and different natural compoundsElectron transport chain: a sequence of reactions where electrons are transferred from one molecule to another, producing energy which is used to supply ATPThe light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, additionally referred to as the Calvin cycle or the carbon fixation cycle, contain the conversion of carbon dioxide into glucose and different natural compounds by the usage of the energy saved in ATP and NADPH. These reactions arise in the stroma of the chloroplasts. Key phrases related to the mild-unbiased reactions include:
Calvin cycle: a sequence of reactions where carbon dioxide is transformed into glucose and different natural compounds by the usage of the energy saved in ATP and NADPHStroma: the fluid-filled space of the chloroplasts where the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place.Carbon fixation: the method of changing carbon dioxide into natural compoundsGlucose: a simple sugar this is a vital supply of energy for cells.Read more about photosynthesis at:
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ls the mass of anion the same as the mass of its parent atom? explain your answer.
Which formula represents a polar molecule?
C12
N2
CC14
HCI
Answer:
H-Cl reperesents polar bond.
Explanation:
Because H and Cl atoms have diffrent dipole moment so they cannot cancel out each other.
5.2 g g of LiNO3 L i N O 3 from a 45 %(m/m) % ( m / m ) LiNO3 L i N O 3 solution. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
The amount of solution (g or mL) that contains each of the following amounts of solute is 11.56 grams.
What is amount of solute?
The amount of a solute that will dissolve in a specific amount of solvent to create a saturated solution is the solute's solubility.
The amount of solution is calculated as
[tex]% of m/m=\frac{x}{y} mass[/tex][tex]% of m/m= \frac{mass}{mass}[/tex]% of m/m= mass of LiNO3/mass of solution.100
mass of solution=mass of LiNO3/[tex]% of m/m=\frac{x}{y} mass[/tex][tex]% of m/m= \frac{mass}{mass}[/tex]% of m/m.100
Therefore, mass of solution is calculated as
= 5.2 grams.100/45%
= 11.56 grams Solution LiNO3.
Hence, the amount of solution (g or mL) that contains each of the following amounts of solute is 11.56 grams.
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HELP PLS Asap Why do slimmer objects go faster than things with more structure (use scientific terminology)
There are several factors that can contribute to the speed of an object, including its mass, shape, and the surface it is moving on. In general, slimmer objects tend to go faster than objects with more structure because they offer less resistance to movement, which allows them to accelerate more quickly and reach higher speeds.
One factor that can affect the speed of an object is its mass, or the amount of matter it contains. All other things being equal, an object with a lower mass will tend to be faster than an object with a higher mass, because it has less matter to move and therefore requires less energy to accelerate.
Another factor that can affect the speed of an object is its shape, or the way it is structured. Slimmer objects tend to be more streamlined, meaning they have a shape that allows them to move through the air or water with less resistance. This can allow them to go faster than more structured objects, which may have a shape that creates more drag or resistance to movement.
Finally, the surface an object is moving on can also affect its speed. For example, an object moving on a smooth, flat surface may be able to go faster than an object moving on a rough or uneven surface, because the smooth surface offers less resistance to movement.
Overall, the speed of an object is determined by a combination of these and other factors, including the force applied to the object and the level of resistance it encounters. Slimmer objects tend to go faster than objects with more structure because they offer less resistance to movement, which allows them to accelerate more quickly and reach higher speeds.
Which of the following will result in a linear plot when the natural logarithm of the species concentration (Al) is plotted against time? A. A reaction rate that is dependent on concentration of only one of the reactants. B. A reaction rate that is dependent on concentration of all the reactants C. A reaction rate that is Independent of concentration of any of the reactants D. All of the above.
The result in a linear plot when the natural logarithm of the species concentration (Al) is plotted against time will be (A) A reaction rate is dependent on the concentration of only one reactant.
The linear plot between ln([A]) and time will follow the First-order reaction kinetics, that is as follows;
ln[A] = -kt + ln[A]0
In the above-mentioned equation;
k = rate constant
[A]0 = initial concentration of the reactant.
By the equation, it is confirmed that it is a linear plot between ln([A]) and t.
Therefore, A reaction rate is dependent on the concentration of only one reactant.
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Elisa (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) does not allow for rapid screening and quantification of the presence of ______ in a sample.
ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) does not allow for rapid screening and quantification of the presence of antigen in a sample.
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay is the immunosorbent test that is connected with enzymes. For identifying the antibody in the blood, a standard laboratory test is performed.
The body's immune system creates an antibody when it recognizes harmful substances which is also known as antigens. The most common assay for detecting or diagnosing viral infection or particularly infection with blood-borne viruses which includes HBV, HCV, HIV, and HTLV, is the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The basis of ELISA testing is interaction of antigen-antibody.
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while a carboxylic acid may contain many hydrogen atoms, the acidic hydrogen atom in any carboxylic acid is attached to a(n) ___ atom in the cooh group.
The acidic hydrogen atom in any carboxylic acid is attached to oxygen atom in the cooh group.
What is carboxylic acid?Carboxylic acids are organic compounds containing a carboxyl group, which is a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a hydroxyl group (–OH). They are found in nature in the form of fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. Carboxylic acids are often used in the production of polymers, fabrics, solvents, and surfactants. They have a wide range of applications, from pharmaceuticals to food additives. Carboxylic acids are also used in the production of chemical intermediates and as precursors to other compounds. Carboxylic acids are distinguished from other acids by the presence of a carbon atom bonded to an oxygen atom and a hydroxyl group. The acidic properties of carboxylic acids are due to the presence of the carboxyl group, which is highly polar and can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules.
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A stimulus has opened the voltage-gated sodium channel in an area of a neuron's plasma membrane. As a result, _______ rushes into the neuron and diffuses to adjacent areas; this in turn results in the ________ in the adjacent areas.
a. potassium / opening of voltage-gated potassium channels
b. sodium / opening of voltage-gated potassium channels
c. sodium / opening of voltage-gated sodium channels
d. sodium / closing of voltage-gated sodium channels
e. potassium / opening of voltage-gated sodium channels
c. sodium / opening of voltage-gated sodium channels
A stimulus has opened the voltage-gated sodium channel in an area of a neuron's plasma membrane. As a result, sodium rushes into the neuron and diffuses to adjacent areas; this in turn results in the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels in the adjacent areas. Thus, option "c" is correct.
When the potential in the membrane rises above the threshold energy, the natrium voltage-gated sodium channels will be opened. The opening of the natrium voltage-gated sodium channels will allow the movement of sodium to the cells. This happens because the concentration of sodium outside the cell is much higher than inside the cells, the sodium will flow into the cells.
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Evidence II
How did the suspects make the silver coins look gold?
The zinc coating makes the coin appear to have a new silver covering. Brass is created when a coin is heated in a Bunsen flame due to the migration of zinc into the copper's surface layer. This gives the coin a gold appearance.
The following describes how zinc and sodium hydroxide react to generate sodium zincate:
Na2[Zn(OH)4](aq) + H2 = Zn(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + 2H2O(l) (g)
A wire or direct contact between the copper and the zinc, as in this case, is required for the plating reaction to occur in an electrochemical cell.
The following electrode reactions:
Zn(s) Zn2+(aq) + 2e- at the zinc electrode, then the zinc ions complex as [Zn(OH)4].
2–(aq)
Zn(s) + 4OH- at the copper electrode: [Zn(OH)4]2-(aq) + 2e- (aq)
The zinc coating gives the coin the appearance of having a silver coating.
To determine the amount of zinc added, weigh the coins both before and after plating.
Brass is created when the coin is heated under a Bunsen flame because the zinc migrates into
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Draw the organic products formed when CH3CH2C≡C−Na+ reacts with BrCH2CH2CH2CH2OH
Strong nucleophile Sodiumbutyne reacts with 4-bromobutanol to produce a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
What is nucleophilic substitution reaction?Nucleophilic substitution reaction is defined as a series of reactions where a positively charged electrophile is attacked by an electron-rich nucleophile to remove a leaving group.
This causes the mass of the product to increase with the addition of more carbon atoms. The strong base sodiumbutyne reacts with the alcohol's hydrogen to produce an acid-base reaction. Consequently, lower mass product alkyne is formed.
Thus, strong nucleophile Sodiumbutyne reacts with 4-bromobutanol to produce a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
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for the spectrochemical series as a whole, which of the following correctly describes the factors that lead to a ligand being strong field?
the correctly describes the factor that lead to a ligand being strong field is [Co(en)3]^3+ .
Which ligand in the spectrochemical series is the strongest?Enable Complete Solution (Free)CN- is the right response.Major points.The strongest field ligand among the offered ligands is the CN- (negative) ligand, which has the highest value of.
What elements determine the ligand's degree of potency?So, we anticipate that the metal-ligand orbital overlap will be correlated with the ligand field strength.Thus, weak field ligands are anticipated for ligands that bind through highly electronegative atoms like O and halogens, whereas strong field ligands are often expected for ligands that bind through C or P.N-binding ligands have intermediate binding energies.
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2. What happens when an atom is oxidized? Give an example of a metal being oxidized
Answer:
Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state of a chemical or atoms within it.
Iron is oxidized to form the iron oxide known as rust.
EXPERIMENT 1: List the measured potential for Cell 3: Zn|Zn(NO3)2 || Pb(NO3)2|Pb. Based on your observations, do you expect given electrochemical cell to be spontaneous or nonspontaneous? Explain your answer. Pb|Pb(NO3)2||Zn|Zn(NO3)2
EXPERIMENT 1: What would happen to the measured cell potentials if 30 mL solution was used in each half-cell instead of 25 mL?
EXPERIMENT 1: Calculate the theoretical standard cell potential for the electrochemical cell that includes the reaction. Mn+Pb2+⟶Mn2++Pb The standard reduction potentials for each half reaction are given Mn2++2e−⟶Mn -1.18 V Pb2++2e−⟶Pb -0.13 V How does your calculated value compare to your measured cell potential for Cell 6?
The measured cell potential would be decreased to 0.01% if the salts are the conducting and spontaneous with a standard potential 0.59eV.
The potential difference between two half cells in an electrochemical cell is measured as the cell potential, or Ecell. The electrons ability to move from one half cell to the other is what causes the potential difference.
Due to the fact that the chemical reaction is a redox reaction, electrons can move between the electrodes. When one substance is reduced while another is oxidized, a redox reaction takes place.
As a result of losing one or more electrons during oxidation, the substance gains a positive charge. On the other hand, the substance picks up electrons during reduction and becomes negatively charged.
Cell potential = E-e
=2.18-4.19=-1.01eV
The difference between the potential for the reducing agent to become oxidized and the potential for the oxidizing agent to become reduced will determine the cell potential, which is relevant to the measurement of the cell potential.
A specific value can be assigned to the cell potential because the cell potential (Ecell) is measured in voltage (V).
Standard reduction potential =Ecell/2
=1.18/2=0.59eV
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Which pair of elements would most likely combine to form a salt?
Li and Ar
Ca and Al
Mg and Br
N and S
The pair of elements most likely to combine in order to form a salt would be Mg and Br. Option 3.
What are salts?Salts are chemical compounds formed by the combination of positive ions, usually from bases, and negative ions, usually from acids. In other words, salt cannot be formed from two positive or two negative ions.
Going by this definition:
Li and Ar are both positive ions and thus, cannot form a salt.Ca and Al are both positive ions and thus, cannot form a salt.N and S are both negative ions and cannot form a salt.On the other hand, Mg forms a positive ion, [tex]Mg^{2+[/tex], and Br forms a negative ion, [tex]Br^-[/tex]. Thus both can form a salt, unlike other options.
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