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Draw a Lewis structure for C4H4
Lewis structure for C4H4 is given below.
Lewis' structure name was given after Gilbert N. Lewis. He introduced in his article “the atom and the molecule” in 1916. Diagrams of Lewis structure shows the bonding between atoms on the molecule and also shows ion pairs of electrons if any.
A step-by-step process to draw Lewis' structure is:
Count how many valence electrons and where it is,Draw on the molecule the skeleton structure,Valence electrons are used to form bonds in the skeleton structure,Distributing the remaining valence electrons as nonbonding electrons, if any.Know more about Lewis’ structure here: https://brainly.com/question/20300458
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RM href Module01/modul Anatomy & Physiology Module 1: The Human Body & the Chemistry of Life identify the type of structure illustrated Carbon atom Nitrogen ion Sodium ion Hydrogen atom Submit ?AGE gedis Mentor Leaning Activities
The type of structure illustrated in the question is hydrogen atom.
An atom of the chemical element hydrogen is known as a hydrogen atom. The Coulomb force holds a single positively charged proton and a single negatively charged electron to the nucleus of the electrically neutral atom.
Atoms are the fundamental building units of all stuff. Protons, electrons, and neutrons are even smaller particles that make up atoms. In terms of mass, protons and neutrons, which reside in the atom's nucleus, are nearly similar. Neutrons have no charge, whereas protons have a positive charge. Electrons are far less heavy than the other particles, have a negative charge, and orbit the nucleus in shells or electron orbitals.
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Why are symbols used in chemistry?
Chemical symbols are used to quickly identify the elements and atoms in a chemical formula and to standardize the "language of science." One or two letters make up chemical symbols, which are most frequently derived from the names of the elements.
Why do symbols have a purpose in chemistry?Since they show the element's stoichiometric amount, symbols are important. They indicate the number of atoms of a specific element that are being consumed or released during a chemical process.
How many symbols are there in chemistry?The 118 chemical elements are included on this list. The element's precise mass in a chemical reaction is represented by the symbol.
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Which type of scientific statement describes a proven fact about how things function in nature?.
The type of scientific statement that describes a proven fact about how things function in nature is known as: laws.
What are the types of scientific statements?Scientific statement is the type of statement that is potentially testable and backed up by some scientific methods (or proof). There are at least three types of scientific statements, which are as follows:
Hypothesis is a testable statement regarding the relationship between two or more variables for some observed phenomenon.Theories are the thought-out explanation that brings many facts and hypotheses regarding observations of the natural world.Laws are scientific statements that describe or predict a proven fact in nature.Hence, the correct answer is law.
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“Which type of scientific statement describes a proven fact about how things function in nature?
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draw a stepwise mechanism for the following reaction
The OH group accepts the proton of sulphuric acid in the described reaction. As a result, one water molecule is removed.
Following the elimination, a secondary carbocation is formed, which undergoes a 1, 2-hydrogen shift to create a more stable tertiary carbocation. Furthermore, the alkene contributes electrons to the tertiary carbocation, resulting in the formation of a cyclic molecule.
The mechanism is shown below:
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in each reaction box (3 boxes total), place the best reagent or reactant from the list below
The correct reagent for the given question are as follows:
1) AlCl₃ - CH₃Cl
2) HNO₃ -H₂SO₄ at room temperature
3) Fuming HNO₃ -H₂SO₄ at temperature 90-100 ⁰ C.
In 1st step Benzene is being converted to Toluene .
Benzene is being converted to toluene by the method of Friedel Craft Alkylation of benzene . In this reaction AlCl₃ and CH₃Cl is used as reagent. Electrophile CH³⁺ is produced which is attached on carbon of benzene and the formation of Toluene and HCl occur.
In 2nd step Benzene is being converted to Dinitritoluene .
Dinitritoluene is being prepared from toluene by Nitration. This reaction proceeds by the mechanism of Electrophilic substitution mechanism . HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ are the reagents that are used for the proceeding of reaction at room temperature. These reagents produces NO₂⁺ ( nitronium ion ), which is an electrophile which attacks on C₂ and C₄ Carbon atoms of Toluene.
In 3rd step Benzene is being converted to 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene.
This reaction is the result of extended nitration of the toluene . Further nitration is only can be done in extreme condition . The reaction occurs in the temperature of 90- 100 ⁰ C . Due to rise in temperature there is more production of NO²⁺ ion occurs from HNO₃ - H₂SO₄ and they attack on C6 carbon atom of dinitrotoluene which forms 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene.
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1. define mixtures with examples.
2. mentions the types of mixtures, define them and give 2 examples for each (Include colloids and suspensions too).
1) Mixtures involves substances that are mixed together.
2) Colloids , suspensions and solutions are types of mixtures.
What is a mixture?We know that the term mixture can be used to describe any two substances that are not chemically combined together. In other words, the term mixture has to do with the putting together of substances that would not lead to any change in the individual properties of the substances that have been mixed together. Two common examples of mixtures are blood and air.
There are various types of mixtures that we have and these include;
Solutions: A solution is a mixture because there is no interaction that is going on chemically between the solute and the solvent.
Colloid: A colloid is a kind of mixture that is made up solutes that can still be seen with the optical eye. That is, the solutes are still large enough
Suspension: A suspension is a kind of mixture in which a solute is scattered in the solvent.
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three different flasks with the same volume and temperature each contain a different gas sample: flask 1: co at 760 torr flask 2: n2 at 250 torr flask 3: h2 at 100 torr what is true about the gas samples? (avg. ke
Flask 3 has higher mean square value.
Flask 1 (CO) – P1 = 760 torr
Flask 2 (N2) – P2 = 250 torr
Flask 3 (H2) – P3 = 100 torr
All these have same volume and temperature
• Average Kinetic Energy:
(K.E.) avg = 3/2 RT
(K.E.) avg ∝ T, here T = Temperature
And all the flask has same temperature
So, they all have same Kinetic Energy.
The root mean square speed (C.R.M.S.) is given by,
CRMS = √ (3RT/Mo) = √ (3PV/Mo), where Mo is the molar mass
From above CRMS ∝ √ (P/Mo)
So, higher molar mass gas molecule has lower crms.
CO = Mo = (Mo)c + (Mo)o = 12 + 16 = 28
N2 = Mo = 2(Mo)N = 2 * 14 = 28
H2 = Mo = 2(Mo)H = 2 * 1 = 2
(Mo): - H2 < N2 = CO
Hence CRMS for Flask 3 > Flask 2 > Flask 1.
So, FLASK 3 has highest CRMS
• Rate of effusion of gas (r) is inversely proportional to square root of density (d)
r ∝ 1 / √d
r ∝ 1 / √ Mo
therefore density (d) = Mo / 2
Mo: H2 < CO = N2
r: H2 > CO = N2
Flask 3 effuses higher than flask 1 & 2.
Thus,
Flask 3 has higher mean square value.
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Determine the bond angle for SiO2, BF3, CFCl3, H2CS, CBr4, H2CO, SC2, HB3.
the question ask is to Express your answer using three significant figures...???
thank you!
The bond angle for SiO2 is 120 degrees. The bond angle for BF3 is 120 degrees. The bond angle for CFCl3 is 120 degrees. The bond angle for H2CS is 120 degrees
Bond angle is defined as the relationship between two bonds, or the angle among two orbitals in a complex molecule or ion that contain bonding electron pairs. It is determined by calculating using a spectroscopic method and measured in degrees. The bond lengths in a molecule is the angle formed by three connected nuclei. Electron domains have distinctive angles and structures. A central atom with two electron density regions, for example, is regarded linear with an angle of 180°. More complex structures have multiple angles. Valence bond model says a bent geometry for the molecule of water with a bond angle of 90° because the 2 2p orbitals are at right angles to each other.
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What is the percent composition of a compound formed when 6.85 g of magnesium combines with 20.0 g of chlorine to form magnesium chloride?
Answer:
Mass of Magnesium Chloride = 26.85 grams
Percentage of Magnesium= 25.5 %
Percentage of Chlorine =74.5 %
Explanation:
Mass of Magnesium Chloride= Mass of magnesium + Mass of Chlorine 6.85 grams + 20.0 grams = 26.85 grams
Percentage of Magnesium = 6.85 grams/26.85 grams x 100% = 25.5%
Hence, Magnesium = 25.5 %
Percentage of Chlorine = (20.0 grams/26.85 grams) x 100 % = 74.5%
Hence, Chlorine = 74.5 %
So, the compound is 25.5 % magnesium and 74.5 % Chlorine by mass.
Choose from the conversion factors given to complete the following diagram of amount-mass-number relationships for a compound molar mass (g/mol) of substance MASS (9) of substance Avogadro's number (entities/mole) MASS (9) of one element in substance molar mass (g/mol) of substance molar ratio from balanced equation density (g/mL) of substance molar mass (g/mol) of substance AMOUNT (mol) of one element in substance AMOUNT (mol) of substance atomic mass (g/mol) of element Avogadro's number (entities/mole) chemical formula of substance Avogadro's number (entities/mole) ATOMS of one element in substance ENTITIES of substance molar ratio from balanced equation Reset
The conversion factors given to complete the diagram of amount-mass-number relationships for a compound are
MASS (g) of substance ⇒ molar mass (g/mol) substance ⇒ AMOUNT (mol) of substance ⇒ Avogadro's number (entities/mole) ⇒ ENTITIES of substance
MASS (g) of one element in substance ⇒ molar mass (g/mol) subtance ⇒ AMOUNT (mol) of one element in substance ⇒ Avogadro's number (entities/mole) ⇒ ATOMS of one element in substance
AMOUNT (mol) of substance ⇒ molar ratio from balanced equation ⇒ AMOUNT (mol) of one element in substance
What is a conversion factor in chemistry?А conversion fаctor is а number used to chаnge one set of units to аnother, by multiplying or dividing. When а conversion is necessаry, the аppropriаte conversion fаctor to аn equаl vаlue must be used. For exаmple, to convert inches to feet, the аppropriаte conversion vаlue is 12 inches equаl 1 foot. To convert minutes to hours, the аppropriаte conversion vаlue is 60 minutes equаl 1 hour.
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For some reason my bff think's people also use this website for dating is that true?
For some reason my bff think's people also use this website for dating that is true.
What is mean by dating ?to spend time with someone you are in a love connection with on a frequent basis: Before getting married, they were together for five years.A stage of romantic relationships known as dating involves two people participating in an activity together with the goal of determining if they would make a good companion for an intimate relationship down the road.Dating: The 3 Types
Service Dating Duty Dating is practicing your dating techniques; it is not dependent on chemistry.actual dating Real dating occurs when two people are attracted to one other and go on dates, whereas courting occurs when both people are actively seeking a partner.Courtship.To learn more about dating refer to:
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Which element has four times as many protons in its nucleus than are found in neon.
Answer:
beryllium atom
Explanation:
An atom with two protons is always a helium atom. If scientists count four protons in an atom, they know it's a beryllium atom.
9. Which group in the periodic table would you expect to lose an outer electron most easily?
Alkaline earth metals
Halogens
Noble gases
Alkali metals
Answer:
alkali metals
Explanation:
alkali metals have only 1 electron in their outer shell so it is easier to lose it
what volume of 0.01 m potassium permanganate solution would be required to completely react with 0.50 g of hydrogen peroxide solution
Volume required to completely react the 0.01 m potassium permanganate with 0.50 g of hydrogen peroxide solution was 2.94 mL
The volume required can be calculate as follows
first we should write the balance reaction
H₂O₂ + 2KMnO₄→ 2MnO₂ + 2KOH + 2O₂
then we should calculate the moles of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)
moles = mass/ molar mass
moles = 0.50 g / 34 g/ mole
moles= 0.0147 moles
we can use unitary method to calculate the moles of potassium permanganate
moles potassium permanganate = (2/1) x moles H₂O₂ = 2/1 x 0.0147 = 0.0294 moles
as we know the moles we can calculate the volume required
V= n/ M
V = 0.0294 moles/ 0.01 = 2.94 mL
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if the solvent traveled 6.29 cm and the spot traveled 3.15 cm, what is the retention factor for this spot?
Rf = Distance travelled by the substance from reference line (cm)/Distance travelled by the solvent front from reference line (cm) , the retention factor for this spot is 6.29/3.15 =1.9968.
How do I determine the HPLC retention factor?The distribution constant is multiplied by the column's volume for stationary phase to determine the retention factor, which is then divided by the column's volume of mobile phase.
What does RF stand for?A ratio of the compound's travel distance to the solvent's travel distance is known as the Rf value.An Value of r will be low is if solvent only travels a modest distance.
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Classify the steps of the mechanism 'as endothermic or exothermic.
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Which Of The Following Is The Best Michael Acceptor?
Answer:
I don't know because there is no option !!
A given enzyme works on
a. inhibitors.
b. one type of substrate.
c. one of two possible substrates.
d. no substrate.
e. any number of different substrates.
Reason: Enzymes have specific binding to one specific substrate. For example, the enzyme sucrase only binds to the substrate sucrose.
According to the research, the correct answer is Option b. A given enzyme works on one type of substrate.
What is an enzyme?It is a macromolecular substance, natural or synthetic, composed mainly of protein, which catalyzes one or more biochemical reactions in a more or less specific way.
In this sense, they act on one type of substrate, modifying its chemical properties through reactions with their own layer of amino acids, allowing the development of various cellular processes.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, enzymes are characterized by helping to speed up the process of a non-catalyzed reaction and works on one type of substrate.
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At the start of the coal combustion experiment, the combined mass of the coal and
oxygen reactants was 100 grams. At the end of the coal combustion experiment, the
mass of the sample was 100 grams. Why does the scale showing the mass at the end
of the reaction give a mass of 100 grams, when there is only a small amount of solid
particles remaining on the scale?
OA. Additional oxygen was created during the combustion reaction
B. Additional coal was created during the combustion reaction.
OC. The mass of the coal particles remaining at the end of the experiment was
100 grams.
The mass of the carbon dioxide gas and other byproducts at the end of the
experiment was 100 grams.
A. Additional oxygen was created
B. Additional coal was created
C. The mass of the coal particles remaining at the end of the experiment was 100 grams
D. The mass of the carbon dioxide gas and other byproducts at the end of the experiment was 100 grams
The system was closed in which combustion experiment conducted. Thus, option D is correct.
What is meant by closed system?A closed system is a system in which there is only transfer of energy is takes place this type of system is known as closed system.
Example - Transfer of heat from a cup of tea.
Mainly there are three type of system.
1:- Open System
2:- Closed System
3:- Isolated System
Open system:-
A system in which there is transfer of both energy and mass these types of system is called as open system.
Example:- Flow of water in a canals
Closed System:-
A system in which there is only transfer of energy is takes place this type of system is known as closed system.
Example - Transfer of heat from a cup of tea.
Isolated system:-
A system in which there is no transfer of energy and mass these type of system is called as isolated system.
Example - A thermo flask
Therefore, the system was closed in which combustion experiment conducted. Thus, option D is correct.
The complete question is : At the start of the coal combustion experiment, the mass was 100 grams. At the end of the coal combustion experiment, the mass was 100 grams. During the combustion experiment, heat was transferred from the reaction vessel to the area surrounding the reaction vessel. What type of system was this combustion experiment conducted in?
A. isolated
B. insulated
C. open
D. closed
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-Which of the following statements is true regarding the periodic table? If False, justify.
a. The horizontal rows in the periodic table are known as groups
b. The vertical columns in the periodic table are known as periods
c. In the periodic table, when the atomic number increases, the properties of the elements repeat regularly
d. The periodic table is classified into blocks based on the electron filling pattern into shells
In the periodic table, when the atomic number increases, the properties of the elements repeat regularly is the true statement.
The periodic table is a table that groups all chemical elements into groups based on their unique atomic numbers. Periods and groups, respectively, are the terms used to describe the periodic table's horizontal rows and vertical columns. The present periodic chart's inventor, Henry Moseley, claimed that "the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers." The elements' properties are characterized by periodic patterns along groups and throughout eras, as seen by the present periodic table. The elements in the periodic table are separated into four groups, or blocks. They are components of the blocks s, p, d, and f. The categorization is based on the naming of the orbitals that take the last electron.
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What reaction does a vitamin KH2-dependent enzyme catalyze? View Available Hint(s)
O It decarboxylates the y-carbon of a glutamate side chain.
O It carboxylates the y-carbon of an aspartate side chain.
O It carboxylates the ycarbon of a glutamate side chain.
O It carboxylates the ycarbon of a glutamine side chain.
O It carboxylates the P-carbon of a glutamate side chain.
Submit PartQ CoASH is used to activate carboxylic acids. What type of compound is formed between CoASH and a carboxylic acid? View Available Hint(s)
O anhydride
O thioether
O amide
O thioester
O mixed anhydride with phosphate
Submit ▼ Part H What role does ATP play in biotin-dependent enzymes?
O It puts a good leaving group on bicarbonate.
O It provides a strong base.
O It provides a strong nucleophile.
O It delocalizes electrons It reduces bicarbonate.
Submit Request Answer Part F TPP is the coenzyme required by pyruvate decarboxylase. What product is formed in that reaction? View Avallable Hint(s)
O acetaldehyde
O butanal
O formaldehyde
O acetone
O propanal
Submit
The glutamate side chain's gamma carbon is carboxylated by Q1, a vitamin KH2 dependent enzyme, and Q2. A thioester is created when carboxylic acid and coASH interact.
Thioesters are organosulfur compounds having the functional group RSC(=O)R'. By virtue of the thio- prefix, they are implied to be comparable to carboxylate esters (ROC(=O)R'), with the sulphur in the thioester acting as the linking oxygen in the carboxylate ester. Thioesters play a crucial role in metabolism. A notable illustration of this is the metabolism of fatty acids. The main metabolite, acetyl coa, is an ester that is predominantly generated when pyruvate undergoes oxidative decarboxylation or when B acids are broken down.
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What is an enzyme describe the steps of catalysis cycle of an enzyme action?
There are a lot of different enzyme that catalyzes different reactions. The steps of catalysis cycle of an enzyme action are
Substrate binds to the active site of the enzymebinding alter the Shape of enzymeformation of substrate complex repeation of reaction.An enzyme is act as a biological catalyst. It is a biochemical substance that aids in accelerating and improving the efficiency of bodily reactions. Our body's ability to function depends on enzymes.
The following steps can be used to describe an enzyme's catalytic cycle:
1. Firstly, the substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme, fitting into the active site for binding.
2. The binding of the substrate with the enzyme must be changes its shape, fitting more tightly around the substrate.
3. The newly formed enzyme-product complex is created when the active site of the enzyme, which is now near the substrate, breaks the chemical bonds of the substrate.
4. As soon as the enzyme releases the reaction's byproducts, it is free and prepared to bind to a fresh substrate molecule and repeat the catalytic cycle.
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In an ionic or covalent substance, electrons are shared or transferred between no more than two atoms at a time. however, in a metallic substance, electrons are shared among all of the metal atoms in the sample. how does this explain why metals are more malleable and ductile than ionic and covalent compounds?
Metals are more malleable and ductile than ionic and covalent substances because the electrons in them are shared among all of the metal atoms in the sample as a "sea of electrons" that surrounds the metal ions.
It is assumed that this electron sea around the metal atoms is the main reason of the great conductivity, malleability, and ductility that make metals unique.
The electron sea in a metallic body allows metal ions to readily travel past one another and twist the metal without breaking it. However, because of the strong chemical connections that keep ionic and covalent molecules together, it is more difficult to change them without rupturing the bonds. Ionic and covalent compounds are therefore less malleable and ductile than metals.
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Classify each of the objects as chiral or achiral. Chiral Achiral left ear right foot nail baseball bat wooden spoon glove snail shell Answer Bank
Left ear, right foot, glove, and nail shell are examples of chiral objects; while nail, baseball bat, and wooden spoon are examples of achiral objects.
What are Chiral Objects?Chiral objects are not identical in all respects (that is superimposable) with their mirror image. Chiral objects have a 'handedness', for instance, ears, golf clubs, scissors, feet, hands, gloves, shoes, nail shells, and a corkscrew.
What are Achiral Objects?On the other hand, achiral objects are identical with (superimposable on) their mirror image. Achiral objects do not possess a handedness, for instance, a baseball bat (no writing or logos on it), a wooden spoon, a plain round ball, a pencil, a T-shirt, and a nail.
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A sample of calcium carbonate is cooled. Which change happens to the molecules of calcium carbonate in the sample?.
The change that happens to a sample of calcium carbonate as it cooled is: C. The forces strengthen, and the molecule structure becomes more rigid.
What happens to molecule forces when a compound cooled down?When a compound cooled down, the speed of the molecules decreases. It causes the reduction of the kinetic energy and allows the attraction between molecules to bring them closer to each other. As this process happens, the forces strengthen and cause the molecule structure to become more rigid. Hence, the correct answer is C.
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“A sample of calcium carbonate is cooled. Which change happens to the molecules of calcium carbonate in the sample?
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Answer: Answer is C
Explanation:
An atom's electron configuration ends with 3p2. If another atom has eight more electrons, what would be the continuation of the electron configuration?
Answer:
3p6 3d4
Explanation:
3d will come after 3p => 3p 3d
p will hold maximum of 6 electrons while d will hold maximum of 10 electrons.
if there are 8 more electrons to 3p2, then 4 will fill 3p so it will become 3p6
then the other 4 will fill 3d to become 3d4
The chemical formula for hydrogen sulfide is H₂S. What is the mass of hydrogen in 150 g of
H₂S? (H = 1, S = 32)
The chemical formula for hydrogen sulfide is H₂S. The mass of hydrogen in 150 g of 141.2 g. Therefore, option A is correct.
What is mass ?A body's mass is an inherent quality. Prior to the discovery of the atom and particle physics, it was widely considered to be tied to the amount of matter in a physical body.
Simply put, mass is a measurement of a body's amount of matter. Matter is everything that has both volume and mass. Although mass cannot be seen, it can be measured or quantified. Not all matter is visible. Typically, mass is expressed in kilograms, etc.
Molar mass of H₂S
= 1 × 2 + 32
= 34
The mass of hydrogen in 150 g is 141.2 g.
Thus, option A is correct.
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What are the 5 characteristics of compounds?
Compounds can only be broken down chemically, have a fixed ratio of elements, and have a certain set of attributes.Compound particles are homogeneous, or identical, and solely of one kind.
What is it compounds and what qualities do they have?A compound is a substance made up of two or more distinct types or elements together in a specific proportion of their atoms.
The following four facts concerning compounds.?When elements combine to form compounds, powerful forces known as chemical bonds hold the components together.Chemical formulae for compounds are used to identify the elements from of the periodic table that make up each one.Because elements can rarely found on their pure form, compounds are relatively prevalent.
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What is sp3 orbital?
sp3 orbital is one of a set of hybrid orbitals produced when one s orbital and three p orbitals are combined mathematically to form four new equivalent orbitals oriented toward the corners of a regular tetrahedron. + + + merge to form.
What is sp3 Hybridization ?The sp3 hybrid orbital has uneven lobes and resembles a "distorted" p orbital. The four sp3 hybrids point in the direction of a tetrahedron's four corners. If you'd like, you can watch an animation illustrating the hybridization of the C orbitals.
The process of combining the characteristics of one 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals to produce four hybrid orbitals with similar properties is known as "sp3 hybridization." An atom needs three p orbitals and a s orbital in order to be sp3 hybridised.
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