What is the effect of applying an unbalanced force on an object?
Answer:
Unbalanced forces affect motion of objects by causing them to accelerate, decelerate or change direction.
4. What trend in atomic radius occurs down a group on the periodic table?
rind on the periodic table?
Answer:Atomic radius gets bigger
Explanation:
Atomic radius bigger because not only do the atoms have more and more protons and neutrons, and thus more mass in general, there is also stronger shielding affect. Shielding affect is when electrons closer to the nucleus block the positive charge from reaching electrons farther from the nucleus, and thus those far electrons are not drawn towards the nucleus as strongly, and spread out more, increasing atomic radius.
which two characteristics describe a gas?
Answer:
gases have no definite volume and shape
21.0 g of hydrogen is mixed with 7.0 g of nitrogen. What is the maximum mass of ammonia that can be produced from this reaction?
HELP
21.0 g of hydrogen is mixed with 7.0 g of nitrogen then the maximum mass of ammonia that can be produced from this reaction is 8.51gram.
What is Limiting agent?
Limiting agent is reactant in a reaction which is in smallest amount, that is totally consumed when a chemical reaction is completed
The balanced reaction is
[tex]N_{2}+3H_{2}\rightleftharpoons 2NH_{3}[/tex]
moles of nitrogen= 7.0÷28=0.25
moles of hydrogen=21.0÷2.016=10.41
To know the limiting reagent we have to divide moles by stoichiometry
0.25÷1=0.25
10.41÷3=3.47
0.25 is lesser than 3.47 so Nitrogen is limiting reagent so reaction will run according this only
1 Moles of nitrogen=2 mole of ammonia
0.25 mole of nitrogen = 2×0.25=0.5 mole of ammonia
mass of ammonia= 0.5mole×Molar mass of ammonia
= 0.5×17.031
=8.51g
Thus the mass of ammonia formed is 8.51g
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wich statement indicates that a chemical reaction has taken place
The correct answer of chemical reaction is option (C) an odor is produced by burning a sugar.
An odor is produced by burning a sugar is a statement which indicates that a chemical reaction has taken place.
A chemical reaction is a manner that leads to the chemical transformation of 1 set of chemical substances to some other. A chemical reaction is a technique in which one or extra materials, also called reactants, are converted to 1 or greater special materials, known as merchandise. substances are both chemical factors or compounds.
A chemical reaction is a system in which reactants react chemically and convert into merchandise by chemical transformation. as an example, breathing we inhale oxygen which reacts with glucose and produces carbon dioxide, water and energy.
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How does the temperature of water change if you heat it after it has already
reached the boiling point?
Answer:
It will not change, even if you still heat it.
Explanation:
9. If a solution has a pOH of 5.7 what is its pH?
question content area which is the best description of how to dry a liquid with a drying agent? add the drying agent in small batches and observe the solution between each addition. keep adding drying agent until all of the liquid has been absorbed. add a large amount of drying agent and then swirl to see what happens
The best way to dry a liquid with a drying agent is to add it in small batches and observe the solution between each addition. It is also very helpful to swirl the mixture after each batch.
The ideal drying process involves using the least amount of drying agent possible. If too much of the reagent is used, a certain amount of the liquid being dried will be lost as it is adsorbed on the surface of the drying agent. The swirling in between each batch serves to check if enough of it has been added. The drying agent clumps together when it absorbs water, so when all the water has been absorbed, it will swirl free as a powder.
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what enthalpy change would be associated with the production of 45.0 l oxygen at 0.80 atm and 300 k?
Let's count the moles of gaseous oxygen first. Using n= m/M
=n(O)= 32.00/2×15.99)mol
= n(O)= (32.00/31.98) mol
=n(O)= 1.00mol
Let's now change every relevant value in the equation PV=nRT.
=P× 20.0L= 1.00mol× 0.0821[tex]L atm mol^{-1} K^{-1}[/tex]× 303.15K
= P× 20.0= 1.00× 0.0821atm× 303.15
[tex]P=(0.0821*300/20) atm[/tex]
P= 1.24atm
Therefore, 1.24 atm is the pressure that the oxygen gas is exerting.
The ideal gas equation is what.
The macroscopic characteristics of ideal gases are related by the ideal gas law (PV = nRT). A gas is said to be ideal if its particles don't interact with one another and don't occupy any space.
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The Mass of an empty bottle
is 4 kg if the mass When
filled with Cold water
12.5 kg Find
A. Mass of empty bottle.
Water has a 1 g/cm3 density. Weight of water in grammes when a bottle is completely filled with that amount of water.
Density bottle volume:
The empty density bottle weighs M1 = 4 kg.
Bottle weight plus water equals 12.5 kg Bottle weight plus water equals 12.5 kg Mass of water filling the density container to the top equals M2 — M1 (12.5—4=8.5 kg).
However, 1 g of water has a volume of 1 cc.
∴ water volume equals 8.5 cubic centimetres, or 8.5 ml, in a density bottle.
Define density.
The ratio between a substance's mass and volume is referred to as its density.
Volume/Mass = Density
The substance's mass per unit of volume is known as its density (volumetric mass density or specific mass). Although the Latin letter D may also be used, the sign most frequently used for density is (the lower case Greek letter rho). Mass divided by volume is the definition of density in mathematics: where is the density, m is the mass, and V is the volume.
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describe the reaction of glycolysis where electrons are removed from the carbon's originally present in glucose including the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction. does the reaction generate a reduced or an oxidized electron carrier?
The reaction where electrons are removed from carbon initially present in glucose is the formation of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and Dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
Glycolysis is the process of the formation of glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvate. It is a cellular process, the molecule reduces in carbon number to form pyruvate thus electrons are removed in the fourth step of glycolysis. The reaction is:
Fructose-6-phosphate(6 carbon) →→→ Glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate(3 carbon) + Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (3 carbon)
This reaction occurs in the presence of the enzyme Fructose bisphosphate aldolase. The reaction generates a reduced electron carrier NAD⁺
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate further reverses into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, thus leading to the formation of 2 molecules of pyruvate(a 3-carbon molecule).
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44.0 g of ice at –20.0 °c is mixed with 325 g of water at 32.1 °c. calculate the final temperature of the mixture. assume that no energy in the form of heat is transferred to the environment.
Using the specific heat capacities of water and ice, and taking into account the latent heat of melting for ice, we can calculate that the final temperature of the mixture will be 17.6 °C.
The negative value of the amount of heat lost by liquid water is equal to the amount of heat absorbed by the ice. The equation for calculating the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a material looks like this:
Q = (t₂ - t₁) * c * m
t₂ - final temperature
t₁ - starting temperature (32.1 °C for water, -20.0 °C for ice)
c - specific heat capacity (4.186 J/g°C for water, 2.108 J/g°C for ice)
m - the mass of the material (325 for water, 44.0 for ice)
In addition, we have to take into account that some of the heat released by water is expended on melting the ice:
heat used for melting = m * l = 44.0 g * 334 J/g = 14696 J
l = latent heat of melting ice
This means that the heat released by water is expended on heating ice to 0°C, then melting that ice, then heating the ice water to the final temperature.
Heat expended by water:
Q = (32.1 °C - X) * 325 g * 4.186 J/g°C = 43670.445 J - 1360.45 J/°C * X
Heat absorbed by ice and ice water:
Q = 20.0 °C * 44.0 g * 2.108 J/g°C + 14696 J + X * 44.0 g * 4.186 J/g°C = 16551.04 J + 184.184 J/°C * X
These amounts of heat are equal:
43670.445 J - 1360.45 J/°C * X = 16551.04 J + 184.184 J/°C * X
27119.405 J = 1544.634 J/°C * X
X = 27119.405 J / 1544.634 J/°C = 17.6 °C
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The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is measured as blank______, whereas blank______ is the ratio of the amount of water vapor to the maximum amount of water vapor that can be held by an air mass.
The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is measured as blank humidity whereas blank relative humidity is the ratio of the amount of water vapor to the maximum amount of water vapor that can be held by an air mass.
Solar energy is absorbed and stored as latent heat, which is then transported to higher latitudes and released as the water cools and changes phase. any gas that absorbs infrared radiation (net heat energy) emitted from the Earth's surface and reradiates it back to the Earth's surface, thereby contributing to the greenhouse effect The most significant greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapour. Water vapor is the most abundant greenhouse gas on Earth. It is responsible for roughly half of the greenhouse effect, which occurs when gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat. Greenhouse gases enable us to live on our planet.
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How is this substance classified?
Arrhenius Base
Bronsted-Lowry Acid
Arrhenius Acid
Bronsted-Lowry Base
According to the Bronsted-Lowry concept, acids are proton donors and bases are proton acceptors. In this reaction, NH3 gains protons and H2O loses protons. NH3 is therefore a Bronsted-Lowry base.
NH3 + H2O ⇒ NH4+ + OH-
Base Acid Conjugate acid Conjugate base
A basic solution is formed when ammonia dissolves in water. A small amount of dissolved ammonia reacts with water to form ammonium hydroxide which dissociates into ammonium and hydroxide ions. All these processes are reversible. Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds that are easily broken to form H+ and OH ions. This reaction also has multiple reactants, but only one product.
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could you crystallize one enantiomer of mandelic acid from a racemic mixture (using the typical achiral solvents found in our lab) without preparing a diastereomeric salt? why or why not?
No. We cannot crystalline one enantiometer of mandolin acid from a racemic mixture without preparing a disatereomeric salt because enantiomers have the same solubility in achiral solvents, one enantiomer can not be selectively crystallized from the solution.
What is crystallization?
A supersaturated solution nucleates the solute in the process of crystallization, which is a technique for turning a solution into a solid under the control of chemical equilibrium. The result is the formation of uniform particles with well defined morphologies that easily dissolve again. Crystals are frequently fragile.
Precipitation from a solution, freezing, and, less frequently, direct deposition from a gas are a few processes that can result in the formation of crystals.
Hence, it cannot be crystallized.
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In the titration of acetic acid and naoh, the use of the color indicator requires that excess base be added in order to detect the endpoint. Will this cause the calculated and reported mass percent of acetic acid in vinegar to be too high or too low? explain.
In the titration of acetic acid and NaOH, the excess bases added in order to detect the indicator color change endpoint will cause the calculated and reported mass percent of acetic acid in vinegar to be too high because it is assumed more base has reacted other than has actually reacted.
What is an indicator?An indicator is a substance that changes color as the pH of the solution in which it is present changes.
Indicators are usually solutions of weak organic acids or bases. Some examples of indicators are methyl orange, methyl red, phenolphthalein, etc.
In a titration experiment, the color changes that occur in an indicator indicate the endpoint or equivalent point of the reaction.
Some indicators produce a sharp color change at the endpoint of a titration, whereas others do not.
Indicators are chosen to produce a suitable sharp color change at the endpoint of a given reaction.
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I need help
Consider the combustion of methane:
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
Which reactant is decreasing at the fastest rate?
Consider the combustion of methane:
CH₄(g) + 2O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)
The reactant is decreasing at the fastest rate is CH₄.
Combustion of methane CH₄ is a reaction between methane and oxygen present in the air to produce carbon dioxide and water.
the reaction involved is
CH₄(g) + 2O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)
The limiting reagent in this reaction is methane because the other reactant is oxygen which is present in air is always there ion excess. thus, the amount of carbon dioxide and water produced in the combustion of methane will depend upon the amount of methane burnt .
Thus, Consider the combustion of methane:
CH₄(g) + 2O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)
The reactant is decreasing at the fastest rate is CH₄.
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what is the solubility in moles/liter for aluminum hydroxide at 25 oc given a ksp value of 1.0 x 10-33. write using scientific notation and use 1 or 2 decimal places (even though this is strictly incorrect!)
The solubility in moles/liter for aluminum hydroxide at 25 degrees Celcius is 2.47×109 M
What is solubility?
The maximum amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a given volume of a solvent at a particular temperature is referred to as the substance's solubility. The solubility of a given solute-solvent combination is a quality that is unique to that combination; yet, the solubility of individual compounds can vary substantially.
Given that,
Temperature= 25 degrees Celcius
Ksp value= 1.0 X 10^-33
Al(OH)3(s) ==> Al3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq)
Ksp = [Al3+][OH-]3
Let x = [Al3+], then [OH-] = 3x
1.3x10-33 = (x)(3x)3
1.3x10-33 = 27x4
x4 = 4.8x10-35
x = 2.5X10-9 M = molar solubility of Al(OH)3
Hence, the answer rounded off to one decimal point since in decimal part .466 digits in 2nd and 3rd place (66) and greater than 50. the previous digit is converted to the next digit (4-5) Even if you want to give the answer up to two decimal points then the digit in 3rd place (6) is greater than (5) so the digit in 2nd decimal place converts to (67) the answer will be 2.47×109.
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How many more electrons can fit in the 2nd electron shell compared to the 1st?
6
2
8
10
Which of the following is incorrect according to Dalton's atomic theory?
a) atoms of different elements can mix together and chemically combine to make new elements
b) atoms of the same element are identical
c) chemical reactions occur when atoms are rearranged in different combinations
d) all elements are made up of tiny particles called atoms
According to the given statement chemical reactions occur when atoms are rearranged in different combinations
The correct option is C.
Why is Dalton's Atomic Theory important?The fact that Dalton's atomic theory does not break a number of fundamental rules of chemical combination, including the law of definite proportions, the law of multiple proportions, and the law of conservation of mass, is one of its most significant advantages.
What are Dalton's atomic theory's four main aspects?All matter is composed of tiny, unique units called atoms.Atoms are unbreakable and undividable.An element's atoms all have the same weight and other characteristics.Various elements' atoms have different masses.To know more about Dalton's atomic theory visit:
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a 268 cm3 sample of an ideal gas at 18°c and 748 torr pressure is placed in an evacuated container of volume 648cm3 . to what centigrade temperature must the assembly be heated so that the gas will fill the whole chamber at 748 torr?
The temperature of the ideal gas that must be heated to maintain the pressure is 703.61 K.
We need to know about the ideal gas theory to solve this problem. The ideal gas is assumed that there is no interaction between particles in a gas. It can be determined by the equation
P . V = n . R . T
where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles gas, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol.K) and T is temperature.
From the question above, we know that
The initial condition of the sample is
V1 = 268 cm³
T1 = 18⁰ C = 291 K
P1 = 748 torr
V2 = 648 cm³
P2 = 748 torr
When the initial and final pressure is the same, we can use the ratio of temperature and volume as
V1/T1 = V2/T2
268 / 291 = 648 / T2
T2 = 703.61 K
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Which TWO words complete the gaps? To check if the cracking of a long-chain hydrocarbon has actually produced alkenes, the gas produced can be bubbled through __________ __________.
To check in case the splitting of a long-chain hydrocarbon has created alkenes, the gas created can be bubbled through natural gas or aromatic rich petroleum gas.
The first beginning of cracking of hydrocarbons is alkanes. The items of splitting incorporate alkanes and alkenes, individuals of a different homologous series.
An alkene could be a hydrocarbon that contains a carbon-carbon twofold bond. The longer alkanes are warmed, and their vapors are passed over a hot catalyst. This causes covalent bonds to break and change.
In thermal breaking, tall temperatures (ordinarily within the run of 450°C to 750°C) and weights (up to approximately 70 climates) are utilized to break the huge hydrocarbons into littler ones.
Thermal splitting gives blends of items containing tall extents of hydrocarbons with two-fold bonds - alkenes.
Catalytic cracking uses a temperature of approximately 550°C and a catalyst known as a zeolite which contains aluminum oxide and silicon oxide. Steam cracking uses a higher temperature of over 800°C and no catalyst.
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What do we call the arrangement of elements with similar properties?
Answer:
the periodic table
Explanation:
Elements with similar properties are in columns called groups. Elements to the left of this line are metals. Elements in the same group of the periodic table have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. This gives them similar chemical properties.
Hope this helps!
A group of students working in a chemistry lab are planning a procedure to neutralize hydrochloric acid (HCl, strong acid). How should they BEST accomplish this?
Titrate a strong acid into the strong acid.
Titrate a strong base into the strong acid.
Titrate a weak base into the strong acid.
Titrate a weak acid into the strong acid.
To neutralize hydrochloric acid (HCl, strong acid), students should Titrate a strong base into the strong acid.
HCL or hydrochloride acid is strong acid found in the digestive system of animals and humans , this acid in gut helps in break down of protein and absorb essential nutrients, and it helps to control viruses and bacteria that might infect the stomach. It is formed when hydrochloride gas mixes with the water.
A strong acid like HCL can be neutralize with a help of strong base like sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a neutralization reaction which results in the formation of a salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), and water (H2O).
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PLEASE HELP, AWARDING BRAINLIEST!
The shortest wavelength emitted from the initial configuration of 6 d1 is 327 nm. Here the first energy level is 6 and the last level is infinity.
What is wavelength?Wavelength is of a radiation is the distance travelled by a wave. As the wavelength of a wave gets smaller its energy increases.
The relation between wavelength and energy levels is given below:
[tex]\frac{1}{\lambda } = R [\frac{1}{n_{1}^{2}}-\frac{1}{n_{2}^{2}}][/tex]
here, R is a constant equal to 1.1 × 10⁷ and n₁ and n₂ are two energy level.
The smallest wavelength of light emitted from hydrogen with n₁ =6 and n₂ = ∞ can be calculated as follows:
[tex]\frac{1}{\lambda } = 1.1\times 10^{7} [\frac{1}{6^{2}}-\frac{1}{\infty ^{2}}] =30.5\times 10^{5} cm[/tex]
[tex]\lambda = \frac{1}{30.5\times 10^{5}}= 327 \textup{ nm}[/tex]
Hence, wavelength of the light emitted is 327 nm.
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Please help!!! Currently bombing chemistry!!
When pressure is constant. Temperature and volume is directly proportional.
What is explained by Gay Lussac's law?According to Gay-Law, Lussac's the pressure of a given amount of gas, while the volume is held constant, changes directly with the absolute temperature of the gas.
Since one mole of The any ideal gas is meant to be 22.4L at STP, the gay-Lussacs law holds true. The ratios of the number of moles of gases to one another should continue to be factors and multiples of one another since this changes directly with heat (and inverse with pressure), but operates the same for all gases.
Under circumstances of constant mass and volume, Gay-law, Lussac's also known as Amonton's law, asserts that the absolute pressure and temperature of an ideal gas are directly related.
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Explain why the ideas on atoms proposed
by Dalton constitute a theory, while the ideas pro-posed by Democritus do not
The ideas on atoms proposed by Dalton constitute a theory, while the ideas proposed by Democritus do not because Democritus' theories did not explain chemical behavior and were not supported by experimental findings.
Dalton's theories were scientifically based and did explain chemical behavior; his tests revealed that the ratios in which elements were mixed were whole numbers. Democritus' theories were in line with later scientific theories, but they did not account for chemical activity. Democritus' method was not based on science, so it also lacked experimental support.
According to the first section of Dalton's theory, all matter is composed of indivisible atoms. According to the second component of the theory, the mass and characteristics of every atom in a specific element are the same. Compounds, according to the third section, are combinations of two or more different kinds of atoms.
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a chemical system that results from a chemical reaction has two important components among others in a blend. the joint distribution describing the proportions x and y of these two components is give by f(x,y)
The marginal density function of X and Y is 1 and thus they are probability density functions and the probability of the conditions in (c) and (d) is 0.2 and 0.8 respectively.
A probability is a number that expresses the likelihood or chance that a given event will occur. Probabilities can be stated as proportions ranging from 0 to 1, as well as percentages ranging from 0% to 100%.
A probability density function, also known as the density of a continuous random variable in probability theory, is a function whose value at each given sample in the sample space may be read as offering a relative likelihood that the random variable's value will be near to that sample. Probability density functions are statistical measures that are used to predict the outcome of a discrete value. The probability density function is nonnegative all the way through, and the area under the entire curve is equal to one.
a) The marginal density of X is
[tex]f_X (x) = \int\limits^x_0 {f_{X,Y} (x,y)} \, dx = \int\limits^x_0 {2} \, dx = 2x[/tex]
If it is a pdf, then
[tex]\int\limits^1_0 {f_X(x)} \, dx = 1[/tex]
[tex]\int\limits^1_0 {2x} \, dx = x^2 |_0^1 = 1[/tex]
Since integral is 1, marginal density function of X is pdf.
b) The marginal density of Y is
[tex]f_Y (y) = \int\limits^y0 {f_{X,Y} (x,y)} \, dy = \int\limits^y_0 {2} \, dy = 2y[/tex]
If it is a pdf, then
[tex]\int\limits^1_0 {f_Y(y)} \, dy = 1[/tex]
[tex]\int\limits^1_0 {2y} \, dy = y^2 |_0^1 = 1[/tex]
Since integral is 1, marginal density function of Y is pdf.
c)
[tex]P (x < 0.2,y > 0.5) = \int\limits^1_{0.5}\int\limits^{0.2}_0 {f_{X,Y} (x,y) \, dx \, dy = \int\limits^1_{0.5}\int\limits^{0.2}_0 2dxdy[/tex]
[tex]= \int\limits^1_{0.5} [2x]_0^{0.2}dy = 0.4[y]_{0.5}^1 = 0.4 (1 - 0.5) = 0.2[/tex]
d)
[tex]P (x < 0.8,y > 0.5) = \int\limits^1_{0.5}\int\limits^{0.8}_0 {f_{X,Y} (x,y) \, dx \, dy = \int\limits^1_{0.5}\int\limits^{0.8}_0 2dxdy[/tex]
[tex]= \int\limits^1_{0.5} [2x]_0^{0.8}dy = 1.6[y]_{0.5}^1 = 1.6 (1 - 0.5) = 0.8[/tex]
The complete question is:
A chemical system that results from a chemical reaction has two important components in a blend among others. The joint distribution that describes the proportion X and Y of these two components is given by f(x,y) = 2 for 0 < x < y < 1 and f(x,y) = 0 otherwise. (a) Find the marginal density function of X and verify if it is a pdf. (b) Find the marginal density function of Y and verify if it is a pdf. (c) Find the probability that the component proportions produce results X < 0.2, Y > 0.5. (d) Find the probability that the component proportions produce results X < 0.8, Y > 0.5.
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A molecule contains 3 atoms. It has 1 triple bond and 1 single bond. There are no lone pairs on any of the atoms. How many rheds are within the molecule?.
The central atom of the molecule has three electrons on its valence shell.
What is the valance shell electro pair repulsion theory?
The valance shell electron pair repulsion theory shows us the number of electron pairs that can be found on the valance shell of the central atom of the molecule. Recall that the shape of the molecule is determined by the number of electron pairs that can be found on the valance shell of the central atom of the molecule.
Hence, given the fact that the molecule contains 3 atoms. It has 1 triple bond and 1 single bond, we can be able to conclude that the molecule has three electron pairs on its valance shell.
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Please help its due today
In the previous lesson you described the similarities and differences between the light signs in shops, such as the ones "open", "closed", and fireworks. Zooming in, what do you think is happening at the atomic level to explain these differences and similarities? Explain.
Atomic level to explain these differences and similarities are existing or occurring within an atom or atoms
Atomic level is the when photon are incident in the new medium and they are absorbed by the atom or electron and then remitted or converted to internal energy and here firework are colorful and neon are orange and when the electron run to lower energy level then they emit colored light and the neon never run out electrical energy is the sole resource that is consumed
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