Bromobutane and 1-butanol would come in first and second, respectively.
What does chromatography serve as a tool for?Chromatography's goal is to separate different components of a mixture. Applications can be anything from a straightforward analysis of a compound's purity to a precise breakdown of its constituent parts.
What is the best chromatography?High-performance column chromatography is a distant contender to gas chromatography as the most widely used chromatography technique. This technique is used in many labs because to its effectiveness in moving samples through the apparatus with a high-pressure pump employing a liquid (or solvent) mobile phase.
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explain how to calculate an rf value and what that information can tell you about the success of your reaction. was your guaifenesin synthesis successful?
It is the ratio of the distance traveled by a compound in a mobile phase compared with the distance traveled by the front of the mobile phase itself
What is Rf Value?
Rf value is the ratio of the solute's distance travelled to the solvent's distance travelled.Rf = migration distance of substance / migration distance of solvent front
The word comes from chromatography when it was discovered that a given component will always travel the same distance in a given solvent under same conditionsIf we get 1 Rf value, it means the reaction is successful.But if we get 2 or more Rf values, then it means there is some impurity or side products or maybe some reactants are present in the final product.Learn more about chromatography at - https://brainly.com/question/16941051
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In the calvin cycle, if nadph begins to run out, what would be the first compound to accumulate?.
Answer:
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
Explanation:
in the following pair of compounds one is chiral and the other is achiral. identify each compound as chiral or achiral, as appropriate. h57196a the first compound is (select) and the second compound is (select) .
Among the given pair of compounds, compound (I) is achiral and compound (II) is chiral.
A molecule is referred to as achiral if it has a plane of symmetry or a center of symmetry. A molecule is referred to as chiral if it lacks a plane of symmetry or a center of symmetry. Compound (I) is achiral because it possesses a plane of symmetry due to the presence of both OH groups at equatorial positions, which means they are on the same side of the cyclohexane ring. In compound (II) both OH groups are on the opposing side of the cyclohexane ring, there is neither a plane of symmetry nor a center of inversion so, it is chiral.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is attached as an image.
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Carbon films are a result of gases
evaporating and what being left behind?
How many grams of nitrogen, N2, are in a 5.00-liter container when the gas is under a pressure of 2.00 atmosphères at 50.0 °C?
Grams of nitrogen, N₂, are in a 5.00-liter container when the gas is under a pressure of 2.00 atmospheres at 50.0 °C is 5.640g
Gram is the unit of mass or weight that is used especially in the centimeter gram second system of measurement
Here given data is
Volume = 5.00-liter
Pressure = 2.00
Temprature = 50.0 °C = 50.0+273 = 323K
We have to calculate grams of nitrogen = ?
So, PV =nRT
PV = m/MRT
M = Molar mass of nitrogen gas = 28 g/mol
R = gas constant 62.3637LmmHgmol⁻¹K⁻¹
Then putting this value
PV = m/MRT
2.00×5.00 = m/28 × 62.3637 × 323K
10 = m/564.01
m = 5.640g
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calculate the expected change in boiling point when 1.00 mole of nacl and 1.00 mole of c6h12o6 are each dissolved in seperate 500. g portions of water
The expected change in boiling point of a solution containing non-volatile solutes will always be higher than that of the pure solvent.
Dissolving 0.1 mol of sodium chloride or 0.1 mol of sugar in 1 L of water gives different increases in boiling point. Sugar is not an electrolyte and does not dissociate in aqueous solution. NaCl is a strong electrolyte and completely dissociates into sodium and chloride ions. Therefore, 0.1 mol of sodium chloride and 0.1 mol of sugar produce different numbers of particles. Therefore, boiling point elevation may vary.
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Which molecules are types of proteins?
A) Enzymes
B) Triglycerides
C) Dissachariads
D) DNA and RNA
Answer:
la respuesta es la a)
Explanation:
los enzimas son tipos de moléculas
A chemistry teacher mixed two clear substance together and notices a solid forming at the bottom of the beaker. Is the teacher demonstrating a physical or chemical change?
A. Chemical change because a precipitate was formed
B. Physical change because two substances were mixed together
C. Chemical change because two substances were mixed together
D. Physical change because a precipitate was formed.
Answer:A. Chemical change because a precipitate was formed.
Explanation:It is a chemical change as we notice that a solid is forming at the bottom of the beaker. Hence, it is a chemical change.
And as we know that chemical change are irreversible change and come out with new products always.
And precipitate are thea solid formed by a change in a solution, often due to a chemical reaction or change in temperature that decreases solubility of a solid.
Imagine you have a chocolate cake that weighs two pounds. If you slice the cake into ten slices, what will be the weight of all the slices put together?
If you slice the cake into ten slices, the weight of all the slices put together will be two pounds.
It is given that the weight of the cake is 2 pounds. On cutting the cake into 10 pieces, we get the 2 pounds gets divided into 10 parts. On dividing, we get, 2 pounds equal to 32 ounces. Therefore,
= 32/10
= 3.2 ounces
Therefore, each piece weighs 3.2 ounces. To determine the weight of 10 pieces of cake we need to add the weight of each piece. By doing so we get
Weight of the 10 pieces = weight of the cake
Weight of 10 pieces= 3.2 x 10 pieces of cake
Weight of 10 pieces = 32ounces
32 ounces is equal to 2 pounds which is the initial weight of the cake.
Therefore, the weight of the cake after putting all the slices together is 2 pounds.
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two gases are placed at either end of a tube at room temperature as shown; when they meet a white/yellow precipitate will form. where in the tube do you predict to see the precipitate?
The precipitate usually forms nearer to the hydrochloric acid end of the tube because hydrogen chloride diffuses more slowly than ammonia.
This is because hydrogen chloride has almost twice the molecular weight of ammonia, and the rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molecular mass of the gas.
What happens when HCl reacts with ammonia?
Ammonia gas reacts with hydrogen chloride gas to produce ammonium chloride.
It is an acidic salt. Ammonium chloride is a weak base whereas HCl is a strong acid. When a weak base reacts with a strong acid, the base is unable to fully neutralize the acid.
What is observed when ammonia is tested with concentrated HCl?
When a glass rod dipped in hydrochloric acid is brought near a jar filled with ammonia, dense yellow fumes are observed.
Thus, when ammonia and HCL meet a yellow/white precipitate is formed neared to the hydrochloric acid end of the tube.
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write structures and give systematic names for all alkynes with molecular formula c5h8. 17) name (ch3)2c(ch2ch3)c cch(ch3)2. 18) name brch2ch2c cch2ch3. 19) name the following compound:
The possible alkynes with molecular formula C5H8 is 3.
C5H8 is Isoprene. The chemical name is Pentyne. This formula can also represent a monovalent functional group derived from any hydrocarbon having the formula C5H9 by removal of a hydrogen atom. or divalent radicals derived from C5H10 minus two hydrogen atoms;
The 3 alkynes are 1-Pentyne, 2-Pentyne, 3-Methyl-1-butyne or isopentyne.
Name of (ch3)2c(ch2ch3)ccch(ch3)2 is 5-ethyle-2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne.
Name of brch2ch2c cch2ch3 is 1-bromohex-3-yne.
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How does the presence of an impurity affect the melting point range of a compound?.
The presence of impurities weakens the lattice, rendering it less stable.
What is melting point?
The temperature at which solid changes its state to liquid at atmospheric pressure is called melting point of that liquid.This is point at which both liquid and solid phase exists at equilibriumHow does impurity affect M.P of compound?
Impurities lowers melting point and increase the boiling point. This is due to reason that it stabilizes the liquid phase and make it more energetically favorable. Then it extends liquid range to lower temperatures and gaseous molecules to a higher temperatures.Depression at melting point occurs because of existence of solid state of a substance. Many of the solids, such as ice, form crystalline ions or molecular repeating lattices. This lattice is kept together by forces between molecules which create strong, stable structure. The solid has to be heated to certain temperature for destruction of this structure and melting of the solid. The presence of impurities therefore weakens the lattice, and rendering it less stable. The compound then melts at lower temperature.Learn more about depression of freezing point at https://brainly.com/question/26525184
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Use principles of molecular structure, intermolecular forces, and kinetic molecular theory to answer the following questions.
a. A complete Lewis electron-dot diagram of a molecule of ethyl methanoate is given below
i. Identify the hybridization of the valence electrons of the carbon
atom labeled Cw.
ii. Estimate the numerical value of the Hy – Cx – O bond angle in the
ethyl methanoate molecule. Explain the basis of your estimate.
In the attached Lewis electron-dot diagram of a molecule of ethyl methanoate, the hybridization of the valence electrons of the carbon atom labeled Cw is sp² hybridization.
The numerical value of the Hy-Cx-O bond angle is 109.5°
i. As we can see in the structure attached, the Cw carbon is making a double bond with oxygen. So it is an sp² hybridized carbon, the one unhybridized p orbital of Cw makes pi with the p orbital of oxygen.
ii. The numerical value of the Hy-Cx-O bond angle is 109.5°. As we can see the Cx is singly bonded with the oxygen and have sp³ hybridization, so the bond angle will be 109.5°.
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What effect would cyanide have on the electron transport chain and the production of atp.
Cyanide binds to the electron transport chain and prevents electron transfer to oxygen, preventing NADH from being converted to NAD+. This would imply that no ATP was also produced.
What is Cyanide?
Cyanide is a potentially lethal chemical that can exist in a variety of forms.
Cyanide can exist in the form of a colourless gas, such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) or cyanogen chloride (CNCl), or as a crystal, such as sodium cyanide (NaCN) or potassium cyanide (KCN).
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What is Electron?
An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be bound to or free from an atom (not bound). A bound electron is one of the three primary types of particles within an atom, the other two being protons and neutrons.
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a student weight out .250 g of an unknown diprotic acid, and uses 30ml of .1m naoh to reach the second equivalence point in titrating this acid. show how to calculate the molecular weight of this acid
If 250 g of an unknown diprotic acid, and uses 30ml of .1m naoh to reach the second equivalence point in titrating this acid, then the molecular weight of this acid is 166.67 g/ mol.
Firstly, we will calculate the total number of moles of NaOH.
As we know that,
Molarity = Moles / volume
Moles = M × volume
Given,
Molarity = 0.1 M NaOH
volume = 0.03 L
By substituting all the values, we get
0.1 × 0.03 = moles
moles = 0.003 mol
As we know that the given acid is diprotic acid which means that the second equivalent point in titrating this acid reached, two moles of NaOH is treated by one moles of acid. Due to which the relationship is given as below:
0.003 × 1 mol acid / 2 mol NaOH = 0.0015 mole
Now, we will calculate the molar mass of diprotic acid as follow:
Molar mass = g acid /mol acid
= 0.250 g/ 0.0015 mol
= 166.67 g / mol.
Thus, we concluded that 250 g of an unknown diprotic acid, and uses 30ml of .1m naoh to reach the second equivalence point in titrating this acid, then the molecular weight of this acid is 166.67 g/ mol.
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A scuba diver's tank contains 1.47 moles of O₂ and 5.53 moles of He at the end of a dive. If the pressure of the gas mixture is 12.1 atm, what is the partial pressure of
He in the tank?
O A 2.19 atm
B
2.54 atm
Oc9.56 atm
OD 15.3 atm
A scuba diver's tank contains 1.47 moles of O₂ and 5.53 moles of He at the end of a dive. If the pressure of the gas mixture is 12.1 atm, the partial pressure of He in the tank is 9.56 atm.
given that :
moles of O₂ = 1.47 mol
moles of He = 5.53 mol
Total mole = 1.47 + 5.53 = 7 mol
mole fraction of He = mole of He / total moles
= 5.53 / 7
= 0.79 mol
Total pressure of gas mixture = 12.1 atm
partial pressure of He = mole fraction of He × total pressure
= 0.79 × 12.1
= 9.56 atm
Thus, A scuba diver's tank contains 1.47 moles of O₂ and 5.53 moles of He at the end of a dive. If the pressure of the gas mixture is 12.1 atm, the partial pressure of He in the tank is 9.56 atm.
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what are two options for acetyl-coa once it has been produced?
a) Acetyl-Coa combines with oxaloacetates in the citric acid cycle
b) forming ketones
Numerous processes, including the catabolism of certain amino acids and the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, produce acetyl-CoA in mitochondria. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in the mitochondria and plastids converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA while also reducing NAD+ to give acetyl-CoA for fatty acid production. The very active acetyl-CoA synthetase found in chloroplasts, on the other hand, can convert acetate to acetyl-CoA following the consumption of ATP. Acetate may be produced from the previous hydrolysis of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA, which is produced there by the oxidation of pyruvate by the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and is a significant precursor for the synthesis of acetyl-CoA in chloroplasts and leucoplasts in many plants. As a result, fatty acids quickly absorb radioactivity when chloroplasts are given radioactively labeled acetate.
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If the pressure of a gas is tripled and the absolute temperature of the gas is quadrupled, by what factor will the volume of the gas change?.
Answer:
Four on three
Explanation:
We so therefore the volume of gas change by a factor of four on three. So the correct option is option d. That is four x 3 is the right answer.
Find the mass of 250 ml of water. The density of water is 1 g/ml. D= M= V=
The mass of 250 ml of water is 250 g.
The mass of a substance, when volume and density are given can be found by using the following formula:
mass = density × volume
Here,
density = 1 g/ml
volume = 250 ml
mass = 1 g/ml × 250 ml
= 250 g
Therefore, the mass of 250 ml of water is 250 g.
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please help first answer will Brainliest
Which of these is an example of a physical change?
O sugar dissolving in warm water
O iron rusting in the presence of moist air
O wood burning in the presence of oxygen
O baking soda reacting with acid to form a gas
Answer: iron rusting and wood burning
Explanation: both can be considered physically changes
Make a list of the similarities and differences between covalent bonds and london dispersion forces.
Difference between covlant bond and London dispersion forces:
covlant bond are intramolecular forces of attraction.but londen dispersion forces are intermolecular attraction forces .similarities Between covlant bond and London Dispersion Forces
London Dispersion Forces and covlant bond both of forces of attraction.London Dispersion Force
The London dispersion force is the weakest intermolecular force. The London dispersion force is a temporary attractive force that occurs when electrons of two adjacent atoms occupy positions that form a temporary dipole. This force is sometimes called the induced dipole induced dipole attraction. The London force is the attractive force that causes a non-polar substance to condense into a liquid and freeze into a solid when the temperature drops sufficiently.
Dispersion forces exist between all molecules, whether polar or nonpolar.
Large, heavy atoms and molecules exhibit stronger dispersion forces than smaller, lighter ones. In atoms or molecules larger than
, the valence electrons are on average farther from the nucleus than in smaller atoms or molecules. They are held less tightly and are more likely to form transient dipoles.
The ease with which electron distribution around an atom or molecule is distorted is called polarizability.
London Dispersion forces are generally
stronger between more polarizable molecules. It is weaker between molecules that are difficult to polarize.
Covalent Bonds
Covalent bonds occur when electron pairs are shared by atoms. Atoms covalently bond with other atoms to increase stability. This is achieved through the formation of perfect electron shells. By sharing their outermost (valence) electrons, atoms can fill their outer electron shells and gain stability. Non-metals readily form covalent bonds with other nonmetals to achieve stability, and can form 1-3 covalent bonds with other nonmetals depending on the number of valence electrons they possess.
Octet Rule
The octet rule requires that all atoms in a molecule have eight valence electrons to be stable by sharing, losing, or gaining electrons. In covalent bonds, atoms tend to share electrons with each other in order to follow the octet rule. This is the amount of electrons required to fill the s and p orbitals (electron configuration), so 8 electrons are required. Also called noble gas composition. All atoms want to be as stable as noble gases.
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The number of ubatomic particle in an ion i different from the number in a neutral element. Complete figure 1 to how the miing information about each ion
Components of atoms are called subatomic particles and generally include the proton, electron, and neutron.
What are subatomic particles?
Proton:
Proton and neutron make the nucleus of an atom and hence are called nucleons.
They are positively charged subatomic particlesThe number of protons in an atom is equal to number of electrons in it.It was discovered by Ernest Rutherford.Protons can be produced via removal of an electron from a hydrogen atom.Electron:
Electrons are subatomic particles that revolve around nucleus of an atom.
Ions can be formed either by loss or gain of electronsThey are negatively charged subatomic particles.An equal number of electrons and protons are found in atoms of all elements.It was discovered by J. J. ThomsonNeutron:
Neutrons are named for their neutral nature as unlike protons and electrons they dont carry any charge
The masses of two different isotopes of an element vary due to the difference in number of neutrons in their respective nuclei.It was discovered by James Chadwick in 1932.Protons and electrons are subatomic particles which are equal in a neutral atom
What are ions?
An ion is an electrically charged particle produced by either removing electrons from a neutral atom to give a positive ion or adding electrons to a neutral atom to give a negative ion. In ions the electrons may be less or more than the protons.In anions the electrons are more than the protons.In cations the electrons are less than the protons.learn more about subatomic particles at https://brainly.com/question/16847839
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what does the lewis dot structure of mg2 look like? group of answer choices zero pair of electrons one pair of electrons one pair of electrons, two lone electrons four pairs of electrons
The Lewis dot structure of Mg2+ look like zero pair of electrons
Lone pair: what are they?
The electrons in a lone pair are those who did not participate in any chemical reactions. Any molecule's single electron pair is represented by the following.
Any atom's lone pair of electrons= (Valence electrons - the number of electrons the atom shares) / 2.
Two electrons are lost from the magnesium atom, creating the magnesium ion, or Mg2+.
Mg has the electrical configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 and Mg2+ has the configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6.
In the K and L shells of Mg2+, there are only 10 electrons each. The Lewis structure of Mg2+ reveals that the magnesium ion does not contain a lone pair of electrons.
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what is the mole fraction of oxygen gas in air (see table below)? what volume of air contains 10.0g of oxygen gas at 273 k and 1.00 atm?
The volume of 0.5 mole of oxygen gas at the given condition is 11.2 dm³.
Volume of 1 mole of oxygen at STP
The volume of one mole of oxygen at standard temperature an pressure is 22.4 dm³.
Number of moles of the oxygen gas
The number of moles of the 10 g of oxygen is calculated as follows;
n= 16/32
n= 0.5 mole
The volume of 0.5 mole of oxygen gas
V = 0.5 x 22.4 dm³
V = 11.2 dm³
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Did the Simulations from this lesson provide evidence that supported the ideas you wrote on the proposed answer? This is not a simple yes or no question. Be detailed. Why did you say yes or no?
Use the CER method to receive full credit.
Answer:
q
Explanation:
Cosmic background radiation is:
O High energy radiation from black holes.
O Leftover radiation from the big bang.
O The part of the electromagnetic spectrum after ultraviolet.
O Radiation that can cause sunburns.
Cosmic background radiation is Leftover radiation from the big bang.
What is Cosmic radiation?
When primary photons and particles from outside of the solar system interact with elements of the earth's atmosphere, cosmic radiation, an ionising radiation, is created. The sun's discharge of charged particles, also known as solar flares or "sun storms," is a secondary source of cosmic radiation. The environment in which we live naturally contains ionising radiation, which can be found in the soil, structures, food we eat, and even the bones in our bodies.
Nonionizing radiation, which also includes UV light, radio waves, as well as microwaves, is the other type. Natural radiation has been present in the environment where humans, animals, as well as plants have all evolved, and, with very few exceptions, it poses little danger to human health.
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Which statement regarding free radicals is FALSE?
a. Free radicals donate electrons to unstable compounds.
b. Free radicals contain an unpaired electron.
c. Free radicals can be neutralized by antioxidants.
d. Free radicals steal electrons from phospholipids found in cell membranes.
Option-a. is false.As a free redical is unstable they steal the electrons from other compound.
A radical is said to be free radical if atom molecule or ion that has atleast one unpaired valence electrons. This radicals are highly reactive. The presence of an unpaired electron results common properties that shared by most of the radicals. Many radicals are unstable and highly reactive. They can donate an electron to other molecules or accept an electron from other molecules. Free radicals can be neutralized by antioxidants to protect the cell against the toxicity. It can nutralize free radical by giving the extra electro needed to make tge pair. or by breaking down the free radicals.Free radicals can steal electrons from phopholipids found in the cell membrane.
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Refer to the periodic table to find the correct molar mass for each element and compound.
Cl
CH4
C2H6
O2
O
S
Answer: 35.4 g/mol ; 16g/mol ; 30.07g/mol ; 32g/mol ; 16g/mol ; 32g/mol
Explanation: For CH4 : C=12g/mol ; H = 2g/mol
Hence CH4 is 16g/mol
For C2H6 : C = 12g/mol ; H = 2g/mol
Hence C2H6 is 30.07g/mol
For O2 : O = 16g/mol
Hence for O2 is 32g/mol
. by now you should realize that having an octet of electrons on a central atom is critical for a molecule to be stable. would you expect no and no2 to be stable molecules? why or why not? include lewis structures as part of your explanation. type your answer in the entry below, then use the photo icon to attach a photo of your drawn lewis structures.
No, I would not expect NO and NO2 to be stable molecules. This is because, in both the molecules, N has an incomplete octet. It has only 7 electrons in its outermost shell in both the molecules.
The primary exception to the Octet Rule is when there is a strange range of valence electrons. An instance of this will be Nitrogen (II) Oxide also called nitric oxide (NO. Nitrogen has five valence electrons whilst Oxygen has 6.
There are 3 trendy exceptions to the octet rule: Molecules, including NO, with an extraordinary range of electrons; Molecules wherein one or greater atoms own more than eight electrons, consisting of SF6; and. Molecules inclusive of BCl3, wherein one or extra atoms possess much less than 8 electrons.
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calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction for the reaction: 2SO2(g) + O2(g) --> 2SO3(g).
A). Write the needed standard enthalpy of formation equations.
B). Manipulate these equations and calculate the enthalpy of reaction.
The enthalpy of reaction can be obtained from;
ΔHf [tex]SO_{3}[/tex] - (ΔHf [tex]SO_{2}[/tex] + ΔHf [tex]O_{2}[/tex])
What is the enthalpy of formation?The enthalpy of formation has to do with heat that is evolved or absorbed when an object is formed from its constituents under standard conditions. In this case, we want to be able to obtain the enthalpies of formation of each of the substances in the reaction.
For [tex]SO_{2}[/tex]
[tex]S(s) + O_{2} (g) ------- > SO_{2} (g)[/tex]
For [tex]O_{2}[/tex]
[tex]O(g) + O(g) ----- > O_{2} (g)[/tex]
For [tex]SO_{3}[/tex]
[tex]SO_{2} (g) + \frac{1}{2} O_{2} (g) ----- > SO_{3} (g)[/tex]
Then if we now want to obtain the enthalpy of reaction, we know that we can be able to get it from;
Sum of formation enthalpy of the products - Sum of formation enthalpy of the reactants.
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